Clothing Color Research Articles

Determination of Optimum Threshold for Accuracy of People-counting System Based on Motion Detection

Objectives: A people-counting system measures real-time occupancy through motion detection. Accurate peoplecounting can be used to calculate suitable ventilation demands. This study determined the optimum motion threshold for a people-counting system. Methods: In a closed room with two occupants moving constantly, different thresholds were tested for the accuracy of a people-counting system. The experiments were conducted at 150, 300, 450 and 600 lux. These levels of brightness included the illumination levels of most public indoor areas. The experiments were repeated with three types of clothing coloration. Results: Overall, a threshold of 16 provided the lowest mean error percentage for the people-counting system. Brightness and clothing color did not have a significant impact on the results. Conclusion: A people-counting system could be used with threshold of 16 for most indoor environments.

Experimental investigation of radiation effect on human thermal comfort by Taguchi method

In this study, the effect of radiation heat flux of lighting lamps on human thermal comfort was investigated by using Taguchi method. In addition, at indoor conditions, clothing color and posture position under the radiation effect on thermal comfort were also investigated. For this purpose, experiments were performed in an air conditioned laboratory room in summer and autumn seasons. The amount of temperature rise on the back was considered as performance parameter. An L8 orthogonal array was selected as an experimental plan for the third parameters mentioned above for summer and autumn seasons. The results were analyzed for the optimum conditions using signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and ANOVA method.The optimum results were found to be clear halogen lamp as lighting lamp, white as t-shirt color, standing as posture position, in summer season. The optimum levels of the lighting lamp, t-shirt color and posture position were found to be clear halogen lamp, white, sitting in autumn season, respectively.

“A boy cannot marry another boy”: adolescent boys' talk about ‘gay’ boys at school

This study explored how black South African adolescent boys talk about ‘gay’1 in schools. Thirty two boys (age ranged from 13–18 years old) attending two high schools in a historically black South African township took part. Data on their understanding of being gay were gathered using individual interviews and focus group discussions. The data were analysed using Edley and Wetherell's (2001) discursive interpretive framework. Findings suggest negative bias in the boys' attitudes towards ‘gay’ boys. The boys considered being ‘gay’ as ‘deviant’, ‘abnormal’, ‘un-Christian’ and ‘un-African’. Furthermore, ‘straight’2 boys reported isolating themselves from ‘gay’ boys and avoiding practices stereotypically associated with being ‘gay’, such as wearing colorful pink clothes. Social constructions of hegemonic masculinity and homophobia appear present within an ordinary South African school setting.

Color Culture and Clothes of Japanese Heian Period

Color Culture and Clothes of Japanese Heian Period

Skin and Clothes Matching Seeded by Color System Selection

This work has designed an automated system to recommend clothe for people based on their skin. Skin colors from various races were relate with a variety of clothing colors to obtain their harmonization value. This research involve 30 respondents through questionnaire to provide initial views to a variety of colors to match the skin color variation. Input from the respondents is then analyzed to choose the right color system to be linked with skin color. To determine the relationship between skin color and clothes color fuzzy logic rules were used. The system was then tested again to 30 respondents. The results showed that variations in skin color and clothing are best on a combination of Cr and Saturation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v14i1.7235

Effect of Ulmus Davidiana var. Japonica Nakai Extract on Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Dyed Cotton

This research verifies stainability, super bacteria antibacterial features and antibiotic resistance of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica Nakai (UD) extract in dye cotton cloth. UD was extracted with hot water, the test cloth dyed, and then processed by mordanting treatment using FeSO4 7H2O, CuSO4 5H2O and Al2(SO4)3. The surface color and color fastness of the three kinds (original cloth, the cloth without mordancy and mor- dant cloth) were measured and the influence of dying of cotton cloth and the mordant method on the gene- sistasis of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), antibiotic resistant bacteria. 1. The surface color of the cotton cloth for dyeing (without and with mordancy) displayed a reddish and yellowish color. Stainability was greatest when the mordant of FeSO4 7H2O was used. 2. When a mordant was not used for dyeing, the color fastness to washing, perspiration and friction of the contaminated cloth was satisfactory at 4 to 5 grade in general. 3. As for the antibiotic effect to super bacteria, the growth of germ was meaning- fully suppressed both on the cloth without and with mordancy compared to the comparison cloth; in addi- tion, the dyeing method with the biggest antibacterial impact was found to be the mordancy with the mor- dant of CuSO4 5H2O after dyeing. The results of the experiments that involved dyeing with UD extract showed that cotton cloth processed through mordancy with the mordant of CuSO4 5H2O had the biggest antibiosis to super bacteria and that processed with the mordant of FeSO4 7H2O had the greatest stainability.

Uncooperative Person Recognition Based on Stochastic Information Updates and Environment Estimators

We address the problem of uncooperative person recognition through continuous monitoring. Multiple modalities, such as face, height, clothes color, and voice, can be used when attempting to recognize a person. In general, not all modalities are available for a given frame; furthermore, only some modalities will be useful as some frames in a video sequence are of a quality that is too low to be able to recognize a person. We propose a method that makes use of stochastic information updates of temporal modalities and environment estimators to improve person recognition performance. The environment estimators provide information on whether a given modality is reliable enough to be used in a particular instance; such indicators mean that we can easily identify and eliminate meaningless data, thus increasing the overall efficiency of the method. Our proposed method was tested using movie clips acquired under an unconstrained environment that included a wide variation of scale and rotation; illumination changes; uncontrolled distances from a camera to users (varying from 0.5 m to 5 m); and natural views of the human body with various types of noise. In this real and challenging scenario, our proposed method resulted in an outstanding performance.

Identifying Sport Types and Postures with Complex Background by Fusion of Local Descriptors

Sport type classification and posture identification based on visual meaning of posture semantic in still images are challenging tasks. The difficulty of these tasks comes from the complex image content consisting of a player's posture, the color and texture of a player's clothes as well as complexity of the background. Player detection is one of the most important tasks in posture identification. For sport type classification without object segmentation, the new set of features, based on 64-bins color histogram, DCT coefficients, and Cb and Cr components, is introduced. To achieve high accuracy, an appropriate feature extraction technique should be also realized. For posture identification, three algorithms, concerning player region detection and suitable features for posture identification, are proposed namely blurred background elimination, irrelevant region elimination, and trimming players region. The DFT coefficients, based on image resizing and slicing techniques, are used as significant features in posture identification. Our proposed features were compared with Edge Histogram and Region-based Shape (EH and RS), two of MPEG-7 descriptors. The experimental results showed that our proposed features yielded better performance with 85.76% of accuracy in sport classification and 86.66% of accuracy in posture identification.

Digital colorimetric analysis of the Turin Shroud

By using the data collected in previous colorimetric studies, a quantitative digital image with ± 4% uncertainty relative to the color values, has been made. This goal was achieved by colors correction of a digitalized photograph performed through comparison with some published measurements in CIE XYZ color space. Starting from that image construction, a simply color measurement method was performed by using a common photographic software, and consequently allowing the construction of a colorimetric database of the main observable details of the Turin Shroud (TS). With this tools some analysis on TS colors were performed and interesting results were found: for example, it has been quantitatively demonstrated that the background cloth colors, gradually and continuously changes toward the typical shades of body image. From this work it has been also possible to distinguish colors differences between blood stains and the other stains which have proved to have of different origins.

つくばチャレンジ2013の課題を題材とした実環境におけるタスク遂行ロボットの開発

In Tsukuba Challenge 2013, every robot had to navigate on a given path and detect specific persons wearing showy color clothes. There are many ideal functions for achieving the mission. It is, however, difficult to implement all ideal functions since complex algorithms are required. This paper, therefore, considers simplified functions for achieving the mission even if complex algorithms are not implemented. Our robot can run long distance by using a unique localization method which uses both of magnetic and geometric landmarks. Moreover, it can detect the target based on a color extraction method. These abilities enable the robot to exactly work the simple functions. Through the experiments, it is shown that our robot can exactly achieve the given mission by using only the simplified functions.

A Study on the Fashion Images according to the Role Types of the Chinese First Ladies

The purpose of this study is to analyze types of roles and fashion of the Chinese first ladies and provide basic data for fashion image-making of first ladies. As for the research methods, the concepts, role types, and fashion of the first ladies were considered by referring to the precedent studies and relevant literature. Then, the fashion images according to role types were analyzed by collecting the photos of Chinese first ladies from the period of the Republic of China until today. The results were as follows: First, when the roles of Chinese first ladies were categorized based on ceremonial, political, and policy roles, Zhuo Lin and Wang Yeping played a ceremonial role; Wang Guangmei, Liu Yongqing, and Peng Liyuan played a political role; and Soong Qingling, Soong Mayling, and Jiang Qing played a policy role while they were first ladies. While the first ladies of the Republic of China often wore classic Chinese styles like traditional qipao as well as western clothes which contained a western influence, the first ladies of the People's Republic of China wore more colorful clothes and more accessories in the later period, and also often wore clothes that combined traditional and western elements. Second, first ladies who played a ceremonial role showed mannish and classic images; those who played a political role showed elegant, classic, and diverse images according to T.P.O; and those who played a policy role showed feminine, modern, and mannish images. Fashion images of the first ladies varied according to the level of political involvement, the sociocultural background of China at that time, and their personality and preference.

The Optimization on Safety Color of Work Clothing Based on Functional Color-arrangement Planning and Field Test

This study intended to propose a guideline designed to secure safety by developing a functional color design for the color of the ordinary working clothes worn in the actual industrial settings of the machine industry in national industrial complexes in Korea. For this, a total of 6 sets of actual working clothes were produced for test, using 2-color arrangements with blue, of varying brightness and chroma for top and bottom, in relation to the visibility proven in preceding studies and evaluated in the machine industry. Blue was suggested the best proper color for machine industry by previous studies. For the material of working clothes, a total of 111 swatches were collected from the Dongdaemoon Fabric Market, and they were analyzed for color values. A total of 6 materials were used to produce working clothes for testing, which represented high brightness, medium brightness, low brightness, high chroma, medium chroma, and low chroma. Clothes were tried at the industrial settings for machine industry in a national industrial complex located in Gyeongsangnam-do and the expert satisfaction evaluation was performed based on items related with safety. As a result, higher satisfaction was shown when the brightness difference of top and bottom clothes was greater, and for chroma, relatively higher satisfaction appeared when the chroma of both top and bottom clothes was high. To secure satisfaction for both brightness and chroma, it is possible to deduce that the 2-color arrangement using the strong tone with high brightness and high chroma and the dark tone with somewhat low brightness and high chroma would be effective. Top and bottom clothes in the same color with high chroma had high visibility but had somewhat low evaluation for harmonious arrangements. This indicated that the arrangement of vivid colors for top-bottom clothes is inappropriate.

Tom of Bedlam.

Tom of Bedlam.

When boys wear pink: A gendered color cue violation evokes risk taking.

A primary way to signal gender differences starting in infancy is via a clothing color cue (pink is for girls, not boys). We examined whether a violation of this seemingly innocuous gendered prescription would lead to differential decision making regarding infants’ health and well being. In Experiment 1, participants were given an adaptation of the Asian Disease Problem (Tversky & Kahneman, 1981) describing a flu outbreak expected to affect male infants, who were dressed in pink or blue. Participants tended to choose the risk-averse treatment for boys in blue, consistent with Tversky and Kahneman’s theorizing and findings. In contrast, participants tended to opt for the risk-taking treatment for boys in pink, consistent with research highlighting people’s tendency to place lower subjective value on the lives of individuals who belong to socially devalued groups. Experiment 2 ruled out a possible expectancy effect with a different natural category. We discuss the reification of clothing color for demarcating masculinity as a societal attempt at policing gender and situate the findings in a cognitive consistency framework.

The Garment Dyeing Technology and Folk Culture of Wuling Miao-Yao Branch

This paper studies the clothing color and dyeing technology of Wu Ling Miao-Yao, and discussing its relevant folk culture. From the perspective of geographical and climatic conditions, analysis the dyeing of raw material on the Miao Yao languages colored clothing. From the view of folk custom and technology, analysis the characteristics of garment dyeing technology and the process flow, especially the process of blue dress color which represents the main color of clothing, through the one by one explaining of the preparation of dyes, dye, indigo dyeing, after preparation consolidation of color, summing up the folk culture connotation of clothing color, aiming at exploring the plant dye resources, protecting the traditional folk culture, maintain the sustainable development of ecological environment.

노니 뿌리 추출물의 매염제 및 매염 조건별 실크 염색성 고찰

Morinda citrifolia, commercially known as Noni, is a tree that grows widely throughout the Pacific, and is recognized as one of the most significant sources of traditional medicines among Pacific Island societies. All parts of the plant have traditional and/or modern uses, including roots and bark(dyes, medicine), trunks(firewood, tools), and leaves and fruits(food, medicine). The bark and the roots of the tree contain red and yellow pigments respectively, which are both used in the manufacture of dyes. Dyes from Noni are being used traditionally, to color clothing and fabrics. In this study, mordanting effects on the dyeing properties of Noni root extract on silk fabrics were investigated.

노니 뿌리 추출물의 pH 조건별 실크 염색성 고찰

Morinda citrifolia, commercially known as Noni, is a tree that grows widely throughout the Pacific, and is recognized as one of the most significant sources of traditional medicines among Pacific Island societies. The bark and the roots of the tree contain red and yellow pigments respectively, which are both used in the manufacture of dyes. Dyes from Noni are being used traditionally, to color clothing and fabrics. In this study, dyeing properties of Noni root extracts on silk fabrics at various pH conditions were investigated.

Shopping under the Influence: Nonverbal Appearance‐Based Communicator Cues Affect Consumer Judgments

ABSTRACTResearchers have conducted much work to examine the influence of advertising, branding, product appearance, and store layout on consumer judgments in retail contexts. Very limited research, in comparison, has assessed the impact of nonverbal employee cues on retail communication. The present work therefore examined the influence of nonverbal, dominance‐related communicator cues on perceivers’ judgments of information delivered by the communicator. Specifically, this research assessed the impact of communicator clothing color (Studies 1a–1c) and facial width‐to‐height ratio (Study 2) on perceived information accuracy. Perceivers judged the information presented by the communicator to be more accurate when the communicator (a) was wearing red rather than white or blue, or (b) possessed a high versus low facial width‐to‐height ratio. Thus, although explicit information in the retail environment undoubtedly affects consumers’ judgments, they may also be influenced by more subtle cues.

한국 영부인 의상의 디자인 유형과 미적 특성

This study considers types of design expression and examines aesthetic characteristics by analyzing images shown on clothes worn by Korean First Ladies. This study is to accumulate a fundamental database for the effective style coordination for images of First Ladies and future directions of clothing design. The types of design expression on the clothes of Korean First Ladies are as follows. First, in terms of silhouette, H line and A line is generally represented on the silhouette of clothes; in addition, the H line is highly expressed on the silhouette. The keyword of images by design types are generally feminine, elegant on the silhouette of First Ladies' clothing, and represented a progressively more modernized image on the silhouette. Second, in terms of color, it is expressed diverse images on the color of First Ladies' clothing, and exceptionally the tendency of elegant image is highly charged on the color of clothes. This sort of tendency is influenced by the preferences of First Ladies; subsequently, most First Ladies wear their clothes with a high brightness and chroma. Third, in terms of materials, the image of elegant and simple is highly expressed through First Ladies' clothes and it is caused by choosing the clothes of a plain texture rather than a visible and fancy one. The aesthetic characteristics based on an analysis of the types of design expression on the clothes of Korean First Ladies are as follows. First, 'femininity' on First Ladies' clothes is expressed by A line silhouette of a feminine curve and decorative effects. Second, 'simplicity' on First Ladies' clothes is expressed on the H line silhouette of a straight figure or through the solid colors of high chroma. Third, 'elegance' on First Ladies' clothes is represented on the silhouette of a restrained curve, long skirt hemlines, and woolen fabric with a neat, warm and soft coordination of colors. Forth, 'traditionality' on First Ladies' clothes is expressed through the application of materials and colors that influence culture, traditions, and detailed decorativeness.

Assistive Clothing Pattern Recognition for Visually Impaired People

Choosing clothes with complex patterns and colors is a challenging task for visually impaired people. Automatic clothing pattern recognition is also a challenging research problem due to rotation, scaling, illumination, and especially large intraclass pattern variations. We have developed a camera-based prototype system that recognizes clothing patterns in four categories (plaid, striped, patternless, and irregular) and identifies 11 clothing colors. The system integrates a camera, a microphone, a computer, and a Bluetooth earpiece for audio description of clothing patterns and colors. A camera mounted upon a pair of sunglasses is used to capture clothing images. The clothing patterns and colors are described to blind users verbally. This system can be controlled by speech input through microphone. To recognize clothing patterns, we propose a novel Radon Signature descriptor and a schema to extract statistical properties from wavelet subbands to capture global features of clothing patterns. They are combined with local features to recognize complex clothing patterns. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we used the CCNY Clothing Pattern dataset. Our approach achieves 92.55% recognition accuracy which significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art texture analysis methods on clothing pattern recognition. The prototype was also used by ten visually impaired participants. Most thought such a system would support more independence in their daily life but they also made suggestions for improvements.