Childhood Research Articles

Aspects of Visual Communication Design in Animated Learning Media for Early Childhood and Kindergarten

Visual communication design media through animation is the most appropriate means of assisting learning methods in early childhood which functions to help early childhood develop sensory and motor skills in early childhood. Also, it is constructive for teachers and parents to facilitate teaching methods that can concretely stimulate motivation in students. This study will describe a learning model that uses visual communication designs, especially animation in early childhood in the Surakarta area, Central Java, Indonesia. This research method includes data collection, data analysis, and presentation of data analysis. The stages of analysis from various sources of results from information from both literature reviews and interviews were carried out using an interactive model, where each component of the research includes the stages of data collection, data reduction, presentation and conclusion drawing. Test the validity of the data using data triangulation techniques, namely triangulation of data sources and triangulation of theories. The data analysis technique uses the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding.

Influencia de la calidad estructural del ambiente de preescolar sobre el rol docente

Se presenta un artículo derivado del proyecto de investigación Validación de un programa de intervención basado en mindfulness para el desarrollo de la sensibilidad en docentes de educación inicial financiado mediante convocatoria interna por la Universidad de Ibagué con el código 19-491-INT. El propósito central de este proyecto fue evaluar la efectividad de un programa de intervención piloto basado en mindfulness para el desarrollo de la sensibilidad en docentes de preescolar. Por lo expuesto, a través de este artículo se presenta una revisión teórica general sobre el concepto de calidad estructural del ambiente y su influencia en el rol del docente dentro del aula de preescolar.Los resultados de la revisión de la teoría permiten ratificar que la calidad estructural tiene una relación significativa con la calidad de las interacciones que el docente establece con los niños. Se sugiere aumentar el número de estudios en Colombia y, en específico, en Ibagué, que aborden procesos de evaluación con instrumentos validados como la escala de calificación del ambiente de la infancia temprana (ECERS-R) (Harms, Clifford & Cryer, 1998) para que sean un marco orientador, especialmente en el nivel de preescolar, pues es bien sabido que las experiencias que los niños tengan durante sus primeros años serán fundamentales para su desarrollo integral.

A Post-Qualitative Study on the 'becoming' of Education in the Forest as Experienced by Early Childhood Teacher

A Post-Qualitative Study on the 'becoming' of Education in the Forest as Experienced by Early Childhood Teacher

Evaluating mothers knowledge and attitude as a contributing factor to the low childhood immunization uptake in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Childhood immunization remains one of the most important and cost-effective public health interventions that reduces both morbidity and mortality associated with infectious diseases in children yet it is still underutilized. The study assessed the level of knowledge and attitude of mothers towards childhood immunization. This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study involving 141 mothers that brought their babies for vaccination at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Abakaliki, Nigeria. The data collected were analyzed using SPPS version 23. Only 40 (28.8%) had good knowledge of childhood immunization. Positive attitude towards immunization was seen in 139 (98.6%) mothers. 101 (71.6%) had missed vaccination appointments for their child with the far immunization center (50.0%) being the main reason given by the respondents. Age, parity of respondents, number of living children, educational status, and place of residence were significantly associated with knowledge of childhood immunization among the study participants (p<0.05). Majority of the mothers had poor knowledge of childhood immunization. Maternal educational status was a positive and the only significant (p<0.05) predictor of good knowledge of childhood immunization. It is recommended that information on immunization be taken to the door step of every mother, while intensifying optimized routine immunization sessions to daily vaccination at fixed post as well as integration of routine immunization with other health services. Key words: Attitude, childhood, immunization, knowledge, maternal.

A review on the free play of children in early childhood education

A review on the free play of children in early childhood education

An analysis of test instruments used in the research of early childhood music education

An analysis of test instruments used in the research of early childhood music education

Inquiry on the changes of early childhood teachers in the process of an collaborative action research for professional development of music teaching

Inquiry on the changes of early childhood teachers in the process of an collaborative action research for professional development of music teaching

The Epidemiology of Aggression and Associated Factors among Iranian Adult Population: A National Survey.

Background: This survey was conducted to determine the level of aggression among the Iranian adult population and underlying predisposing factors. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 10,957 participants, involving 23 out of the 31 provinces of Iran in 2019. The outcome of interest was aggression, evaluated by the Buss & Perry aggression questionnaire. The association between aggression and 34 demographic, behavioral, social, and cultural characteristics was assessed using simple and multiple linear regression. Results: The overall mean (SD) score of aggression was 77.10 (22.53). Based on the severity of aggression, the participants were categorized into four groups as follows: 2,464 (23.1%) nonaggressive, 4,692 (43.9%) mild, 3,071 (28.8%) moderate, and 454 (4.2%) severe aggressive. Aggression was more likely to occur in people with the following characteristics: younger ages, having several siblings, lower ranks of birth, having an intimate friend of the opposite sex, having an aggressive father/mother, history of parental divorce, interest in watching action/porn movies, listening to music, history of escape from home/school, using neuropsychiatric drugs, using illicit drugs, history of suicidal thoughts/attempt, and family conflict and hostility. Aggression was less likely to occur with the following characteristics: reading, regular physical exercise, the ability to control anger, regular prayer, adherence to avoid lying, respect to other people's rights, sexual satisfaction, and attachment to parents. Conclusions: A majority of the population has some degree of aggression. Aggression is a multifactorial behavior corresponding with several demographical, social, cultural, and religious factors, some of which back to early childhood events.

Mass Azithromycin Use Increases Both Macrolide and Nonmacrolide Resistance Genes

Mass administration of azithromycin to young children has been shown to reduce childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (NEJM JW Infect Dis Aug 2019

Encontros e (des)encontros entre a Educação Física e a creche: análises sobre ações do Pibid

O presente texto é um estudo de revisão do tipo estado da arte que busca na produção acadêmica relatos de experiências que contemplem ações da Educação Física aliada ao Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) na creche. Para tanto, alocamos a investigação na faixa temporal que compreende o início do PIBID, 2007 até o ano de 2019. Como banco de dados, optou-se pelas seguintes plataformas on line Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latina-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e o Catálogo de teses e dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). O resultado demonstra escassa produção sobre o tema derivado de um histórico (des)encontro entre a Educação Física e a Educação Infantil e, consequentemente do edital do Pibid. Com o intuito de contribuir com o debate, relatamos nossa experiência de encontro entre a Educação Física e o Pibid na creche. Em nossas conclusões, defendemos a atuação do professor de Educação Física na creche desde que em consonância com as concepções de desenvolvimento integral e o Pibid enquanto política pública de formação inicial e continuada de docentes como forma de superar concepções pragmáticas e mecânicas de atuação deste profissional na Educação Infantil.

PLAY BASED LEARNING IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION (ECE) CENTRES IN ZAMBIA: A TEACHER PERSPECTIVE

The study sought to explore the nature of play-based teaching and learning at Early Childhood Education (ECE) Centres in Zambia from the perspective of teachers. A case study design was employed with a qualitative approach to collect data from participants. Data was coded and grouped according to emerging themes. Results indicate that children were engaged in both conventional and indigenous play activities mainly through free play. Teachers demonstrated a positive perspective of play based learning, asserting that play based pedagogy benefits children holistically. Implementation of play varied across ECE Centres with some teachers integrating play in the delivery of lessons and others engaged children in play activities only during the time allocated for play time on the timetable. Notable challenges faced by teachers were lack of age appropriate play infrastructure that supported learning, lack of implementation guidelines, and curriculum overload. The study has recommended the need for the Ministry of General Education to put in place guidelines on play based teaching and learning in ECE. Article visualizations:

Understanding of the Life of College Students who have Experienced Complex Trauma in Childhood -Focusing on Qualitative-biographical Methodology of Schütze

Understanding of the Life of College Students who have Experienced Complex Trauma in Childhood -Focusing on Qualitative-biographical Methodology of Schütze

When Should You X-Ray a Child's Hyperextended Finger?

Radiographs are often obtained for the common childhood injury of hyperextended fingers. To develop management guidance, researchers prospectively

Expert consensus on rehabilitation assessment and treatment for dystrophinopathy of childhood

Expert consensus on rehabilitation assessment and treatment for dystrophinopathy of childhood

Association between breastfeeding and types of obesity in children and adolescents

Objective To explore the association between breastfeeding and the type of obesity in children and adolescents, and to provide a theoretical basis for the identification and intervention of influential factors of different types of childhood obesity. Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method, 93 primary and secondary schools in 7 provinces and cities in China were selected for physical examination and questionnaire surveys. Totally, 30 437 primary and middle school students aged 7-17, with completed information, were selected. A multivariable Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between breastfeeding and different types of obesity. Results The breastfeeding rate of students was 69.8%. The rates of general obesity, simple abdominal obesity, and combined obesity in the breastfeeding group were 7.1%, 3.9%, and 18.7%, the non-breastfeeding group were 7.0%, 4.7%, and 19.5%. The differences were statistically significant (χ 2 = 14.04, P <0.01). Univariate analysis found that breastfeeding significantly reduced the risk of simple abdominal obesity in children and adolescents ( OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.72-0.92, P <0.01) with normal (BMI non-overweight and obesity and waist <P 90 ) as control group. After adjustment, breastfeeding could still significantly reduce the risk of simple abdominal obesity ( OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.67-0.86, P <0.01), and combined obesity ( OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.87-0.99, P <0.05). Conclusion Breastfeeding is a protective factor for children with simple abdominal obesity and combined obesity, and the rate of breastfeeding in China should be further improved. 【摘要】 目的 探讨母乳喂养与儿童青少年肥胖类型的关联, 为儿童期不同类型肥胖影响因素的识别和干预提供理论基 础。 方法 采用分层整群抽样方法, 在中国 7 个省市抽取 93 所中小学校学生进行体格检査和问卷调査, 选择母乳喂养等 资料完整的 30 437 名 7〜17 岁中小学生作为研究对象。采用无序多分类Logistic回归模型分析母乳喂养与儿童青少年肥 胖类型的关联。 结果 研究对象母乳喂养率为69.8%。母乳喂养组一般性肥胖、单纯腹型肥胖和复合型肥胖发生率依次 为 7.1%, 3.9% 和 18.7%, 非母乳喂养组为 7.0%, 4.7%和19.5%, 差异有统计学意义 (χ 2 = 14.04, P <0.01)。单因素分析发现, 以正常组 (体质量指数非超重肥胖且腰围< P 90 )为对照, 母乳喂养可降低单纯腹型肥胖的风险 ( OR = 0.81, 95% CI =0.72〜 0.92, P <0.01)。在多因素调整后, 母乳喂养仍可降低单纯腹型肥胖的风险 ( OR = 0.76,95% CI = 0.67~0.86, P <0.01), 并可降 低复合型肥胖的风险 ( OR = 0.93,95% CI =0.87~0.99, P <0.05)。 结论 母乳喂养是儿童青少年单纯腹型肥胖和复合型肥胖 的保护因素, 应进一步提髙中国母乳喂养率。

Polysomnographic Findings Assessment between Obese and Non-Obese Children and Adolescents with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity, which is associated with the health risk of OSA, is increasing. This study aimed to determine and assesse polysomnographic findings of obese and non-obese children and adolescents with OSA. Methods: In this cohort retrospective study, all the obese and non-obese children and adolescents with OSA referring to Sleep Disorders Clinic, Qazvin Children Hospital, during 2014-2019 were included. The number of samples was determined according to previous studies, patients case information was applied in this research. Obese children and adolescents were determined according to their BMI. PSG was performed for all the participants and its variables including sleep onset, sleep efficiency, sleep stages (N1, N2, N3, rapid eye movement (REM)), arousal index (AI), apnea hypopnea index (AHI), mean arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), and total sleep time were determined and compared in the two groups. Findings: This study was conducted on 52 children and adolescents for the obese and non-obese groups, respectively. Mann-Whitney test showed a statistically significant difference in the percentage of REM sleep stage between the two groups (P = 0.017). There was no statistically significant difference in the other polysomnographic variables between the two groups. In the obese group, linear regression showed significant correlation between body mass index (BMI) and AHI as well as mean arterial SaO2. Conclusion: the percentage of REM sleep stage in the obese group with OSA was lower than that in the non-obese group. There was a correlation (P ≤ 0.05) between obesity and respiratory events in sleep. It is predicted that with increasing age, obese people are more likely to have severe sleep apnea.

Sex-related knowledge and behavior among children in senior grade of kindergarten in rural areas fo Sichuan Province

Objective To analyze the level of sex-related knowledge and behavior and related factors among children in senior grade of kindergarten in rural areas, and to provide the evidence for early childhood sexuality education. Methods Multi-state stratified sampling method was adopted. From March to May 2019, a total of 324 students and their parents from 16 kindergartens of rural areas in Sichuan Province were enrolled, self-developed questionnaire was used to collect the basic demographic characteristics, information of sexuality education knowledge and sex-related behavior. Results The average score of sexuality education knowledge was 5(4, 6) point, and the awareness rate was 33.6% (109). The qualified sex-related behavior was observed in 75.0% (243 of all the children), while 25.0% (81) needed to be improved. Multivariate analysis showed that, compared with children were aware of the sexuality education knowledge, children who were unaware of the sexuality education knowledge were more likely to have good sex-related behavior, with the OR (95%CI) value was 2.06 (1.14–3.72). The possibility of having good sex-related behavior among those children with more than 2 members in the family parents carring out sexuality education was higher than children without sexuality education in the family, with the OR (95%CI) value being 2.40 (1.17–4.89). Conclusion The level of sexuality education knowledge among children in senior grade of kindergarten of rural areas in Sichuan is low, and most children’s behavior needs to be improved. Children’s awareness of sexuality education knowledge and the number of family members who have carried out sexuality education are related to the occurrence of children’s sex-related behavior. 【摘要】 目的 分析农村大班儿童性教育知识知晓水平、性相关行为发生情况及相关因素，为开展幼儿性教育活动提供 参考。 方法 采用多阶段分层抽样的方法，在2019年3—5月，对四川省农村16所幼儿园的324名大班儿童及其家长，采 用自编问卷对基本人口学特征、幼儿性教育相关知识和行为等进行调査。 结果 研究对象知识得分为5(4,6)分，知晓率 为33.6% (109名 ) 。性相关行为习惯良好的占75.0%(243名 ) ，尚需改进的占25.0%(81名）。多因素Logistic回归分析结 果显示，与不知晓幼儿性教育相关知识的孩子相比，知晓者有良好的性相关行为可能性更髙（ OR = 2.06,95%CI =1.14~ 3.72);开展性教育的家长人数多2位的孩子有良好的性相关行为的可能性较家长人数为0位的髙（ OR = 2.40,95%CI =1.17 ~4.89)。 结论 四川农村地区大班儿童性教育知识知晓情况较差，多数孩子的行为习惯尚需改进。孩子的性教育知识知 晓情况和开展幼儿性教育的家长人数与孩子性相关行为有关。

Associations of psychological resilience with family cohesion and non-suicidal self-injury of middle school students in Fujian Province

Objective To explore the relationship between family cohesion, psychological resilience and non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students. Methods By using the stratified random cluster sampling method, 2 065 students from 4 middle school from Fujian province were investigated with family cohesion scale, adolescent psychological resilience scale and adolescent self-injury behavior questionnaire. Results The report rate of self-injury was 40.34%, which differed by childhood migration experiences, parenting style as well as academic pressure ( χ 2 = 11.66, 29.45, 12.48, P <0.01). Total scores and dimensional scales in family cohesion and psychological resilience showed significant differences in students with or without self-injury ( t = - 8. 33, -12.08, -7.29, -11.53, -3.38, -7.37, -7.68, P <0.01) . The family cohesion was positively correlated with the psychological resilience and each dimension ( r = 0.27-0.56, P <0.01), but negatively correlated with non-suicidal self-injury ( r = -0.18, P <0.01). The psychological resilience and each dimension were negatively correlated with non-suicidal self-injury ( r = - 0. 24-- 0. 14, P < 0.01). Psychological resilience had a partial mediating effect between family cohesion and non-suicidal self-injury, with mediating effect accounting for 61.11% of the total effect. Conclusion Psychological resilience played a mediating role between family cohesion and non-suicidal self-injury. By promoting family cohesion to improve psychological resilience, it is helpful to prevent non-sui- cidal self-injury among middle school students. 【摘要】 目的 探究中学生家庭亲密度、心理弹性与自伤行为之间的关系及内在机制，为中学生自伤行为预防和干预提 供科学依据。 方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法，选取福建省4所中学的2 065名学生，采用家庭亲密度量表、青少年心理 弹性量表和青少年自我伤害行为问卷进行测量。 结果 中学生自伤行为报告率为40.34%，是否有留守经历、不同家庭教 养方式、不同学习压力学生自伤行为报告率差异均有统计学意义(χ 2 值分别为11.66,29.45，12.48，P值均<0.01)。在家庭 亲密度得分、心理弹性总分及5个维度得分上，有无自伤行为学生差异均有统计学意义（ t 值分别为-8.33，-12.08，-7.29, -11.53，-3.38，-7.37，-7.68，P值均<0.01 )。家庭亲密度总分和心理弹性总分及各维度得分均呈正相关 （r = 0.27 ~ 0.56,P 值均<0.01)，与自伤行为呈负相关 (r = -0.18，P<0.01);心理弹性总分及各维度与自伤行为均呈负相关 （r =-0.24~-0.14，P 值均<0.01)。心理弹性在家庭亲密度和自伤行为间起部分中介作用，中介效应占总效应的61.11%。 结论 心理弹性在家 庭亲密度和自伤行为间起中介作用，可通过促进家庭亲密度、提升心理弹性，预防中学生自伤行为。

Experience of early childhood teachers in the initial application of 2019 revised Nuri curriculum

Experience of early childhood teachers in the initial application of 2019 revised Nuri curriculum

Medications Work Better Than Psychotherapy in People with Childhood Trauma

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are first-line treatments for anxiety and depressive disorders,