Associations of ozone exposure and residential greenness with early chronic kidney disease in young adults from the Tianshan cohort.

The climate change–armedconflict interaction creates a reinforcing cycle where conflict increases vulnerability to climate change, and climate change impacts increase the risk of armed conflict, locking communities in a cycle of violence, vulnerability and climate change. To help break the cycle, we propose a new framework that integrates climate change adaptation and peacebuilding concepts to build synergistic capacities in conflict-affected communities. • Climate change and conflict reinforce each other in vulnerable communities. • Adaptation and peacebuilding often operate in separate policy and practice sectors. • Yet, there are overlaps that may be important to integrate these sectors. • Key overlaps include education, networks, employment, and healing. • A new framework is proposed to integrate adaptation and peacebuilding. Communities living in areas impacted by armed conflict are increasingly vulnerable to climate change. These communities experience forced displacement, destruction of infrastructure, militarisation of land and water access, and movement restrictions that limit their capacity to adapt. Climate change adaptation and peacebuilding interventions focus on building capacities to prepare for and minimise the impacts of climate change and conflict. Yet, these interventions have traditionally been implemented in separate policy and practice sectors, with limited cross-sectoral interaction. This study identifies some of the overlaps between climate change adaptation and peacebuilding and explores ways to integrate these areas to respond to cumulative and reinforcing climate change and conflict impacts. Using a two-stage case study in a region affected by climate change impacts and armed conflict in Colombia, including semi-structured interviews and document analysis, we find that although climate change adaptation and peacebuilding interventions are rarely integrated, they overlap in potentially synergistic ways. We find six major areas of overlap: (1) access to information, (2) education, (3) social networks, (4) employment, (5) environmental management, and (6) healing. We also find two gaps (i.e., areas that were a major focus in one type of intervention but were not present or considered in the other): (1) protection and/or safety and (2) socio-cognitive constructs (e.g., social identity, risk perceptions). Building on these overlaps and gaps, we propose a new synergistic framework to integrate climate change adaptation and peacebuilding. This framework provides novel insights into how to develop adaptation and peacebuilding interventions to prevent reinforcing cycles, whereby conflict increases vulnerability to climate change and climate change increases the risk of violent conflict. We argue that using this framework provides an important step to building resilience and peace, thereby preventing maladaptation and the increase and/or redistribution of vulnerabilities.

ABSTRACT Islands face significant challenges in prioritizing conservation areas and developing adaption policies under the dual impacts of climate change and human activities. Island conservation has evolved from an early emphasis on safeguarding endemic species and habitats toward a more integrated approach that also considers climate resilience, ecosystem integrity, and human well-being. This study focuses on Hainan Island, considering its vulnerabilities and ecological features. We identified conservation priority areas and corridors under different scenarios and targets using Marxan model and circuit theory. The results indicated that as the conservation targets increased from 10% to 100%, the fragmentation of priority conservation areas showed an initial increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend. In addition, conservation costs increased monotonically, while efficiency followed a logarithmic growth pattern. Therefore, we identified a ‘surface-line-point’ conservation pattern derived from a synergistic scenario at the 50% target, which offered the optimal balance between expenditure and efficiency in safeguarding key ecological functions. It enables policymakers to visualize trade-offs between ecological conservation and climate adaptation, supporting the strategic incorporation of evidence-based natural and engineering solutions. This study offers a decision-support tool for islands, supporting efforts to align ecological priorities with the Sustainable Development Goals.

From ‘piecemeal efforts’ to ‘policy inclusion’: Exploring women's climate vulnerabilities and resilience in coastal mangrove communities of the Indian Sundarbans

A strategic multi-criteria decision-making framework for climate change adaptation strategy selection using AHP-TOPSIS: A case study from Afghanistan

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-026-04921-w.

Eco-affective one health: A public health framework for climate, emotion, and systemic resilience.

Climate regulatory risk and insider trading profitability: Evidence from state climate adaptation plans.

Urban heat exposure patterns and domain-specific executive function in adolescents.

Sweating is the primary mechanism for human thermoregulation, driven by eccrine gland activity under central and peripheral sudomotor control. In this review, we synthesize evidence showing that sudomotor function is shaped by biological traits (age, sex, ethnicity/ancestry), environmental exposures (regional climate, seasonality, and migration), and individual modifiers (exercise training and dermatologic disease). Environmental heat exposure induces heat adaptation, leading to short-term and long-term acclimation with contrasting effects. Short-term acclimation enhances sweat gland sensitivity and density, increasing sweat output for efficient cooling during heat stress. Conversely, long-term acclimation suppresses sweating to conserve body fluids by reducing sweat gland responsiveness and output. Regional and seasonal differences in sweating patterns are closely linked to climate adaptations. Age-related declines in sweat gland function are evident; children exhibit higher sweat gland density but lower output per gland due to immature sudomotor function. Exercise training improves sweat gland sensitivity and density, enhancing thermoregulation during physical activity. Dermatologic conditions such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis impair sweat secretion through skin barrier dysfunction and autonomic dysregulation, exacerbating inflammation and compromising thermoregulatory efficiency. This review highlights the complex interplay between intrinsic biological traits, external environmental stimuli, and individual behaviors in shaping sudomotor function. Understanding these mechanisms can inform strategies for optimizing thermoregulation and managing sweat-related impairments in clinical settings.

Uncovering the climate vulnerability of China’s poverty alleviation frontiers

• Intersectional climate litigation has been on the rise in the last five years. • Ontological tensions arise between plaintiffs and courts in climate litigation. • Intersectional plaintiffs mostly target states, on mitigation and adaptation issues. • A subnational court in Australia is redefining evidence in climate litigation. • Intersectional lived experiences of plaintiffs are dismissed in courts. Climate litigation has been on the rise since the beginning of the century. However, the increased use of intersectionality by plaintiffs to highlight their particular vulnerability to climate change and its impacts remains understudied. This paper provides a review of eleven intersectional climate litigation cases, along with insights from a focus group of key informants, to examine the role of intersectionality in these cases through the lenses of intersectionality, vulnerability, and legal struggles. Particular attention is given to how plaintiffs construct intersectionality and how courts assess it, revealing underlying tensions and bridges between constructivist and materialist understandings of reality. Our findings show a growing presence of identities related to age, cultural background and health in litigation, mostly in cases targeting states and concerning issues of mitigation and adaptation. While our findings highlight shared perspectives between plaintiffs and courts, such as the extensive use of scientific evidence by plaintiffs to support their claims, tensions remain, notably due to the courts’ dismissal of plaintiffs’ intersectional and lived experiences in their assessments. Our study opens new avenues for research, including on decision-making processes, the value of intersectionality in climate litigation, and its legitimacy. By shedding light on the tensions and bridges present in intersectional climate litigation, this paper contributes to broader debates on interdisciplinary struggles, the role of legal and scientific evidence, and the complexity of climate vulnerability.

Climate warming is a major driver of global pollinator declines, including social bees that live in large colonies and provide critical pollination services. Nesting biology plays a key role in determining a colony's resilience to climate change, but its influence on colony performance has received little attention. We investigate how climate warming affects bumble bee foraging efficiency and thermoregulatory behaviours under mid-century and late-century climate projections. We measured ambient air and nest temperatures in simulated above-ground and below-ground nests, assessed temperature dependence of foraging activity and conducted controlled trials to quantify worker thermoregulatory behaviours (wing fanning and brood incubation). Contrary to predictions, our results show that warming will increase optimal foraging hours for bumble bees and reduce brood incubation needs, potentially improving foraging performance. However, extreme summer temperatures could greatly increase fanning demands, particularly for above-ground nests, which would divert workers from foraging and other essential colony tasks. Our findings highlight that above-ground-nesting bumble bees are particularly vulnerable to warming due to escalating thermoregulatory demands, which could lead to colony failure under extreme conditions. Conservation efforts should consider nesting environment as a critical factor in climate resilience strategies for bees and other animal species.

Purpose As climate warming and urban heat exposure continue to intensify, accurately identifying the cooling effect of vegetation is essential for developing effective urban climate adaptation strategies. However, the relationship between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) is highly sensitive to spatial scale. Inappropriate scale selection may lead to misjudgments of urban cooling potential due to the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP). This study aims to reveal the scale dependency of the NDVI–LST relationship and assess its implications for urban green space planning and climate adaptation decision-making. Design/methodology/approach Taking Shanghai as a case study, this research constructs multi-scale grids while maintaining consistent spatial resolution of remote sensing data. Land use change information from 2000 to 2024 is integrated into the analysis. By combining the Random Forest model with the SHAP interpretation method, this study examines the statistical relationship, nonlinear response structure and variations in cooling turning points of NDVI–LST across different scales and land use contexts. This approach enables a systematic assessment of how spatial aggregation methods influence the identification of vegetation cooling effects. Findings The results show that as the analysis scale shifts from coarse to fine, local heterogeneity and contextual effects are significantly enhanced. The nonlinear response structure of NDVI–LST and its cooling thresholds undergo systematic changes with scale. At coarse scales, local fluctuations are smoothed out and the overall response becomes more stable. At fine scales, nonlinear characteristics become more pronounced and spatial differences more prominent. From the MAUP perspective, scale selection not only affects the assessment of statistical correlations but may also introduce biases in evaluating the cooling efficiency of green spaces within climate adaptation planning. Originality/value This study proposes a reusable multi-scale assessment framework from the MAUP perspective. It reveals the scale sensitivity of the NDVI–LST relationship and its contextual dependency across different land use backgrounds. The findings highlight the critical value of multi-scale information in urban green infrastructure planning and heat risk management. This provides methodological innovation and practical references for developing evidence-based urban climate adaptation strategies.

Climate change has caused significant impacts on coastal areas, particularly in the form of tidal flooding, coastal abrasion, and environmental degradation, which in turn affect food and nutrition security as well as the socio-economic conditions of local communities. This community service activity aimed to strengthen food and nutrition security while enhancing the adaptive capacity of coastal communities to climate change through the sustainable utilization of mangrove ecosystems by implementing mangrove honey bee cultivation in Tugu District, Semarang City. The program employed a participatory community-based approach that included socialization activities, a one-day technical training on mangrove honey bee cultivation, the establishment of a community business group, and the assessment of participants’ knowledge improvement using pretest and posttest methods. The results indicated an increase in participants’ knowledge following the training, accompanied by improved community awareness regarding the importance of mangrove conservation and the economic potential of mangrove honey as a nutritious food source. Furthermore, the program successfully facilitated the formation of a mangrove honey bee management group oriented toward sustainable business development. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that mangrove honey bee cultivation has strong potential as an effective climate change adaptation strategy to support food and nutrition security as well as the economic resilience of coastal communities. The recommendations emphasize the need for continuous mentoring, strengthening of community business institutions, and the integration of mangrove conservation programs with local economic development to support the implementation of nature-based community service models in coastal areas.

Temperature changes affect cardiovascular health through multiple physiological and environmental pathways. Cold exposure activates the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, increases blood pressure, cardiac afterload and myocardial oxygen demand and can thereby promote ischemia, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. In contrast, exposure to heat causes vasodilation, fluid loss through sweating, tachycardia and arise in myocardial oxygen demand; dehydration, inflammation and prothrombotic changes can further increase the risk of acute cardiovascular events and renal dysfunction. Epidemiological data consistently show aU-shaped association between ambient temperature and cardiovascular mortality, with older adults and patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease being particularly vulnerable. Air pollution, especially fine particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide can amplify heat-related risks. Beyond the immediate effects of temperature extremes, long-term adaptation leads to ashift in the minimum mortality temperature toward warmer conditions, while climate change increases exposure to heat waves and warm nights. We summarize the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical consequences and the growing relevance of temperature-related cardiovascular risks for public health. Effective climate adaptation, reduction of urban heat islands, promotion of low-emission transport and health-oriented urban planning are essential components in the prevention of temperature-associated morbidity and mortality.

Integrating Community Perception, Climate Vulnerability Index, and Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response Approaches for Climate Risk Assessment of the Persepolis World Heritage Site.

This review highlights Lunaria annua as a next‑generation industrial oilseed with a unique fatty acid profile and emerging genomic tools, positioning it for significant improvement and broad applications in biolubricants, bioplastics, and bio-based therapeutics. Lunaria annua, an ornamental of the Brassicaceae species, is emerging as a valuable oilseed crop due to its high levels of erucic and nervonic acids with applications in biolubricants, bioplastics, and neurotherapeutics. Recent advances in metabolomics, enzymology, and comparative genomics have improved understanding of fatty acid biosynthesis pathways and identified candidate genes associated with oil composition. Advances in biotechnology and breeding approaches have also provided tools for investigating traits related to oil production and environmental stress responses. However, several factors, such as agronomic performance, climatic adaptability, extraction and processing efficiency, and economic viability, require further research attention before large-scale cultivation can be considered. This review synthesizes current knowledge of L. annua biology, oil biosynthesis, and crop improvement strategies and discusses the challenges and research priorities that could influence its development as a future industrial oilseed crop.

Feasibility, co-benefits, and trade-offs of climate mitigation and adaptation strategies in blue food systems

Lagged crop responses to drought across China: contrasting multivariate environmental pathways in rainfed and irrigated systems.