College Of Europe Research Articles

Do you speak Français? The hidden social structures of bilingualism at an international boarding school

This article investigates linguistic practices related to students’ social and academic lives – something that has been overlooked in the research literature on international schooling and elite boarding schools. Pierre Bourdieu reminds us that language has a social dimension linked to relations of symbolic power. Boarding schools serve as excellent case studies on how language structures social life due to their closed social space. Drawing on Bourdieu’s relational sociology, an ethnography was carried out at the College of Europe, an international private boarding school. Findings show that the practice of bilingual code-switching was endowing the institution with social distinction while hierarchically dividing its students. Three modes of student attitudes towards bilingualism were identified. While students’ bilingual attitudes and strategies were correlated to their social positions, socioeconomic origins and previous trajectories, the former were not deterministically an effect of said social position, evidenced by an observed case of habitus transformation.

Eloise Todd: mobilising civil society for pandemic prevention

Eloise Todd: mobilising civil society for pandemic prevention

About The Author

About The Author

The Role of the European Union in Combatting the Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Objects – Towards a New Action Plan (Anna Kędziorek talks to Andrzej Jakubowski)

Anna Kędziorek is a Policy Officer in the Cultural Policy Unit of the Directorate General for Education and Culture (European Commission). Much of Anna’s work concentrates on developing policy and actions to fight against illicit trade in cultural goods, raising awareness on the issue, and cooperating with relevant stakeholders and international organizations. Other topics of Anna’s competence include gender equality in the cultural and creative sectors, the role of culture for social cohesion, and the EU competition law. She holds a Master’s Degree in European Studies (Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland), and Master’s Degrees in Law (Aix-Marseille III University, France; Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland; College of Europe, Bruges, Belgium). Andrzej Jakubowski serves as SAACLR Deputy Editor-in-chief and Leader of the project “Legal Forms of Cultural Heritage Governance in Europe – A Comparative Law Perspective”, No. UMO-2019/35/B/ HS5/02084, financed by the National Science Centre (Poland). This interview was undertaken within the framework of this research project

Institutionalizing cultural Europeanism: between transnationalism and national identity (1948-1954)

Cultural Europeanism is a variant of the process of European integration attested within the framework of the Cold War. It will be mostly anti-communist, although it will couch elements favouring West-East dialogue. The governments will promote an intergovernmental model based on multilateral cooperation and national identity, and put into practice in institutions such as the Western Union or the Council of Europe. Non-governmental organizations, such as the European Movement, will be committed to a more transnational model based on the affirmation and promotion of the idea of Europe through institutions such as the College of Europe, the European Centre for Culture or the European Cultural Foundation. Within cultural Europeanism, networks of secondary institutionalization, such as educational seminars, ended up having as much or more impact than the primary entities from which they emerged.

The EU: Power(less) in Statelessness? The Case of the Baltic States

Oleksandra Zmiyenko – MA Law, European Interdisciplinary Studies – College of Europe; Academic Assistant at the College of Europe, EU International Relations Department, Bruges, Belgium. Email: Oleksandra.zmiyenko@coleurope.eu
 Despite still being an emergent research area, statelessness has come to attract growing attention both from academics and among policy-makers. So far, this legal vacuum, that represents a violation of the right to nationality, and has consistently been perceived through the prism of other human rights-related issues. To avoid oversight, statelessness needs to be perceived as a distinct phenomenon and to be addressed as such on the policy-making agenda. The European Union has two overt examples of statelessness among its Member States: Latvia and Estonia. In these post-Soviet countries, statelessness emerged in conjunction with debates over state continuity and state succession. The main question to be asked is to what extent does the EU have leverage when it comes to addressing the problem of statelessness? In its Member States, where questions of citizenship fall under the national competences, the EU influence in this regard seems limited, which is even more apparent outside of the EU. However, for the countries with 'European aspirations', there are different ways to have an impact: either before or after accession. Given its terminological ambiguities and that possible solutions to statelessness may be offered from a diverse range of academic fields, the research methodology of this study is interdisciplinary: from legal to historical analysis. While conditionality imposed on the aspiring members has a clear outcome in terms of legislation changes, once these states have acceded, the EU tends to have less influence. Conditionality might serve as a possibility to address statelessness among the countries with 'European aspirations', while increased pressure to fulfil international obligations may be crucial in dealing with Member States.

EU appoints new research chief

Jean-Eric Paquet, a French national who has served for 23 years in various roles within the European Union, will become the European Commission’s director general for research and innovation, the EC announced on Feb. 21. Currently deputy secretary general, Paquet previously worked on clean energy and industrial strategy. From 2002 to 2004, he served as deputy head of cabinet for the European commissioner for research policy. He has an undergraduate degree in international and public policy from Robert Schuman University in Strasbourg and master’s degrees in European administration from the College of Europe and in German studies from Robert Schuman. Paquet will assume his new role on April 1, replacing Robert Jan Smits. Smits oversaw an increase in Europe’s research budget from €55 billion in 2010 to the current €80 billion and launched Horizon 2020, a seven-year program for research and development that began in 2014. Smits will now become

The EU and international dispute settlement * * Dr Jur, Dr Jur hc, Dr PolSc hc; Judge at the European Court of Justice (since 2002); Senior Fellow of the University of Turku; Fellow of the Robert Schuman Institute for European Affairs, University of Luxembourg; Visiting Professor, College of Europe and University of Helsinki. Email: Allan.Rosas@curia.europa.eu. The author wishes to thank

This article focuses on recent developments with regard to the mechanisms for international dispute settlement which the EU has accepted or in some instances promoted, or which in any case are of direct relevance for the EU. As a preliminary question, the case law of the European Court of Justice concerning the compatibility of international dispute settlement mechanisms will be analysed. The article then provides an overview of such mechanisms included in multilateral and bilateral agreements concluded by the EU, with a particular emphasis on recent bilateral trade and cooperation agreements. The last parts of the article look at specific institutional problems such as the question of the representation of the EU before international dispute settlement mechanisms, and the special challenges posed by investment disputes and, in this context, investor-to-state dispute settlement (ISDS), including ISDS mechanisms in bilateral investment agreements concluded between the EU Member States.

Family Migration in Southern Europe: Integration Challenges and Transnational Dynamics: an introduction

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes on contributorsMaurizio Ambrosini is professor of Sociology of Migration at the University of Milan, Department of Social and Political Sciences, and chargé d’enseignement at the University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis (France). He is the editor of the journal “Mondi Migranti” and the scientific responsible of the Centre Medì – Migrations in the Mediterranean, of Genoa and of the Italian Summer School of Sociology of Migrations. His main interests cover immigrants’ labour market, ethnic entrepreneurship, migration policies. He is the author of more than 150 books, articles, essays in these fields, published in different languages. His handbook, Sociologia delle migrazioni, is adopted as the textbook in many Italian universities. His recent international publications include the book Irregular Migration and Invisible Welfare, Palgrave, 2013; and several articles, published in “Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies”, “Ethnic and Racial Studies”, “Journal of international migration and integration”, “European Journal of Migration and Law”, “International Review of Sociology”, “Migration Letters”, “Revue européenne des Migrations Internationales”, “Migraciones”.Paola Bonizzoni is a Lecturer in the Department of Social and Political Sciences at the University of Milan, where she teaches Sociology. She’s carrying out research on migrant citizenship and migration policies with a specific focus on the effects of migration law on gender and intergenerational relationships in immigrant families. She has recently published work on transnational family life, care-work reconciliation, immigrant youth’s experiences of migration and immigrant mothers’ support networks. Her recent publications include Immigrant Working Mothers Reconciling Work and Childcare: the Experience of Latin American and Eastern European Women in Milan. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 21(2), 194–217 (2014).Professor Anna Triandafyllidou directs the Cutural Pluralism Research Area within the Global Governance Programme, of the European University Institute (Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies - RSCAS). Before joining the Programme, she was part time professor at the RSCAS (2010–2012). During the period 2004–2012, she was Senior Fellow at the Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP) in Athens where she headed a successful migration research team. She is Visiting Professor at the College of Europe in Bruges (since 2002), and the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies. Her recent books include Circular Migration Between Europe and its Neighbourhood: Choice or Necessity? (2013, Oxford University Press), European Immigration: A Sourcebook (2014, Ashgate, 2nd edition).

Misguided Policies Risk Breaking Up the Eurozone and the EU

This latest contribution by Stefano Micossi, Director General Assonime, Visiting Professor at the College of Europe and member of the CEPS Board of Directors, assesses the new decisions on economic governance taken at the European Council on December 8-9 and questions whether they are truly feasible, either technically or politically.

Competition Law – New Tendencies, New Tools and New Enforcement Methods from an EC and Polish Perspective

The Global Competition Law Centre (GCLC), a research centre of the College of Europe, held on 13 March 2009 in Warsaw its first Natolin competition law conference entitled ‘New Tendencies, New Tools and New Enforcement Methods from an EC and Polish Perspective’.The conference was opened by Professor Paul Demaret, the Rector of the College of Europe, who started his speech by introducing GCLC and explaining the objective of its activities. He clarified that GCLC is dedicated to the promotion of rigorous legal and economic analysis of competition policy reforms both in the EU and globally. He stressed also that GCLC is mean to provide a discussion forum for academics, practitioners and enforcement officers in the antitrust field. After some preliminary remarks, the conference and its programme were presented by Jacques Bourgeois, the President of GCLC and a professor at the College of Europe and Massimo Merola, a member of GCLC’s Executive Committee and a professor at the College of Europe.

CAN EXTERNAL PROGRAMS INFLUENCE INTERNAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RULE OF LAW? SOME OBSERVATIONS FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION PERSPECTIVE

(Universities of Turku and Helsinki, Finland), PhD (Cambridge, UK), Visiting Professor (part time) College of Europe, Bruges, Belgium. The views expressed in this article are personal. The author wishes thank Morgan Kronk for her assistance in the preparation of the final draft. 1. See Thomas Carothers, The Rule-of-Law Revival, in PROMOTING THE RULE OF LAW ABROAD: IN SEARCH OF KNOWLEDGE 3–13 (Thomas Carothers ed., 2006); David Tolbert & Andrew Solomon, United Nations Reform and Supporting the Rule of Law in Post-Conflict Societies, 19 HARV. HUM. RTS. J. 29 (2006).

Switzerland and its Past: An Uncomfortable Relationship

This lecture was originally delivered at the University of California, Berkeley, on November 10, 2008. It addresses Switzerland’s asylum policies during the Second World War, as well as its relations with Apartheid South Africa in the 1970s and 1980s. The author argues that Switzerland must accept responsibility for its past faults in order to grow into the humanitarian nation that it professes to be. Roger de Weck was born in Fribourg in 1953. He is currently chairman of the Board of the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva and a visiting professor at the College of Europe in Bruges and Warsaw. He worked as the Paris correspondent for various Swiss newspapers before becoming editor-in-chief for the Swiss daily Tages-Anzeiger and German weekly paper Die Zeit. He still works for German, French and Swiss newspapers as a columnist. He regularly appears on television and anchors the discussion program Sternstunde for the German TV channel 3Sat. He is a member of the Board of the International Charlemagne Prize of Aachen.

Towards a megalopolitan world?

The author is Professor Emeritus, College of Europe, Honorary Secretary General of the Conference of Regions of North West Europe, Bruges, Belgium. Professor Kormoss is also an Honorary Member of the World Society for Ekistics, and corresponding Member of the ARL, Hanover.

The Convention at Many Crossroads: Report on a Conference at the College of Europe (Bruges), 9-10 May 2003

After nearly fifty years of its existence, the European Community currently faces two constitutional challenges: In a conscious effort to bring Europe closer to its citizens and to break away from the undemocratic executive and judicial constitution-making, Europe has set up a “Constitutional Convention” in charge of constitutional soul-searching. The second project – and indeed one of no less “constitutional” significance – is, of course, the Union's enlargement that will turn it into an organization of twenty-five plus. The two projects are in many ways intertwined and can be synthesized into the phrase: “A new Constitution for a new Europe”.

ジャック・ペルクマンズ著『ヨーロッパ統合: 方法と経済分析』

The book is said an intermediate level text which has been carefully designed to appeal to a wide range of students studying economic integration as part of an economics, law, business or public administration. But this book is not merely a textbook, but a research work with highly qualified analysis. Written by one of the Europe's leading analysts of the European Union, the book combines economic analysis with a detailed knowledge of the integration methods employed in the EU for about fifty years. Readers can comprehensively understand logic, reality and history of the economic integration of the European Union. Economic analysis develops with pictures and graphs without making use of highly mathematical models. In order to bridge the gap between theory and policy practice, 37 columns for case study are proposed.The book consists of four parts: “Foundation, ” “Internal market, ” “Common Policies, ” and “Equity, Stabilisation and Extension”. In part 1, the author explains all about European Integration: definition of economic integration, its history, developing economic constitution of the EU and economics of subsidiarity. In part 2, analysis of integration is proposed in five chapters on product market from the customs union to the present single market, services market and factor market and special attention is paid to the internal market of network industries in chapter 8. In part 3, the CAP, competition policy, common trade policy and industrial policy are analyzed. In part 4, equity for the Union, European macro-economic cooperation, EMU and pan-European economic integration of today are explained in detail.The author is a committee member of the WRR (think-tank under the Dutch prime minister) and the dean of economics department in College of Europe in Bruges. He is an Associate Fellow at the Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) in Brussels. He is an expert in the European Integration, since he has been involved as a researcher and a policy maker in the Integration for a long time. This book will surely help pull up the level of research activity on the European Integration in Japan. A Japanese version of the second edition will appear in spring next year.

Rescue or Retreat? The Nation State in Western Europe, 1945–93

‘My first guideline is this: willing and active cooperation between independent sovereign states is the best way to build a successful European Community. To try to suppress nationhood and concentrate power at the centre of a European conglomerate would be highly damaging. … Europe will be stronger precisely because it has France as France, Spain as Spain, Britain as Britain, each with its own customs, traditions and identity.’ Margaret Thatcher, British Prime Minister, speech to College of Europe in Bruges, 20 September 1988. ‘The nation state was the twin of the industrial society, and like industrial society it is becoming outworn. … The evolution of Europe in the next decades will be shaped by the phasing in of the information society to replace the industrial culture and industrial technology which have served us so well for almost two hundred years. Poul Schluter, Danish Prime Minister, speech to the America–European Community Association, London, 20 September 1988. ‘Nations are not everlasting. They have a beginning, they will have an end. Probably a European confederation will replace them.’ Ernest Renan, Qu'est-ce qu'une nation? Lecture to Sorbonne, Paris, 11 March 1882. ‘Both the nation state and integration appear as fortunate accidents of the time, fundamentally contradictory tendencies, which nevertheless in promoting economic growth fortuitously complemented each other.’ Alan Milward, The European Rescue of the Nation State (London, Routledge, 1992), p. 24.

The Right Programme for Europe

These extracts from a speech given by Mr Heath to the Royal Institute for International Relations and the College of Europe, in Belgium, 1989 offer a clear view of a genuine European economy. From the founding treaties to the Single European Act; the issue of sovereignty; the Single European Market and the European Monetary System (EMS); a single thread is traced – “We in Britain are Europeans”. The historical, pertinent and present‐day arguments for European integration are unfolded.

Customs Union Enlargement and Adjustment: Spain's Accession to the European Community*

JCMS: Journal of Common Market StudiesVolume 28, Issue 1 p. 1-27 Customs Union Enlargement and Adjustment: Spain's Accession to the European Community* ROBERT C. HINE, ROBERT C. HINE University of Nottingham, and College of Europe, BrugesSearch for more papers by this author ROBERT C. HINE, ROBERT C. HINE University of Nottingham, and College of Europe, BrugesSearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1989 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.1989.tb00352.xCitations: 9 † *An earlier version of this paper was presented at a Conference on ‘Economic Aspects of Regional Trading Arrangements’, Lehigh University. The paper benefited by discussion at the conference, and in particular from the comments of H. Grubel and D. Greenaway; thanks are due also to J. A. Salmurri and to the two anonymous referees for their helpful advice. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume28, Issue1September 1989Pages 1-27 RelatedInformation

Crisis and Adjustment in European Steel: Beyond Laisser‐Faire

JCMS: Journal of Common Market StudiesVolume 23, Issue 3 p. 207-228 Crisis and Adjustment in European Steel: Beyond Laisser-Faire LOUKAS TSOUKALIS, LOUKAS TSOUKALISSearch for more papers by this authorROBERT STRAUSS, ROBERT STRAUSS *Loukas Tsoukalis is University Lecturer in International Relations and Fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford. He is also Director of Economic Studies at the College of Europe, Bruges. Robert Strauss is a research student at St Antony's College. This article is partly based on research undertaken for a project on the management of the steel crisis run by the European University Institute in Florence. The authors would like to thank the Editor and two anonymous referees for their useful comments on an earlier draft. The usual disclaimer applies.Search for more papers by this author LOUKAS TSOUKALIS, LOUKAS TSOUKALISSearch for more papers by this authorROBERT STRAUSS, ROBERT STRAUSS *Loukas Tsoukalis is University Lecturer in International Relations and Fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford. He is also Director of Economic Studies at the College of Europe, Bruges. Robert Strauss is a research student at St Antony's College. This article is partly based on research undertaken for a project on the management of the steel crisis run by the European University Institute in Florence. The authors would like to thank the Editor and two anonymous referees for their useful comments on an earlier draft. The usual disclaimer applies.Search for more papers by this author First published: March 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.1985.tb00069.xCitations: 10 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume23, Issue3March 1985Pages 207-228 RelatedInformation