Cold Field Emission Scanning Electron Research Articles

Research on high-strength and rapid-hardening magnesium phosphate as a novel bonding material for limestone artifacts

Due to natural erosion and human interference, limestone artifacts often suffer from cracks and gradual detachment. There is a critical need for new bonding materials that possess excellent aging resistance and high compatibility with the artifact substrates. This study investigates the effects of varying proportions of citric acid (CA) and borax (B) as composite retarders on the fundamental properties of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC). Through the application of X-ray diffraction techniques and cold field emission scanning electron microscopy, this research elucidates the mechanisms by which the retarders affect MPC. It was found that a 5 % addition of CA and B significantly reduces the hydration temperature during the early stages of MPC setting, enhances the unconfined compressive strength (reaching 44.3 MPa at 28 days), and allows for controllable setting times (17 minutes). Additionally, the presence of CA was found to delay crystal growth, resulting in an increased quantity of the amorphous phase and higher density of MPC. The optimal MPC formulation was selected as a bonding and repair material for limestone artifacts. For comparative analysis, traditional glutinous rice lime mortar (GL) and commercially available epoxy resin (EP) were tested under wet-dry cycling and UV aging conditions. Results indicated that EP materials demonstrated significant aesthetic incompatibilities and progressive cracking and detachment as aging tests progressed. GL materials exhibited significantly lower bonding strength compared to EP and MPC. In contrast, MPC displayed excellent aging resistance, moderate bonding strength, and a Shore hardness value closely matching that of the limestone substrates. Therefore, high-strength, rapid-hardening MPC represents a valuable and forward-looking solution for the conservation of limestone artifacts.

An experimental investigation on the damage mechanisms of red glutenite in the Mount Wuyi cultural and natural heritage site subject to acid rain and wet-dry cycles: a macro-to-micro approach

The safety of rock landscapes in Mount Wuyi is significantly impacted by acid rain and wet-dry cycles. In this paper, the decay characteristics of the physical–mechanical properties of red glutenite were investigated under acidic wet-dry cycles. A systematic approach, including cold field emission scanning electron microscopy (CFE-SEM), image processing techniques, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), was proposed to investigate the damage mechanism of red glutenite under acidic wet-dry cycles. The results indicate that with increasing solution acidity and wet-dry cycles, dry density (DD), longitudinal wave velocity (LWV), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and elastic modulus (EM) of red glutenite significantly decrease. Under different acidic conditions, DD, LWV, and UCS exhibit exponential decay with wet-dry cycles, while EM exhibits linear decay. A regression fitting was employed to establish a prediction model for UCS, which exhibited a better capability in predicting the correlation between UCS, pH, and the number of wet-dry cycles. Microscopic comprehensive analysis reveals that the interaction between rock dissolution and desiccation is the primary factor leading to changes in the microstructure and mineral composition of red glutenite, culminating in the decay of its physical–mechanical properties. This study holds significant guidance implications for the preservation of cultural and natural heritage in Mount Wuyi.

Modification of bacterial cellulose using silk fibroin β-sheet crystals induced by ultrasonication

Silk fibroin (SF) has been continuously explored as a biomaterial due to its biocompatibility, tunability, and self-healing properties. In this work, we present a novel approach to the modification of bacterial cellulose (BC) with SF β-sheet dominant structures induced via ultrasonication. Secondary structure analysis through infrared spectroscopy, thioflavin T assay, and circular dichroism spectropolarimetry revealed a conversion of silk I to silk II structures within the protein mixture. Cold field emission scanning electron microscope images revealed the tightly packed fibers coated with the protein. Thermogravimetric curves demonstrated higher resistance to temperature degradation supplemented by broader and flatter DSC curves attributed to the highly bonded and dense composite. Successful conversion of amide I to amide II and amide III allowed for the more stable β-crystals to contribute to a more thermodynamically stable double-network hydrogel. The conversion of silk I to silk II structures offers a viable and highly biocompatible material that is both thermodynamically and biochemically stable for various potential biomedical applications.

Differences in mass concentration and elemental composition of leaf surface particulate matter: Plant species and particle size ranges

Leaf surface particulate matter (PM) is an optimal material for the environmental monitoring of urban green spaces Currently, most studies have looked at leaf surface PM, using only its mass concentration to investigate the dust retention capacity and mechanisms of different plant leaves. The elemental composition of leaf surface PM has been neglected as a reflection of the environment and its sources. Therefore, in this study, ten common plant species were selected from the Olympic Forest Park, an urban green space in Beijing, and the characteristics of leaf surface PM were analysed in depth in terms of mass concentration and elemental composition. The leaf surface PM mass concentration was first obtained by vacuum filtration (VF) method, and then the leaf surface PM attached to the filter membrane obtained from the previous step was used as experimental material to study its elemental composition using cold field emission scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS). The results show that (1) In terms of mass concentration, were Hemerocallis fulva, Poa pratensis, Acorus calamus, Typha orientalis, and Phragmites communis had better dust retention capacity; (2) The five most important elements deposited on the leaf surface of plants in Beijing were C, O, Mg, Al, and Si, with a total of 26 elements detected; (3) The particulate matter retained on the leaf surface of plants in Beijing was classified as Geogenic particles (57.70%) > Anthropogenic particles (22.30%) > Biogenic particles (20.00%). The results at this stage are expected to promote the in-depth understanding of plant leaf remediation of PM.

Two methods for constructing ZIF-8 nanomaterials with good bio compatibility and robust antibacterial applied to biomedical

Metal-organic framework materials not only possess porous structures, but also have excellent antibacterial properties. It is of great practical significance to prepare new antibacterial materials with excellent antibacterial effect by metal-organic framework materials. In our study, Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanomaterials with antibacterial properties were prepared via the solvent method and diethanolamine template method. The materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), cold field-emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption-desorption experiment, antibacterial experiment, and biocompatibility experiment. Results showed that ZIF-8 prepared by solvent method has a more typical hexagonal structure, larger specific surface area, and smaller pore size, and the values are 1812.07 m2g-1 and 2.2412 nm, respectively. At the same time, the materials prepared by the two methods have excellent antibacterial properties, and exhibit good biocompatibility at low concentrations, the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are higher than 95%, and the cell viabilities of the selected five material concentrations of 12.5 µg mL-1, 25 µg mL-1, 50 µg mL-1, 100 µg mL-1 and 200 µg mL-1 are more than 70%. Therefore, this study provides a feasible method for preparing Nano-scale antibacterial functional particles, and it is of great significance to broaden the application field of ZIF-8 materials and prepare ZIF-8 drug-delivery functional materials.

The f-ratio model for quantitative X-ray microanalysis

The f-ratio method is a new quantitative X-ray microanalysis method developed based on a cold field emission scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectroscopy system. The f-ratio is calculated with the characteristic X-ray intensities, and the Monte Carlo simulation is employed to build the theoretical relation between the system composition and the f-ratio. In this study, the f-ratio model is formulated with the elemental concentrations and the f-ratio coefficients. The f-ratio models in the binary S-Fe system and the ternary O-Al-Si system were studied, and the beam energy effects were investigated. The quantitative analyses were performed on the standard pyrite (FeS2) and kyanite (Al2SiO5) specimens, and the results show that the f-ratio model is able to achieve a satisfying accuracy.

Ash thermochemical behaviors of bamboo lignin from kraft pulping: Influence of washing process

To improve the efficiency and safety of the thermochemical conversion process of lignin residues from the bamboo paper factory, the residual lignin of black liquor was precipitated by concentrated hydrochloric acid. It was further washed using a hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of 2 and deionized water to obtain lignin samples. The ash of lignin samples with different washing processes was prepared using a muffle furnace according to standard method (GB/T 36057-2018). Their surface morphology, chemical compositions and thermochemical behaviors were investigated by cold field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray fluorescence analyzer, X-ray diffractometer, and synchronous thermal analysis. The results showed that the washing process changed the type and content of chemical compositions in lignin ash and affected its thermochemical behaviors. The ash content of L1 sample (13.76%) decreased to 6.13% (L2 sample) and 4.35% (L3 sample) when the pH value of washing filter was 4 and 7. The efficiency of ash removal was 68.39%. The LA1 sample was composed of Si, S, O, Na, Cl, K, Ni, Zr, and Pd, especially for Cl (46.49%) and K (41.85%). The washing process decreased Cl and K. LA2 and LA3 samples had the high content of Si, S and O. This increased the Ra and F, and deceased Rb, Rb/a, Rb/(a+p), Fu, and S/A. Three weight loss peaks of the DTG curve and three prominent endothermic peaks of the DSC curve corresponded to Cl release, Na and K release, and S release for LA1 sample. Compared with LA1, LA2, and LA3 had a slight weight loss. The washing process increased the efficiency and safety of the thermochemical conversion of lignin residues in the bamboo papermaking factory.

Internal cavity amplification of shell-like ferritin regulated with the change of the secondary and tertiary structure induced by PEF technology

In this study, the effect of pulsed electric field (PEF) on apparent morphology and molecular structure of shell-like ferritin obtained from horse spleen was determined by circular dichroic (CD), fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, cold field emission scanning electron microscopy (CF-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and verified by molecule dynamics (MD) simulation. After PEF treatment, the α-helix content of the samples reached a minimum value at 10 kV/cm, which indicated that the ferritin structure has been partially unfolded. However, the α-helix content peaked again after resting for 2 h at 25 ± 1 °C. This indicated that the PEF-treated ferritin tended to restore its original spherical morphology probably owing to the reversible assembly characteristic of ferritin. In addition, microstructure analysis revealed that ferritin particles aggregated after PEF treatment. Therefore, PEF treatment could induce the “exposure” of hydrophobic amino acids and conversion of disulfide bond configuration, and consequently, regulate the internal cavity stability of ferritin. The research will be beneficial to expand the application of PEF treatment in the modification of protein structure, and provide a theoretical basis for the application of ferritin as a carrier of bioactive molecules in food.

Microstructure and mechanical characteristics of Cu-12.5Ni-5Sn-xFe sintered alloys

Abstract The Cu-12.5Ni-5Sn-xFe alloys were prepared using powder metallurgy. The effect of the amount of Fe addition on the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of Cu-12.5Ni-5Sn-xFe alloys was investigated. The microstructure and morphology of alloys were examined by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and cold field emission scanning electron microscope. Results indicate that the hardness and yield strength of the Cu-12.5Ni-5Sn alloy are improved by addition of trace amounts of Fe. The lamellar precipitates of Cu-12.5Ni-5Sn-xFe alloys are more and finer compared to those of Cu-12.5Ni-5Sn alloy. Fe can facilitate the aging process and strengthen the effect of aging-hardening.

Conductive polyurethane nanofiber membrane prepared through high-power impulse magnetron sputtering using brass alloy

In this work, a copper-rich α-phase brass alloy was deposited on the surface of polyurethane nanofiber membranes with different densities using high-power impulse magnetron sputtering technology. The microstructural and electrical properties of the brass-coated membranes were investigated using a cold field emission scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive spectrometer, atomic force microscope, a multipurpose thin-film X-ray diffractometer, and low impedance meter with a four-point probe. A network analyzer with a coaxial tube was used to analyze the resistance characteristics and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the samples. Results indicated that the brass alloy was evenly deposited on the surface and inner layers of the nanofiber membrane. Brass nodules were stacked on the surface of nanofibers and had a granular structure. The nanofibers of all membranes were neither damaged nor degraded after deposition. The brass-coated membrane provided a good conductive path on the surface. When the deposition time increased, the deposition of brass nodules on the membrane was more complete and uniform, which reduced the surface resistance and improved the electromagnetic shielding performance of the membrane.

Grading Characteristics of Texaco Gasification Fine Slag: Quality Distinction and Selective Distribution of Trace Elements.

Aiming at hard-to-reuse gasification fine slag, a new process of treating gasification fine slag by classification was presented. The screening treatment was carried out based on ensuring the original particle size composition of fine slag, and it was divided into six particle size ranges as follows: +0.5, 0.3–0.5, 0.125–0.3, 0.074–0.125, 0.045–0.074, and −0.045 mm. The physical properties of different size range samples were examined by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, cold field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectrometry. The results showed that the carbon content of the median section (0.125–0.3 mm) fine slag had significant improvement compared with the other section fine slag. The carbon distribution of the +0.125 mm fine slag was concentrated, while the carbon distribution of −0.125 mm was dispersed and closely mixed with minerals. The content of trace elements Cr, Mn, Ni, V, Cd, Pb, and Mo was determined by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry, and the correlation between minerals and trace elements of different particle size-graded fine slag was evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. The results suggested that high vaporization temperature and metallic oxide forms of trace elements had a strong correlation with feldspar.

Preparation and characterization of nano-Fe3O4/paraffin encapsulated isocyanate microcapsule by electromagnetic controlled rupture for self-healing cementitious materials

In this paper, a novel electromagnetic controlled rupture microcapsule (ECRM) with ultrahigh self-healing capability was prepared by melt condensation method, whose shell was constructed by nano-Fe3O4 and paraffin, and whose core was toluene-di-isocyanate (TDI). Effect of paraffin/TDI mass ratio on core fraction of ECRM was investigated. The morphology, particle size distribution and component identification of ECRM were characterized by cold field emission scanning electron microscope (CFE-SEM), laser particle analyzer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), respectively. Subsequently, the effects of ECRM on mechanical propertyand self-healing ability of mortars were evaluated. The results showed that the paraffin/TDI mass ratio delivered a major impact on core fraction of ECRM. The core fraction of ECRM was 65.3% when the mass ratio of paraffin/TDI was 1:2. The particle size distribution of ECRM mainly ranged from 60 μm to 1258 μm with 600 rpm agitation rate. The ECRM exhibited ellipsoidal with a rough surface. FTIR confirmed the successfully encapsulation of TDI in the shell of paraffin and nano-Fe3O4. In addition, ECRM containing 10 wt% nano-Fe3O4 can be heated to higher than 60 ℃ under electromagnetic field (output voltage: 600 V, field frequency: 124 kHz) for 500 s. Compared to the control mortar, the compressive strength and the flexural strength of mortar showed positive correlation with the ECRM dosage increasing (0 to 4 wt%). The reserved ratio of compressive strength of damaged mortar containing 6% ECRM with 60% compressive strength preload was 91.4% after self-healing for 30 min under electromagnetic field and curing for 24 h at room temperature. This work is anticipated to afford new insights for solving rupture problems of microcapsules in self-healing cementitious materials.

Identification of Fungi in the Debitterizing Water of Apricot Kernels and Their Preliminary Evaluation on Degrading Amygdalin

Debitterizing water contains a great amount of amygdalin, a potential toxic compound, so it is mandatory the degradation of amygdalin to reduce the water’s toxicity and environmental pollution. In this paper, the suspended mycelia in debitterizing water were firstly investigated by digital microscope, cold field emission scanning electron microscope, and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) high-throughput sequencing. Thereafter, the degradation of commercial amygdalin by the identified species was assessed by determining the changes of amygdalin content and the β-glucosidase activity. The results indicate that the mycelia matched with genus of lower fungi, mainly including Irpex, Trichoderma and white rot fungus. Among them, Irpex lacteus had a definite promoting effect on the degradation of amygdalin, which was not caused by producing β-glucosidase, and the suitable degrading colony numbers ranged from 6.4 × 106 CFU/mL to 6.4 × 107 CFU/mL. In conclusion, this research might provide a potential novel approach to treat debitterizing water, so as to reduce the water pollution in the processing industry of apricot kernels.

Continuity and diversity of Roman pottery production at Famars (northern France) in the 2nd–4th centuries AD: insights from the pottery waste

Grey and cream ware were widely produced and traded in Roman towns in Northern France (a region known as Civitas Nerviorum). A large production centre of grey and cream ware in northern France was Famars, where 15 pottery kilns functioned between the 2nd and 4th centuries ad. In order to identify the raw materials and to reconstruct the technology of grey and cream ware produced at Famars, 51 sherds found in the pottery waste, associated with kilns, were investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, cold field emission scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis. The optical microscopy analysis allowed to define the Quartz (Qz), Microfossil-Glauconite (MFG) and Quartz-Microfossil-Glauconite (QzMFG) petrographic groups, as well as the Quartz + Argillaceous Rocks Fragments (QZ + ARF), Microfossil-Glauconite Fine (MFG Fine) and Microfossil-Glauconite + Chamotte (MFG + Chm) variants. The defining components for all groups are quartz, glauconite pellets and microfossils, but in variable proportions. The chemical data support the optical microscopy analysis and reveal the differences between the petrographic groups: Qz sherds are rich in Si and Fe, whereas MFG sherds contain more Ca, Al and K. Firing phases, as seen in scanning electron microscopy analysis, include glass, melilite, clinopyroxene and an Fe aluminosilicate. The matrix of most sherds of the MFG and QzMFG groups shows low sintering and initial vitrification, while the matrix of the Qz group displays mostly extensive and continuous vitrification. The results permitted to identify two kinds of raw materials, most likely originating from local georesources. One raw material, with high Si and Fe, was fired in a reducing kiln atmosphere in order to produce grey ware, while the other, with high Ca, Al and K, was fired in oxidising conditions in order to produce cream ware.

Effect of chloride ions in acid and salt solutions on self-repairing ability and corrosion performance of titanium dioxide-fluorosiloxane superhydrophobic coating

Impressive performance of the superhydrophobic coatings has attracted a wide research attention. In this study, a titanium dioxide-fluorosiloxane superhydrophobic coating has been developed on the stainless steel plates via brush coating of the sol. The surface morphology, surface roughness and chemical composition of the coating were systematically studied by cold field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), 3d microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The self-healing ability and mechanism for the coating were analyzed in a chloride ion environment, and the electrochemical behaviors were studied by the polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate that the superhydrophobic surface is slightly damaged after anodic polarization and reprocessing, yet it is noted to maintain its superhydrophobicity.

Permeability measurement and discovery of dissociation process of hydrate sediments

The study on the permeability of methane hydrates in fine quartz sands contributes to the accurate prediction of gas/water production and can effectively express the characteristics of fluid migration. In this study, the water effective permeability (kw) of methane hydrates in three fine quartz sands containing various hydrate saturation (SH) were carried out under steady water injection and production. Experimental results indicated that the effect of particle sizes on kw was significant even though the difference in the average particle size of three fine quartz sands was relatively limited. The differential pressure of the hydrate sediments was completely recorded during permeability measurement, and the stabilization and decomposition process of hydrate could be clearly represented by differential pressure. The kw increased rapidly with the decomposition of hydrate and the appearance of flow channel in the hydrate sediments. Hydrate dissociation process was recorded in situ by Cold Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (CFE–SEM), the dissociation of hydrates in pore space was clearly visible, and the hydrates in pore space were first dissociated into many small regions. A new reduction model between water relative permeability (krw) and SH was proposed on the basis of experimental results, and the experimental data fitted well with hydrates occupying pore centers. The effect of particle sizes on krw was eliminated, the Archie saturation exponent n tended to increase with the increase of SH, and n was recommended between 20 and 30.

The f-ratio quantification method applied to standard minerals with a cold field emission SEM/EDS

The f-ratio method is a standard-based quantification method which was originally developed based on a cold field emission scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectroscopy (CFE-SEM/EDS) system. It incorporates traditional EDS experiments and Monte Carlo simulations, and standards with known compositions are needed to calibrate the differences between them. However, as a new quantification method, the f-ratio method still requires extensive validations to be performed in different systems. In this study, the f-ratio method was used to analyze three certified minerals: kyanite (Al2SiO5), albite (NaAlSi3O8) and orthoclase (KAlSi3O8), and the option of standards was extended to any standard specimen containing the target elements. The effects of standards and beam energies on the calibration factors and the quantification results were discussed, and no significant influence was observed. The quantification results were also compared with the conventional standardless analysis and the standard-based k-ratio method, and the results show the f-ratio method is capable to achieve both the merits of a satisfactory accuracy and simple experimental procedures.

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) with a cold-field emission scanning electron microscope at low accelerating voltage in transmission mode

A commercial electron energy-loss spectrometer (EELS) attached to a high-resolution cold-field emission scanning electron microscope in transmission mode (STEM) is evaluated and its potential for characterizing materials science thin specimens at low accelerating voltage is reviewed. Despite the increased beam radiation damage at SEM voltages on sensitive compounds, we describe some potential applications which benefit from lowering the primary electrons voltage on less-sensitive specimens. We report bandgap measurements on several dielectrics which were facilitated by the lack of Cherenkov radiation losses at 30 kV. The possibility of volume plasmon imaging to probe local composition changes in complex materials was demonstrated using energy-filtered STEM, either via spectrum imaging or elemental mapping using the “three-windows” method. As plasmonic materials are increasing used for energy, electronics or biomedical applications, the ability of reliably evaluate their properties at low accelerating voltage in a SEM is very appealing and is demonstrated. The energy resolution of the spectrometer, taken as the full width at half maximum of the zero-loss peak, was routinely measured at around 0.55 eV and it is demonstrated that t/λ ratios up to 1.5 allowed practical EEL spectroscopy at 30 kV.

Composition, technology and provenance of Roman pottery from Napoca (Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

ABSTRACTSecond-century CE (common era) household pottery sherds found in the city of Napoca (present day Cluj-Napoca, Romania) in Roman Dacia were investigated by polarized light optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and cold field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to obtain information on technology, raw materials and site of production. Compositionally, all samples are similar with comparable fine and semi-fine microstructures and oriented microtextures. Optically, there is a gradual transition from microcrystalline to an amorphous illitic-muscovitic matrix. The small aplastic inclusions are mostly quartz and feldspar. Fine-grained carbonate aggregates are distributed inhomogeneously in the ceramic body. Well-preserved Middle Miocene foraminifera tests are characteristic of the ceramics. The gradual thermal changes of the matrix and the newly formed phases upon firing, such as ‘ceramic melilite’, Fe-gehlenite, clinopyroxene, glass, hematite and some maghemite support inferences regarding the technological constraints in producing the pottery. The firing took place in a mostly oxidizing atmosphere and the temperature extended from at least 850°C to >900°C. The Middle Miocene marly clay from the area surrounding the site shows similar mineralogical and micropalaeontological contents to those of the ceramic specimens and is the best candidate for the raw material used for local production of the Roman pottery.

Preparation, physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of biodegradable poly(ether-ester-urethane) and chitosan oligosaccharide composites

In the paper, novel composites of biodegradable poly(ether-ester-urethane) (PEEU) and water-soluble chitosan oligosaccharide (CHO) were prepared using a simple physical mixing method and their potential application as biomaterials was assessed. The PEEU and CHO were dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide to get a homogenous solution, then the composite films were obtained by the solvent evaporation method. The composites were characterized by FT-IR, and the influence of CHO content on the physicochemical properties of the composite films, including thermal properties, surface morphologies, mechanical properties, surface and bulk hydrophilicity, and in vitro biodegradability, were researched. The thermal stability studies indicated that the composite films had lower initial decomposition temperature and higher maximum decomposition temperature than PEEU film. Only one broad endothermic peak found in DSC curves demonstrated the high compatibility of CHO with PEEU. The ultimate stress and elongation at break of composite films decreased with the increment of CHO content, and the CHO content in the composites should be controlled no more than 25 wt% in order to maintain the mechanical properties (ultimate stress: 18.5 MPa; elongation at break: 890%) to meet the requirement of implant materials. The surface morphologies of composite films were observed by cold field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and the results indicated that the homogeneous-dispersed composites could be obtained with CHO content being less than 20 wt%. The results of water contact angle and water absorption showed that the surface and bulk hydrophilicity were closely related with the water-solubility of CHO component. In vitro degradation studies showed that the degradation rate increased with the increasing content of CHO in composites, indicating that the degradation rate of composite films could be controlled by adjusting CHO content. The surface blood compatibility of the composite films was examined by bovine serum albumin adsorption and platelet adhesion tests. It was found that composite films had improved resistance to protein adsorption and possessed excellent resistance to platelet adhesion.