Chinese Language Publications Research Articles

The anglicization of science in China

Abstract The preeminence of English as the lingua franca in global science has led to English-dominant publication practices, even in non-English-speaking countries. We examine the complex dynamics of language use in scientific publications in China, a major contributor to global scientific output, and the tensions between English and the native language. By analyzing 2,209,987 multilingual publications from 183,457 projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, we reveal a strong preference for English as the publication language in China, with 66.2% of publications in English versus 33.8% in Chinese. Key projects and natural sciences and engineering projects favor English more; regional projects and social sciences projects use Chinese more. However, English has a growing prevalence over the years across all research fields, project types, and publication venues. There is a negative correlation between the shares of English usage in journals and conference proceedings. We find only a minor overlap between English and Chinese-language publications, indicating unique contributions rather than repetitive content. However, Chinese-language publications are more likely to be similar to English-language publications. For highly similar cross-language publication pairs, the Chinese version tends to be published earlier. The findings underscore the risk of underestimating China’s scientific output by only counting English-language publications. We highlight the importance of creating a comprehensive multilingual database and the significant role of non-English-language research in global scientific discourse. Keywords: multilingual publishing; scientific communication; language policy; academic multilingualism; bibliometrics; quantitative analysis.

Observational Studies of Ocean Fronts: A Systematic Review of Chinese-Language Literature

This review will serve as an entry point for international researchers who would like to tap into the vast scientific potential of Chinese-language literature on oceanic fronts. We focused on observational physical oceanography studies of marine fronts. A thorough bibliographic search netted 95 papers published in 1982–2023, with a sharp increase in the total number of papers from 2006–2010 to 2011–2015, when this number almost tripled. This trend continued unabated through the early 2020s. The sharp increase in Chinese-language publications preceded by several years a rapid increase in English-language publications in the same field. Regionally, the overwhelming majority of papers is focused on the China Seas, particularly the East China Seas and northern South China Sea. Elsewhere, a number of papers were dedicated to the Southern Ocean and North Atlantic. Thematically, papers on remote sensing of ocean fronts dominate the literature, with special attention to the development of front-detection algorithms that can be applied to satellite data on sea surface temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, and sea level anomaly. Numerous papers on marine fronts in the China Seas present important results that have to be considered by international researchers. Overall, this review emphasizes the significant contributions made by Chinese oceanographers, particularly to studies of the frontal oceanography of the China Seas.

Chinese Media Representation of the SCO: A Study of People’s Daily and Global Times

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is one of the first international organizations in which the PRC played a key role. However, according to some researchers, over the past 20 years the Chinese leadership’s interest in this mechanism of international cooperation has decreased. This article explores the place of the SCO in Chinese foreign policy by analyzing the representation of this organization in the PRC’s media - Chinese-language publications in the newspapers People’s Daily and Global Times , which both belong to the Chinese Communist Party. Such focus allows better understanding the value of the SCO to China and its position vis-á-vis other Chinese initiatives in Central Asia. The authors use methods of quantitative and qualitative content analysis, namely counting the frequency of single words, identifying and counting the most common frames, and discussing the ways these frames are constructed. Frame analysis demonstrates that the articles focus on the achievements of the SCO in solving regional problems, while existing difficulties are ignored. The SCO is represented as an important element of China’s foreign policy, along with the Belt and Road Initiative, while the details of their interaction are not discussed. It should also be mentioned that the SCO is framed as an association of countries opposing Western hegemonism and advocating a new system of international relations. An extremely positive representation of the SCO serves legitimation of the political regime in the PRC: the articles focus on China’s role as a leader in the SCO and its successes in addressing domestic problems, such as poverty reduction and fighting the coronavirus infection. This narrative is often created by quoting the opinions of high-level foreign politicians and average citizens.

Research on translation technology teaching in Chinese publications and in international English-language publications (1999-2020): a bibliometric analysis

ABSTRACT The growing need to improve the quality and efficiency of translation by using technology has stimulated the practice of and research into translation technology teaching (TTT). Naturally, there is a need to analyse the state of the art and development of TTT from a quantitative perspective, because such research is still very scarce. This paper uses the bibliometric technologies, CiteSpace and VOSviewer in particular, to delineate the publication information of TTT-related research mainly in two citation databases, i.e., Web of Science (WoS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), from the year 1999 to 2020. It finds that China is gaining importance in TTT-related research, that international English-language publications pay more attention to the teaching of MTPE, while Chinese-language publications focus more on corpus-based TTT, and that English publications tend to use empirical methods, while Chinese publications tend to adopt non-empirical methods. The differences between the two publication communities in research methods and focuses call for contact and exchange between the two communities.

Whether the Unilateral Transverse Process-pedicle Approach has Advantages over the Traditional Transpedicle Approach: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis.

To summarize the literature and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the unilateral transverse process-pedicle approach (UTPA) and conventional transpedicular approach (CTPA) vertebral augmentation in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). A single researcher performed a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Online scientific databases were searched in September 2021 for English- and Chinese-language publications. A series of comparative studies were included, with UTPA as the main intervention and CTPA as the comparison indicator. A meta-analysis was performed for studies that reported clinical outcome indicators. The χ2 was used to study heterogeneity between trials, and the I2 statistic was calculated to estimate variation across studies. A total of eight studies were included for meta-analysis, all of which were observational studies with mixed bias risk. There were 613 subjects in the UTPA group and 488 subjects in the CTPA group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there was no difference between the UTPA group and the CTPA group in terms of visual analogue scale scores (p=0.31), Oswestry Disability Index scores (p=0.50), correction of kyphosis angle (p=0.65), and the amount of bone cement (p=0.13), but the UTPA group had a shorter operative time (p<0.001), bone cement leakage rates (p=0.02), and fluoroscopy times than the CTPA group (p<0.001). Partial analysis results had a high risk of bias, and the most common source of bias was that there was high heterogeneity between studies, and the sensitivity can only be reduced by a random effect model, and some studies (four items) did not clearly describe the confounders that they controlled. The limited evidence obtained in this study proves that the new puncture method does not have more advantages than the traditional technique, so it is no longer meaningful to continue to obsess over the impact of the puncture method on surgical outcome.

Rethinking the Cultural Relations between Hong Kong and China: An Analysis of the Chinese Reception of Stephen Chow’s Films

This is a cultural sociological study of the mainland Chinese reception of the films of Stephen Chow, the popular Hong Kong actor and director. This study’s theoretical objective is to rethink the cultural relations between post-handover Hong Kong and China. Its empirical analysis challenges five major frameworks of studying post-handover Hong Kong culture that interpret Hong Kong–China cultural relations as hegemonic and conflictual. The study’s first substantive section establishes that the Chinese reception of Chow’s films has been very positive and well participated. The second and third sections illustrate that the Chinese scholarly reception of Chow’s films and the Chinese popular audience reception of them stress their counter-hegemonic characteristics. This study’s data include the hundreds of Chinese-language publications on Chow, online sources, and interviews with twenty-four informants.

Research Trends and Hotspots on Montessori Intervention in Patients With Dementia From 2000 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: Patients with dementia experience a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioral disturbances. The Montessori method is a type of non-pharmacological intervention to care for people with dementia. However, there are few bibliometric studies on the application of Montessori methods. We aimed to analyze the hotspots and trends of research on the application of Montessori methods to the care of dementia patients.Methods: Microsoft Office Excel, Co-Occurrence 9.9, and CiteSpace were used to analyze the articles on Montessori intervention in patients with dementia from 2000 to 2021 in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Web of Science core collection database, PubMed, and Scopus.Results: A total of 23 Chinese language publications and 113 English language publications were included. The number of English language publications was on the rise, while the number of Chinese language publications was low. There are many issuing institutions which published articles in this field, mostly concentrated in universities. English language publication sources were more than Chinese language publication sources. The hot research topic in Chinese language publications and English language publications was the care of agitated behavior of dementia patients based on the Montessori method. The psychological problems of dementia patients are likely to become a hot issue of concern for scholars in Chinese. There will be a lot of research focusing on dementia patients and their family caregivers in this field.Conclusion: The bibliometric and visualization analysis helps us understand the current research status and hotspots of Montessori intervention in dementia patients in Chinese language publications and English language publications.

The Crown &amp; The Capitalists, The Ethnic Chinese and the Founding of the Thai Nation by Wasana Wongsurawat

Reviewed by: The Crown & The Capitalists, The Ethnic Chinese and the Founding of the Thai Nation by Wasana Wongsurawat Mala Rajo Sathian The Crown & The Capitalists, The Ethnic Chinese and the Founding of the Thai Nation (2019). by WASANA WONGSURAWAT. Seattle: University of Washington Press and Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books. 216 pp. ISBN 0295746262, 9780295746265 The Crown and The Capitalists examines the making of the Thai nation state through a focus on the ethnic Chinese in Thailand and their association with the Thai court. The changing relations and policies of Thailand towards its largest ethnic minority is scrutinized within a complex trans-national web of European colonial geopolitics, Chinese national politics and Japanese militarism of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The contributions of the Chinese entrepreneur class, from crown traders to European colonial subjects with privileges of extra-territoriality, towards the coffers of the kingdom as well as in fostering Siam-China diplomatic relations largely shaped Siam's policies towards the ethnic Chinese, between the fourth and sixth reigns. Wasana examines these policies from the lens of education, print media, economy, regional diplomacy in the period of the Greater East Asia War and finally the global impact of the Cold War. Each of these themes are discussed in five separate chapters. The monitoring of Chinese education and newspapers discussed in the first two chapters sets the tone for the ensuing anti-Chinese sentiments in the country. Despite the compulsory Education Act, the state faced limitations in providing public education to the masses and private Chinese education compensated for this insufficiency. It produced a part of the manpower for Siam's civil service. Essentially Chinese education through the use of the standard Mandarin created an 'imagined' solidarity with China and its national politics. It was the latter, particularly, the anti-monarchist and republican leanings coming out of China in the post-revolutionary period that displeased the Siamese King Vajiravudh, in turn prompting nationalization of Thai education. The Chinese educated in Siam, including leading capitalists and journalists, began publishing Chinese newspapers in the country. Publisher-owners of these newspapers were also subject to stringent state surveillance. A transnational imagined community is evoked through Chinese language publications that connected host and home over generations and trans-distance. The outcome is a plurality of imagined communities that connected overseas Chinese to their respective ancestral clans in southern China, prompting a provincial 'Nanyang solidarity', while Chinese newspapers, in standard script, connected diaspora Chinese with mainland politics. Diaspora identities became intertwined with both subdialect and Chinese national identities. Chinese newspapers were another turf for rival Chinese capitalists for prominence in the Siamese Chinese community and thus the content reflected different inclinations towards Chinese politics, morphing from reformist, revolutionary to republican nationalist. However despite their slant, ethnic Chinese publishers were alternately wary and strategic in courting the trust of the Thai court. Overseas Chinese in Siam were indeed strong allies of the Thai monarchy, and their involvement in the kingdom's economy profited both parties. In a similar vein, they were also a transnational resource for China's post-war reforms and [End Page 223] development. This prompted demands for ethnic Chinese entrepreneurs to show their undivided loyalty to the nation, pursued through an economic nationalization or Thai-ification policy by Rama VI. The scheme turned propagandist and racial under post revolution Thailand; ethnic Chinese entrepreneurs were targeted, in part to cripple the royalist-elite Chinese clique and their strong control of the national economy. Stoking anti-Chinese sentiments through writings and policies, demonstrated under the sixth reign and People's Party eras, clearly heightened Thai nationalism. It served to validate Thailand's nation building process, inspired by alliance with Japan and its ultra-nationalist model. Japanese imperialism polarized Thai society into various political camps; from Phibun (pro-Japan), Pridi (pro-Allied) to the return of the old royalists led by Seni Pramoj through the Free Thai Movement (US-based, pro-Allied, pro-China camp). With Japan's defeat Thailand reverted to royalist nationalism with strong military alliances. The book underscores the continuity of the royalist clique as a formidable force in Thai politics, albeit a transition from absolutism to constitutional monarchism under the People's Party...

Analysis of Pediatric Oncology Nursing Research in Mainland China, 2008-2018.

Up-to-date research from low- and middle-income countries is needed to inform local pediatric cancer nursing care and share best practices from these settings. Access to all current Chinese-language publications on pediatric oncology nursing research is limited because of a language barrier. The aim of this study was to document the volume, type of research study, and yearly and geographical distribution of published pediatric oncology nursing research in Mainland China and evaluate their content and quality. A systematic search was performed for published pediatric oncology research conducted by nurses in Mainland China (2008-2018), using 3 English databases and 3 Chinese databases. Included articles were evaluated using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Research Evidence Appraisal for strength and quality of evidence. A total of 133 articles were included: 106 in Chinese and 27 in English. Most studies showed level III evidence (88/133) and were rated as good quality (81/133). The most frequently researched topics were psychosocial care, clinical nursing practice, and psychometric testing, which accounted for 63.2% of all publications. Progress in pediatric oncology nursing research capacity among Mainland China is promising. To gain higher-quality evidence and make existing evidence transferable for nursing practice, optimization of specific research topics is still needed. In Mainland China, developing interventions to address the symptoms of children with cancer and caregivers' psychosocial issues based on local nursing research should be prioritized. Some synthesized findings of this review may serve as guidance for the future of pediatric oncology nursing science in similar settings.

The Early Chinese Press and the Agency of Its Readers: The Dynamics of the Transcultural Spread of the “Press” as an Institution

AbstractHabermas saw the public sphere as coterminous with the national space. Anderson dreamed of newspaper readers facing the same paper for breakfast forming an “imagined community,” which he saw as vital for supplementing the subjective side of nationhood. Historical evidence supports neither proposition. Both remain locked in a nation-state focused history and have to sideline large and crucial parts of the record. This article studies two early Chinese-language periodical publications characterised by their radical difference to the standard European models, the East Western Monthly Magazine (1833–1838) and the Shenbao (1872–1949), and considers the implications of these examples for dominant conceptual frameworks.

Building virtual collection and Spanish colonial imprints of the Philippines

PurposeThe access to the rare originals of the early Spanish colonial imprints of the Philippines remains problematic. The reference librarians often are restricted to directing the students and scholars to the secondary resources that are available both in print and as a part of the digital assets within the North American academic libraries. This paper aims to focus on the select primary source editions including select Spanish language colonial imprints that are available electronically on the Web along the Open Access. These Web-based resources serve as the reference tools for the early history of the Philippines and Southeast Asia. As many of these publications are rare and extremely expensive for most libraries, the Open Access resources serve as an aid to building a virtual collection of these items.Design/methodology/approachThe author had to create a data set of the early imprints of the Spanish Philippines using several bibliographic resources. The data set will be submitted as an Appendix for this research paper. The author did both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data set along with the voyant-based digital humanities approach for topic modeling.FindingsThe goals of this paper were to not only survey the early Spanish printing of the Philippines but also provide the reader with a somewhat complete picture of how the printing began in the Spanish Philippines, what kind of the first books were printed and how one can access them given their rarity and fragility. The collection building paradigms are undergoing significant shifts, and the focus of many academic libraries is shifting toward providing access to these items. As these items high-value low-use items continue to be part of the Special Collections, the access to these is problematic. The virtual collections thus serve as a viable alternative that enables further research and access. While the creators of these works are long gone, the legacy of the Spanish colonial domination, printing and the religious orders in the Philippines remain alive through these works.Research limitations/implicationsAs this is an introductory paper, the author focused on the critical editions rather than providing a comprehensive bibliographic landscape of the presses that produced these editions. He also did not take into consideration many pamphlets that were published in the same period. He also did not consider the Chinese language publications of the Islands. The Chinese had been block printing since medieval times (Little, 1996). In the context of the Spanish Philippines, the Chinese migration and trade have been studied in detail by Chia (2006), Bjork (1998) and Gebhardt (2017). The scope of this paper also was centered toward building a virtual collection of these rare books.Practical implicationsRare books are often expensive and out-of-reach for many libraries; the virtual collection of the same along the Open Access model represents an alternative to collect and curate these collections. The stewardship of these collections also acquires a new meaning in the digital milieu.Social implicationsThis research paper will allow scholars to see past the analog editions and help them focus on curating a virtual collection. The questions of electronic access are often ignored when it comes to visiting and using them in a controlled environment of the reading room in the Special Collections. The author argues that one way to enable access to these rare and expensive books is to provide access to their digital counterparts. These digital/virtual surrogates of the originals will facilitate further research.Originality/valueThe author could not find similar research on the publications of the early Spanish colony of the Philippines.

China \u2018goes out\u2019 in a centre\u2013periphery world: Incentivizing international publications in the humanities and social sciences

The current expansion of English language publishing by scholars from China is supported by national and university policies, including monetary and career incentives to publish in English. These incentives, which extend to work in the humanities and social sciences (HSS, the focus of this paper) as well as the sciences and technologies, are situated in evolving strategies of internationalization. China has moved from an internationalization strategy simply based on learning from the West, to a ‘going out’ strategy designed to both lift domestic research capacity and advance China’s influence in the world. However, the ‘going out’ strategy nonetheless embodies ambiguities and dilemmas. The world of academic knowledge is not a level playing field but more closely approximates the centre–periphery dynamic described in world systems theory. This study explores the influence of publication incentives in the context of a centre–periphery world. It draws on analysis of 172 institutional incentive documents and interviews with 75 HSS academics, university senior administrators, and journal editors. The study identifies practices within China’s HSS that reproduce centre–periphery relationships. By focusing on international publications, Chinese universities run the risk of downplaying Chinese-language publications and adopting standards and norms from global centres to assess domestic knowledge production. These could result in creating knowledge from and about China primarily in Western terms without adding a distinctive Chinese strand to the global conversation. Nonetheless, the study also identifies alternative dynamics that challenge the existing power hierarchies in global HSS, highlighting indigenous knowledge and the need to pluralize global knowledge production.

Arthropod pests of kiwifruit identified from Chinese language literature

References to many other kiwifruit arthropod pests (and diseases) were found as part of a process of searching Chinese language literature to understand the impact of brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys; BMSB) and spotted lantern fly (Lycorma delicatula; SLF) on kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) and A. deliciosa in China. Information on other kiwifruit pests was collated from over 20 Chinese language publications found in searches of the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure platform using standard Chinese characters for BMSB, SLF and kiwifruit, and was ranked according to: (1) the number of publications they were mentioned in; and (2) the type of words used to describe their impact. In addition to BMSB and SLF, approximately 50 kiwifruit pests were identified from this process, including a number of species that were unknown to the New Zealand kiwifruit biosecurity community and which may pose a threat to kiwifruit production if they established in New Zealand. This work reinforces the need for searching Chinese databases with Chinese characters in combination with searches in international databases, to ensure comprehensive coverage for biosecurity risk assessment.

HIV and syphilis and sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men attending university in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Five databases were searched for student MSM information in English and Chinese language publications. Meta-analyses were performed to calculate the pooled prevalence of HIV and syphilis, pooled mean age at first anal intercourse (AFAI) and the rate of other HIV-related behaviours among MSM attending university in China. Univariate meta-regression and subgroup analysis were conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was measured using Egger's test. Thirty-three articles representing 31 studies were included in the analysis. The pooled HIV prevalence was 4.1% (95% CI 3.1-5.0%). The estimated AFAI was 18.7 years, but 37.5% of students had their first anal intercourse before 18 years of age. Most (88.2%) had their first sexual intercourse with a male partner. Of the MSM attending university, 4.2% of MSM engaged in commercial sex (either selling or buying sex), 10.3% had ever engaged in group sex, 13.1% had had sex with a female partner in the past month and 10.1% had ever used drugs. Most (77.7%) sought sex partners via geosocial networking gay apps or the Internet, and 42.9% had ever tested for HIV. There was a tendency for an increase in lifetime HIV testing rate from 32% in 2005-07 to 53% in 2014-16. This review found high HIV prevalence, early AFAI and a high prevalence of sexual risk behaviours among MSM attending university in China. Interventions aimed at increasing HIV testing and reducing sexual risk behaviours are urgently needed among this young population.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase grain yields: a meta-analysis.

Increasing grain yields of food cereal crops is a major goal in future sustainable agriculture. We quantitatively analyzed the potential role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in enhancing grain yields of seven cereal crops with exceptional importance for human nutrition across the globe: corn, wheat, rice, barley, sorghum, millet and oat. We conducted a meta-analysis for three datasets including both English and Chinese language publications: the 'whole' dataset including both laboratory and field studies (168 articles); the 'field' dataset comprising only field studies (97 studies); and the 'field-inoculation' dataset including only AM fungal inoculation studies conducted in field conditions (70 articles). We found that the AM fungal effect on grain yield was less pronounced in field and noninoculation studies. AM fungal inoculation in field led to a 16% increase (overall effect) based on the 'field-inoculation' dataset; this effect was variable (77% trials had positive values), crop-specific, lower for new cultivars released after 1950 and further modulated by soil pH. Although there are neutral and negative effects of AM fungi on grain yields, we emphasize the importance of integrating AM fungi in sustainable agriculture to increase grain yields of cereal crops.

Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Mineral and Bone Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background/Aims: Hemodialysis (HD) patients often have inadequate nutrition, especially with respect to ascorbic acid (AA). It is reported that every HD session may cause a 50%– 75% decrease in plasma AA levels. Some studies have shown that supplementation of AA can change the outcome of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorders (CKD-MBD), but the effect of AA on HD patients with CKD-MBD remains controversial. Consequently, we decided to perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of AA supplementation in CKD-MBD patients requiring dialysis. Methods: A search was conducted using Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database and VIP information database up to April 2018 for all English and Chinese language publications. The main indicators of our study were changes in serum phosphate (P), calcium (Ca) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels after AA treatment. The efficacy of AA was evaluated by weighted mean difference (WMD) and confidence intervals (CI). Cardiovascular events, mortality and adverse events reported during the experiment were also noted. Results: In total, 371 patients in six studies were involved in this meta-analysis. Compared to placebo, AA treatment had no positive effect on serum P (353 patients; WMD = -0.05; 95% CI, -0.3 to 0.2; I² = 28%) or PTH levels (275 patients; WMD = -17.04; 95%CI, -63.79 to 29.72; I² = 75%). The pooled mean difference of the change of Ca levels from baseline was higher in the AA therapy group versus placebo (353 patients; WMD = 0.15; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.3; I² = 0%). No side effects were observed. Conclusion: Our systematic review and meta-analysis does not support prescription of AA to HD patients with CKD-MBD. AA had no positive effect on CKD-MBD patients as it couldn’t influence the serum P or PTH levels but did raise serum Ca levels in the short-term.

Epstein-Barr virus infection and oral squamous cell carcinoma risk: A meta-analysis.

BackgroundThe evidence for association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is inconsistent in the literature. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to clarify this association.MethodsA literature search was conducted in electronic databases for English- and Chinese-language publications until March 31, 2017 to include eligible case-control studies. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated to determine the association between EBV infection and OSCC risk using a fixed- or random-effects model based on heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plot analysis.ResultsA total of 13 case-control studies with 686 OSCC patients and 433 controls were included based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooled OR with 95% CI between EBV infection and OSCC risk was 5.03 (1.80–14.01) with significant heterogeneity observed (I2 = 87%). The subgroup analysis indicates that the year of publication, study location, economic level, sample size, tissue type, detection method and marker, control type, and language might explain potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was not observed, and sensitivity analysis showed stable results.ConclusionsThe results of the current meta-analysis suggest that EBV infection is statistically associated with increased risk of OSCC. However, additional high-quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed to further confirm the relationship between EBV and OSCC.

Chinese language publications are important for understanding the likely impact of brown marmorated stink bug to kiwifruit

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) is a polyphagous pest originating from Asia but is now established in North America, Europe and recently South America. It has not established in New Zealand but is considered a signi cant biosecurity threat. Surprisingly, there is very little accessible information on its potential impact on kiwifruit, one of New Zealand’s most important horticulture crops. Articles in Chinese characters1,2,3 published in Chinese journals more than a decade ago demonstrate that BMSB is an important kiwifruit pest in China and, therefore, of concern to New Zealand’s kiwifruit industry. However, these articles were unknown to the broader BMSB research community until recently. This example reemphasises the importance of searching Chinese databases with Chinese characters, along with standard searches in international databases, to ensure a comprehensive understanding of biosecurity risks to New Zealand.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Zhang F, Chen Z, Zhang S. 2000. The occurrence and control of Halyomorpha halys in kiwifruit orchards. Northwest Horticulture 2: 38.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Guo X, Shi X. 2003. The biology and integrated management of important kiwifruit pests. China Fruits 1: 45-46.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Feng H. 2007. The occurrence and control of pests in kiwifruit orchards. Northwest Horticulture 12: 22.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Proximity prominent news value for online publication

This case study examines how editors select stories for a Chinese-language publication’s WeChat public account. Results of a content analysis between May and August 2014 indicate that editors do not strictly rely on established news values to select WeChat stories. News categories better predict story decisions. Furthermore, news-category priorities identified in interviews with editors closely match what readers want to see.

An overall and dose-response meta-analysis of red blood cell distribution width and CVD outcomes

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is the coefficient of variation of red blood cell size, considered to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to comprehensively synthesize previous studies on RDW and CVD outcomes through an overall and dose-response meta-analysis. PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched systematically for English and Chinese language publications up to November 30, 2015. We extracted data from publications matching our inclusion criteria for calculating pooled hazard ratio (HR), which was used to assess prognostic impact of RDW on CVD. Twenty-seven articles, consisting of 28 studies and 102,689 participants (mean age 63.9 years, 63,703 males/36,846 females, 2,140 gender-unmentioned subjects) were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled HRs are 1.12 (95% CI = 1.09–1.15) for the association of all-cause mortality (ACM) per 1% increase of RDW, 1.12(95% CI = 1.08–1.17) for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) per 1% increase of RDW. A dose-response curve relating RDW increase to its effect on CVD outcomes was established (pcurve < 0.001). For every 1-unit increase of RDW, there is an increased risk of occurrence of ACM (pooled HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.02–1.04) and MACEs (pooled HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.06). This study indicates RDW may be a prognostic indicator for CVD outcomes.