City Of Curitiba Research Articles

Spatiotemporal diffusion of influenza A (H1N1): Starting point and risk factors.

Influenza constitutes a major challenge to world health authorities due to high transmissibility and the capacity to generate large epidemics. This study aimed to characterize the diffusion process of influenza A (H1N1) by identifying the starting point of the epidemic as well as climatic and sociodemographic factors associated with the occurrence and intensity of transmission of the disease. The study was carried out in the Brazilian state of Paraná, where H1N1 caused the largest impact. The units of spatial and temporal analysis were the municipality of residence of the cases and the epidemiological weeks of the year 2009, respectively. Under the Bayesian paradigm, parametric inference was performed through a two-part spatiotemporal model and the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) algorithm. We identified the most likely starting points through the effective distance measure based on mobility networks. The proposed estimation methodology allowed for rapid and efficient implementation of the spatiotemporal model, and provided evidence of different patterns for chance of occurrence and risk of influenza throughout the epidemiological weeks. The results indicate the capital city of Curitiba as the probable starting point, and showed that the interventions that focus on municipalities with greater migration and density of people, especially those with higher Human Development Indexes (HDIs) and the presence of municipal air and road transport, could play an important role in mitigation of effects of future influenza pandemics on public health. These results provide important information on the process of introduction and spread of influenza, and could contribute to the identification of priority areas for surveillance as well as establishment of strategic measures for disease prevention and control. The proposed model also allows identification of epidemiological weeks with high chance of influenza occurrence, which can be used as a reference criterion for creating an immunization campaign schedule.

Impact of oral health literacy on self-reported missing data in epidemiological research.

To investigate whether oral health literacy (OHL) impacts missing data obtained through self-reporting in oral health epidemiological research. A cross-sectional study was conducted with parents (n=344) of 4- to 5-year-old children randomly selected from public schools within the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Parental OHL was measured using the Brazilian version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30). Parents answered a set of questionnaires comprising 88 items concerning sociodemographic and economic data, children's access to dental services, oral hygiene behaviour, diet and mealtime behaviour. The total number of unanswered items (TUI) and the number of unanswered items in each type of question (open-ended, dichotomous, multiple choice with up to 4 options and with 5-9 options) for each participant was compared across different levels of OHL (chi-squared, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman's correlation test). Multiple Poisson regression was used to estimate rate ratios (RR) of TUI between OHL scores and their respective 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Approximately one-third of studied parents (37%) exhibited low OHL (BREALD-30≤21). The prevalence of missing data in at least one item was 85.5%. Low OHL was associated with failing to respond open-ended items (P=0.003) and multiple-choice items with up to 4 (P=0.003) and between 5 and 9 options (P=0.030). There was a negative correlation between OHL scores and TUI (r=-0.195; P<0.001), as well as with the number of unanswered items in all types of questions (P<0.01), except dichotomous questions. Parents with lower OHL were more likely to show higher values of TUI (RR 0.95: 0.93-0.98), when adjusted by income and education. Participants with lower OHL were significantly more likely to fail to complete research questionnaires. The impact of OHL on missing data was greater with more complex types of items.

Impact of Rainwater Harvesting on the Drainage System: Case Study of a Condominium of Houses in Curitiba, Southern Brazil

The objective of this work is to assess the impact of rainwater use in single-family houses on drinking water consumption and on the urban drainage system by means of a case study of a condominium of houses in the city of Curitiba, southern Brazil. A quantitative evaluation of the rainwater volume used and spilled in the recovery system was carried out using two methods for sizing the rainwater tank capacity. Using daily rainfall data and three demand scenarios of water consumption, it was possible to verify the efficiency and reliability of the adopted systems. Furthermore, in order to verify the impact on drainage, the greatest rainfall in the series was assessed and then it was possible to measure it by comparing the hydrograph peak flows with and without the rainwater harvesting systems in the watershed outfall, corresponding to the storage tanks (concrete boxes) in the condominium. It was concluded that there was a decrease in the peak flow of 4.9% and 4.4%, respectively, in the two storage tanks evaluated when the rainwater tank capacities were estimated using the method based on the German Practical Method.

Neck Circumference and its Correlation to Other Anthropometric Parameters and Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC).

The Neck Circumference (NC) is an anthropometric measure to evaluate obesity. The FINDRISC predicts the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our aims were to identify the mean value of NC in individuals with higher (≥15 points) and lower FINDRISC and to establish cutoff values that indicate individuals with higher FINDRISC. It is a population-based, cross-sectional study representative of the city of Curitiba, Brazil. We studied individuals (>18 years), without diabetes mellitus, between August 2013 and August 2014. We evaluated anthropometric parameters, glycaemia, socioeconomic situation, chronic conditions, and their risk factors. In a sex-specific analysis, data are presented as mean and standard deviation. We performed Pearson's and Spearman's correlation between NC and the waist circumference, body mass index and FINDRISC. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were estimated for NC and higher FINDRISC. Logistic regression models were built to analyze the association between higher FINDRISC and 1-SD increase in NC. We studied 950 individuals (621 women) with a mean age of 47.4 ± 17.6 years and body mass index of 26.2 ± 5.6 kg/m2. The mean NCs were 34.1 ± 3.1 cm in women and 38.2 ± 3.5 cm in men. Mean NC was lower in women (33.7 ± 2.9 cm vs. 35.8 ± 3.2 cm) and men (37.7 ± 3.4 cm vs. 41 ± 3.6 cm) with lower FINDRISC (p <0.001). All the correlations with NC were significant (p ≤ 0.001). The area under the curve for NC and the higher FINDRISC was 0.702 (95% CI 0.653 - 0.752) for women and 0.762 for men (95% CI 0.679 - 0.845), determining the best cutoff value of 34.5 cm for women and 39.5 cm for men to discriminate individuals with higher FINDRISC. Fully adjusted odds ratios for higher FINDRISC per 1-SD increase in NC in women and men were, respectively 1.89 (95% CI 1.53 - 2.33) and 2.86 (95% CI 1.91 - 4.29). NC is positively correlated to the body mass index, waist circumference, glycaemia, and FINDRISC scores in a population-based sample of adults. We identified the mean values of NC in higher and lower FINDRISC and established cutoff values for NC and higher FINDRISC.

Associação da atividade física de lazer com o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas em adultos

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Evidências mostram que atividade física (AF) pode se associar a níveis mais elevados de consumo de bebida alcóolica. Assim, esse estudo teve como objetivo verificar se existe ou não associação do nível de AF de lazer com o consumo de bebida alcóolica entre adultos de ambos os sexos. Dados secundários foram coletados do Ministério da Saúde (Vigitel) referente ao inquérito transversal realizado no ano de 2014, na cidade de Curitiba, PR, Brasil. A AF foi a variável de exposição e o consumo de bebida alcoólica a variável de desfecho. Participaram do estudo 1.504 adultos, sendo 557 homens com idade média de 51,7 ±18,6 anos e 947 mulheres com idade média de 55,7 ± 16,9 anos. O nível de AF foi categorizado em inativo e ativo e o consumo de bebida alcóolica em regular e abusivo. Os resultados foram controlados por sexo, idade e escolaridade. Os adultos ativos tiveram risco pelo menos 1,5 vezes maior (Razão de Prevalência (RP)= 1,5; IC95%: 1,2–1,9) para o consumo regular de bebida alcoólica e pelo menos 1,3 vezes maior (RP= 1,3; IC95%: 0,8–2,1) para o consumo abusivo, quando comparado aos inativos. Os homens ativos tiveram risco pelo menos 1,7 vezes maior (RP= 1,7; IC95%: 1,2–2,5) para o consumo regular e 2,3 vezes maior (RP= 2,3; IC95%: 0,9–5,7) para o consumo abusivo, enquanto mulheres ativas tiveram risco pelo menos 1,4 vezes maior (RP= 1,4; IC95%: 1,1–1,8) para o consumo regular e 0,9 vezes maior (RP= 0,9; IC95%: 0,6–1,7) para o consumo abusivo. Os resultados apoiam a existência de uma associação positiva incongruente entre o consumo de bebida alcoólica e a prática de AF.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Compilado de documentos históricos: campanha civil contra o comunismo e o nazifascismo no arquivo de Orestes Augusto Alves, Curitiba (1941-1942)

Este estudo procurou apresentar o compilado de documentos históricos, produzidos na cidade de Curitiba no período entre 1941 e 1942, intitulados campanha contra o nazismo. Como objetivos específicos, procurou-se apresentar Orestes Augusto Alves; descrever o que compõe esse compilado; contextualizar o momento histórico em que os documentos foram elaborados. Contou-se com os estudos de Bacellar (2015) para o tratamento dos arquivos. Foi possível perceber que Orestes e seu grupo estavam imbuídos do sentimento de nacionalismo promovido na Era Vargas, além disso, o grande número de imigrantes no sul do país e a repercussão da 2º Guerra Mundial reforçavam o medo da ameaça estrangeira.

Evaluation of the of Public Network Location Day Care Center: Models and Case Study

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the spatial distribution of public day care centers, based on two complementary analyzes: (i) Analysis of the Optimal or proposed Location; (ii) Analysis of the Expansion of existing units; and (ii) Analysis of the opening of new units. This problem is an important aspect of public administration, and can attend problems of inequalities observed in public education, in terms of accessibility and availability of places, for example. The mathematical programming models were generated using the VB.NET <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">©</sup> modeling language and were solved by the CPLEX <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">©</sup> solver. The usability of such models is tested using the data collected in the city of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. The results showed that there is an urgent need in expanding the number of vacancies in the existing day care centers, in order to attend the population and, also, the goals of the National Education Plan.

Comparison between thermal recovery in women with Raynaud's Phenomenon and not diagnosed women using thermography.

Thermography detects the infrared radiation emanated from bodies and transduces it in electrical analog signal. It has application as a complementary exam in several medical segments, including the reheating study to detect diseases like Raynaud's Phenomenon (RP). In this way, the aim of this study is to compare the heating behavior of the RP women and not diagnosed (ND) women for selection of diagnosis criteria. This retrospective study was undertaken in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. For the study, twenty-four volunteer women, with the age range of 30-70 years, were taken to participate of a survey, 12 of them have the clinical diagnostic of Secondary Raynauld's Phenomenon, and twelve women were not diagnosed. Volunteers answered an anamnesis and had the central body temperature measured. They were oriented to keep the hands free and to do not touch anything during 15 minutes for acclimatization. Then, the hands were immersed for 60 seconds in a container with water at 10 °C. New pictures were taken every five minutes during twenty minutes after the immersion. The heating curve of the right hand shows that RP women's hands are colder than ND women and are slower to reheat the temperature after cold stress. The ring (fourth finger) has a linear behavior in both hands. It was the coldest one and the slowest to reheat. Statistical difference was observed in critical times of reheating at 15 and 20 minutes after the cold stress. These results show that this finger could become a reference in studies to determine cutting points and to facilitate the clinical diagnosis of RP.

Reduction by half: the impact on bees of 34 years of urbanization

Urban ecosystems are growing rapidly and urbanization is an important cause of the loss of biodiversity. Bees are declining in abundance worldwide, including urban areas, and this decline is alarming because of their global importance as plant pollinators. Here we examine that decline by comparing a bee assemblage sampled in the 1980s and again in 2015, in an urban area of the city of Curitiba. Both studies sampled assemblages with hand-nets every two weeks during one year of study. Bee species richness has declined by 45% (112 species then, 63 today). Two species that have disappeared, Gaesischia fulgurans (Holmberg, 1903) and Thectochlora basiatra (Strand, 1910), have also disappeared elsewhere in the city. Also, relative abundances of species have changed, notably with the increase of social bees. Large bees that nest in cavities have also increased relative to small bees that nest in the ground. These findings are similar with previous reports indicating the sensibility of bees to urbanization. The increase in paved areas, in urban population and in exotic plants are all probably responsible for the sharp decline in bee diversity and abundance.

Caracterização da dinâmica dos ventos em Curitiba-PR

Este trabalho visa caracterizar a dinâmica dos ventos na cidade de Curitiba, capital do estado do Paraná, região Sul do Brasil. Para tanto, colheram-se dados de direção e velocidade dos ventos na estação meteorológica do Simepar no período de 2004 a 2015, totalizando 12 anos de dados em escala horária. A análise se baseou na geração de boxplotsapontando a oscilação da velocidade dos ventos em escala mensal e horária e na criação de gráficos em rosa dos ventos indicando as direções predominantes, novamente em escala horária e mensal. Concluiu-se que os ventos predominantes em Curitiba provêm dos setores leste e nordeste o ano todo e que, ao longo do dia, se alternam.

Cellulose membrane modified with polypyrrole as an extraction device for the determination of emerging contaminants in river water with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

In this study, a simple, efficient, and reusable device based on cellulose membranes modified with polypyrrole was developed to extract 14 emerging contaminants from aqueous matrices. For chemical polymerization, a low-cost cellulose membrane was immersed in 0.1mol/L pyrrole and 0.5mol/L ammonium persulfate for 40min in an ice/water bath. The cellulose membranes modified with polypyrrole were accommodated in a polycarbonate holder suitable for solid-phase extraction disks. Solid-phase extraction parameters that affect extraction efficiency, such as sample volume, pH, flow rate, and desorption were optimized. Subsequently, determination of target compounds was performed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The linear range for analytes ranged from 0.05 to 500 μg/L, with coefficients of determination above 0.990. The limits of quantification varied between 0.05 and 10 μg/L, with relative standard deviations lower than 17%. The performance of the proposed cellulose membranes modified with polypyrrole device for real samples was evaluated after extraction of emerging contaminants from a river water sample from the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Bisphenol A (6.39 μg/L), caffeine (17.83 μg/L), and paracetamol (19.28 μg/L) were found in these samples.

Singing, Laughing, and Napping: Foster Care Babies Making Music in Brazil

After years of working as teachers in a private music school in Curitiba, southern Brazil, we created a project in 2016 involving babies in foster care homes. Amongst dozens of foster care homes, Lar Dona Vera is one in the city of Curitiba that shelters about 20 children, aged 0 to 9, who are taken away from their families due to reports of domestic violence and abuse. These children live at Lar Dona Vera while they wait to be reunited with their biological families or until they are directed toward adoption (LAR, 2018). In the last 2 years, this institution, especially the unit that shelters babies aged 0 to 2, has been involved in a project with the music school Alecrim Dourado Formação Musical, where a group of six to eight babies go every Friday morning to participate in musical activities.

Incentivo à ciclomobilidade em Curitiba-PR: desenvolvimento do modelo lógico dos programas Pedala Curitiba e CicloLazer

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver o modelo lógico dos programas Pedala Curitiba e Ciclolazer da cidade de Curitiba, PR. Foi empregada uma abordagem mista de métodos de pesquisa para obter e analisar informações sobre os programas. Foram conduzidas entrevistas com 32 profissionais, antigos e atuais, ligados aos programas de ciclomobilidade promovidos pela prefeitura, além de análise de documentos. As informações obtidas foram empregadas para estabelecer os elementos do modelo lógico, segundo o proposto pelo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Os programas apresentam características multissetoriais, sendo um fator importante para sua manutenção. Os modelos lógicos dos programas apontam para a necessidade de melhor alinhamento entre recursos, produtos e objetivos dos programas para dar maior conhecimento sobre o custo-efetividade do mesmo. Além disto, o alcance dos objetivos pode ser fortalecido com a ampliação e a regularidade de ações informativas junto à comunidade, o que pode auxiliar no processo de construção de apoio político aos programas.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

The Internationalization Behavior of SMEs from a Purchase Perspective

The aim of present study was to analyze the internationalization behavior of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) regarding purchases using four questions: why, what, when and where. Structured interviews were conducted at SMEs located in the city of Curitiba and Metropolitan Region, Brazil, which dealt with the machinery and equipment sector. Regarding the reasons for internationalization (why), the main results showed agreement with motivators associated with cheaper products, advanced technology, higher quality and exclusivity, as well as an expectation of increasing organizational competitiveness. Internationalization items (what) sought out by SMEs were mostly items considered strategic. Regarding internationalization period (when), younger companies tended to start their internationalization process earlier. However, both the age of the company and the year of international entry did not directly explain or influence international expansion. Finally, place of internationalization (where) showed that a variety of countries have been involved with SMEs since their creation. However, the age of the company and the age of international entry could not directly explain or influence international geographic speed (entry into new countries).

Crenças sobre práticas parentais em crianças em famílias de crianças com atraso no desenvolvimento

Compreender as crenças sobre as práticas parentais, pode fornecer elementos aos profissionais na atuação junto à criança nos anos iniciais da infância e à sua família, elaborando estratégias efetivas de Intervenção Precoce. O objetivo foi investigar as crenças sobre as práticas parentais em famílias de crianças com atrasos no desenvolvimento. Participaram 36 famílias de 40 crianças que frequentam a Educação Infantil e apresentam diferentes atrasos em seu desenvolvimento, da cidade de Curitiba, Brasil. Foi realizada uma visita domiciliar para cada família, em que os pais responderam a dois questionários. Entre os resultados, verificou-se que quanto maior nível de importância às crenças sobre práticas de Apresentação da criança em público, menor é o grau de escolaridade parental. Conclui-se que as crenças sobre as práticas parentais se diferenciam quando relacionadas a outros fatores, em especial com a escolaridade parental e presença de práticas religiosas, que mostraram elevada importância para esta amostra.

PRODUCTION OF PARTICLEBOARD FROM DISCARDED FURNITURE1

ABSTRACT This research aims to evaluate the quality of particleboard produced with particles generated from discarded furniture, both in its pure form or mixed with industrial particles of Pinus. The material was collected in the region of Curitiba City (Paraná) in the form of chips processed in an industrial chipper of a company specialized in waste wood recycling. The experimental plan consisted in producing panels with 10%, 25%, 50% and 75% of particles obtained from discarded furniture mixed with particles of Pinus, and panels with 100% of such materials. Panels were produced with nominal density of 0,70 g/cm3, using the urea-formaldehyde resin in a proportion of 10% solids - dry basis weight of the particles and 1% paraffin emulsion. The panels were pressed with a specific pressure of 4,0 MPa, temperature of 140ºC and pressing time of 10 minutes. The results of internal bond met the requirements of the standard EN 312, which indicates that there was an adequate bonding of these particles obtained from discarded furniture. The results of physical and mechanical properties of the panels demonstrated the feasibility of using particles from discarded furniture when producing particleboard, with the possibility of full use of these particles from waste without mixing it with industrial particles of Pinus free from contamination.

Two new species of Leptogenys from southern Brazil (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Two new species of ants belonging to the genus Leptogenys are described: L. academica n. sp., and L. carioca n. sp., both belonging to the crudelis group. The former species is known from the city of Curitiba while the other species occurs in montane forests of the Itatiaia Plateau. We provide descriptions based on the worker caste, images, as well as a modification of the key presently used for identifying the New World workers of Leptogenys.

ESTIMATION OF FEMALE BODY FAT PERCENTAGE BASED ON BODY CIRCUMFERENCES

ABSTRACT Introduction: The increase in the prevalence of obesity entails the need for accurate low-cost methods to estimate body fat percentage (BF%). Objective: The aim of this study was to develop mathematical models to estimate the BF% of young women from southern Brazil using inexpensive equipment, based on body circumferences (BC), considering the shortage of specific studies of this population. Methods: Subjects were women (n=130) aged 18 to 35 years (26.06±4.41 years), from the city of Curitiba. Body mass and stature were measured and used to estimate body mass index (BMI), while BC measurements of the arm, forearm, waist (narrowest point and umbilicus), abdomen, hip, thigh and leg were taken for use in the mathematical models. Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) equipment recorded the BF%. Pearson’s correlation was used for anthropometric variables and age in association with BF%. The indicators with best correlations were used to estimate linear regression mathematical models for prediction of BF%. The results of the two models and of nine anthropometric equations were compared to those obtained with the DXA using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and paired t-test. Results: Age was not significantly correlated with BF% (r=0.113 and p=0.200). The BCs with the highest correlations with BF% were abdomen, hip and waist - umbilicus (r=0.697, 0.682, 0.660, respectively, and p&lt;0.001). Eight equations showed positive correlation with BF%, but only the results obtained with the models estimated in this study did not differ from those of DXA, with paired t-test. Mathematical models were developed with three (r=0.744, r²=0.554; t=0.16 and p=0.869) and six (r=0.768, r²=0.591; t=-0.04 and p=0.967) anthropometric variables. Conclusion: The use of mathematical models developed for estimating BF% based on body circumference and body mass is considered feasible. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

Smart city and quality of life: Citizens’ perception in a Brazilian case study

Abstract Smart cities attract considerable attention from academics and urban planners mainly in the context of urban development policies. Based on technological innovations, smart cities are complex ecosystems that have the potential to improve urban livability, workability and sustainability through a network of people, processes and data. However, according to academics and urban planners the smart city concept favors technological products and solutions over end users and their quality of life. This perspective calls for an integrated analysis approach that considers the smart city as an organic whole, which encompasses objective and subjective quality of life domains (QOL). This paper aimed to evaluate the perception of quality of life in a smart city and to analyze the main elements of citizens’ satisfaction with their home city. The research analyzed the city of Curitiba, in Southern Brazil, claimed to be a livable, green, and inclusive city and one of the ten smartest cities in the world. Interviews with 400 residents identified four main QOL domains: socio-structural relationships, environmental well-being, material well-being and community integration. The respondents’ overall perception revealed their low satisfaction with the main elements that characterize Curitiba as a smart city. This finding calls for a better understanding of the planning and management of smart cities in conjunction with the QOL elements and their effects on citizens. The research provides some contributions to understand the interconnected facets of QOL domains in the Smart Cities context. From a smart city perspective, the research concludes that success within the domain of smart living can be achieved by providing the four factors revealed by the analysis. According to our results, meeting these criteria of success would improve citizen’s quality of life, creating a stronger community within the city. Finally, the study provides relevant information for social researchers and urban planners by identifying factors that influence QOL perceptions and providing elements for political and academic debate.

PREVALÊNCIA DE FLEBITE RELACIONADA AO USO DE DISPOSITIVOS INTRAVENOSOS PERIFÉRICOS EM CRIANÇAS

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de flebite relacionada ao uso de dispositivos intravenosos periféricos em crianças em um hospital universitário. Método: Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, quantitativo, com base em dados provenientes da ficha de notificação de flebite relacionada à terapia intravenosa periférica, no período de junho de 2011 a junho de 2014, da unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica, na cidade de Curitiba-PR. Resultados: De um total de 1306 cateteres, foram notificados 339 casos de flebite (prevalência de 26%) no período de três anos. A prevalência de flebite foi de 34% nas crianças de 0 a 2 anos e de 30,2% (n=179) no sexo feminino. Quanto à classificação das flebites 82,6% (n=280) eram de Grau 1 e o tempo médio de permanência do dispositivo foi de 49,92 ± 43,19 horas. Conclusão: Os dados apresentados demonstram alta prevalência de flebite em pacientes pediátricos e a necessidade de buscar medidas que reduzam esses eventos.