E-commerce In China Research Articles

Cross-Border E-Commerce Development and Challenges in China: A Systematic Literature Review

This paper reviews the primary scientific articles applicable to the logistics industry, and specifically those relating to cross-border e-commerce in China. The authors focused on reviewing the articles about the current status of cross-border e-commerce in China and the factors affecting its development, with the aim of highlighting literature gaps. The authors used a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify, gather, and analyze 60 primary papers selected from international peer-reviewed journals and international conference proceedings between 2001 and 2020. Chinese cross-border e-commerce has experienced a trend of steady progress, although several challenges remain. These challenges include, but are not limited to, low custom clearance efficiency, complex monitoring and supervision, tax rebate settlement challenges, payment risks, insufficient talent within the Chinese industry, and the lack of scientific management guidelines. The significant contributions of this paper include critical highlights of the current gaps and future research themes.

The Antecedents, Consequences, and Mediating Role of Workload among Chinese Courier Drivers

The growth of e-commerce in China can be regarded as a significant factor in the increase in occupational stress and the voluntary turnover of courier drivers. This paper aims to investigate selected occupational stress factors behind the turnover intentions of Chinese courier drivers. Using data from 229 couriers employed at the largest delivery companies in China, this study applies structural equation modelling to investigate not only the direct relationships between job-stress factors and turnover intentions but also the extent to which workload indirectly mediates turnover intentions among couriers. The results indicate that a combination of high workload with social stressors leads to turnover intentions. In particular, it was found that workload completely mediated the relationship between both the independent variables and the intention to leave the industry, suggesting that when workloads are high, the net effect of negative work experiences with regard to verbal aggression and ambiguous customer expectations increases the likelihood of an intention to leave the industry. Although restricted to China, this is one of the first studies investigating the effects of courier drivers’ job stressors which highlights the importance of delivery companies working with staff to mitigate job stressors to reduce turnover intention.

E-commerce in China amid COVID-19 pandemic restrictions

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on all areas of life, including e-commerce. Most experts note a positive effect on e-commerce. E-commerce volume has grown all over the world. At the same time, structural changes took place; consumers changed their behavior and priorities. The purpose of the research is to study the role of e-commerce in China during the period of pandemic restrictions and analyze the statistical and structural changes in e-commerce during the epidemic. Quantitative and qualitative analysis is provided and the prospects for e-commerce in China are identified. When conducting the study, the methods of statistical and comparative analysis were used. The data sources were materials from the National Bureau of Statistics of China and other open sources. To determine the prospects for e-commerce, a model with an additive component was build. The data was deseasonalized, several trend variants were calculated, and the most suitable trend was selected, best approximating the sales data. The analysis showed that China has seen growth in e-commerce during the pandemic, but not as strong as expected. It is noted that before the pandemic, e-commerce grew at a reasonably rapid pace, and the pandemic only accelerated it a little. During the pandemic, those companies that had not previously used the Internet were forced to switch to new sales forms. The epidemic also prompted people to try many new products and services and then develop new consumer habits, which in the long term will continue the growth of e-commerce.

When Ants Beset the Elephant: Rent Extraction and Resistance on China's E-commerce Platform

AbstractE-commerce in China has developed and expanded rapidly in recent years. Conflicts and confrontations have accumulated in parallel. Using Taobao e-marketplace – one pillar platform of the Alibaba group – as its case, this article aims to analyse the developmental logic and profit-seeking strategies of e-commerce capitalism in China and beyond. It also investigates how small online merchants responded to and resisted the particular rent-extractive and exclusive mechanisms designed by the platform. I attempt to identify the emerging responses from below to both the creative and destructive sides of this newest capitalist development in China. I argue that, despite the militancy and innovation involved in these movements, and despite the use of Maoist rhetoric borrowed from the past, the contentious collective actions (online or offline) organized by these small online merchants lack the solidarity, the shared identity and consciousness, and the powerful ideological language observed among the “traditional” working class in industrial capitalism, and hence they are more improvised, transient, and easily defeated.

Development and Evaluation of a Chinese Character Educational Board Game for Non-Native Learners

There is no doubt that knowing Chinese gives graduates a competitive advantage. The ability to communicate fluently in Chinese has long been a requirement for Chinese employers, particularly those looking to do business in China's e-commerce market. Non-native learners must master four fundamental abilities in order to become literate in the Chinese language: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Previous research has found that writing Chinese characters is frequently the most difficult task for both non-native and native learners. The issue arises during the process of learning Chinese characters and excessive use of gadgets, while online learning inspires both researchers to create a Chinese educational board game dubbed the LiSCReW Family Board Game (LiSCReW). LiSCReW is an acronym for Listen, Speak, Count, Read, and Write. The purpose of this study is (i) to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the LiSCReW for learning Chinese characters; and (ii) to share non-native learners' perspectives and experiences while playing LiSCReW during a one-day exhibition at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Johor Campus. To facilitate playtesting and evaluation of the board game, a total of 22 students from UiTM Johor were conveniently selected. The findings indicate that the LiSCReW board game is an effective educational tool for learning Chinese characters. The results show that respondents are more confident in recognising Chinese characters (90.9%), pronouncing Chinese characters (68.2%), reading Chinese characters (54.6%), and applying the Chinese characters they learned while playing LiSCReW to their Chinese test (77.2%). The findings can be used to guide future research into the empirical testing of Flow Theory's applicability among a large number of respondents.

Research on the Development Problems and Countermeasures of China's E-commerce Platforms——Taking Taobao as an Example

As the Chinese e-commerce market appears as a leading trend that helps to reduce cost of both consumers and sellers during transactions, decrease the development gap between rural and urban areas, and create job opportunities which lead to increment of employment rate, Taobao becomes one of the largest e- commerce platforms in China for it caters to the needs of small and medium sellers, leaving other similar platforms behind. However, as the retail sales and the number of users skyrockets each year, the obstacles that e-commerce platforms face also become more obvious. Therefore, this research attempts to narrow down things that hinder e-commerce platforms from further expanding and provide viable solutions that e-commerce platforms could try to employ. To collect information about the challenges faced by e-commerce users and the possible solutions, the research focuses on relevant literature reviews and data before and in 2021. The main concerns for the development of e-commerce platforms, specifically for Taobao, are the rating system, fraud transaction, and the logistic services. According to relevant literature, providing a descriptive survey for the rating system, setting up inspection departments, and establishing its own logistic company or creating a ranking system for logistic companies that cooperate with Taobao are all possible solutions that Taobao can refer to. This research tries to identify concerns that e-commerce users generally have for e-commerce platforms that still lack improvement. Through the combination of related articles and creative ideas, it offers hypothetically effective solutions to the challenges that are identified. The research intends to help the Chinese e-commerce market to evolve into the next level and make electronic transactions more pleasant for platform users.

Development Strategy of E-commerce of China's Rural Forestry Products Under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

This paper studies the e-commerce development strategy of China's rural forestry products under the Rural Revitalization Strategy. Combined with the characteristics and problems of forest product trade, this paper analyzes the impact of e-commerce on forest product trade. By analyzing and summarizing the practice of e-commerce of forest products in recent years, this paper further explores the e-commerce model of forest products. Based on the existing e-commerce model of forest products, this paper puts forward the countermeasures to promote the development of e-commerce of forest products. This paper puts forward solutions and suggestions for the problems faced by e-commerce of forest products in Anshan area. The research results of this paper provide a certain reference for government departments to develop e-commerce of forest products under the strategy of Rural Revitalization.

Image Enhancement of Cross-Border E-Commerce Logistics Video Surveillance Based on Partial Differential Equations

Although the development time of cross-border e-commerce in China is very short, the scale of its transactions and the speed of development are amazing, and as a supporting foundation for promoting economic and trade globalization, cross-border e-commerce has an extremely important strategy for this guiding role. This not only brings new opportunities to cross-border e-commerce companies but also excavates a huge potential market for the logistics industry. Cross-border e-commerce not only breaks through the trade barriers between countries; it makes trade move towards borderlessness and at the same time triggers major changes in international trade. This paper introduces partial differential equations into the video surveillance image enhancement system of cross-border e-commerce logistics. Aiming at the shortcomings of the contrast enhancement method based on gradient field equalization, this paper proposes a partial differential enhancement method based on histogram equalization. By proposing a gradient transformation function, the edges and textures with relatively small gradient values are enhanced to make the original weaker texture details clearer. In order to better adjust the brightness and contrast of the image, combined with histogram equalization, we propose an inverse equalization transformation. When the histogram equalization and the inverse equalization transform are combined reasonably, the brightness and contrast of the image can be adjusted very well. In this paper, the finite difference method is used for discretization when solving partial differential equations, and Euler’s equation is obtained by applying the principle of least squares. By introducing the heat equation, the direct solution of Euler’s equation is converted into an iterative form, which greatly reduces the amount of calculation. This article uses statistical methods to obtain the empirical formula of the fractional differential order. This empirical formula makes the calculation of the order of the fractional derivative easy and can be extended to other fractional image enhancement models and overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional fractional derivative order obtained through experience or a large number of experiments. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm not only enhances detailed texture information but also improves image clarity, overall brightness, and contrast without color distortion. The objective evaluation indicators also show the superiority of the algorithm.

Taxation of cross-border e-commerce in China and suggestions on collection and management

초록·키워드 목차 오류제보하기 Since 2014, China"s cross-border e-commerce has ushered in explosive development, constantly going deep into all aspects of people"s daily life and providing convenience for people"s life. When China sees the contribution of cross-border e-commerce to economic development, it should also pay attention to the tax problems brought by cross-border e-commerce. This problem mainly includes: in cross-border e-commerce transactions, enterprises set up virtual business institutions and places, resulting in unclear judgment standards for tax subjects; In cross-border e-commerce transactions, due to the trend of digitization and virtualization of goods, the qualitative classification standard of enterprise income is not clear, and it is difficult to classify enterprise income qualitatively; And because cross-border e-commerce is a new thing, the original tax management model lags behind. By combining the relevant legal provisions of China"s enterprise income tax law and the tax collection and administration law, and analyzing the characteristics of China"s cross-border e-commerce at present, this paper puts forward relevant suggestions on the tax problems of cross-border e-commerce: in view of the unclear judgment standard of tax subject, it is necessary to introduce the concept of real or virtual subject into the enterprise income tax law, Broaden the identification scope of enterprise institutions and places; In view of the unclear qualitative classification standard of enterprise income, it should be judged on the basis of the traditional qualitative classification standard of income, supplemented by the standards of contract type and transaction purpose; In view of the lag of the tax collection management mode, the tax registration system applicable to cross-border e-commerce should be stipulated and improved in the tax collection management law, the tax declaration system should be improved, and the legal liability should be strengthened. #跨境电子商务 #企业所得税 #征税方式 #税收管理法 #中国税法 #Cross border e-commerce #enterprise income tax #taxation method #tax administration law #Chinese Tax Law 一、引言二、中国跨境电子商务概述三、中国跨境电子商务存在的征税问题四、中国跨境电子商务税收征管建议五、结语参考文献Abstract摘要

Spatial Diffusion of E-Commerce in China’s Counties: Based on the Perspective of Regional Inequality

In recent decades, China has been on a new journey toward a digital economy of which e-commerce accounts for a substantial proportion. Despite some controversy, the innovation diffusion hypothesis and efficiency hypothesis of online shopping have been tested in research on the urban–rural dual structure. However, research on the spatial diffusion model of online business is sparse. Based on the online business and online shopping index released by the Ali Research Institute, this article compares the spatial diffusion model of online shopping and online business in the core–periphery structure based on the inequality between the eastern and western regions of China. Our study suggests that online business trends are in line only with the innovation diffusion hypothesis, with marginal counties having lower levels of online business. Online shopping, on the other hand, is in line with the innovation diffusion hypothesis and partially with the efficiency hypothesis, with a higher index of online shopping in the core regions and some peripheral counties. The discrepancy in the spatial diffusion mode is due to the differences in aims and supporting elements between online business and online shopping. Apart from infrastructure, the diffusion of online business is largely constrained by the regional industrial base, while online shopping is influenced by income and savings levels, which is the main reason for the differences in the spatial diffusion of online business and online shopping. We argue that the diffusion of online business has not led to the ability to balance regional inequalities at the national scale, while online shopping has the potential to bridge core and peripheral disparities better than online businesses, not in terms of the ability to bridge economic disparities, but in terms of the potential to reduce spatial consumption inequalities and welfare gains.

The development of e-commerce in China during the COVID-19 pandemic on the example of the textile industry

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current situation with e-commerce in China’s textile industry and new business models during the COVID-19 epidemic. The author studied the vital problems of the Chinese textile industry from the point of view of electronic commerce. In order to solve research problems, the method of qualitative content analysis was used to classify and summarize the research situation. Data sources include the latest academic papers, industry analytical reports of securities research institutions, reports of consulting companies (Boston Consulting Group, McKinsey & Company, etc.), as well as government and organization documents (ITMF, United Nations, etc.). Based on the research process, it can be concluded that during the COVID-19 period up to the middle of 2021, China’s textile industry experienced four stages, having switched from traditional e-commerce to interested e-commerce. Innovation and digital transformation seem to be necessary conditions for China’s textile industry to overcome the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, the author puts forward a long-term development trends of the textile industry after the COVID-19 epidemic.

Research on the Relationship Between Consumption and Demand of E-commerce in China

With the rapid development of Internet technology, the application of e-commerce is changing people’s way of life at an amazing speed and strength. More and more people choose the network as the carrier of shopping, through the network consumption to meet their needs. Electronic commerce is a business consumption platform based on information electronic technology. Its online consumer groups are greatly different from the traditional consumer groups. This is because affected by the network environment, consumer’s consumption concept and consumption consciousness has undergone significant changes. The influence of e-commerce on the network consumption market has broadened the consumption channels of consumers and made consumers’ online behaviors more diversified.

Research on C2C E-Commerce Taxation Based on Mixed Decision Game

The rapid rise of C2C e-commerce in China has brought serious difficulties to China's tax collection and management. Based on the principle of progressive taxation, the necessity of Taxation on C2C e-commerce is analyzed and discussed. It is shown that the absence of Taxation in C2C e-commerce is contrary to the principle of tax equity and tax neutrality, and the tax revenue is lost.It is demonstrated that it is imperative that China to implement C2C e-commerce taxation in a comprehensive and standardized way. By constructing a hybrid decision game model between C2C business operators and tax authorities, the static game analysis of incomplete information is conducted for the balance of interests between tax authorities and e-commerce operators.

Design and Implementation of B2C-based E-commerce Secure Payment System

With the popularization and application of information network technology such as the Internet in various industries and even ordinary families, people have entered the information age based on the network, and the electronic commerce based on the Internet has also been developed rapidly in the world, and has become a new mode of modern business trade. In order to promote the development of electronic commerce in China, we should actively study and develop the corresponding electronic payment methods. Through the efforts in recent years, great progress has been made in the construction of financial electronics in China. Five national electronic fund transfer systems have been built. According to statistics, in recent years, the transaction volume of e-commerce in China has exceeded 4 trillion yuan, and the total transaction volume of e-commerce payments such as online payment of mobile phones on the Internet has exceeded trillion yuan.

An Empirical Study on the Impact of E-Commerce Live Features on Consumers’ Purchase Intention: From the Perspective of Flow Experience and Social Presence

The COVID-19 pandemic and the continuous advancement of live e-commerce technology pushed the swift growth of live e-commerce in China. Based on the S–O–R theoretical framework, this study investigates the impact of live broadcast characteristics on consumers’ social presence and flow experience, along with their impact on the consumers’ consumption intention in live e-commerce scenarios through questionnaires. Using structural equation modeling, data processing and involvement were introduced as regulating variables. Host charm, interaction, and trust in the host exerted a significant positive impact on social presence. In addition, host charm and trust in host significantly affected flow experience, and social presence significantly affected flow experience. Both social presence and flow experience significantly affected consumption intention, while involvement affected all paths to some extent. Overall, this study illustrates the significance of host in live e-commerce, and consumers with low involvement should be the focus of attention in live e-commerce.

Study on Risk Control Of Fresh Supply Chain Demand Interruption Under Computer E-Commerce Environment

Fresh food due to easy corrosion, increased the difficulty of businesses to supply fresh food. At the same time, in the e-commerce environment, fresh food in distribution services, logistics costs and food safety and other aspects of the problem to be solved urgently. This paper firstly explains the existing problems in the operation of fresh agricultural products e-commerce in China, and at the same time discusses the role and optimization of fresh agricultural products supply chain under the background of big data for readers’ reference.

The Conundrum of Talent Training of Industrial Big DataAnalysisin China's E-Commerce Talent Cultivating System

With the development of information technology, Industrial Big Data Analysis (BDA) has become the most important link in China's E-commerce, but the development of BDA in China's E-commerce has been greatly restricted by talents. The main reason is that the specialty of Industrial BDA and the practicality of E-commerce are difficult to be well integrated in China's existing education system, which is due to the very special development history of E-commerce in China. The training of talents for E-commerce BDA has become a structural problem in China.

Analysis of circular economy of E-commerce market based on grey model under the background of big data

PurposeIn order to more accurately predict the dynamics of the e-commerce market and increase the comprehensive value of the circular e-commerce industry, proposes to use Grey system theory to analyze the circular economy of the e-commerce market.Design/methodology/approachConstruct a Grey system theory model, analyze the big data of e-commerce and circular economy of the e-commerce market and predict the development potential of China's e-commerce market.FindingsThe results show that the Grey system theory model can play an important role in the data analysis of circular economy of the e-commerce market.Originality/valueUse Grey model to analyze e-commerce data, discover e-commerce market rules and problems and then optimize e-commerce market.

The Development and System Construction of the Cross-border E-commerce Market in China

Purpose - This paper analyzes factors and issues which comprise the legal system relative to the spread of cross-border e-commerce in China and for the development of the e-commerce market. Design/Methodology/Approach - This paper mainly collects data through literature review and interview, and conducts qualitative analysis on such data. By systematically collecting and analyzing the research papers on cross-border e-commerce at home and abroad, this paper tries to extract the legal factors that restrict the cross-border e-commerce in China. Findings - The cross-border e-commerce market in China has grown with the support of government policy, but it still needs to be established at an international level integrated institutional system to solve blind spots such as unfair acts and transaction disputes that hinder the sound development of the market. Research Implications - The development of the cross-border e-commerce market in China is closely related to the government’s policy support. The improvement of the cross-border e-commerce system can minimize the obstacles relative to the sound development of the market with some enlightenment in the system restructuring of trading methods using O2O fusion system and Social Networking Services.

Understanding Tax and Customs Policies for Retail Export E-Commerce in China

Cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) is continuing to grow rapidly around the world. China is experiencing a two-digit growth rate for its CBEC industry, even though it has been hit hard by COVID-19. From the two business models of CBEC (export and import) in China, retail export is growing faster than retail import. The trade volume of retail export is also much larger. Therefore, it is timely to review and summarise the tax and customs policies of CBEC retail export in China. This paper examines the tax and customs policies for CBEC export in China, and in particular, retail export. First, it provides an overview of the development of CBEC in recent years in China and then gives a detailed discussion of tax policies, which mainly includes valueadded tax (VAT) and corporate income tax (CIT). The details of customs policies are then covered, as are two more points of retail export: statistics and the negative list. It ends with a conclusion and outlook.