Cm In Size Research Articles

Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Alami Yang Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Mas (Chyprinus carpio)

Goldfish belong to the omnivorous group and are influenced by the factor of giving lemna and have a specific development rate of 2.00%. one of the obstacles to fish farming is the quality of feed that does not match what is needed for fish so that it affects the food chain in fish. This study aims to determine the feeding of different natural foods (Silkworms, Cladocera, and Magot) on the growth and survival of goldfish (Cyprinus carpio). This research was conducted at the Tatelu Freshwater Aquaculture Center (BPBAT), Dimembe District, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, on January 19, 2023. North Sulawesi, from January 19, 2023 to March 02, 2023. The research method was experimental using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications, the treatment consisted of MAS FISH (Cyprinus carpio) fed with natural food Silkworm (Tubifex sp), Cladocera, and Magot (Hermatila illuces). The fry used were 3-5 cm in size and reared in a 60x40x40 cm aquarium with a density of 20 fish/48 L of water for 42 days of rearing. The results showed that the growth rate and survival rate of goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) fry fed with natural food Silkworm (Tubifex sp), Cladocera, and Magot (Hermatila illuces).

Radial Sclerosing Lesion (Radial Scar): Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation.

Radial sclerosing lesions (RS, also referred to as "radial scars") and complex sclerosing lesions (CSL) are uncommon breast lesions often grouped together as a single entity in practice. RS/CSL have an incidence of <0.1% to 1% at core needle biopsy (CNB). When detected on CNB, imaging and pathology features must be carefully evaluated to determine appropriate surgical management or imaging follow-up due to potential for malignant upgrade at surgery. Detection of RS/CSL has increased with the advent of tomosynthesis, in which an RS/CSL is typically detected as architectural distortion with or without associated mass with spiculated margins. On US, an RS/CSL is most often occult or manifests as subtle distortion with adjacent cysts. Imaging findings cannot distinguish benign RS/CSL from those upgraded to malignancy at surgery, although larger lesion size may be associated with higher upgrade rates. Histologically, an RS has a central fibroelastotic nidus with entrapped-appearing ducts and proliferative changes at the periphery appearing to radiate from the center; CSL are larger than RS, more disorganized, and typically include multiple patterns of epithelial proliferations, including sclerosing adenosis, sclerosing papillomas, usual ductal hyperplasia, and cysts. RS/CSL with associated atypia at CNB have a 16%to 29% rate of upgrade to malignancy on surgical excision, thus rendering surgical excision essential. Conversely, an RS/CSL without associated atypia, particularly when ≤1 cm in size, has <3% rate of upgrade to malignancy at surgery, allowing consideration of imaging follow-up in lieu of excision. Here, we review recent literature as well as radiology and pathology findings of RS/CSL.

Pertumbuhan Ikan Komet (Carassius auratus) pada Sistem Vertiqua dengan Menggunakan Biofikal Filter

The growth of comet fish (Carassius auratus) in the vertiqua system using a biofical filter is motivated by limited land and water which can cause low water quality to affect the growth rate of fish. The utilization of technology needs to be done to overcome these problems and the technology used is vertiqua. Previous research showed that comet fish in the vertiqua system produced slow growth rates and had high ammonia levels. Therefore, vertiqua was modified in the filter section to become a biofical filter. The purpose of this research is to test the effectiveness of comet fish growth in the vertiqua system using a biofical filter. The benefits of this research are that the vertiqua system using a biofical filter can be a solution to overcome the problem of limited land and water, become a support for system cultivation innovation, and become a reference for further research. This research method uses descriptive methods, observation and interviews. The comet fish used in the study were 3-4 cm in size. The results of this study indicate that the vertiqua system using a biofical filter is still not effective in supporting fish growth. The growth rate of comet fish in the vertiqua system is significantly different from that in the soil pond and the growth rate of comet fish in the vertiqua system is lower than that of comet fish in the soil pond. Ammonia value is relatively high from the quality standard (&gt;0.05). However, this system is able to maintain good fish survival and good water quality, especially in temperature, pH, and DO.

A case report of a rare incidence adnexal nodular hidradenoma mimicking as simple ganglion cyst in hand

Soft tissue swelling of hand is a common condition presenting in orthopedic outpatient department (OPD). Simple ganglion cyst is the most prevalent presenting disorder among the various differential diagnoses for this ailment, which include ganglion cyst, inclusion cyst, giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, enchondroma, carpal bossing, leiomyoma, and adnexal tumors. A 75-year-old male patient presented with soft tissue swelling over dorsum of his left hand, which was insidious in onset and painless in nature at initial stages, but over the past 6 months it grew over to become of approximately 7×3 cm in size, and now causing slight pain and discomfort to patient. Primary investigation like X-ray, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done. Clinical and radiological investigation was suggestive of simple ganglion cyst. So patient was operated for it as surgical excision and tissue biopsy was sent for histological examination to arrive at definitive diagnosis of the condition and further line of management. Histological finding of tissue biopsy was suggestive of adnexal nodular hidradenoma with nodular and cystic areas of differentiation. Thus, before drawing a final diagnosis, a rare tumor like adnexal hidradenoma should also be taken into account as a differential diagnosis. This aids in the planning of the patient's future course of treatment. This instance emphasizes the significance of tracing reports prior to repeat surgery and submitting biopsies of all hand lesions for histological testing.

Optimum sensor configuration for a distributed fiber-optic calorimetric dosimeter

Optimum sensor configuration for a distributed fiber-optic calorimetric dosimeter

Establishment of a Best Practice Recommendation (BPR) for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in a Large Multi-State Radiology Practice: Adoption and Impact

Purpose of the study: To evaluate the performance of Best Practice Recommendation (BPR) compliance in reporting abdominal aortic aneurysm findings on imaging, comparing the results before and after its deployment. Methods: Best Practice Recommendations for AAA were deployed in 2020 at a large radiology practice site. Reports between January 2018 through October 2022 were reviewed, representing studies read prior to and subsequent to the implementation of the reporting standards. Cases of abdominal aortic aneurysms ≥ 2.6 cm were counted by year. Adherence to the BPR for each year was calculated as [total number of confirmed cases of ≥ 2.6 cm AAAs with compliant reports] * 100 / [the total number of confirmed ≥ 2.6 cm AAAs]. A secondary analysis was performed to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of BPR-compliant reports for AAA cases before (from 2018 to 2019) and after (from 2020 to 2022) BPR deployment using a chi-square test. Results: From January 2018 to December 2022, there were 8,693 reports referencing AAA. After excluding cases of suspected AAA (N = 2,131), confirmed AAAs with indeterminate sizes (N = 103), and confirmed AAAs with sizes &lt; 2.6 cm (N = 85), the number of AAA cases ≥ 2.6 cm in size was 6,374. Concordance with the BPR standards for the remaining cases with sizes ≥ 2.6 cm were 1.6% and 4.1% in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Post-implementation of BPRs, there was a substantial improvement in guideline adherence to 32.1%, 84.3%, and 83.6% in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively. In general, the proportion of BPR-compliant reports of AAA cases in the pre-deployment (3.6%) period statistically differs (p - value &lt; 0.0001) from those in the post-deployment period (73.9%) Conclusion: Adherence to reporting standards increased after the BPR deployment in 2020. The inclusion of management recommendations in the radiology report when AAA is identified is a simple and cost-effective way of improving outcomes for patients with AAAs through appropriate follow-up treatment.

Epidemiologic trends in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma from 2011 to 2021 at All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Rehabilitation Training Center (ALERT) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Epidemiologic trends in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma from 2011 to 2021 at All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Rehabilitation Training Center (ALERT) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Correlation Between the Number of Pathological Risk Factors and Postoperative Prognosis in Patients with Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Although visceral pleural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, tumor spread through air spaces, and poor differentiation are pathological risk factors associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, the cumulative impact of these factors on prognosis remains unclear. We enrolled 1532 patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Patients were divided according to the number of risk factors as follows: Group A (without risk factors), Group B (one risk factor), and Group C (multiple risk factors). Moreover, we stratified patients into two subgroups based on tumor size (≤ 3cm, 3-4cm). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Overall, 949, 404, and 179 patients were included in Groups A, B, and C, respectively. Group C had a larger tumor size and more cases of extrathoracic recurrence than the other groups. The 5-year DFS and OS gradually decreased across Groups A to C (DFS: 94.3%, 80.6%, and 64.3%, respectively, p < 0.001; OS: 97.2%, 92.7%, and 77%, respectively, p < 0.001). A similar trend was observed for tumors ≤ 3cm in size (DFS: 95.2%, 83.2%, and 68.5%, respectively, p < 0.001; OS: 97.6%, 94.1%, and 79.6%, respectively, p < 0.001), but a less pronounced trend was observed for tumors between 3 and 4 cm in size (DFS: 72.1, 60.8, and 43.3%, respectively, p = 0.054; OS: 85.7, 82.1, and 64.7%, respectively, p = 0.16). Postoperative survival worsened with increasing pathological risk factors in patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma, especially those with tumor size ≤ 3cm.

Papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland: Evaluation of TERT and BRAFV-600E expression and their relationship with clinicopathological findings

Papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland: Evaluation of TERT and BRAFV-600E expression and their relationship with clinicopathological findings

Single-Incision Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Resection of Adrenal Tumors in Children

Single-Incision Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Resection of Adrenal Tumors in Children

Swollen speech: a case study of tongue abscess detected via imaging technology

BackgroundA tongue abscess is a rare but serious condition marked by a localized accumulation of pus within the tongue’s tissues. Despite the tongue’s frequent exposure to trauma, bites, and foreign objects, it typically resists infections. However, an acute lingual abscess can be life-threatening due to the risk of airway obstruction from tongue swelling. Common symptoms include increasing pain, fever, swelling, immobility, edema, and redness of the tongue. The case report aimed to highlight the unusual clinical presentation and location of a deep-seated abscess in the anterior third of the tongue, as well as the radiographic approach to diagnosing the lesion.Case presentationA 30-year-old female patient presented with sudden onset tongue pain and swelling persisting for 4–5 days. Clinical examination revealed a solitary diffuse swelling in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, approximately 3 × 2 cm in size. Diagnostic imaging, including a plain radiograph, ultrasound (USG), and MRI, was conducted. The patient was hospitalized for incision and drainage of the abscess, followed by a 5-day course of intravenous antibiotics.ConclusionsA tongue abscess, though rare, is a serious condition indicated by tongue swelling, pain, fever, dysphagia, and dyspnea. Diagnosis involves physical examinations and imaging studies like ultrasound or MRI. Immediate treatment includes maintaining airway patency, draining the abscess, and administering broad-spectrum antibiotics. Prompt recognition and treatment are essential to prevent severe complications such as airway obstruction and sepsis. Regular follow-up ensures complete resolution and prevents recurrence.

Definitive limitation of orbit prediction error for laser-based debris removal

Definitive limitation of orbit prediction error for laser-based debris removal

Anterior Urethral Rupture with Extravasation of Urine to Penis and Scrotum: A case report

Urethral Trauma is a discontinuity of urethra which caused by external stress (pelvic fracture or straddle injury) or internal stress (catheter placement, urological procedures). There are several suitable techniques, including immediate exploration or urine diversion. The treatment used depend on the cause of the rupture, rupture length, as well as anatomical position of the rupture. A 46-year-old male suddenly presented with swollen penile and testicle after 1 day of hospitalization. One day before, patient suffers in high-speed motorcycle accident and sustains blunt trauma to the perineal area, hitting the handle bar of the motorcycle and brought to the emergency department. There was a palpable bladder distension during physical exam, with penis and scrotum enlargement. Laboratory findings show elevated WBC and elevated creatinine level. Urinalization test was within normal limit. Partial laceration found during urethroscopy approximately &lt;1cm in size. Scrotal drainage and exploration are conducted due to scrotum being swollen progressively. There is uncertainty regarding these symptoms to be interpreted as a urethral injury because some of the classical symptoms are missing, although patient showed with palpable bladder distension. Due to the swollen penis and scrotum which are enlarged progressively, urethroscopy and scrotal exploration was performed. Small laceration on the bulbar area of the urethra is found, indicating anterior urethral rupture, the laceration is treated conservatively with the placement of transurethral catheter. Scrotal exploration then performed which pus and extravasation of urine is found within the scrotum. The precision on determining anterior urethral rupture as a diagnosis decides the management, prognosis and complication rate of anterior urethral rupture. Although, the initial urethral trauma management remains disputed, a bulbous urethral rupture with a complication of extravasation of urine into the penis and scrotum can be treated effectively with urine diversion and scrotal exploration Urethral Rupture

APPLICATION OF AUGMENTED REALITY TECHNOLOGY AS A LEARNING MEDIA

Augmented Reality (AR) is a concept of combining virtual reality with world reality. The benefits of technology at this time have greatly influenced human life, with the creation of sophisticated machines or tools that humans use to achieve human needs. Augmented Reality is an environment that incorporates virtual 3D objects into a real environment. Augmented Reality is growing very rapidly so that it supports the development of this application in various fields including learning media. Elementary school students find it difficult to understand the material of geometry, because without teaching aids students are only able to imagine or imagine the object of the geometry. Because this requires a learning application for geometry by applying Android-based Augmented Reality technology that can display 3d space shapes along with elements and formulas that apply to the material. Seeing these objectives, the researcher took the type of Research and Development Method or what in English is called R&amp;D (Research and Development), which is a method used to produce a certain product and test the effectiveness of the product (Sugiyono, 2009: 297). The calculation method uses the one-way ANOVA method. The trial was carried out at SD Islam Pasuruan. It was tested on students in grades VI A and B and 18 participants were taken randomly and divided into 3 groups consisting of 6 students in each group. The results obtained from the calculation analysis using one-way Anova with F_count = 4.68 greater than F table = 3.68 with a significant level of 5% (0.05). Furthermore, the Scheffe test was performed to compare the values between groups. With the results, the first group (5.30) has a greater value than the second (2.65) and third (2.652) groups. This application can be installed and running on all types of android used in testing, and the recommended best distance between mobile devices to detect markers is 40 cm - 90 cm for all marker sizes, namely 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm in size.

OCTS-01 DOSE ESCALATION FOR PREOPERATIVE STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY FOR PATIENTS WITH LARGE BRAIN METASTASES

Abstract PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) We conducted a prospective phase I preoperative radiosurgery dose escalation trial for brain metastases greater than 2 cm. We report updated results with known prognostic variables. MATERIALS/METHODS Radiosurgery dose was escalated at 3 Gy increments for 3 cohorts based on maximum tumor diameter. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as grade 3 or greater acute toxicity. Patients underwent surgical resection within 2 weeks and were followed with imaging and neurological evaluations every 3 months. RESULTS A total of 35 patients were enrolled. The most common histology was NSCLC (57.1%), followed by breast cancer (14.3%). Only 12 out of 35 patients had actionable mutations and received targeted therapy and/or immunotherapy. 13 (37%) underwent piecemeal resection. 7 (20%) were infratentorial. There were 3 DLTs: 2 in the &amp;gt;3-4 cm cohort and 1 in the &amp;gt;4-6 cm cohort. For &amp;gt;3-4 cm, the maximum tolerable dose (MTD) was 18 Gy (2nd dose level), and for &amp;gt;4-6 cm, 18 Gy (3rd dose level). Time to DLT occurred within 2 days to 2 months of surgery. With a median follow-up of 64.0 months, the 6- and 12-month local control rates were 85.9% and 76.6%, respectively. The 6- and 12-month distant brain control was 63.1% and 55.3%, respectively. Overall survival at 6 and 12 months was 82.9% and 59.0%. The rate of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) at 2 years was 0%. CONCLUSION Preoperative SRS with dose escalation followed by surgical resection for brain metastases greater than 2 cm in size demonstrates acceptable acute toxicity. The Phase II portion of the trial is accruing patients with tumor size &amp;gt;3-6 cm at 18Gy.

A Prediction Model for Assessing the Efficacy of Thermal Ablation in Treating Benign Thyroid Nodules ≥ 2 cm: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study

A Prediction Model for Assessing the Efficacy of Thermal Ablation in Treating Benign Thyroid Nodules ≥ 2 cm: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study

Routine colonoscopy with a surprise in the cecum: It's a giant appendicolith! A Case report and review of the literature.

Giant appendicoliths (defined as appendiceal stones larger than 2 cm in size) are rare findings, with less than 20 well-documented reported cases. Appendicoliths, in general, are linked to an increased risk of appendicitis and associated complications. However, little information is available on the clinical impact of giant appendicoliths. We present a case of a giant appendicolith accidentally discovered during screening colonoscopy. With more than 4 cm, this appendicolith is one of the largest of the few reported so far. In contrast to all other cases of giant appendicoliths, the patient did not exhibit any symptoms. Additionally, we provide an overview of giant appendicolith cases, discussing their clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.

Non-Surgical Treatment of Residual Cyst in Maxillary Anterior Region of an 11-year-old Patient: A Case Report

We aim to report a case of residual cyst in an 11-year-old male patient, which was treated by marsupialization as a conservative alternative to surgical enucleation. An 11-year-old male patient reported to our department with a painless swelling of approximately 1.5x1 cm in size intraorally, both in the maxillary right buccal and palatal region for about 1 month. On fine needle aspiration, a yellow-coloured highly viscous fluid was observed which on histopathological examination revealed an infected cyst. This along with the clinical examination and history confirmed the diagnosis of a residual cyst. Marsupialization was chosen as a conservative treatment due to the size of the cyst and the age of the patient. Weekly follow-up and dressing change were carried out for 6 months which lead to a complete resolution of the cyst with continuous normal development of the occlusion. No adverse effects such as fever, infection, or pus discharge were seen at any time during treatment. We have been able to design a treatment protocol which has provided us with a nonsurgical solution for large cystic lesions in growing patients without adverse effects for the complete duration of treatment. Marsupialization should be considered as a treatment option for large residual cysts, especially in pediatric patients. Key Words - Marsupialization, Maxilla, Mixed dentition, Residual cyst

Small Cell Lung Cancer in a Young, Non-Smoker Patient

Introduction: A single lung nodule (SPN) is defined as a solitary lung opacification less than 3 cm in size. In particular, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) affects more patients, older and heavy smokers. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the chest followed by a f-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and the pathology examinations are the main ones that determine the diagnosis. Case Report: A young patient, 33 years old, a non-smoking male mining engineer, presented to the clinic with a dry cough that started after a viral situation. No other known comorbidities and family history of lung cancer. A routine chest x-ray was ordered, where an apical round opacity in the apex of the right lung was seen. Sputum for mycobacterium tuberculosis was done and came back negative. A chest scan with contrast showed a solitary pulmonary nodule in the apex of the right lung with well-demarcated contours with dimensions 28 x 22 mm. Given that the dimensions of the nodule were large and not specific for benign pathology, a PET/CT was ordered, which confirmed the nodule resulted in an SUV over that 4.5, which was also not specific for lung TB. The histologic examination of the nodule was done then, and the result, unfortunately, was a small cell lung cancer in the right lung. Conclusion: SCLC is found to be a mass lesion in the lungs in most cases. Differential diagnosis between lung tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer in such cases is an excellent dilemma for pulmonologists and radiologists.

Management of renal artery aneurysms: A retrospective study.

Although renal artery aneurysms (RAAs) are rare and often asymptomatic with slow growth, their natural progression and optimal management are not well understood. Treatment recommendations for RAAs do exist; however, they are supported by limited data. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to explore the management of patients diagnosed with an RAA at our institution from January 1st, 2013, to December 31st, 2020. Patients were identified through a search of our radiological database, followed by a comprehensive chart review for further assessment. Data collection encompassed patient and aneurysm characteristics, the rationale for initial imaging, treatment, surveillance, and all-cause mortality. One hundred eighty-five patients were diagnosed with or treated for RAAs at our center during this timeframe, with most aneurysms having been discovered incidentally. Average aneurysm size was 1.40cm (±0.05). Of those treated, the mean size was 2.38cm (±0.24). Among aneurysms larger than 3cm in size, comprising 3.24% of the total cases, 83.3% underwent treatment procedures. Only 20% of women of childbearing age received treatment for their aneurysms. There was one instance of aneurysm rupture, with no associated mortality or significant morbidity. Our institution's management of RAAs over the period of the study generally aligned with guidelines. One potential area of improvement is more proactive intervention for women of childbearing age.