IGROOVE: Protocol for a randomized, controlled, single-blind trial of dance intervention in older adults with subjective cognitive decline.

ABSTRACT Scaffolding, a core form of teacher interpersonal behaviour, is widely linked to improved classroom interaction and teacher‐student relationships in education research. However, its application in Chinese university music classes remains underexplored. To address this gap, this qualitative study examined 22 Chinese university music teachers' perceptions of scaffolding, focusing on its favourable outcomes and practical challenges. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews and narrative frames and were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that scaffolding was perceived to enhance learners' autonomy, collaboration, motivation, disciplinary knowledge acquisition, creativity and classroom supportiveness; teachers also noted challenges related to meeting diverse learner needs, building scaffolding‐specific professional knowledge and adjusting support timing. By highlighting the discipline‐specific features of music learning, this study extends scaffolding research beyond general subject areas and offers targeted implications for university music teacher development.

“A Mastery of Messiness”: Collaborative pedagogy and teacher-becoming in a music production class

In modern music education, the intersection of ecological awareness, primary school development, and traditional folk music is gaining significant traction. This paper investigates how elementary students can build a robust "ecological culture" through thestudy of folk songs in general music classes. Here, ecological culture is defined as a holistic blend of environmental facts, ethical values, emotional connections, and responsible actions. The core objective is to demonstrate how specific folk repertoires, combined with deliberate teaching strategies, can nurture early environmental stewardship grounded in cultural heritage.The research methodology involved a systematic review of academic literature, primary school curricula, and various song anthologies. To analyze this data, the authors applied a four-part framework to identify ecological knowledge, values, emotions, and behavioral cues hidden within song lyrics and educational models. A descriptive summary was then created to highlight the major trends and missing links.The findings reveal that much of the folk music already taught in schools is naturally rich in environmental wisdom. These songs often contain imagery of nature, stories about the human relationship with the land, and deep emotional ties to the environment. When educators use strategies like interdisciplinary connections, open discussions, physical performance, and linking songs to local geography, this content effectively fosters ecological culture. However, the study notes that translating this into actual behavior usually requires activities outside the classroom.Ultimately, the article argues that folk music serves as a vital bridge connecting a child's personal experience and cultural identity with environmental meaning. It calls for lesson plans that intentionally use tradition to cultivate ecological knowledge and values. The authors conclude by recommending future comparative research to further explore how music education can empower children to become agents of environmental change.

Mental fatigue refers to subjective feelings ranging from tiredness to exhaustion that appear after or during prolonged periods of cognitive activity. Music could be a powerful tool for relieving mental fatigue due to its beneficial effects on attention, which tend to decline when mental fatigue occurs. Moreover, traditional Chinese music is usually neglected and rarely used in music intervention studies, although its potential has been mentioned in China's domestic journals. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of traditional Chinese music and Western classical music on laboratory-induced mental fatigue. Three groups of Chinese non-psychology undergraduate students were assessed in terms of alertness, hedonic tone, and overall fatigue via a pre/post-intervention diary, a visual analogue mood scale, and the psychomotor vigilance test. The results showed that both traditional Chinese music and Western classical music mitigated fatigue-related declines in alertness and hedonic tone, and produced shorter reaction times, although there was no significant difference between the effects of the types of music.

Undergraduate music programs in the United States and Canada have been critiqued for their heavy focus on skills and understandings associated with Western Art Music (WAM) traditions. Such traditions have been linked to Eurocentrism, colonialism, anti-Blackness, and inaccessibility. This is problematic for the field of music education when one considers that post-secondary music education programs—the de facto pathway for music teacher licensure—tend to share the same “Eurocentric core” (Walker, 2023, p. 53). This study quantifies the extent to which Canadian undergraduate music education program audition requirements and curricula reflect WAM values and content. The analysis process included database coding and analysis of specific audition requirements and courses required to complete each degree program. Findings confirm anecdotal perceptions that the majority of Canadian undergraduate music education curricula focus predominantly on WAM content.

This study aligns with the digital-based General School Education Innovation Policy, which promotes continuous improvements in digital education within classroom instruction to enhance digital literacy. Digital-based public education reform policies, have been consistently integrated into classroom instruction. Digital learning innovations and enhancements have been consistently implemented in classrooms in accordance with digital-based public education innovation policies. Previous research has identified a lack of case studies focusing on instruction, teaching, learning, and assessment practices that enhancing digital literacy through communication and collaborative learning in digital music classes. Compared to other subjects, digital classrooms require diverse teaching methods, learning strategies, instructional guides, and assessment practices that enhance digital literacy through collaborative learning and the use of communication tools. Furthermore, research on digital literacy development in high schools has been limited compared to that in elementary and middle schools. Therefore, further research on high school music and digital literacy is needed. The purpose of this study is to propose instruction for teaching, learning, and assessment practices that enhance digital literacy in accordance with music achievement standards relevant to digital literacy development. to digital literacy, particularly among high school students. To achieve this goal, this explored statements on high school music achievement standards related to digital literacy enhancing. It analyzed the extent to which these standards pertain to digital literacy development and explored how three digital specialist education experts connected these standards to digital literacy development. Based on Bloom's Digital Taxonomy, analyzed the extent to which these standards relate to digital literacy. The analysis of the extent to which high school music achievement standards relate to digital literacy, This paper interpreted the extent and characteristics of these standards and proposed. According to the relevance of high school music achievement standards to digital literacy enhancement, these standards contribute to digital literacy development and proposed ways to apply these findings. The presented case study was repeatedly cross-reviewed by three experts to determine whether it could foster digital literacy. This was followed by a content validation process, verifying its suitability. Suggestions were made for improvements in media & digital technology devices and politically supportive instructional strategies for addressing challenges. Should be improved and supported as digital tools EdTech for music education, serving as the politically supportive education and foundation for enhancing a digital ecosystem culture through music media and digital technology.

Musical Tessituragram Analysis of Arias in the G. Schirmer Opera Anthology Series.

Merukhanda Swara-Prastara represents a scholarly and aesthetic method in Hindustani classical music, used to explore swara-patterns in creative and systematic ways Based on the Sanskrit music treatise, Sangitaratnakara of Sharngadeva (13th Century CE), these swara-permutations help students and musicians expand melodic thinking, improve rhythmic clarity, and build logical structure in raga practice and performance. Traditionally taught through theoretical texts and oral traditions, Merukhanda enables students to explore different swara-patterns from a defined group of swara-s, strengthening improvisational skills and the understanding of raga rules. In recent times, Merukhanda Swara-Prastara has gained renewed attention because of its role in enhancing creativity, voice flexibility, concentration, and mental discipline. Today it is widely practiced in Hindustani classical vocal music. However, its modern application requires careful understanding. When applied technically, it can weaken the raga s rasa (sentiment) and bhava (emotion). Excessive emphasis on mathematical swara-permutations may hinder the emotional expression and the natural character of a raga. Without proper guidance from a guru (teacher), its overuse may distort raga identity. This paper explores the history, musical value, and contemporary usage of Merukhanda Swara-Prastara. It suggests that Merukhanda is very useful for musical practice and for raga improvisation, but only when it is applied with raga rules and aesthetics. Through the study of musicological texts, Guru-Shishya Parampara, and contemporary practice and performance trends, this paper highlights both usefulness and precautions of this technique. It concludes that Merukhanda should enhance musical growth, not replace. emotional depth and raga authenticity.

Abstract Introduction: Schizophrenia is a chronic disease which requires long-term rehabilitation. Several types of social rehabilitation group have been established, including social skills training, coping-with-stress training, occupational therapy, art therapy, music therapy, and entertainment therapy. Of these therapies, music therapy has shown significant effects in treating schizophrenia. Aims and Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of group music therapy on psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and also to assess the global functioning postmusic therapy. Methodology: Sixty patients admitted with schizophrenia from DIMHANS, Dharwad, in a tertiary psychiatric care hospital, was taken for study. Thirty patients were assigned to the music therapy group and 30 to standard treatment group. Positive and negative symptoms along with global functioning in schizophrenia patients assessed by SAPS,SANS and GAF scales respectively thrice, before(pre), after(post)music therapy and post 1 month of music therapy. Results: Significant difference between music therapy group and standard therapy group seen, in post music therapy sessions. Conclusion: This is a pilot study done in DIMHANS Dharwad, one of few studies done in India to see the effectiveness of music therapy on positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia along with assessing the effectiveness of music therapy on global functioning. This study showed there is positive and additive effect of music therapy on schizophrenia patients along with standard therapy, rather than standard therapy alone. Hence, along with standard therapy, music therapy should also be added to the treatment of schizophrenia patients for better outcome.

ABSTRACT Traditional learning of Hindustani classical music relied on the guru-shishya Parampara, emphasizing lived experience, oral transmission, and lifelong mentorship. However, pedagogical methods have undergone a change with digitalization, increasing access through virtual classes, apps, and recorded media. This paper examines learner experience, pedagogical depth, access, and skill development in traditional versus digital modes. Employing surveys, learning logs, observation notes, and digital platform metrics, this study has found that traditional teaching remains essential for emotional expression, improvisation, refinement, and aesthetic absorption, while digital learning allows flexibility, self-paced progress, and wider reach. These findings suggest that a blended model successfully integrates technological tools into the mentorship-based learning approach. The paper argues that hybrid pedagogy will best sustain the Hindustani musical heritage, meeting modern educational needs.

Raagaas are the basis of Hindustani Classical Music. They are made up of a group of 12 well structured characters called swaras. Combinations of these swaras give birth to different Raagaas. Though classical music is gaining popularity, Raagaas are quite under-studied from the point of view of Computer Science. There have been attempts to model them, classify them and generate them using several techniques. In this paper, we study and summarize various such approaches. This includes Machine-Learning based approaches like the use of LSTMs, CNNs and HMMs for classification and LSTMs and GANs for generation. The focus of our survey is on various problems solved by the previous work and their subsequent merits and drawbacks. We also include the survey methodology, which is followed by the future directions and conclusion, where we highlight some problems and solutions that could be applied to obtain better results on tasks like Raagaa Classification.

Cases of mental health disorders are the biggest cause of maternal mortality (MMR) in Indonesia. Pregnant women with mental health disorders have risk factors resulting in miscarriage, bleeding during labor and postpartum hemorrhage and mothers are susceptible to infection, fetuses are at risk of premature birth, fetuses are susceptible to infection and Intra Uterine Fetal Death (IUFD). Objectives To determine the effect of antenatal classes with relaxation techniques on the mental health of pre-partum mothers in Pekanbaru City. Method This research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental research design using 2 groups, namely the intervention group of 30 people given antenatal class material treatment and applying breathing relaxation techniques for 1 month with 4 meetings and a control group of 30 people who were not given treatment for 1 month. The sampling technique is purposive sampling, primary and secondary data sources, Instruments used are attendance lists, paper questionnaires, KIA books, relaxation music, and antenatal class education modules. The research location is at the Senapelan Health Center and Rumbai Health Center, Data analysis uses univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with SPSS 21 dependent T-test. Results The average mental health score of the control group pretest (84.0) and posttest (71.9) P 0.000 while the intervention group pretest (64.4) and posttest (45.1) P 0.000. There is an effect of antenatal class with relaxation techniques on the mental health of prepartum mothers. The conclusion is that antenatal class with relaxation techniques is a new innovation to improve the mental health of prepartum mothers.

In music education, rhythm is a fundamental and essential element. Developing a strong sense of musical rhythm is particularly important for upper primary school students. In this paper, I analyzed current challenges in primary school rhythm instruction using various methods, including interviews, participation-observation, and case studies. Additionally, I explored effective rhythm teaching strategies through two specific lesson examples, aiming to provide recommendations for optimizing rhythm instruction in fifth-grade music classes in China. The research indicates that teachers should select methods that align with their students' needs, ensure continuity in course content, balance knowledge explanation with rhythmic perception, and nurture students' musical sense of rhythm.

The problem area ofthe proposed article is outlined by the issue of the development of academic piano performance in the realities of modern life, marked by the search by musicians for new approaches to the interpretation of musical classics in the conditions of rapid renewal of methods of communication with the audience. The innovative element of the investigation is associated with the inclusion of the media space (which is implemented mainly through the system of Internet tools) in the factual base of scientific research, which is a sign of the exclusive role of modern mass media in promoting the performing achievements of musicians. The study of Alexandre Tharaud’s releases from the perspective of media representations of his performance work is of exceptional interest, both from the perspective of revealing the performance phenomenon of the French pianist as a media figure, and from the point of view of solving the problem of actualizing academic art in the present, the way of broadcasting the experience of the past through the use of modern forms of presentation and a system of references between objects.

Chinese music classrooms face large classes, uneven resources, and time-limited lessons. We tested whether a compact “Blueprint” (autonomy-supportive tasks, transparent assessment, flow-aligned deep-work windows, weekly low-stakes improvisation, structured collaboration, inclusive repertoire) improves Psychological Climate (PC) and, through it, Creative Self-Realization (CSR). Cluster-randomized, mixed-methods trial in ordinary schools: 24 classes (12 Blueprint; 12 BAU), ≈38 students/class (N ≈ 900). Measures at baseline (T0), midline (T1), post (T2), and short follow-up (T3). Multilevel regressions and multilevel SEM tested PE → PC → CSR; blinded external ratings scored creative products (0–4 rubric). Blueprint improved the higher-order PC factor at T2 (β = 0.33, 95% CI [0.22, 0.44], p < .001). PC strongly predicted CSR (β = 0.52, [0.43, 0.60], p < .001); the indirect Blueprint → CSR effect via PC was β = 0.17 ([0.10, 0.25], p < .001), total β = 0.26 ([0.16, 0.36], p < .001). PC subscale effects (Cohen’s d) at T2: Safety 0.37, Autonomy 0.35, Competence 0.31, Goal clarity 0.29, Belonging 0.27. Product gains at T2 (Blueprint − BAU, 0–4 scale): Originality +0.38, Coherence +0.32, Craft +0.28, Reflective Intent +0.35. Lever models: assessment support → PC-Competence β = 0.28 and PC-Safety β = 0.26; flow design → PC-Goal clarity β = 0.24 with small direct boosts to Originality (β = 0.11) and Coherence (β = 0.09); improvisation dosage (per +5 min/week) → CSR β = 0.06. Moderation: PC × cultural inclusivity β = 0.07 (simple slopes: 0.58 vs 0.46), stronger Blueprint effects for lower-skill learners (INT→PC 0.41 vs 0.24), and buffering in large/low-resource classes via peer roles and stations. Same-lesson feedback improved next-iteration quality by +0.12. Mean fidelity ≈ 78%. Feasible, routine-based design warms climate and unlocks creativity in typical Chinese music classrooms. Small architectural shifts—clear criteria, protected deep-work, frequent improv, structured collaboration, inclusive repertoire, and same-lesson feedback—produce measurable gains in student engagement, efficacy, identity, and creative products.

Objective: This study aims to explore the role of musical collaboration in fostering social practices within music classrooms and to identify the factors that influence the success of such collaboration. Method: Employing a qualitative approach through interviews and observations, the research investigates how collaboration in music classes contributes to social dynamics among students. The data were collected through interviews conducted in the music studio at Campus A, University of Lampung. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that collaboration plays a significant role in building team cohesion, enhancing interpersonal skills, and strengthening students’ social character. Collaborative activities, such as arranging songs, vocal and instrumental rehearsals, group discussions to understand music theory, and participation in traditional music practices like the Lampung bronze ensemble, encourage open communication, mutual respect, empathy, and a shared sense of responsibility. Nevertheless, the collaborative process also faces challenges, including differences in individual abilities, varying levels of commitment, and difficulties in unifying creative ideas. Key factors for successful collaboration include effective communication, fair distribution of roles, and a supportive group dynamic. Conclusion: collaboration in music education not only enhances students’ musical competence but also shapes them into cooperative, reflective, and adaptable individuals within both social and professional environments.

Pakhawaj is a percussion Musical instrument, which is included in North Indian classical Music. There are two divisions of North Indian Sangeet Parampara (Music Tradition). The first one is 'Sompradaya' - parompara and the second one is 'Darbari' Parampara. 'Sompradaya' parampara was religious. It was temple oriented as well it was for non-professional musicians. 'Darbari' parampara was secular. It was oriented for professional musicians like professional court musician and professional caste musician. From generations and disciples of those professional court musicians and professional caste musicians, the Gharana system was started approximately from 18th century, in North Indian Classical Music. I try to discuss about parampara, Sampraday as well as Gharana. I also discuss here the named of different paramparas Gharanas of Pakhawaj. Mathura Parampara (Braja Mondal Parampara) which was religious or Haveli Parampara of Pakhwaj.

The application of information technology, especially artificial intelligence (AI), enables the music appreciation classes in junior high school to be richer and more comprehensive in the aspects of teaching content, resource design and personalized teaching. Artificial intelligence technology helps to improve the teaching efficiency and enhance the active participation of students through intelligent analysis, resource recommendation and interactive feedback. In this paper, the importance and practical significance of artificial intelligence-empowered music appreciation class are explored, and specific teaching methods based on flipped classroom and online and offline integrated teaching model are proposed, which provides practical reference for music teaching innovation empowered by artificial intelligence.

Music is believed to have originated during the Vedic period. It has been preserved as a tradition since ancient times through performances. Based on various authentic pieces of evidence in music, it is reasonable to say that performance developed alongside music. Two main genres, North Indian classical music and South Indian classical music, were already prevalent in ancient times. Over time, different singing styles emerged within Indian classical music, which have been continuously promoted through performances. Since the Vedic period, artists have been sharing music on stage. Musical performances have taken the form of stage traditions since ancient times, allowing artists to easily convey their thoughts and emotions to the audience through their art. In this tradition, a specially elevated stage was arranged for artists to present their art to the audience. Currently, the Internet is mainly used to showcase music and singing performances more effectively and easily to a global audience. Musicians can now connect with their listeners more effortlessly and deliver a richer emotional experience. Using various online platforms, such as television, social media, and YouTube, has made it easier to communicate the beauty, uniqueness, and significance of different singing styles to music lovers around the world. As internet use continues to grow, it is likely to increase public interest in music and facilitate global promotion. Consequently, in the future, authentic music will deeply resonate with listeners through singing performances. Therefore, this research topic can provide new insights and perspectives for future studies, aiming to make singing performances more natural and accessible. Therefore, this research topic will be useful in offering new insights and perspectives for new researchers. It aims to make singing performances more natural, simple, and well-organized. With the use of the internet, artists can easily convey their artistic expression and creativity to listeners and society.