Classroom Arrangement Research Articles

An Analysis of Factors Causing Students’ Reticence in Speaking Classes

This research describes factors causing many students in an EFL classroom struggle with speaking due to reticence, which significantly impacts their language learning and academic achievement. This study aims to identify and describe the factors causing students' reticence and propose possible strategies to cope with students' reticence in speaking classes in the English Education Department. It applied a descriptive qualitative approach, chosen specifically to offer a straightforward description of the phenomenon of the research. Data collection for this study was carried out using observation and interviews. This study involved 13 students as the sample of reticence students. The results revealed nine (9) key factors causing students' reticence in speaking classes. These include anxiety, personality (introverted), lack of confidence, lack of motivation, and low English proficiency. Additionally, fear of negative evaluation, unwillingness to participate, comparison with peers, and uncomfortable classroom atmosphere were identified as significant contributors to students' reluctance to engage in speaking activities. The findings also comprise the strategies to cope with students’ reticence in speaking classes involved classroom arrangements which refers to students’ seating position that makes students participate more and enjoy the class with their peers and using an appropriate teaching method.

Academic Integrity in Existing Classroom Resources and Teaching Learning Process for Children with Vision Impairment in Government Special Education Institutions of Punjab Pakistan

Purpose: The objective of this qualitative study was to evaluate the level of academic integrity in the provision and utilization of classroom resources and flow of the teaching-learning process for children with vision impairment (CWVI) at primary level. Design/Methodology/Approach: Non-participant classroom observations were conducted. Eight special education institutions working in various districts of Punjab were randomly selected. A self-developed, field experts validated classroom observation checklist was applied to conduct the classroom observations. All observations were carried out personally by the principal author. Researchers analyzed the data by descriptive statistics percentages of observed indicators for academic integrity. After that, a thematic analysis was carried out. Findings: The study showed that most observed classes had satisfactory classroom arrangement, teacher competence and classroom illumination. However, many observed classrooms were found with inadequate classroom arrangements and disturbing physical environment. There is a severe lack about effective use of need-based equipment, assistive aids, low-vision devices, lesson plans, student portfolios and any record of Students’ previous performance. Implications/Originality/Value: The study suggested that special education institutions should make all lacking facilities available. Refresher courses should be provided to teachers to improve their personality and teaching skills. The presence of Students’ portfolios and lesson plans should be assured.

A Meta-Model Of E-Collaboration In Classroom Organization And Cbc Learners Performance In Public Primary Schools In Kilifi County

Classroom management is a significant aspect that matters a great deal to enhance student learning. Past studies have established a link between classroom management and student performance. Specifically, this study intends to fill existing knowledge gap on classroom organization and arrangement and classroom management time. This paper seeks to establish the effect of classroom layout of the seating patterns on students’ outcomes on improving CBC learners’ performance in primary schools in Kilifi County. The study also aims at finding out the effect of organization of classroom occurrences on improving CBC learners’ performance in primary schools in Kilifi South Sub-County. Two independent variables will guide this study and a dependent variable. This study was significant in providing support to both public and private schools during this COVID-19 era where learners are using more technologically based learning equipment and materials. This study will also provide novel insights to the Ministry of Education and policy makers in enacting suitable polices to enhance teaching and learning in primary schools. and Eison’s Active Learning Continuum and Classroom-Based Model of Student Engagement were the foundational theories of this study. Descriptive research design was applicable for this study a nd t he target population of the study was 65 public primary schools in Kilifi Sub-Counties. Sampling was carried out by use of simple random sampling and convenience sampling where a sample size of 30% of the population was achieved hence a 20 Public primary schools form Kilifi County. Structured questionnaires were used as the focal data collection instrument. Classification of data was done and data analysis was carried out by use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), (version 22.0). Data was presented by descriptive and inferential statistics for simplification purposes. One of the findings of this study was that most primary schools in Kilifi Sub-Counties had similarities and differences in the classroom organization and arrangements patterns for the entire of terms of the year. The implication of this phenomenon was that classrooms are arranged to enhance student’s learning. This reflects the significance of primary school teachers with appropriate materials and equipment to establish appropriate classroom arrangements to enhance learner performance. One of the findings from this study was the diversity efforts in enhancing CBC learners team learning. It was concluded that efforts used by CBC teachers to ignite creativity through sharing of opinions and experiences provided new ways of learning. The study recommends that CBC teachers should be facilitated in order to share online space organization and enhance e-collaboration with teachers from other environments. This was significant as it would aid in enhancing learner’ concentration enhancing the ability of good time management. This was projected to improve overall learner’ outcomes.

Classroom communications post pandemic: a case study

This cross-sectional case study (n = 20) took place in Qatar over a 3-month period spanning from September until the end of November in 2021. It examined the impacts of a post-COVID classroom arrangement that incorporated preventive measures like social distancing and the use of face coverings. Using the case study methodology, we employed two qualitative research methods, namely non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews, to gather primary data. We also conducted an extensive literature review to identify the key themes for investigation in the field. The primary focus of our study was on proxemics (personal space and crowding), technology (Zoom), non-verbal communication, and ergonomics (lighting and acoustics). Our study uncovered new areas for future research, particularly in how proxemics change in socially distanced classrooms, affecting personal space and perceptions of crowding. Additionally, it highlighted themes in post-pandemic classroom design, emphasizing the impact of factors like seating arrangements and available amenities (e.g., pinup walls) on student engagement, especially in design-studio classrooms. The study also revealed unexpected challenges, such as issues with microphone usage due to users’ lack of familiarity with their operation. In summary, the research underscores the ongoing importance of adaptable learning methods and communication strategies, particularly in response to preventive measures like social distancing and face-covering, which have reshaped our concept of personal space and emphasized the crucial role of telecommunication in crisis resilience for communities and organizations.

Project Based Learning Learning to Stimulate Symbolic Thinking Abilities in Children Aged 5-6 Years in Kindergarten Negeri Pembina 1 South Wangi-Wangi

This research aims to describe the implementation of Project- Based Learning to stimulate symbolic thinking of 5-6 years old children at Pembina 1 Kindergarten in South Wangi-Wangi. This research used a qualitative research approach with a descriptive type. This research was conducted at Pembina 1 Kindergarten in South Wangi-Wangi. The data source of this research was determined by purposive sampling techniques consisting of the principal, class B teacher, and group B students and supported by document data. The data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The researcher was the main instrument in conducting the research with the help of observation, interviews, and documentation guidelines. The research results show the following findings: (1) project learning planning is carried out by preparing themes and learning topics, lessons plans, teaching modules, and projects reports. (2) The implementation of projects learning is carried out through projects activities to make fruit juice, cooking class, market day, lego construction, drawing and coloring, fruit media, blenders, or kitchen tools such as knives, spoons, and glasses, vegetables ingredients, pots and spoons, money, merchandise products, tables and chairs, legos, blocks, boards/bases, drawings paper/colouring books, pencils, colored pencils, and crayons. In the symbolic projects learning method, children determine learning objectives, project design, pre-project preparation, project implementation, reflection and evaluation, and classroom arrangement.

Rancangan Penelitian dan Pengembangan (R & D) Pendidikan Agama Islam

This article aims to find out how to determine the type of research and development (R&D) that is suitable for use in Islamic religious education research. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach, with a descriptive research type. The framework used to analyze this theme is a thematic study based on research and development. Data analysis in this research is collecting literature related to R&D design and reviewing various relevant literature then analyzing it to answer the research focus. The discussions that will be raised are the meaning, objectives, characteristics, research and development (R&D) models (Sugiyono, Borg and Gall, 4D Development, and ADDIE Development). Each model has advantages and disadvantages in research, especially in Islamic Religious Education research. Research and development (R&D) is a research approach to produce new products or improve existing products. Research and development aims to discover, develop and validate a product. In the field of Islamic Religious Education, the products produced can be in the form of specific curricula for certain educational needs, teaching methods, educational media, textbooks, modules, educational staff competencies, evaluation systems, competency test models, classroom arrangements for certain learning models, models production units, management models, employee development systems, payroll systems and others.

Application of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Problems to Optimize Timetables and Classroom Arrangements

Application of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Problems to Optimize Timetables and Classroom Arrangements

Changes in Concentration of Carbon Dioxide and Temperature in University Classrooms

This study aims to observe variations in temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide concentrations in university classrooms without mechanical ventilation throughout the day. Over three days, two classrooms in Riga Stradiņš University, equipped solely with natural ventilation, were evaluated for variations in indoor air quality. Observations were recorded using the Aranet4 sensor during actual study sessions with varying numbers of occupants, and ventilation periods marked by window operations. The recorded parameters were compared with established indoor air quality guidelines. The results showed that the relative humidity remained within the ideal range (40%-60%) throughout the observation period. Indoor temperature varied between 18 °C to 26 °C, with noticeable increases during practical study sessions and decreases during ventilation periods. The carbon dioxide levels consistently exceeded the safe limit of 1000 ppm during all study sessions, with the time taken to exceed this threshold being directly proportional to the number of occupants. The findings underline the need for strategic ventilation interventions and classroom arrangements, considering occupancy and room size to promote healthier learning environments. Further research incorporating occupant surveys and including diverse educational settings is recommended. Keywords: indoor air quality; natural ventilation; classroom environment; carbon dioxide; relative humidity; temperature.

Revitalization of SPS Tunas Bangsa PAUD: Creating a Conducive Early Childhood Education Environment

This study aims to evaluate the effects of the revitalization program on improving the quality of the learning environment at PAUD SPS Tunas Bangsa. Given the importance of a conducive learning environment to spur students' motivation, enthusiasm and curiosity, this study is of particular relevance. Evaluation results showed a significant increase in students' motivation and enthusiasm for learning, supported by positive feedback from teachers and parents. Thus, the program succeeded in creating a more supportive learning environment in PAUD. Based on these results, it is recommended to continue the revitalization by adding educational murals on the school walls and conducting classroom arrangements to support more effective learning activities.

IMPLEMENTASI BUDAYA MADRASAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER

The aim of this research was to determine and describe implementation of madrasah culture in perspective of character education. The method used in this research was qualitative by using the type of phenomenology research. This research was conducted at Madrasah Negeri 3 Luwu. Sources of data in this research were the principal, curriculum coordinator and teachers of Madrasah Negeri 3 Luwu. Data collection techniques were observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Validity check of the data using triangulation. The result showed that the values of character education is integrated various structural aspects. The use of structural functional elements in implementing character education is an effort to supervise and guide the development of madrasah culture, in this case related to the internalization of character education values for madrasah academicians, especially the students. The implementation of madrasah culture in the perspective of character education through cultural approach that includes the behaviour of madrasah academicians, traditions, habits and cultural symbols is corresponding with the vision, the mission, and the purpose of madrasah and suitable with the effort of madrasah to build positive culture the behaviour of madrasah academicians have been applied to the values of character education which are entrenched as a result of integration into daily activities and tradition of Madrasah academicians through habituation efforts. In addition, Madrasah culture in the perspective of character education is also found in the cultural result that becomes symbol in the form of building and classroom arrangements and uniforms.

Pembentukan Nilai – Nilai Agama Dan Moral Di Kelompok A2 Studi Kasus Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Islam Terpadu Alkarimah

Research objectives: planning, implementation and evaluation. This research uses qualitative research with case studies. Data collection methods were carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects were 12 children from group A2 and 1 teacher. The findings stated that in planning the teacher prepared facilities and infrastructure using habituation learning methods, lectures, storytelling, singing and watching videos. The media used are storybooks, picture cards, and puzzles. The classical classroom arrangement is said to be sufficient because of the media, delivery of familiarization, knowledge and classroom arrangement. Implementation of morals and religion, educators get used to praying together, eating etiquette and affection. The name of Allah, ablution movements, through singing, and movements for the formation of children's morals and religion are said to be good. 11 children are developing because every day the teacher gives the child a view that there is good development in knowledge and behavior. At school, teachers every week hold tausiah and study the Koran. During the evaluation, educators review the activities carried out and make small notes on each development.

Use of instructional videos in leadership education in higher education under COVID-19: A qualitative study.

The use of online teaching mode has grown rapidly in recent years, particularly under the COVID-19 pandemic. To promote the learning motivation of students and teaching effectiveness, development of attractive online teaching material such as videos is important. In the present study, we developed 15 theory-related videos and 9 case-based videos in the context of a leadership course focusing on psychological well-being and psychosocial competence. Using a qualitative research methodology via focus groups (N = 48 students) to evaluate these videos, six themes emerged from the data, including video arrangement, design of videos, content of videos, benefits to students' pre-lesson self-learning, benefits to students' learning of course content, and contribution to students' class participation. The findings suggest that the videos can elicit positive perceptions of the students in a flipped classroom arrangement. Students also benefit from the videos in terms of their understanding of course content and their participation in class discussion. Besides, the study suggests that the videos promote the learning efficiency of the students. The present qualitative findings concurred with the previous quantitative findings, suggesting the value of using virtual teaching and learning to promote psychosocial competence in university students.

The Quality of School-Based Practices in Enhancing Secondary School Students’ National Examination Achievement in Ethiopia

This research dealt with identifying the predictive quality of secondary school students’ classroom achievement on national examination results. A correlation survey design with a concurrent mixed approach to data was used. Data were obtained from existing school archives through careful identification of subjects where the 25 top achievers in each one of the four sampled schools were considered (n=100). Moreover, references were made to key-informant principals (n=2), officers (n=2) and secondary school teachers (n=40) for complementary purposes. The findings revealed that students’ school-based achievements were strong predictors of the national examination results in some schools (r2=.82) whereas they were weak predictors in others (r2 =.29). In that, there was a significant difference between public and private schools on the level of prediction. There was also a significant difference in the level of prediction among private schools themselves. Findings showed a shortage in classroom arrangements and facilities, weak experiential exchanges and guidance services, and a shortage in identifying model skills among teachers and students to have been the bottleneck issues in enhancing the quality of school-based preparation for the national examination.

Pengaruh Manajemen Kelas Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV SDN Jrebeng Kidul

The background of this research is that the classroom arrangements at SDN Jrebeng Kidul are not good enough, the classroom conditions and active interactions during the learning process are not optimal, so this research aims to find out the effect of class management to the learning outcomes of fourth grade students at SDN Jrebeng Kidul, Probolinggo City. This research is a quantitative research. The research design used was the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design, which only involved one class as the experimental class. Data collection methods used are questionnaires, learning achievement tests, observation and documentation. The results of inferential statistical analysis using the t test formula obtained a tCount of 8.02. With a frequency (dk) of 24-1 = 23, at a significant level of 5%, tTable = 2.068 is obtained because tCount > tTable at a significant level of 0.05, the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the working hypothesis (H1) is accepted, which means the implementation of management class influences the learning outcomes of fourth grade students at SDN Jrebeng Kidul.

Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Religius Siswa Berbasis Manajemen Kelas

The problem of character education is a common problem until now, there are two models for strengthening character, namely inside the classroom and outside the classroom. This study aims to analyze the strengthening of classroom management-based character education, with a research focus on implementation and the constraints encountered. This research was conducted at SDN Celep Sidoarjo. This study uses phenoenology-based qualitative research methods, with data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation studies as data collection tools. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of class-based religious character education through class management is carried out with a class agreement program, class control and classroom arrangement that has been integrated with religious character. Obstacles in the implementation of class-based religious character education through classroom management are violations of class agreements and habits in the classroom control program and lack of attention from parents. To overcome these obstacles the teacher gives punishment to students who violate it and coordinates with parents of students. The implication of this research is through the implementation of strengthening religious character education at SDN Celep Sidoarjo the learning objectives can be achieved and can improve religious character.

Pre-Service Teachers’ Interaction with Learners Using Their Mother Tongue in Linguistically Diverse Classes in Namibian Schools

This article reports on a study conducted in five primary schools in Namibia during teaching and learning in the mother tongue classroom. The aim of this study was to investigate how 30 pre-service teachers used the learners’ home language during their curriculum delivery. The study took place during lessons that included work-integrated learning (WIL) during which the pre-service teachers were assessed by the two lecturers as researchers. The study followed a qualitative approach where data were gathered from classroom observations and semi-structured interviews of pre-service teachers. The data were analysed thematically. This study was guided by Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of development which identifies language, society, and culture as the primary aspects of the development of a child. The social interactions that a child has with people living in a particular environment with particular languages strongly shapes the development of cognitive abilities in the child. The findings showed that pre-service teachers lacked sufficient competencies in the teaching of mother tongue literacy. Additionally, the classroom arrangement and teaching approaches that were used by the pre-service teachers were ineffective for learning. Furthermore, the learning materials and pedagogical practices were likely to inhibit successful learning. The implication of this is that the quality of education and learning was compromised. This paper recommends that pre-service teachers should be equipped with skills to teach the mother tongue programme while using relevant and appropriate teaching strategies and learning resources to enhance mother tongue learning of the Oshindonga and Oshikwanyama dialects.

Habitual visual acuity and visual acuity threshold demands in Nigerian school classrooms

This study was designed to estimate the burden of blindness and vision impairment in school children, and to determine the proportion of students meeting the visual acuity (VA) demand for their classrooms. From 148 primary and secondary school classrooms in Edo State, Nigeria, the habitual distance and near VA of over 2000 students were measured. Values obtained were compared with the calculated distance VA demand and actual near VA demand for their classrooms. Measures used to calculate the VA demand were working distance and smallest text size on learning materials, at both distance and near. We also determined the relationship between age and calculated VA demand and the effect of factors such as school ownership and school type on the VA demand. Habitual distance vision impairment was found in 0.8% of pupils, including 2 (0.10%) who met the WHO criteria for blindness. The average VA demand at the furthest and nearest sitting position to the board was 0.21 ± 0.23 and 0.65 ± 0.33LogMAR, respectively. Near working distance of students ranged from 15.00 to 37.20 cm, and the near VA demand as well as actual near VA demand (using a 2.5 times acuity reserve) was 0.60 ± 0.17 and 0.20 ± 1.7LogMAR, respectively. LogMAR VA demand increased (size of print decreases) with increasing age, at both distance (r = − 0.549, p = 0.070) and near (r = − 0.921, p < 0.0001). The VA demand at maximum distance and the actual near VA demand differed significantly by school ownership and between primary and secondary schools. Most students had VA better, but up to 11% of students per class had VA poorer than their classroom demands. Although the majority of students had better VA than their classroom demands, for students with reduced vision, learning could be negatively impacted. It is important to continually screen students for vision impairment and ensure prompt referral and treatment. These findings have implications for managing vision problems in children, as well as enabling appropriate classroom arrangements for those with vision impairment.

An Exploratory study on the Identification the Need for Teacher Training at the Primary Level in Punjab

The main goal of the paper was to identify the need for primary-level teacher training in Punjab. The study was descriptive in nature, with information gathered using a qualitative approach. The study's population included all the school teachers in the three districts of southern Punjab Bahawalpur, Rajanpur, and Chakwal, Because the study was a survey based on probability sampling methods, 245 teachers took part. Three districts in southern Punjab were chosen. This observation aided the researcher in gathering empirical evidence of their classroom teaching practices. The collected data was analyzed using the Thematic evaluation. According to the data, most teachers are at an average level, only a few have good classroom arrangement skills, some of them are satisfied with their performance, and even no teacher knows how to arrange a classroom completely. Information reveals that many teachers were found to be at an average level, with only teachers possessing good classroom arrangement skills. it is recommended training should be arranged by periodic and proper evaluation should be done by higher authorities to maintain the quality of education through teachers.

Effect of the Flipped Science Classroom on Academic Achievement of Grade Seven students

A pilot study was carried out in a local secondary school to measure the effectiveness of digital literacy in terms of flipped classroom teaching. A grade seven science class was purposefully flipped and compared with traditional teaching classroom arrangement to evaluate the student's academic achievement. The population of study comprises all male and female 259 students of class seven, first term of session 2019-20. Study sample was further divided into two groups: two sections of boys (61 male students) and two sections of girls (66 female students) were randomly selected as the experimental group, the flipped classroom. The remaining four sections (132 students) performed as a control group, the traditional classroom. Instructional strategies were the independent variable. Student's achievement grades in pretest, ongoing posttest assessments and term exam were dependent variables. Scores of pretest were compared with posttest ongoing assessments and school term exams. The analysis was made through t-test and ANCOVA. At the end of the thirteenth week, a Likert scale survey was conducted to evaluate the student's perception regarding the learning environment in flipped class. The results indicated that” (i) there is a statistically significant difference between achievement scores of the flipped class compare to traditional class students. Flipped class students achieved better results than conventional class learners. (ii) Analysis indicated that there is no significant difference in achievement scores among male and female students of the experimental and control group. (iii) Likert scale survey results showed students increased involvement, mutual interaction and in-depth learning in flipped classroom environment. This study is a contribution to a positive change in the prevailing education system of Pakistan by transferring a deeper understanding of the importance of student-centered learning. The technological tools motivate student of this age to collaborate academically and socially to become a self-standing, curious and creative learner.

Gender perspectives on a flipped classroom environment

The present paper investigates the gender perspective of flipped classroom. In particular, it considers how the collaborative setting of in-class group-work affect the female population of students. The paper draws on an in-depth analysis of the interview with one such student. The focus of this interview was on interactional collaboration between peers during group work activities in a mathematics course. Such work is vital in a flipped classroom arrangement. The student, called Sofia, highlighted arguments of value for a deeper investigation. The analysis draws on Bjerrum Nielsen’s framework with four different gender perspectives (2003). Our analysis illuminates a number of arguments about interactions and interpretations of gender and challenges when collaborating in groups in a flipped classroom setting. Arguments informs both context and individual levels of the setting. What is realised in the case of Sofia is that there are dualistic viewpoints raised within all gender perspectives, sometimes conflicting each other. Result is that guidance from a teacher in formation of groups is necessary but will need careful considerations.