Behavioural economics requires a coordinate architecture that can link intrinsically private experience to publicly observable behavioural commitment without collapsing subjective privacy into mechanism. This paper advances a bounded‑universe claim: Jung’s Psychological Types (1921) provides a discrete 16‑position coordinate system (15 differentiated positions plus an integrative whole) that can be instantiated empirically as a complete probability space. Using Roy Morgan national probability sample distributions, we demonstrate closure (the full lattice sums to the stated base), non‑degeneracy (no state is empty), and partition invariance (the same lattice supports multiple independent behavioural and demographic partitions) across large Australian samples. A multi‑year summation table (n = 325,701) confirms stable population mass across all sixteen positions with sex splits. A one‑year extract (header base n = 327,119) is further expressed through independent coded partitions—technology adoption, social direction, spending intensity, housing tenure, children under 16, and socio‑economic status—each retaining the same 4×4 coordinate geometry. These results support an “architecture of choice” interpretation: the sixteen‑state lattice supplies a bounded coordinate space within which preferences, commitments, and constraints can be measured and compared. We interpret the lattice as an empirically grounded bridge across the explanatory gap highlighted in contemporary consciousness debates (e.g., Chalmers): experience remains private in its intrinsic character while exhibiting stable, measurable footprints in population distributions and behavioural correlates. The paper concludes with a reproducible methodological program for further validation and invites replication and critique from behavioural economics, social science measurement, and consciousness studies.

This paper advances a bounded-universe claim about choice architecture: Jung's Psychological Types (1921) is not treated as a loose typology of labels, but as an empirically instanced architecture that yields a closed, non-degenerate 16-state distribution (15 differentiated positions plus an integrative whole). Using ABS-labelled Roy Morgan Single Source files reported as unweighted respondent counts (earlier extract n=322,119; later pooled five-year extract n=327,119), we show that every state carries non-zero population mass and that the full grid sums to a complete probability space within rounding tolerance. We further show that this boundedness persists when the same base population is re-expressed through multiple independent profile partitions (e.g., gender, SES, technology, social direction, family stage, health, and "mattering"). This matters for behavioural economics because it supplies a practical bridge between intrinsically private experience and public coordination: experience remains private in its intrinsic character (as emphasised in contemporary "hard question" framings), while its downstream footprints in patterned preference, priority formation, and maintained commitment are empirically observable. We define Consciousing (cCC*) as the human process that converts life chances into choices and sustained changes via disciplined testing and stabilised determination, yielding measurable agency outcomes (autonomy, coherent identity, and sustained commitment). MBTI is accepted instrumentally as a structured language through which individuals articulate their private life chances, choices, and changes; cCC* then specifies how that articulation is converted into publicly followable criteria through a repeatable protocol ("Walking the Squares") and auditable decision-work cycles (AEIOUF/ICOSA). We conclude with a testable programme for applied validation focused on protocol fidelity and outcome value ("enjoy living MORE of life"), and we invite contributions that strengthen operational transparency, comparative evaluation, and translation into practice.

In this article, we argue that the narrow focus on explicit coercion in assisted dying obscures more pervasive forms of implicit coercion operating at interpersonal and institutional levels. Drawing on complex adaptive systems theory, we conceptualise healthcare systems as environments in which coercive dynamics emerge non-linearly and cannot be adequately mitigated through linear procedural safeguards.We look at the potential for implicit coercion within the unique context of terminal illness and consider how end-of-life emotional distress and attachment style shape individuals' responses to vulnerability, dependency and care, influencing how choices are expressed. We also examine the erosion of personal identity in terminal illness, arguing that beyond decision-making capacity and voluntariness, the authenticity of decision-making should be an important consideration in requests for assisted dying.We then turn to structural and institutional coercion, focusing on the influence of social roles, norms and professional authority. We examine how structural constraints and choice architecture affect freedom of choice. The Mental Health Act in England and Wales is used as a case study to illustrate how institutional coercion can emerge in practice despite the presence of statutory safeguards.Finally, we argue that assisted dying legal frameworks fail to adequately address implicit coercion and offer mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of it arising in complex healthcare systems.

The current environmental issues we face are largely due to harmful economic practices. Designing sustainable products and services is crucial for reducing future emissions. Hence, adopting system-oriented models is is essential for encouraging a rethink of current economic and consumption patterns. One important aspect of these approaches is the behavior of consumers, which can be influenced through sustainable product design. For instance, altering the default option to a sustainable alternative can stimulate more environmentally friendly choices by ensuring accessibility and enhancing consumer appeal. However, implementing such design elements requires new structures for the design and innovation process. Therefore, it is important to investigate the most effective design elements for changing behavior and to consider the processes that incorporate these elements. This research is crucial for guiding the development of sustainable product design strategies to address environmental challenges effectively. In our study, we conducted semi-structured interviews (n = 6) with industry experts to gain insights into the barriers and motivators of innovation and design for sustainable behavior. Building on these insights, we carried out a quantitative survey with a larger sample of industry experts (n = 79) to delve deeper into the identified topics such as process integration or lack of knowledge. Results highlight the importance of integrating sustainability considerations into design and innovation processes to promote sustainable outcomes. Companies are increasingly building internal sustainability structures, yet gaps remain in the use of behavioral interventions such as incentives and choice architecture. Effective strategies, such as training designers and innovators in behavioral change techniques and improving existing processes and guidelines, are crucial. Practitioners favor early and continuous integration of sustainability initiatives. Overall, the results underscore the need to embed sustainability and behavioral insights systematically to support long-term environmental and social responsibility.

Purpose This research presents a novel theoretical framework by examining chatbots in an under-explored context of everyday clothing rental. We apply an interdisciplinary lens, behavioural economics theory, nudge theory and choice architecture, to a marketing exploration, to simplify consumers’ decision-making. Design/methodology/approach Three focus groups and 28 interviews were conducted with UK consumers across two qualitative phases. Findings As shown in Figure 2, identifying rental barriers and drivers led to the development of four digital, four green nudges, boosts and sludges. This choice architecture is specifically designed to steer consumer behaviour towards everyday renting. Practical implications This study provides managerial implications for circular and non-profit companies by leveraging green and digital nudges to enhance choice architecture and consumer footfall. Policy implications suggest reforms for UK consumer laws, specifically proposing a “consumer warrant” to enforce sustainability transparency. Originality/value This paper offers novel insights into using nudge theory to shape consumer heuristics and decisions regarding everyday clothing rentals via chatbots. It introduces specific digital and green nudges designed to transform the consumer choice environment.

Black and Hispanic faculty - underrepresented minorities (URMs) within academia - face career barriers that come to a crux in promotion and tenure decisions. Leveraging a natural experiment in choice architecture within a dataset of 1804 promotion and tenure decisions across six universities, we find that joint (906 faculty) vs. separate (898 faculty) evaluation reduces racial disparities in faculty outcomes. Specifically, in joint evaluation, an analysis of the simple slopes finds that Black and Hispanic faculty receive, on average, 9% fewer negative votes at the department level than in separate evaluations when controlling for research productivity, school, gender, rank, discipline, department size, and grant acquisition. Using moderated mediation analyses, we calculate that this translates into a 16.2% increase in the likelihood of a Black/Hispanic faculty member receiving a promotion. In a survey of 289 professors who have served on promotion and tenure committees (i.e., the key P&T decision-makers), we find that only 17% of faculty expect joint evaluation to improve underrepresented minority faculty outcomes and, conversely, 43% expect separate evaluation to improve underrepresented minority faculty outcomes. This natural experiment suggests that altering evaluation mode or simulating joint evaluation mode could help address academia's underrepresentation problem, but not in the way decision-makers expect.

Behavioural economics has established that cognitive biases and framing effects systematically shape human decision-making. However, the linguistic component of framing and its interaction with digital choice environments remain under-theorised. This article is a structured conceptual/theoretical review (theory-building) designed for model development. Accordingly, the manuscript should not be interpreted as a systematic review or meta-analysis; the PRISMA-inspired flow diagram is used solely as an illustrative transparency overview for evidence mapping. It synthesises behavioural economics, cognitive psychology, linguistics, and HCI/UX evidence to conceptualise linguistic cues as structural components of digital choice architecture. We show that linguistic cues – such as gain–loss wording, emotional valence, normative phrasing, grammatical tense, and ownership language – activate core behavioural mechanisms including loss aversion, affect heuristics, intertemporal preferences, and social proof. These mechanisms are further shaped by digital environments where defaults, microcopy, and interface cues reinforce or counteract linguistic framing. Building on interdisciplinary findings, the article introduces three author-developed models that extend behavioural economics theory. The Linguistic Choice Architecture (LCA) Matrix maps linguistic cues onto behavioural mechanisms and their digital expressions, positioning language as an integral component of choice architecture. The Process Mechanism Model (PMeM) explains how linguistic triggers, cognitive evaluations, neural activation, and digital architectures sequentially transform stimuli into economic decisions. The Mind–Interface–Message (MIM) Alignment Model conceptualises economic choices as outcomes emerging from the alignment or misalignment of cognitive mechanisms (Mind), digital environments (Interface), and linguistic framing (Message). These models collectively demonstrate that linguistic framing is not merely communicative but constitutes behavioural infrastructure that shapes decision processes in contemporary digital markets.

Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs), including urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse, represent a widespread public health concern with substantial implications for functional status and quality of life. Evidence supports the efficacy of prehabilitation-a proactive strategy focused on preventing dysfunction before clinical onset-through screening and early intervention. However, its implementation in asymptomatic populations remains limited, largely due to a pervasive "awareness-action gap" wherein knowledge fails to translate into behavioral engagement. This perspective article systematically examines the cognitive, psychosocial, and structural determinants that act as barriers or facilitators to participation in pelvic floor health initiatives. By integrating the Health Belief Model and Nudge Theory, this study investigates factors influencing health engagement. The framework identifies major barriers, including asymptomatic complacency, knowledge gaps, low self-efficacy, and systemic obstacles. It also highlights potent facilitators, such as targeted message framing, cognitive schema alignment, credible messengers, and purposeful choice architecture. We further propose a multilevel framework for bridging this gap, combining targeted health communication, clinical integration of preventive protocols, digital health tools, and supportive policy reforms. Ultimately, transforming awareness into sustained action will require a coordinated effort across health systems, incorporating evidence-based behavioral interventions and aligning incentives to establish pelvic health promotion as a public health priority.

Using McDonald's as a global case study, this research investigates the phenomena of overconsumption in the fast-food sector. It contends that excessive consumption is caused by a systemic interplay between behavioral psychology, marketing design, and socioeconomic factors rather than just human decision. McDonald's deliberately lowers consumers' cognitive work while boosting emotional satisfaction through food formulation, pricing, promotion, and spatial accessibility, resulting in compulsive overconsumption. In order to demonstrate how choice architecture, habit loops, and reward learning produce a feedback loop that reinforces repetitive eating behaviors, the study combines insights from behavioral economics, neurology, and marketing. Therefore, rather than being a sign of weakness on the part of the individual, overconsumption is portrayed as a structural result of market innovation and cultural normalization. In order to address this issue and realign corporate profits with public health and social responsibility, the study emphasizes the need for ethical marketing frameworks and regulatory measures, such as transparent labeling and bans on child-oriented advertising.

Health care has widely adopted behavioral economics to influence clinical practice, with documented success using defaults and social comparison feedback in electronic health records. However, online medical education, now the dominant modality for continuing professional development, remains designed on assumptions of rational learning that behavioral science has disproven in clinical contexts. This viewpoint examines the paradox of applying sophisticated behavioral insights to clinical work while designing digital learning environments as if learners are immune to cognitive limitations. We propose digital choice architecture for medical education: intentional integration of behavioral design principles into learning management systems and online platforms. Drawing from clinical nudge units and implementation science, we demonstrate how defaults, social norms, and commitment devices can be systematically applied to digital continuing education. As medical education becomes increasingly technology-mediated, behavioral science provides the theoretical foundation and practical tools for designing online learning environments that align with how clinicians actually make decisions.

ABSTRACT This study examines personalized algorithmic pricing and consumer protection across three major jurisdictions the United States, European Union, and India analyzing how artificial intelligence‐driven pricing systems challenge traditional regulatory frameworks and threaten consumer autonomy. The research adopts a comparative methodology combining doctrinal legal analysis with empirical examination of enforcement patterns, scrutinizing recent regulatory developments including the EU's Digital Services Act, the US Department of Justice's RealPage litigation, and India's Consumer Protection Act amendments. The central argument demonstrates that transparency‐only approaches prove fundamentally inadequate in addressing algorithmic filter bubbles and market concentration. Evidence from India's fast‐commerce sector reveals sophisticated discrimination patterns, including device‐based pricing differentials and usage‐pattern exploitation, while “hub‐and‐spoke conspiracies” enable algorithmic collusion without explicit coordination between competitors. Key findings of study that existing legal frameworks, designed for pre‐digital markets, cannot effectively address technologically sophisticated forms of consumer harm and market manipulation. The study identifies critical gaps in jurisdictional approaches: India's reactive consumer protection model, the EU's proactive transparency requirements, and the US's antitrust‐centric enforcement. The research proposes moving beyond disclosure paradigms toward “information enrichment” mandates requiring platforms to actively diversify algorithmic recommendations, coupled with user‐controlled choice architectures and structural market reforms. These interventions, aligned with fundamental rights principles requiring states to serve as ultimate guarantors of diversity offering pathways for regulatory frameworks that balance technological innovation with consumer welfare and market competition. This article is categorized under: Commercial, Legal, and Ethical Issues > Legal Issues Commercial, Legal, and Ethical Issues > Ethical Considerations Commercial, Legal, and Ethical Issues > Security and Privacy

The present study investigated how agency and informational load interact to shape the neurophysiological architecture of human choice, thereby clarifying whether and when Hick's sequential-search law and Berlyne's conflict-based model best account for decision-making. Using EEG with a temporal signal decomposition approach and source localization, we contrasted forced-choice and free-choice conditions across set sizes (2, 4, 8 alternatives). Behaviorally, forced-choice produced steep set-size-dependent increases in reaction time and error rates consistent with Hick's law, whereas free-choice yielded faster responses with attenuated set-size effects, suggesting reliance on conflict-resolution strategies. Electrophysiologically, forced-choice amplified set-size effects at both early (N2) and late (P3) stages. N2 activity localized to the subcallosal ACC (BA 25) and response-related temporal-occipital-frontal networks (BA 18/19, 37/39, 8-10), consistent with sequential search and escalating competition costs. P3 responses in forced-choice further recruited fusiform, frontal, and parietal networks, reflecting incremental executive control demands. By contrast, free-choice predominantly engaged medial and frontopolar regions (BA 10), with larger and later N2 responses independent of set size and diffuse P3 activity, indicating evaluative monitoring and internally generated conflict resolution. Together, these findings suggest that externally constrained (forced) choices elicit neural dynamics aligned with Hick's law, whereas self-determined (free) choices preferentially recruit evaluative frontal regions in line with Berlyne's conflict framework. Importantly, the results imply that models of decision-making must explicitly account for agency, as paradigms restricted to forced-choice contexts may fail to capture the mechanisms governing everyday self-determined behavior.

Online shopping environments often confront consumers with complex choice structures and high cognitive demands. Within such contexts, pre-selected options have become a pervasive yet under-theorized element of digital choice architecture. This paper develops a non-empirical, conceptual analysis to examine how pre-selected options influence online purchase decisions by shaping consumer decision processes rather than directly altering consumer preferences. Drawing on insights from behavioral economics and marketing theory, the paper conceptualizes pre-selected options as a form of structural marketing intervention embedded in interface design. It argues that pre-selected options affect online purchasing through three interconnected mechanisms: decision simplification that reduces cognitive effort, perceived endorsement and choice framing that redefine default choices as normative, and behavioral inertia that facilitates commitment formation and purchase follow-through. The analysis further identifies key contextual moderators, including product type, purchase involvement, consumer experience, interface transparency, and competitive environment, which condition the effectiveness of pre-selected options. By reframing default design as an active marketing strategy rather than a neutral interface feature, this paper contributes to a deeper theoretical understanding of choice architecture in digital marketing and highlights the strategic and ethical implications of pre-selected options in online consumer decision-making.

This work compares FinFET, JLFET, and nanosheet FETs with III–V channel materials at different temperatures. Using Silvaco TCAD simulations, the threshold voltage, carrier mobility, ON/OFF current ratio, and subthreshold swing evolution with temperature are examined, and their effects on reliability are investigated. Nanotransistors offer several advantages, including compact size, rapid switching speed, and low power consumption; however, they also present practical issues, such as fabrication complexity, heat management, and thermal sensitivity. This paper helps find the best nanotransistor design for future technologies by clearly integrating temperature dependency with material choice and device architecture. These findings are useful for AI accelerators, 5G communication networks, and portable electronics, which need efficient and thermally stable equipment. Traditional planar MOSFETs face short-channel effects, increased leakage currents, and reduced reliability as CMOS technology scales into the nanometer range. FinFETs, Junctionless FETs, and Gate-All-Around (GAA) Nanosheet FETs enhance electrostatic control and efficiency, thereby overcoming these challenges. Due to their high electron mobility and outstanding transport properties, III–V compound semiconductors such as GaAs, InGaAs, and InP are promising candidates for next-generation high-speed, low-power devices. Most studies have focused on device scaling or material properties, but the effect of temperature variation on III–V nanotransistors across different topologies has not been extensively studied.

Background/Objective: Nutrition security, defined as consistent access to and consumption of nutritious foods that support health, remains a persistent challenge in rural populations. The HEALTHY (Helping Early Adolescents Live Their Healthiest Youth) program aimed to improve rural adolescents’ nutrition security through school-based strategies. This study evaluated its effectiveness by examining changes in fruit consumption, fruit waste, and skin carotenoid levels. Methods: A quasi-experimental, pre–post program was assessed in five rural middle schools (two experimental sites, three comparison sites). The programming paired four biweekly smoothie taste tests with nutrition education grounded in Social Cognitive Theory and Choice Architecture. Students in grades 3–8 (N = 149) participated. Digital tray photographs quantified selection and waste. The Veggie Meter® assessed skin carotenoids on a scale from 0 to 800. Surveys captured perceptions and self-reported intakes. Analyses included χ2, McNemar’s, GLMM, paired t-tests, and ANCOVA. Significance was set at p < 0.005. Results: At post-program, 98.3% of experimental trays contained the standard fruit option and/or a smoothie, compared with 41.0% of comparison trays (χ2 = 41.66, p < 0.001). Fruit selection odds were 16.22 times higher in experimental schools (95% CI: 6.30–41.77, p < 0.001). Among trays with both (n = 39), smoothie waste was lower than the standard fruit option waste (t(38) = −7.10, p < 0.001, d = 1.14), resulting in greater estimated consumption (~0.43 vs. ~0.15 cups). Skin carotenoids increased in both groups, with greater improvement among experimental students in the lowest baseline quartile, F (1,19) = 9.20, p = 0.007, partial η2 = 0.326. Conclusions: The HEALTHY program, which paired frozen-fruit smoothies with nutrition education, may offer a feasible and scalable approach to improving nutrition security among rural adolescents.

Digital consumer environments increasingly operate as low-friction choice architectures in which e-commerce, social commerce, live-streaming commerce, and buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) mechanisms compress deliberation time and amplify persuasive cues through algorithmic curation, social proof, and time-limited promotions. Under these conditions, consumer judgment is frequently displaced from reflective evaluation toward affect-laden, desire-driven purchasing, normalizing impulsive micro-transactions and debt-enabled consumption. While digital consumption literacy is often framed as a technical or informational competence, this framing remains inadequate for addressing the ethical and motivational dynamics that sustain non-satiative desire and recurrent overconsumption. Consequently, there is a need for an evaluative framework that can regulate preference formation and provide a stable welfare anchor in digitally mediated markets, particularly one that can translate normative commitments into operational competencies for decision-making. The study purpose was to formulate a coherent hadith-based framework for digital consumption literacy by operationalizing qanāʿah (contented sufficiency) as a mode of preference governance in the digital economy, where e-commerce, social commerce, live-streaming commerce, and buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) services reduce transactional friction and intensify persuasive stimuli. The study also aimed to clarify how Prophetic ethics can function as an evaluative anchor for consumer decision-making amid algorithmic curation, social proof, and promotional time pressure that frequently precipitate impulsive buying and desire-driven consumption. Materials and methods. This research employed a qualitative text-based design with a focused thematic reading of selected Prophetic reports as the primary corpus. Analytical procedures included (i) segmenting each hadith into propositional meaning units, (ii) identifying normative diction and the internal logic of claims (premiseimplication), (iii) deriving core themes related to insatiability and sufficiency, and (iv) constructing a conceptual model that translates these themes into measurable competencies of digital consumption literacy. Contemporary scholarly literature on digital persuasion and consumer behavior was used as contextual support rather than as a determinant of textual meaning. Results. The analysis indicates that the “valley of gold” narration provides a normative diagnosis of non-satiative desire that is readily amplified by status competition and platform affordances, while the “daily provision” narration compresses welfare into observable sufficiency benchmarks (security, bodily well-being, and daily provision). Synthesizing both, qanāʿah emerges as a value-informed stopping rule that recalibrates evaluation from maximization toward kifāyah-oriented adequacy, constraining isrāf and tabdhīr and internalizing social externalities. Conclusions. The proposed framework positions Prophetic ethics as an actionable architecture for digital consumption literacy by specifying competencies such as needwant differentiation, scrutiny of persuasive tactics, BNPL risk appraisal, and attention governance. This model advances a conceptually rigorous pathway for ethically resilient consumer behavior in digitally mediated markets.

Shifting consumers towards more sustainable food consumption and avoiding food waste have been identified as key levers in mitigating food systems-related climate change impacts. Here we conducted a machine-learning-assisted systematic review and meta-analysis of 306 effect sizes from 110 articles, covering over 2.4 million observations, to assess the effectiveness of demand-side interventions targeting actual or incentivized behaviours. On average, we find small effect sizes across both food consumption and food waste interventions. Effect sizes vary substantially across intervention types, with certain choice architecture interventions, such as availability and defaults, driving much of the overall effect in both domains, while incentives also show promise in reducing food waste. These effects remain robust even after accounting for severe publication bias, which notably reduces average estimates for other intervention types. Sensitivity analyses further underscore the need for future research to systematically identify when, how and why interventions are effective.

School choice policy is often touted as offering more choices to families whose school options are limited by traditional zoning. However, too many options or too much information may create a “paradox of choice,” resulting in anxiety and dissatisfaction. Through a mixed-methods study, including a survey experiment and interviews, we test whether reducing the number of school options or simplifying the information about them reduces parent stress and increases satisfaction. We find that reducing options and simplifying information does not result in better psychological outcomes and that the actual school choice process is not particularly stressful. More advantaged parents tend to experience greater stress than less advantaged parents. Through qualitative analysis, we uncover possible explanations for these counterintuitive findings.

This study investigated how nudging strategies impact food selection behaviors among university students, focusing on promoting plant-based protein options (i.e., tofu) in a real-world cafeteria setting. Grounded in nudge theory, this two-phase research applied choice architecture to implement three distinct nudges-nutritional labeling (label effect), strategic placement of plant-based options (position effect), and awareness campaigns (exposure effect)-and assess their effectiveness in influencing dietary choices. Employing an iterative research design, phase 1 of this study used a survey to explore students' preferences and perceptions of plant-based proteins. The insights from the survey guided and informed the design of phase 2, a 7-week observational field intervention measuring food selections before, during, and after the application of nudges. Results indicated that combined nudges significantly increased the selection of plant-based options and reduced meat-based choices, with effects persisting post-intervention. This study offers evidence-based recommendations for policymakers, school administrators, and food service operators seeking to promote healthier eating behaviors in higher education environments.

Purpose This study examines the associations between dietary patterns and lifestyle factors and academic performance measured by grade point average (GPA). This study aims to examine the interrelationships between diet, physical activity, sleep and stress in the context of a university environment. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a single university. An online questionnaire was distributed to 278 students; after excluding incomplete surveys, 260 valid responses were analysed. The study provides contextual insights into the factors influencing productivity and academic performance among students at this university. Findings Routine-level behaviours – regular breakfast, earlier breakfast time, lower fast-food frequency – together with higher classroom alertness and lower perceived stress were associated with higher GPA; sugary drinks and physical activity were not significant in multivariable models. Research limitations/implications This study relies on self-reported data and is limited by its cross-sectional design. Future research should consider longitudinal studies to examine long-term effects and incorporate psychological and social factors. Practical implications Universities can implement low-cost, “no-regrets” actions that support routines linked to higher GPA. Prioritise quick, regular breakfasts (early opening hours, grab-and-go options, vouchers) and nudge away from fast food through healthy swaps and choice architecture. Offer micro-skills for sleep hygiene and daytime alertness (light exposure, consistent wake windows), paired with brief stress-management options (breathing drills, peer support, counselling signposts). Frame programmes through ASE levers: attitudes (why routines matter), social influence (peer norms/challenges) and self-efficacy (5-min breakfasts, planning prompts). Track equity by cost and access across subgroups, and evaluate with simple dashboards (uptake, satisfaction, routine adherence) and GPA/course-progress indicators over time. Originality/value This research provides original insights into the combined associations of diet, lifestyle behaviours and perceived stress with student academic performance in a cross-sectional, single-institution survey. The findings support pragmatic, low-risk enhancements to university wellness programmes (e.g. access to quick morning meals, nudges away from fast food, brief sleep/alertness and stress-management supports) while warranting cautious interpretation given self-report, cross-sectional design and modest model fit and underscoring the need for multi-site evaluation.