College Women Research Articles

Unmasking the Hidden Burden: A Delayed Diagnosis of Leprosy Patients With Grade 2 Disability and Its Effects on the Healthcare System in Bangladesh.

Introduction Leprosy remains a significant cause of preventable disability worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment of leprosy are critical not only to stop its spread but also to prevent physical and social complications and reduce the disease burden. Objectives The study aims to evaluate the factors that lead to a delayed leprosy diagnosis. Methods This study was conducted in the outpatient departments of Leprosy Control Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, and at Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka,Bangladesh, from March 2023 to June 2023. A total number of 252 male (148) and female (104) patients were selected with any sign of leprosy, including disability, age ranging from 15 to 74 years. Data was collected in a pre-designed structured questionnaire by the researchers. To assess the risk of independent exposures of Grade 2 leprosy disabilities, we used a logistic regression model. A chi-square test showed the association between significant effects and leprosy disabilities. A p-value of 0.05 was considered as significant. For statistical analysis, STATA version 15 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, Texas, USA) was used. Results The study participants exhibited a higher percentage of disability, with a rate of 25.8% for Grade 2 disabilities.In addition to this, males represented a more considerable proportion, 58.7%, than females among leprosy and disability patients across all levels of disability. In our study, lack of money and painless symptoms showed a significant association (p<0.001) with Grade 2 disability. Conclusion The study reveals that Grade 2 disabilities are more common in males and are particularly prevalent in lower socioeconomic groups.

MULHERES UNIVERSITÁRIAS VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA NO ESPAÇO ACADÊMICO

The present research aims to verify views regarding violence against women in the university environment, with university women from a private institution in the interior of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Through a case study narrative in which a conversation circle was used as a data collection method, between 22 (twenty-two) students from different courses offered by the higher education institution. The results show that 65% of the participants have already suffered some type of violence, of which 52% said they had suffered sexual harassment at university. The participants reveal that they have experienced acts of coercion, intellectual disqualification, moral and psychological aggression in the academic space. They also state that they do not feel safe in the university environment and experience learning difficulties, depression, anxiety, and stress in relation to academic spaces. In this study, it was possible to find information about the patterns of occurrence of these cases, such as: the types of violence, the places where they occur and the characteristics of the aggressors, which helps to identify risk areas and develop strategies for prevention and intervention, the to create a safer and more equal environment for all women in the university context.

Black college women’s lived memories of racialization in predominantly white educational spaces: I’m Black, I´m a migrant, I’m a woman, so what?

ABSTRACT Research on experiences of gender and racial discrimination among young, racialized college women in Europe is scarce, particularly in Spain where Black women have traditionally had a minority presence in universities. As a result of processes of social mobility, these women are now occupying higher education spaces to an unprecedented extent, where they are becoming increasingly visible. These women's experiences of gender and racial discrimination throughout the education cycle are invisible. The aim of this article is to explore the personal experiences of racialization and discrimination among Black female college students in southern Spain. Twelve in-depth interviews were conducted and analysed to shed light on the experiences of young Black female students in predominantly white educational institutions. The stories of these women show that gender and race intersect and are constructed simultaneously through interactions with their mostly white peers. These women display responses of significant resilience.

Enhancing body image satisfaction and well-being among early adolescents: Feasibility and preliminary outcomes of the mind. body. voice. program

Although most research has emphasized high-school and college-aged women, body dissatisfaction and eating disorder behavior are also a concern for middle-school girls. We partnered with Girls Inc., a community-based organization to explore feasibility and preliminary outcomes of the mind. body. voice. (m.b.v.) program with a middle-school-aged cohort. The program was collaboratively designed with youth, focusing on body image satisfaction, disordered eating risk factors, and mental health and well-being. The work occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering a unique opportunity to assess the promise of the program under difficult extenuating circumstances. In an open-trial design, we assessed change from pre- to post-program administered with two cohorts, one delivered remotely in 2020 (n = 17) and one in-person in 2021 (n = 13). Findings indicated that participation in the m.b.v. program was associated among both cohorts with significant decreases in negative body judgment and adherence to cultural appearance biases, and significant increases in body awareness, agency, and positive self-regard, as well as significant reductions in negative affect. Results support the feasibility and promise of both remote and in-person administration of the program targeting young adolescents, and in partnership with a well-established community-based organization.

ANALYZING THE PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS ABOUT HYBRID LEARNING PROGRAM IN UNIVERSITIES

The study's objective was to determine how students felt about university blended learning programs. This study looked at evidence showing how blended learning affects students' perceptions. The study's population of concern included all social sciences students from 2-universities in Multan district (Bahauddin Zakariya University &amp; Women University). Sample of study comprised 360 students from social sciences faculty, 30 students were selected from each department. Questionnaire was developed for students. The questionnaire contains 25 items for students' perception and a five-point Likert scale was used for scoring. Statistical methods were applied to obtain findings about student reactions like %, mean, frequency and SD was used to apply and examine the perception of students about blended learning program. It was found that majority of participants believe that blended learning helps make students independent, inspired, confident &amp; more effective. Students should participate in training program to improve ability to use technology in blended learning &amp; regular feedback sessions should be encouraged.

EFFECT OF YOGIC PRACTICES WITH AND WITHOUT DIET MODIFICATIONS ON SELECTED PHYSIOLOGICAL IN IRREGULAR MENSTURAL COLLEGE WOMEN

The menstrual cycle is the cycle of natural changes that occurs in the uterus and ovary as an essential part of making reproduction possible. Its timing is governed by endogenous (internal) biological cycles. The menstrual cycle is essential for the production of eggs, and for the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy. The cycle occurs only in fertile female humans and other female primates. In human females, the menstrual cycle occurs repeatedly between the age of menarche, when cycling begins, until menopause, when it ends. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of Yogic practices with and without diet modifications on selected Physiological variables in irregular menstrual college women. The selected subjects 45 were randomly divided into three groups equally of which experimental Group – I underwent yogic practices with diet modifications, Group – II underwent yogic practices without diet modifications Group – II acted as Control Group. The subjects selected for this study were in the age group of 18 to 21 years. Each group consisting of fifteen subjects, there experimental group as Group I &amp; II and Control group as Group III. The following physiological variable was selected as dependent variables such as systolic blood pressure, and the following variable was selected as independent variable as yogic practices. The data collected on selected criterion variables were subjected to statistical analysis using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to find out any significant difference between the three groups on systolic blood pressure.

Fear of Negative Evaluation, Appearance Distress and Inferiority Complex among University Women Having Acne Problem

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and inferiority complex in university women with acne problems. Study also explored the mediating role of appearance distress between the variables. A correlational survey research designed was employed to execute the research. Data was collected through purposive sampling and the sample was of university women (n= 220) with acne problem. The tools for the study were ‘Brief Version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (Leary,1983), Appearance Anxiety Inventory Scale (David Veale, 2011), COMPIN Scale (Djordje Ceklija, 2017) for Inferiority Complex. For data analysis, Partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was applied via statistical software, i.e. Smart-PLS (version-4 M4). The measurement model showed high reliability and validity and the structural model revealed positive and significant direct and indirect effect of appearance distress between the fear of negative evaluation and inferiority complex among women having acne problem. Practical and societal implications have been discussed for the women having acne, counselors and clinicians.

Role of Institutional Environment in Enhancing Confidence among Female Students at University Level

The study focused on how the institutional environment affects the confidence of female undergraduate students studying social sciences (BS Education and Economics) and natural sciences (BS Botany and Zoology) at Women's University and Bahauddin Zakriya University. The study, which included the whole population of 355 natural sciences and 248 social sciences students, used a stratified random sampling technique, yielding a sample size of 196 and 152 individuals from each department. A self-developed questionnaire with 27 items and three criteria was used, encompassing topics such as institutional laws, personal strength awareness, and a sense of belonging. Descriptive statistics, such as percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were utilised to assess the data acquired during validation and pilot testing. Additionally, deductive statistics, such as the T-test, were used to test null hypotheses. The findings provided information on the perceived influence of institutional elements on female students' confidence in both academic fields. Overall, the study used a rigorous and methodical approach to investigating the research objectives, integrating quantitative and deductive methodologies to produce a full grasp of the issue.

Effects of Diaphragm Breathing Training Through Visual Feedback on Diaphragm Movement and Lung Function in Normal Women

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic breathing training with visual feedback on diaphragm movement and lung function in healthy women. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with the participation of 20 healthy college-aged women without any underlying physical conditions. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups: the intervention group that received diaphragmatic breathing training with visual feedback and the control group that underwent sham training without visual feedback. Diaphragmatics movement were assessed through respiratory motion analysis, and lung function was measured using spirometry before and after the training period. Data analysis included a paired t-test to compare within-group differences and an independent t-test to compare the effects between the two groups. Results: In both groups, diaphragmatic movement significantly increased after the intervention (p&lt;.05). In addition, the intervention group that received visual feedback exhibited significant improvements in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and diaphragm movement (p&lt;.05). However, the control group without visual feedback demonstrated only a significant increase in diaphragm movement (p&lt;.05). Furthermore, the intervention group showed a significantly greater increase in FVC than the control group. Conclusion: This study reveals that incorporating visual feedback into diaphragmatic breathing training can effectively enhance diaphragmatic movement and improve lung function in healthy women. These findings suggest the potential benefits of visual feedback in optimizing the benefits of diaphragmatic breathing exercises. These results have implications for respiratory rehabilitation, stress reduction, and overall well-being in the general population. More studies are recommended to explore the long-term effects of diaphragmatic breathing training with visual feedback and its application in clinical populations with respiratory disorders.

Smoking behaviors among Middle Eastern college women in the United States

Objective: to examine factors associated with cigarette and hookah smoking among Middle Eastern (ME) Arab college women. Participants: 406 adult women of ME Arabic background, currently enrolled in or recently graduated from a US college. Methods: a cross-sectional design, using an anonymous online survey of demographic characteristics, sociocultural factors, and access to health care factors. Data analysis included regression model to identify predictors of smoking behaviors. Results: Smoking rates were 21% and 19% for cigarette and hookah smoking. Cigarette smoking was higher with having liberal attitudes toward sexuality and lower among those having a healthcare provider. Hookah smoking was higher among students who are Muslim, involved in student organizations, have higher acculturation-heritage levels, and have more liberal attitudes toward women. Hookah smoking was lower among students born in the US, attending college part-time, and having higher religiosity levels. Conclusions: The study findings have several implications for interventions to address smoking behaviors among ME Arab college women through community organizations and within college campuses.

Training of young medical professionals: implementation of modern training concepts, taking into account the changed framework conditions for training—a pilot project for operational subjects

IntroductionFor years, generations of medical students have complained that practice-oriented learning is neglected in medical studies. Further training assistants also complain about limited opportunities to learn subject-specific practical activities.Material and techniquesWe are presenting a pilot project at the University Women’s Hospital in Homburg, in which medical students complete an endoscopic hands-on course as part of the block internship gynaecology and obstetrics. During the course the students perform classic skills training and hand–eye coordination exercises and learn the first steps in endoscopic suturing (suture and rows of knots). The training concepts used can be implemented on simple boxing trainers and can therefore also be reproduced in clinics or in a private setting.OutcomeAltogether, 73 medical students did participate in the laparoscopy course. We were able to prove that the knotting time for a simple knot can be reduced from an average of 247 s to 40 s (80%) after completing our training programme. Based on the evaluation sheet that the students filled out after the course, we found a very-high acceptance for surgical simulation training within the student cohort.DiscussionPractical surgical exercises can complement the curriculum well and, as we can show with our work, are rated very positively by the students. For students in higher semesters, such practical courses can also provide an insight into the respective subject area and thus counteract the lack of skilled workers in surgical subjects. The practical year should not be the first contact with these practical courses, as at this timepoint a certain favoured subject has often already being chosen by the students.

Eating disorder-related functional impairment predicts greater depressive symptoms across one semester of college

Eating disorder (ED) behaviors and depression are associated with numerous negative outcomes, including lower quality of life and functional impairment. College women are at elevated risk for both. Prior research indicates ED behaviors, including binge eating, self-induced vomiting, and fasting, predict increases in future depressive symptoms. However, symptom heterogeneity in EDs is common, and all disordered eating, or its associated distress, cannot be captured by the endorsement of behaviors. Impairment that results from ED behaviors may be a comparable, or stronger, predictor of depressive symptoms. We sought to characterize the longitudinal relationship between ED-related functional impairment, ED behaviors, and depressive symptoms. College-aged women [N = 304; 72 % white, mean (SD) age = 18.45 (0.88)] completed an online survey in August (baseline), and then three months later in November (follow-up). Baseline ED-related functional impairment, but not baseline ED behaviors, significantly predicted depressive symptoms at follow-up, controlling for baseline depressive symptoms, negative affect, and body mass index. Findings indicate ED-related functional impairment is a risk factor for increases in depressive symptoms across one semester of college, irrespective of ED behavior engagement, weight status, and dispositional negative affect. Intervening upon ED-related functional impairment may reduce or prevent future depressive symptoms among college-aged women.

CLASSROOM PARTICIPATION AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS AT HIGHER LEVEL: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY

The objective of current research was to examine the correlation between classroom participation and personality development of students in higher education. The population of the study included all social sciences students from 2-universities (Bahauddin Zakariya University &amp; Women University) in Multan district. Two universities were selected from Multan district, only faculty of social sciences was selected, 25 students were selected from each department so total samples of study were 300 students. The questionnaire was designed by using 5-point Likert scale. Data was entered on SPSS sheet after completion of the data collection. Data was analyzed by using diverse statistical techniques, means, SD, correlation, regression, ANOVA and t-test. In data analysis, it was found that participants see classroom participation as enhancing effective management with peers, reflecting prime viewpoint and impact of strong communication skills helps peers on engaging with classmates. Students should participate in workshops or seminars that focus on personal growth including communication skills, emotional intelligence and self-awareness.

Assessing the feasibility of a neck‐strength training intervention in university women's rugby

AbstractCervical muscle strength has been demonstrated to reduce concussion risk in high school athletes, and interventions to improve this in male rugby players have elicited strength improvements. However, the feasibility of introducing neck‐strengthening interventions into women's rugby has not been investigated. This study sought to pilot a neck‐strength intervention in university‐level women's rugby players. A fixed‐frame dynamometer was used to assess the multi‐directional isometric neck‐strength of 14 university women's rugby players (20.3 ± 1.0 years). Between baseline and end‐of‐season testing, a neck‐strengthening program was completed. Interviews were conducted with six players and two coaches to understand program engagement. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and processed via inductive content analysis. Increases in absolute neck‐strength post‐intervention in left and right lateral flexion (left 85.4 ± 29.7 N to 108.2 ± 41.6 N, p = 0.02, right 87.4 ± 33.3 N to 110.5 ± 40.3 N, p = 0.01) and flexion (128.4 ± 28.8 N to 147.9 ± 30.5 N, p = 0.01) were perceived positively by the players although there were suggestions that greater adaptability according to training age and more variety was required. Participants initially demonstrated limited awareness of neck‐strength training but engaged well with the exercises once the potential benefits were understood. This intervention shows promise as an effective, palatable strategy to improve neck‐strength in university women's rugby players. Further research is needed to establish whether such improvements in neck‐strength are associated with meaningful reductions in head impact occurrence.

Pterygium – A clinicopathologic study

To correlate histopathologic features with clinical types of pterygia that may influence the management strategies. Prospective clinico-pathological study. This study was conducted at Malla Reddy Narayana Multispeciality Hospital, affiliated to Malla Reddy Medical College for Women, between June 2020 and February 2022. This study comprised of 52 eyes with primary pterygium that underwent surgical excision followed by a graft. Clinical features of the pterygia like their dimensions over the ocular surface, redness (congestion), fleshiness (assessed by amount of concealment of episcleral vessels) and flattening of Plica Semilunaris were evaluated. Excised pterygia were evaluated for histopatologic characteristics like vascularity, leucocyte infiltration, subepithelial and stromal fibrosis and leucocyte infiltraton. The dimensions of the pterygium were positively correlated with the extent of redness and fleshiness. Plica semilunaris was flattened correlating with the length and width of the pterygium. Vascular density and stromal elastosis were reflected clinically in significant fleshiness of the pterygium. Histopathology, with morphological and clinical characteristics, forms the basis of the assessment of the evolution and the growth of perygium. The clinical nature of the perygium is correlated with histopathological variables.

Discipline in Education, and its relationship with Students’ Academic Achievement at University Level

The purpose of the research was to know the relationship of discipline in education and students’ academic achievement at university level. The study’s population of concern included all social sciences students from two universities in Multan district (Bahauddin Zakariya University and The Women University). Sample of the study was consisted of 300 students. Just the students of social sciences was selected from these universities, and 25 students were chosen from each department. Questionnaire was developed for students which contains 26 items and five point likert was used for scoring. Data were entered on SPSS sheet after the completion of data collection. Various statistical methods were applied to obtain the findings about the student’s reactions like percentage, mean, frequency and standard deviation was used to apply and examine the relationship of discipline in education with student academic achievement. After complete analysis of data it was found that the majority of the participants believe that discipline in education helps student’s to complete their assignments on time, arrive on time for class and participates in every class discussions.

Exploring longitudinal relationships between fitness tracking and disordered eating outcomes in college-aged women.

A growing body of research, primarily cross-sectional, suggests a relationship between the practice of tracking one's food intake and exercise behaviors using fitness-tracking smartphone applications ("apps") or wearable devices ("wearables") and disordered eating symptomatology. The aim of the present study was to explore longitudinal relationships between fitness tracking and disordered eating outcomes among college-aged women, as well as to determine whether the individual-level risk factors of pre-existing eating concerns, perfectionism, and rumination about food moderated the relationship. N = 68 female undergraduates used the MyFitnessPal app for 8 weeks while completing a series of self-report measures. At the trait level, fitness tracking frequency was positively associated with weight/shape concerns, but not with the other outcome measures. Daily levels of fitness tracking did not predict next-day levels for any of the outcome measures. Within-day fitness tracking at one timepoint was associated with lower reports of dietary restraint efforts at the next timepoint. None of the proposed moderators significantly interacted with the relationships over time. These results suggest that while those who engage in fitness tracking may experience higher weight/shape concerns as a trait, over time fitness tracking was not associated with an increase in concerns. Further work exploring whether fitness tracking may affect particular subgroups in different ways is warranted.

Did court dismiss coach's retaliation claim?

The head coach of the East Carolina University women's volleyball team reported departmentwide Title IX violations. She also alleged that male coaches were treated more favorably than female coaches.

Impact of a College Sexual Violence Prevention Program on Condom Use: A Mediation Analysis.

College-age students are disproportionately impacted by sexually transmitted infections. Campus programs that reduce sexual violence have received recent investment, are increasingly common, and may offer a platform to increase condom use, but this has not yet been investigated. We explore this novel question through a secondary analysis of a randomized control trial of RealConsent, a web-based, sexual assault program for college women, on three college campuses. By estimating single and multiple-mediator models we examine the relationships between study assignment, the hypothesized mediators: self-efficacy to discuss safer sex, and clarity and assertiveness in sexual communication, and consistent condom use at follow-up. In the single mediator models, self-efficacy for safer sex communication (aOR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03-1.19, p = .004), assertiveness in sexual communication (aOR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.11, p =.004), and clarity in sexual communication (aOR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.05, p = .026) demonstrated significant direct effects on condom use. No statistically significant relationships between RealConsent and the mediators, nor indirect effects were found. In the multimediator model, there were no statistically significant associations identified. Self-efficacy, assertiveness, and clarity in communication about sex may have a positive impact on condom use but we did not find evidence that RealConsent impacted these mediators and thus no mediated effect was identified. Additional research is needed to develop and assess college-based sexual violence prevention programs that include an additional focus on skills specifically related to condom negotiation and use to understand if these widespread programs offer an efficient and effective platform to reduce the impact of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among this high-risk population.

Acetone Reclamation: An Affordable and Practical Approach to Recycle Impure Acetone from Plastination

Dehydration of the tissues with acetone is one of the critical phases of the plastination procedure, and much acetone is utilized in this step—the present study aimed at acetone reclamation with essential laboratory equipment cost-effectively. The objective was to use the reclamated acetone and not discard it in the environment. In this experiment, 150 liters of impure (used) acetone was taken for reclamation through a simple distillation method. The Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC) of Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Pune, approved the study. Essential laboratory equipment included two heat-resistant glass jars with stoppers, ½ a diameter stainless steel tube, a cooling chamber, a thermostat-controlled hot water bath, an electrode pH meter, and a laboratory thermometer. The cooling chamber condensed the boiling acetone vapours, and pure acetone was collected in the glass jar. The results were calculated using descriptive statistics. With this acetone reclamation setup, 150 liters of impure acetone were recycled, and 128 liters of acetone with a purity of 97% - 99.3% was recovered. The essential equipment for this study pre-existed in our laboratory. The current study also proposes installing a cost-effective acetone reclamation unit at plastination labs to avoid disposing of the impure acetone as toxic waste, thus preventing it from harming the environment. KEYWORDS: Acetone recycling, acetone reclamation, chemical hazards, cost-effective plastination.