A randomised study examining the utility of lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy vs pingyangmycin in treatment of pediatric lymphatic malformations --a single center report from China.

Prevalence of Health-Related Social Needs: Inpatient Versus Ambulatory Pediatric Populations.

A multidimensional family-integrated comfort care model improves outcomes in children undergoing cardiac catheterization for congenital heart disease: A randomized controlled trial.

Many adolescents with chronic primary musculoskeletal pain (CPMP) feel stigmatized by their pain condition. Studies have not previously evaluated whether having another stigmatized identity (i.e., intersectional stigma) contributes to poorer physical and psychosocial outcomes in this population. The current study evaluated the hypothesis that adolescents with CPMP identifying as having a minoritized sexual orientation and/or gender identity (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and asexual [LGBTQIA+]) experience greater pain-related stigma, perceived injustice, functional impairment, and depressive symptoms relative to cisgender, heterosexual adolescents with CPMP. In total, 156 adolescents (12-17 years) with CPMP recruited from rheumatology and pain clinics at four children's hospitals across the United States completed self-report measures of pain-related stigma (Pain-Related Stigma Scale for Adolescents), depressive symptoms (Children's Depression Inventory 2nd Edition), perceived injustice (Injustice Experience Questionnaire), and functional disability (Functional Disability Inventory). Data were collected from August 2021 through March 2024. Adolescents reporting a marginalized gender identity (n = 34) and/or sexual orientation (n = 67) were included in the LGBTQIA+ group (n = 68). All others comprised the cisgender, heterosexual adolescents with CPMP only group (CPMPO; n = 88). Our findings indicate higher pain-related stigma, functional disability, and depressive symptoms for the LGBTQIA+ group compared to the CPMPO group. The LGBTQIA+ group was more likely to report pain-related stigma from family members and school personnel compared to the CPMPO group. There were no significant differences in perceived injustice. The findings of the current study highlight unique challenges for LGBTQIA+ adolescents with CPMP and justify future research in this area. Socioecological frameworks are warranted that consider pain-related and intersectional stigma in the evaluation and treatment of pediatric chronic pain conditions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Improving Pediatric fall prevention: Multicenter validation of the Humpty Dumpty Fall Scale 2.0.

Multidisciplinary care improves hearing intervention rates in children with microtia.

Is Appendiceal Cancer a Risk of Nonoperative Management of Pediatric Uncomplicated Appendicitis?

The effectiveness and safety of lacosamide in infants with epilepsy aged under 2 years: A prospective study.

Effects of Remote Patient Monitoring on Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Patients Discharged with Nasogastric Tube Feeding.

Intraoperative burst suppression and emergence delirium in pediatric: A prospective observational study.

Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction among Children with Type I Diabetes Mellitus in Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children, Anbar, Iraq

Harapan Kita Women and Children Hospital Jakarta (RSABHK) receives referrals from patients in various regions every day. RSABHK performs at least 50 surgeries and procedures that require anesthesia daily. Approximately 10% of these procedures require ICU beds for post-operative management. RSABHK ICU categorizes patient beds into two categories: surgical and medical. This study aims to evaluate bed distribution policies based on surgical and medical conditions regarding the number of surgical cancellations and hospital indicators in the ICU. The research method is a qualitative observational retrospective study of indicators for BOR, LOS, TOI, BTO, surgical cancellation rates (SCR) and hospital financial risks 20 months preceding the policy implementation compared to 20 months following the policy implementation. The results showed that after the policy was implemented, there was a 54.45% reduction in the number of SCR, a 9.7% increase in BOR, 10.97% decrease in LOS, 56.16% decrease in TOI, and 24.54% increase in BTO. More than 30 million rupiahs reduced hospital risk of financial loss. The conclusion is that the policy is effective in reducing the rate of stagnation, the rate of surgery cancellations, and the risk of monetary loss for the hospital.

Background: Common pregnancy discomforts, though non-pathological, can significantly affect maternal well-being if not properly managed. Understanding and addressing these discomforts is essential for promoting healthy pregnancy outcomes. Aim: This study aimed to assess pregnant women’s knowledge and practical knowledge regarding selected common pregnancy discomforts and to identify factors influencing their understanding and management. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Data was conducted at Al-Ahsa Maternity and Children Hospital and three affiliated PHCs. A convenience sample of 131 low-risk pregnant women (aged 18–35) was selected based on Raosoft-calculated parameters. A structured electronic questionnaire assessed knowledge and practical knowledge related to symptoms such as nausea, back pain, heartburn, and other related symptoms. Scores were categorized as low, moderate, or good. Results: While over half of participants demonstrated moderate knowledge, nearly three-quarters showed unsatisfactory practical knowledge levels. No significant associations were found between knowledge or practical knowledge and socio-demographic factors. However, greater symptom severity was significantly linked to improved practical knowledge. Conclusion: Despite moderate awareness, practical management of pregnancy discomforts remains inadequate. Targeted antenatal education is needed to enhance maternal self-care and promote healthier pregnancy experiences.

To reduce acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with nephrotoxic medication (NTM) exposure in critically ill pediatric patients through a structured quality improvement (QI) initiative. Prospective, multi-phased QI project. A single-center, free-standing, quaternary care children's hospital. All patients admitted to the PICU during the study period. A three-phase intervention strategy was implemented to increase awareness surrounding NTM exposures in PICU and their role in subsequent AKI development. Phase 1 introduced monthly pharmacist-led educational session for resident physicians. Phase 2 incorporated an informational handout reviewed during monthly resident orientations. In phase 3, clinical pharmacists provided daily notifications to attending physicians for patients meeting NTM exposure criteria, offering timely alternatives and AKI monitoring recommendations. NTM exposure and NTM-associated AKI (NAKI) rates per 1000 patient-days were measured across pre-intervention and post-intervention periods. From May 1, 2021, to December 31, 2023, a total of 34,631 patient-days were included. During this period, 2410 and 388 patient-days, respectively, satisfied NTM exposure and NAKI criteria. This accounted for 1039 NTM exposure events in 742 patients and 159 NAKI episodes in 125 unique patients. Following interventions, NTM exposure rates declined from 30.6 to 26.9 per 1000 patient-days (a 12.4% reduction), and NAKI rates decreased from 5.6 to 2.5 per 1000 patient-days (a 55% reduction). Targeted PICU-specific interventions, including routine stakeholder education and pharmacy-driven daily provider notifications, were associated with reductions in NTM exposure and subsequent NAKI rates in critically ill patients. Efforts to integrate and sustain these strategies at the institutional level are currently in progress.

Electronic fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is integral to antepartum and intrapartum care to detect fetal compromise, reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality. Conventional wired cardiotocography (CTG) limits mobility, birthing positions, and potentially increases instrumental births. Wireless non-invasive fetal electrocardiography (NIFECG) aims to address these challenges. However, NIFECG has limitations, including signal interference and limited accuracy data for FHR and uterine contraction (UC) monitoring. This study aimed to (i) quantify acceptable NIFECG traces based on signal loss in women ≥37 weeks' gestation; (ii) compare FHR and UC monitoring accuracy between NIFECG and CTG; (iii) and assess NIFECG acceptability. A prospective cohort involving women with singleton pregnancies ≥37 weeks' gestation was conducted between August 2020 and June 2021 in KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. Women underwent 40 min of concurrent NIFECG and CTG monitoring during antepartum and intrapartum phases. Data were compared in 3.75-sepochs. Based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics guidelines, NIFECG traces with signal loss ≤20% were accepted. FHR monitoring accuracy was assessed using Bland-Altman and Passing-Bablok regression analyses. UC monitoring accuracy was determined by a fourfold contingency table with CTG as a gold standard. Acceptability was assessed via post-monitoring feedback questionnaire. One hundred and three women contributed to 124 paired traces. Seventy-three traces (58.9%) were acceptable, comprising 52 antepartum (56.5%) and 21 intrapartum traces (65.6%). Bland-Altman (bias: -0.4 beats per minute, 95% limits of agreement: [-9.0, 8.1]) and Passing-Bablok (slope = 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-0.98) analyses showed high agreement between NIFECG and CTG FHR measurements. NIFECG showed a specificity of 0.96 (95% CI 0.94-0.97) and sensitivity of 0.90 (95% CI 0.89-0.92) for UC monitoring. Additionally, 90.1% of women and 88.9% of nurses preferred NIFECG. NIFECG has comparable accuracy to CTG for FHR and UC monitoring during the antepartum and intrapartum phases and is well-accepted by women and nurses. Given that 41.1% of NIFECG traces were rejected due to signal loss, further research on improving the technology to reduce signal loss, and re-evaluating the criteria for rejecting traces is vital to achieve broader clinical implementation of NIFECG.

X-linked hypophosphataemia (XLH) represents the most prevalent genetic cause of phosphate wasting and is associated with skeletal deformities, muscular pain, and dental hypomineralisation. Dental complications, particularly spontaneous abscesses, may be the earliest clinical sign. Despite this, guidance on optimal dental care remains limited and there is a need for improved understanding of oral manifestations and management. This project aimed to review existing literature and evaluate the dental disease burden and management strategies in children with XLH. Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched on 7th December 2025 for English language publications describing the dental diagnosis and management of children with XLH. A service evaluation was conducted to explore the management of patients with XLH under the care of Charles Clifford Dental Hospital (CCDH) and Sheffield Children's Hospital (SCH). Of the 37 articles identified, 21 met the inclusion criteria, with 6 relevant publications added. Findings revealed a high prevalence of spontaneous dental abscesses affecting both the primary and permanent dentition, alongside additional dental anomalies. Ten patients were included in the service evaluation; eight experienced abscesses associated with non-carious teeth, mainly affecting the primary dentition. Treatment approaches varied, and barriers to accessing specialist dental care were evident amongst patients. Due to the rarity of XLH, both patients and clinicians face challenges in ensuring appropriate dental management. Without timely intervention, oral complications can result in premature tooth loss and reduced quality of life. Early specialist involvement and a multidisciplinary approach are essential to improve patient outcomes and reduce the burden of disease.

Auditory brainstem response testing is typically done under sedation in the pediatric sedation unit but often requires tympanostomy tube placement, typically done under general anesthesia in the operating room (OR), to be performed first to obtain accurate results. This is the first report on the feasibility of performing tympanostomy tube placement in combination with auditory brainstem response testing under sedation provided by pediatric critical care medicine and hospitalist physicians outside the OR. A retrospective review was performed of cases at two children's hospitals in the United States, between July 2021 and February 2024. A total of 28 cases of tympanostomy tube placement in conjunction with auditory brainstem response testing under sedation provided by pediatric critical care medicine and hospitalist physicians outside the OR were identified. All the sedative regimens utilized propofol. All procedures were successful, but 6 patients experienced adverse events, with 5 patients experiencing only minor respiratory adverse events. One patient experienced laryngospasm, requiring unplanned intubation and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit admission. Lower direct facility costs and wait times were noted in a convenience sample of cases under sedation outside the OR compared to cases under general anesthesia in the OR.

Limited data are available on the relationship between seasonal factors and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of seasonal factors on the severity of OSAHS in children. Children 2.0 to 16 years old presenting with snoring and/or mouth breathing, suspected of having OSAHS, and admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Children's Hospital of Soochow University from December 2016 to February 2022 were enrolled in this study. The severity of OSAHS was determined by full-night polysomnography (PSG) in the sleep laboratory. The correlation between seasonal factors and PSG monitoring results was analyzed. Of the 589 included patients, 301 cases (51.1%) were diagnosed with OSAHS. In the OSAHS group, 77 cases (25.6%) were detected in spring, 74 cases (24.6%) were detected in summer, 59 cases (19.6%) were detected in autumn, and 91 cases (30.2%) were detected in winter. There were 238 cases (79.1%) of tonsillitis hypertrophy, 276 cases (91.7%) of adenoid hypertrophy, 215 cases (71.4%) of rhinitis/sinusitis, and 36 cases (12.0%) of asthma. The proportion of rhinitis/sinusitis and tonsillar hypertrophy in spring was higher than that in summer (P = .015 and P = .036, respectively), and the proportion of adenoid hypertrophy in winter was higher than that in summer (P = .024). The diagnostic rate of severe OSAHS in winter was higher than that in summer (χ2 = 7.053, P = .008). The respiratory arousal index in winter was higher than that in summer (H = -39.297, P = .018), and the spontaneous arousal index in spring was higher than that in autumn (H = 44.059, P = .020). It was found that the rapid eye movement (REM)-apnea index (AI) in spring and winter was higher than that in summer (H = 52.292, -52.554; all P < .05). The comparison of PSG results of children with OSAHS ≤6 years old in different seasons showed that REM-AI in winter was higher than that in summer (H = 8.570, P < .05). Severe OSAHS is more common in winter. Respiratory events are increased in spring and winter, mainly in children ≤6 years old. Seasonal factors may have a certain impact on OSAHS.

This case series presents 2 pediatric patients diagnosed with craniosynostosis who subsequently developed fibrous dysplasia. The aim is to describe their clinical presentation, management, and outcomes. A retrospective chart review was conducted at Cleft and Craniofacial SA, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia. Medical histories, examinations, imaging, and longitudinal follow-up data were analyzed. Two patients with craniosynostosis with fibrous dysplasia were identified. Firstly, a 13-year-old male with sagittal synostosis, underwent cranial vault remodeling at 7 months of age. The second patient, a 16-year-old female with metopic synostosis, managed without surgical intervention, with craniofacial growth closely monitored from childhood into adolescence. Both demonstrated stable cranial morphology on follow-up, without progression or neurological compromise. While these 2 associations could be independent events, these 2 cases raise the possibility of a previously unrecognized association between craniosynostosis and fibrous dysplasia.

To assess the effect of antenatal dexamethasone on reducing the need for respiratory support in late preterm infants. The study was an open-label randomised controlled trial. Participants included 294 pregnant women at risk of late preterm delivery, admitted to Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children, Vietnam. Women in the intervention group received antenatal dexamethasone, compared with standard care for the control group. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA 18 with an intention-to-treat approach. Comparisons were performed using the chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test for categorical data and the unpaired t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous data. Infants in the control group required respiratory support after birth more frequently than those in the dexamethasone group (24.5% vs. 15%, p = 0.04). The neonatal unit admission rate was significantly higher in the control group (p = 0.01), with respiratory problems accounting for the most common reason for admission. Regarding morbidities, jaundice requiring phototherapy was significantly higher in the control group. Antenatal dexamethasone significantly reduced the need for respiratory support after birth and neonatal unit admission. Dexamethasone administration was not associated with increased maternal postnatal infection or neonatal hypoglycaemia. ClinicalTrial.gov NCT05841121.