The diagnosis of traumatic hematobilia, which is often obscure, can be aided by scintillation scanning of the liver after the administration of a suitably labeled radioactive compound. The physician who examines a patient with gastrointestinal bleeding following abdominal trauma must consider hemorrhage from the biliary system among other possibilities. The correct diagnosis is especially important because of the treacherous course of this disease: failure to consider hematobilia may lead to a false sense of security, and fatal errors in patient management may occur. Although only 27 cases have been reported in the literature (1) since Sandblom's (2) original description of this entity, interest in the condition has stimulated some discussion (3–5). Emphasis has been placed on clinical suspicion of hematobilia in the absence of another demonstrable bleeding site, following appropriate roentgen studies. Two special procedures are suggested by Schatzki (6) as potential means of identifying liver hemorrhage. These are selective arteriography and scintillation scanning of the liver. Recently we studied 2 cases of traumatic hematobilia by scintillation scanning. This method proved an effective means of confirming the diagnosis and may provide an excellent opportunity for following progress of the disease. The cases to be presented showed a fairly typical clinical course. Case I: K. D., an 8-year-old white male, was struck by a truck on Feb. 10, 1962, and brought immediately to Cincinnati General Hospital. He had suffered a contusion to the abdomen and a fracture of the clavicle. Hematocrit was 29 per cent, the vital signs were good, and the patient was sent home. On Feb. 17, the child began to complain of generalized abdominal pain and vomited blood-stained material. On readmittance, an abdominal paracentesis revealed blood in the abdomen. At laparotomy a laceration of the right lobe of the liver was sutured. The boy improved postoperatively, and was discharged. On March 8, the patient vomited bright red blood. He was readmitted to the hospital where transfusions were given. On March 9, 64 microcuries of rose bengal was injected intravenously. A scintillation scan demonstrated a filling defect along the right lateral border of the liver (Fig. 1). Intermittent bouts of colicky pain, jaundice, and melena occurred. On March 31, a mass developed in the right upper quadrant. Laparotomy revealed a gallbladder filled with blood and bile, and a large clot was removed from the right hepatic duct. Following this, a massive hemorrhage occurred, and a right hepatic lobectomy was attempted. The hemorrhage could not be controlled, and the patient died. The portion of the liver removed showed a large area of hemorrhage and necrosis along the right lateral border as shown in a postmortem radiograph of the liver (Fig. 2).