Knowledge Of Citizens Research Articles

Knowledge Acquisition and Meaning‑making in the Participatory Budgeting of Local Governments

The participatory budgeting of Brazilian municipalities is one of the most publicized examples of democracy‑in‑action that fosters citizenship knowledge acquisition in local government. This research adds two new perspectives to the participatory process. The first one demonstrates how knowledge is acquired and shared, and which are the new contextual conditions for this acquisition to happen, which we call, the knowledge acquisition process. At second, we explain the meaning‑making process as a subjective way to acquire knowledge about oneself, the others, and the democratic systems. Citizens, public servants, policy‑makers, and politicians acquire new meanings for the role they play in local government and become reengaged on democracy through the ontological change from representative to participatory and deliberative democracy. In this qualitative research, our methodological bricolage relies on the triangulation of methods (i.e. documentation review and observations of behaviors and procedures; in‑depth‑interviews; and, focus groups) and sources (i.e. comparison of cases, and stakeholders). The bricolage deconstructs these social actions on their constituents, vis‑a‑vis hidden intentions; instruments; and, implementation. Among the several Brazilian cases, this longitudinal study (i.e. 12 years) concentrates on five of them. Our findings suggest that the participation in the process allows for a change on individuals’ understanding of democracy, enhances citizenship knowledge acquisition, reframes the meaning of citizenship, and improves the quality of relationships among the stakeholders involved. In the participatory budgeting, citizens learn, what critical theory calls “to emancipate”. They act as if they were members of an ideal kingdom of ends in which they were both subjects and sovereigns at the same time, which guarantees citizenship engagement, learning and development.

Too Immature to Have a Sense of Duty? Civic Duty in Youths Aged 16 and 17

An increasing number of studies investigated whether citizens under 18 are mature enough to vote. While this research addresses the level of political interest and knowledge in young citizens, and the quality of their voting decision, it does not explore their sense of civic duty to vote and its role for their participation in elections. This is surprising, as the sense of civic duty to vote is one of the main drivers of electoral turnout. Looking at the Austrian case, where voting is possible from the age of 16, we contribute to closing this gap. In particular, we investigate (1) the role of civic duty for the participation of young citizens in elections and (2) what constitutes differences in the sense of civic duty between 16- and 17-year-old citizens and those aged 18 and older. We show that the young citizens’ sense of duty to vote affects their decision to turn out, but that they display a lower sense of duty than those aged 21 and above. These differences seem to be connected to the young citizens’ level of political interest and knowledge, and their involvement in discussion networks. The results have important implications for academics, educators, and policymakers.

CAATINGA BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES: A CASE STUDY WITH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Environmental education with a focus on biodiversity values can be an instrument for sensitization, reflection, construction of a critical vision and behavior change, being the knowledge of local Biodiversity, fundamental for the valorization and conservation of the native elements, including the Caatinga that has always been underestimated by its dry appearance and poor appearance. This work aimed to present a diagnosis on the environment, Caatinga biodiversity and ecosystem services, with students from a municipal school in Juazeiro / BA. In order to do so, we used qualitative and quantitative research, through bibliographic research, in which the conceptual and normative aspects were addressed through books, articles, journals and others, as well as through questionnaires for students. It is necessary that society acquires practices of environmental education as an educational process, providing knowledge and exercises of citizenship for a critical and conscious action.

Conocimientos financieros y capacidades financieras en colaboradores de una organización del Noreste Colombiano

A nivel mundial la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), promueve la educación financiera con la finalidad de desarrollar conocimientos económicos en los ciudadanos para valerse en la vida, entender la sociedad y mejorar el mundo, de allí que, el estudio determina en qué medida los conocimientos financieros de los colaboradores de una organización del Noreste Colombiano se relacionan con sus capacidades financieras, como aspecto clave de la administración financiera. Para ello, se estableció un diseño cuantitativo descriptivo y correlacional no experimental de corte transversal, en la que se incluyeron por muestra probabilista 114 colaboradores, y se aplicó la encuesta sobre conocimientos y capacidades financieras diseñada para esta investigación y validada con un Alfa de Cronbach de 0.876; mostrando una alta consistencia interna. Además, se realizaron preguntas sociodemográficas y complementarias incluidas en la misma encuesta. Los resultados evidencian una relación significativa del 47% (0.476) y valor (P < 0.000), entre los conocimientos financieros y las capacidades financieras de los colaboradores. A nivel de resultados complementarios se encontró que las mujeres se endeudan más que los hombres y el conocimiento financiero es la variable con mayor dificultad para la población. Asimismo, las capacidades financieras se manifiestan con un 62% en un nivel medio alto y alto como fortaleza de la población. Por tanto, siendo que las variables se relacionan directa y positivamente, se deben potenciar estrategias para mejorar la administración de recursos en los empleados por medio de la construcción de escenarios de formación y educación financiera.

Interdisciplinary Educational Approach STEM and HASS Knowledge Fields Using ICTs Support. Case of an Application for a Pilot Experiment

This paper investigates the possibility of a holistic interdisciplinary and cross-thematic educational approach of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) and HASS (Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences) knowledge fields. The interdisciplinary educational approach of STEΜ and HASS knowledge branches, set out to resolve complex issues in an innovative way, can assist the development of the students into active and knowledgeable citizens so they will be able to face actual problems whose nature is always interdisciplinary. There is reference in elements which advocate the necessity of this holistic cross-thematic approach and additionally theories and techniques are established which are able to support it. Main characteristic of this development is its support with ICTs. Characteristics of a relevant educational scenario are presented. The scenario is implemented as a pilot experiment and relevant results can be extracted. The scenario is recommended as prototype due to its special interdisciplinarity, the educational techniques that were utilized, and its design procedure based on principles of Educational Management & Engineering and due to the positive results from its pilot implementation. Relevant conclusions are projected.

Interdisciplinary Educational Approach STEM and HASS Knowledge Fields Using ICTs Support. Case of an Application for a Pilot Experiment

This paper investigates the possibility of a holistic interdisciplinary and cross-thematic educational approach of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) and HASS (Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences) knowledge fields. The interdisciplinary educational approach of STE? and HASS knowledge branches, set out to resolve complex issues in an innovative way, can assist the development of the students into active and knowledgeable citizens so they will be able to face actual problems whose nature is always interdisciplinary. There is reference in elements which advocate the necessity of this holistic cross-thematic approach and additionally theories and techniques are established which are able to support it. Main characteristic of this development is its support with ICTs. Characteristics of a relevant educational scenario are presented. The scenario is implemented as a pilot experiment and relevant results can be extracted. The scenario is recommended as prototype due to its special interdisciplinarity, the educational techniques that were utilized, and its design procedure based on principles of Educational Management & Engineering and due to the positive results from its pilot implementation. Relevant conclusions are projected.

Uses and Abuses of Ideology in Political Psychology

Ideology is a central construct in political psychology. Even so, the field's strong claims about an ideological public rarely engage evidence of enormous individual differences: a minority with real ideological coherence and weak to nonexistent political belief organization for everyone else. Here, I bridge disciplinary gaps by showing the limits of mass political ideology with several popular measures and components—self‐identification, core political values (egalitarian and traditionalism's resistance to change), and policy indices—in representative U.S. surveys across four decades (Ns ~ 13 k–37 k), plus panel data testing stability. Results show polar, coherent, stable, and potent ideological orientations only among the most knowledgeable 20–30% of citizens. That heterogeneity means full‐sample tests overstate ideology for most people but understate it for knowledgeable citizens. Whether through top‐down opinion leadership or bottom‐up ideological reasoning, organized political belief systems require political attention and understanding to form. Finally, I show that convenience samples make trouble for ideology generalizations. I conclude by proposing analytic best practices to help avoid overclaiming ideology in the public. Taken together, what first looks like strong and broad ideology is actually ideological innocence for most and meaningful ideology for a few.

Rallying citizen knowledge to assess wildlife occurrence and habitat suitability in anthropogenic landscapes

Transforming conservation science and practice calls for rallying people's interest in biodiversity while evaluating the response of biodiversity to anthropogenic transformations. Anthropogenic landscapes are critical as they encompass most of the available spaces for living species and shape evolutionary forces for wildlife in the Anthropocene.We propose a methodology to assess wildlife distribution and habitat suitability in such landscapes based-on local knowledge. With increasing human population and habitat degradation, human-baboon conflicts are exacerbating throughout the Western Cape, South Africa. During participatory mapping workshops, we collected baboon sightings and indices of landscape use by participants to control observer bias to model baboon occurrence using presence-only models (with MaxEnt). We considered different biases associated with citizen data in the modelling process and conducted field validations. Sightings redundancy allows identifying core and extended baboons distribution ranges. We found that the distances to protected areas and wildlife corridors were the main determinants of baboon occurrence while land-cover had little influence. This later result underlies baboons behavioural flexibility in coping with land-use change. Overall, our results are consistent with studies using GPS collars in similar environments.Beyond generating meaningful information to understand wildlife distribution in anthropogenic landscape with a low-cost, fast and non-invasive approach, our methodology allowed local stakeholders to share insights about human-baboon coexistence. Well-designed participatory and collaborative methodologies are critical in conservation programmes, we discuss the role of developing such participatory mapping and modelling approaches to not only produce relevant information when resources are limited but also to unravel local solutions for conservation.

The Role of Economic, Social and Environmental Benefits for Customer Loyalty in Different Sharing Services

Across five samples (i.e., apartment, car, garment, bike and food sharing), this paper shows that there are several reasons why customers want to maintain a relationship with a sharing service provider. Our paper contributes to research on the sharing economy and loyalty research by showing the diverse effects of economic, social and environmental benefits on customer loyalty. In contrast to the sharing industry’s communication to “serve a better world”, community or environmental motives do not generally drive consumers’ intentions to use a sharing provider again. Economic reasons dominate in all five sharing sectors. Thus, the economic perspective on the sharing economy trumps the motive of “doing good for others”. In the case of all five samples, it is self-centered benefits that drive customers to remain loyal. In consequence, sharing providers that would focus primarily on the social and environmental reasons of their customers would implement less effective means. Thus, their customers might be less loyal. One reason for the lower impact of social and environment benefits might be due to the industry itself. Consumers might for example lack comprehensive and reliable information about the environmental effects of sharing services. Thus, evaluating and communicating potential effects for the environment might help to increase consumers’ loyalty in the future. Furthermore, it is in the field of mobility services where all three benefits increase customer loyalty. Whereas carsharing consumers are mostly motivated by economic benefits, bike sharing consumers mostly maintain their relationship because of their desire to belong to a group. These different findings illustrate that specific transport services are used because of the different motives of consumers. The economic benefits of carsharing stem very probably from the high(er) costs of car purchases and their maintenance costs. Buying a bike requires less effort and, thus, economic reasons are less relevant. The importance of social benefits for bike sharing might result from several bike sharing firms investing vast sums of money in recent years and, thus, the visibility of the bikes in public. Moreover, on social media, these firms particularly emphasize the use of bikes in touristy and big cities, thus signaling belonging to a group of mindful and knowledgeable citizens. In consequence, consumers might feel that they are part of a voguish group as it was shown that trend affinity increase repurchase intentions for Airbnb accommodation. The findings also show that loyalty towards providers of apartment sharing is mostly driven by economic benefits. This can be explained by two reasons. First, the apartment sharers mainly advertise that people can save money. Second, consumers of apartment sharing might prefer apartment sharing because they travel more frequently than others. Thus, they need to focus on reasonable prices to continue to travel frequently. The benefit of belonging also increases loyalty, but to a lesser extent. Thus, pursuing the idea of belonging to a group of similar-minded people increases customer loyalty. However, we explain the rather small effect on loyalty with the lack of intense contact with the apartment provider and/or neighbors of the apartment or house. It appears that apartment users seem to cognitively prefer the idea of being a part of a group but not necessarily engage with others in the tourist spot. Furthermore, there is no proven effect of environmental motives on the loyalty of apartment sharers. This can be explained with either the lack of knowledge about the environmental effect, or the knowledge that apartment sharing might be less beneficial to the environment than communicated. To conclude, our paper provides not only detailed findings about five industries of the sharing economy but also delineates management implications for each single sector. In summary, we suggest that sharing providers should not transfer marketing means from other sharing sectors without reflecting upon this beforehand. The drivers of consumers’ loyalty are diverse and marketing means in one industry will be less effective in another.

РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ НЕПЕРЕРВНОЇ ОСВІТИ В ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОМУ ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОСТОРІ: НОРМАТИВНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ

The article reveals the European context of the meaning of the «continuing education» concept, which is interpreted in the Memorandum on Lifelong Learning as a purposeful educational activity conducted on an ongoing basis to improve the knowledge, skills and abilities of citizens and is a basic principle of the education system. Continuing education has become a key element in the European Union definition of strategies to build the world’s most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based society. The analysis of international documents adopted by EU countries showed that the implementation of continuing education strategies in national systems is recognized as one of the priority areas and fundamental principles of educational system development in EU countries, which direct the national policy of their countries to implement the concept of lifelong learning and encourage higher education institutions increase access to education for different age groups. The system of continuing education is divided into three components. The first – additional professional education – contributes to the formation of the professional basis of human resources of the modern high-tech economy. The second component of the system of continuing education provides various groups with the opportunity to adapt to changing living conditions. The third component of the system of continuing education provides for the satisfaction of various individual educational needs of citizens. The implementation of the concept of continuing education is aimed at covering the educational programs of all people – from the youngest to the elderly. Attention is focused on finding ways to democratize access to education, increase the value of knowledge, increase investment in education and bring it closer to the consumer. The study and analysis of international documents on continuing education is necessary for the further development of the education system of Ukraine, which corresponds to the general trend of development of education systems in European and global space

Focus o estilo: ¿qué intereses defienden y cómo se comportan los concejales de la ciudad de Barranquilla?

espanolEste articulo aproximo el analisis del rol de la representacion politica de los concejales de la ciudad de Barranquilla, en Colombia, a partir de la doble dimension: focus(que intereses representan) y estilo (si se comportan siguiendo instrucciones o, por el contrario, siguiendo sus propios intereses). Asimismo, estudio el conocimiento sobre las caracteristicas sociopoliticas y demograficas de la elite politica local de la ciudad y la identificacion y la definicion de los factores que influyen (explican) la configuracion del papel de estos frente a la representacion politica. Del mismo modo, a partir de las actitudes, creencias y percepciones de los concejales, se busca responder a interrogantes relacionados con la democracia, sus actores e instituciones, las pautas politicas y las reglas de juego politico local. Finaliza el articulo, resaltando, en el caso colombiano, la escasa literatura sobre elites politicas locales y, por tanto, la necesidad de ahondar en el estudio y conocimiento de los representantes mas cercanos a los ciudadanos. EnglishThis article approached the analysis of the role of the political representation of the councilors of the city of Barranquilla, in Colombia, from the double dimension: focus(what interests they represent) and style (if they behave following instructions or, on the contrary, following their own interests). Likewise, it studied the knowledge on the socio-political and demographic characteristics of the local political elite of the city as well as the identification and definition of the factors that influence (or explain) the configuration of their role vis-a-vis their political representation. Similarly, based on the attitudes, beliefs and perceptions of the councilors, it also seeks to answer questions related to democracy, its actors and institutions, political guidelines and the rules of the local political game. The article ends highlighting the scarce literature on local political elites in the Colombian case and, therefore, the need to delve into the study and knowledge of the citizens’ closest representatives.

“I Know from Personal Experience”: Citizen News Discussions and Knowledge Sharing on Reddit

“I Know from Personal Experience”: Citizen News Discussions and Knowledge Sharing on Reddit

Aplikacije utemeljene na mnoštvu i društveni izazovi

The spread of mobile technology and ubiquitous connectivity have opened great possibilities for the implementation of applications that leverage data generated by normal users’ interactions on the web. As a consequence, there is a growing interest in crowd-based applications, namely those programs that involve people in a participatory or opportunistic way. In many cases, data can be gathered automatically without user intervention and, in some cases, even without their explicit knowledge. The possibility to elude a users’ awareness fosters concerns regarding the potential risks hidden inside crowd-based applications. These applications might compromise the privacy of citizens, whilst data collected by them might be used to manipulate people’s opinions. The governance of technology is a controversial area, and there is a wide array of different positions on the matter. There are those who dogmatically argue the positive value of technology, while others interpret the ongoing digital advancements as a dystopian menace. This article focuses on crowd-based applications, highlighting some societal challenges and risks that they may present. Technology runs so fast that it is challenging to keep pace with the changes brought by the digital revolution. However, an effort is required to extend the depth of digital knowledge of citizens and involve them in the use of the new technologies, and in this endeavor, greater knowledge is an essential step in any critical process.

Penguatan Penyampaian Laporan SPT Tahunan PPh Pasal 21 Dengan E-SPT Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Bagi Pegawai Kantor Kecamatan Arcamanik Bandung

On-line Annual Tax Returns Article 21 Taxpayers Socialization of 2018 Personal Taxpayers using e-SPT on March 2019 can increase knowledge for citizens about 21 annual income tax reporting, especially in the Lengkong District environment and from the socialization it increases tax reporting knowledge income as provisions for the citizens of the Arcamanik District of Bandung and can follow the current tax developments.

Contribution to Citizenship of Tunisian Students during PSE Sessions

Many research and international reports have shown that civic education at the school corresponds to a strong societal need and that citizen knowledge is taken care of by school disciplines. This research aimed to verify the contribution of physical education and sport (PSE) to the citizenship of middle school students. The analyzes include Official Texts (OT) governing PSE and practices of PSE teachers. The results show that PSE is a school discipline that promotes student citizenship in two complementary modes; on the one hand, the use of physical and sports activities (PSA) that implicitly carry civic values; on the other hand, the direct intervention of the teacher who translates his values into action.

Sosialisasi Tentang Investasi Untuk Warga Kembangan Utara Jakarta Barat

This community service activity is themed “Information about the Capital Market to North Kembangan residents in West Jakarta". The activity is carried out by providing an explanation of the meaning, role, and benefits of the Capital Market in the economy. The history, structure, and institutions related to the Capital Market were explained. The explanation also concerns the basic understanding of trading mechanisms in the Capital Market. The explanation was given by counseling followed by a discussion session, questions and answers from the participants. The results of this activity provide increased knowledge of citizens about the Capital Market, as measured by a questionnaire distributed before and after the activity that contains questions about the Capital Market. The results of the analysis of the questionnaire answers in the form of a comparison of the questionnaire showed a change in public knowledge about capital market investment.
 Keywords: capital market investment, financial literacy

URGENSI CIVIC EDUCATION DALAM KEHIDUPAN BERNEGARA

Civic education in each country has their respective goals in accordance with the value system and political system adopted by a country. Objectives play a very important role, because they will direct all teaching activities and color the other components. To be clear and focused, the purpose of civic education must be based on the values in the philosophy of a country, and accommodate the development of the demands and needs of society. In Indonesia, civic education aims to form good citizens who have citizenship knowledge about their rights and obligations as a citizen, citizenship skills capable of participating in state affairs, and have citizenship attitudes / values in accordance with the ideology of Pancasila. Civic education is formally provided at every level of education through subjects and courses in Civic Education. This research is a qualitative study that is a literature study (library research) that uses books and other literature as the main object. Keywords : Objectives, Civic Education, Indonesia

Black Epistemologies and Blues Methodology: Engaging Liminal Ontological Space in Qualitative Research

This article demonstrates how liminality provides methodological possibilities that consider affective, social, and cultural knowledge domains in interdisciplinary qualitative research. Arguing that researching perspectives of liminal citizens whose intellectual traditions exist outside the bonds of the most liberal citizenship conceptions requires liminal ontological space for researchers to un think the research process. In this blues poetic narrative, I recount how Black Studies liminal concepts of alterity, blues epistemology, and forms of life twisted in my research praxis informing a critical culturally appropriate methodology which is the blues methodology. The methodology is a social inquiry designed to use community knowledge to identity and address issues of democratic governance, spatial displacement, and educational equity. Situated within the Black Studies theoretical perspective, blues methodology employs cultural tools to create liminal ontological space for historically marginalized Black epistemologies to challenge and recreate citizenship knowledge and practices from the alterity vantage point.

Aktif Yurttaşlık İle Dindarlık Durumu Arasındaki İlişkinin Sosyolojik Açıdan İncelenmesi

Gündelik hayat pratiklerinin önemli bir bölümünü yurttaşlık ilişkileri oluşturur. İnsanların yurttaşlık ilişkilerini sürdürürken ortaya koyduğu gündelik hayat pratikleri ile zihniyet yapılarından dolayısıyla da inanç dünyaları ve dindarlık durumlarından bağımsız değildir. Türkiye’de, Cumhuriyet dönemiyle birlikte somutlaşan ve hız kazanan demokratikleşme sürecinde aktif yurttaşlık her zamankinden daha fazla önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın genel amacı yetişkin bireylerin aktif yurttaşlık nitelik ve davranışları ile dindarlık düzeyli arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Bu kapsamda, katılımcıların yurttaşlık ilgileri, yurttaşlık katılım düzeyleri, karar verme süreçleri, bilgi kaynakları, yurttaşlıkla ilgili hak ve sorumluluk farkındalıkları, yurttaşlık öz-yeterlilikleri ile etkin yurttaşlık katılımcılığının önündeki sosyo-kültürel engelleri dindarlık durumu değişkeni açısından incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, nicel veri toplama tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, nicel veri toplama aracı olarak enlemesine tarama deseni kapsamında anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Anket sorularının araştırma durumunu ve soruların açıklığa kavuşturulmasını sağlayıp sağlamadığını test etmek amacıyla araştırmanın hedef katılımcıları üzerinde bir pilot çalışma yapılmıştır.

KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS, AND ATTITUDES OF MALAYSIAN STUDENT ON GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION

Student’s perception on the current global citizenship education might have evolved. This study aims to identify the level of knowledge, skills, and attitudes of global citizenship from students’ perceptions. It also examined the relationship between students’ knowledge with the skills and attitudes of global citizenship. This study involved 155 first semester students in a public university in Malaysia. The selection of these respondents is to get their views on the education of global citizenship they received at schools. They were chosen because they had just finished secondary schools, and their experiences were still fresh in memory. They also came from various schools in Malaysia and able to draw on the experience of global citizenship education in Malaysia. This study was quantitative and used a questionnaire as the research instrument. The findings show that the level of knowledge, skills, and attitudes of students towards global citizenship is at a moderate level. The relationship between knowledge, skill, and attitude towards global citizenship is high, positive, and significant. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that skill and attitude are the predictors for the knowledge in the students. This study implies that global citizenship education is important to equip students to understand global issues and become global citizens.