Chemical Properties Of Bio-oil Research Articles

Bio-oil from biomass fast pyrolysis: Yields, related properties and energy consumption analysis of the pyrolysis system

Based on a comprehensive study of biomass fluidized bed device, a fast pyrolysis experiment to produce bio-oil was carried out using rice husks as raw material. The effects of reaction temperature, fluidized gas volume, and feed rate on the yield of bio-oil were studied. Experiments showed that the best temperature for bio-oil yield was 500 °C, the best fluidizing gas flow rate was 22 m³/h and the best feed rate was 2.65 kg/h. The physical and chemical properties of bio-oil were analyzed, and the results showed that the density, acidity, calorific value, and viscosity of the first-level bio-oil were greater than those of the second-level bio-oil. Among the components, the contents of acids (18.74%), ketones (22.51%), esters (16.90%), and phenols (17.91%) were relatively high. Aspen Plus software was used to analyze the energy consumption of the reaction model. Most of the energy in the fast pyrolysis of biomass is consumed for the preheating and cooling of nitrogen, which accounts for 60% of the total energy consumption. The combustion of the coke and non-condensable gas, which are produced as by-products can be used for preheating raw materials to realize self-heating production. Combine experiment and simulation will promote its industrialization.

Accelerated Aging of Bio-oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Hardwood

Bio-oil is chemically and thermally unstable during storage and transportation. For that reason, it is necessary to evaluate the changes in the properties (chemical and physical) of bio-oil during storage to understand its chemical instability, which will further assist researchers in stabilization strategies. This paper describes the evaluation of an accelerated aging process on the physical and chemical properties of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of ash and birch woods using two different pyrolyzers, a pilot scale (auger) and lab scale (tube furnace), respectively. The produced oils (freshly made) were aged at 80 °C over different periods (1, 3, and 7 days) in sealed nitrogen-purged Nalgene vessels. Fresh oil was analyzed alongside aged oils. Bio-oils were characterized by viscometer, Karl Fischer titration (H2O), pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), photo-microscopy, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The water content, viscosity, decomposition temperature (TGA) and ash content levels in bio-oil samples all increased as the aging period lengthened. GC/MS analysis showed a major reduction in GC-analyzable components. The mass of residue remaining after pyrolysis–GC/MS increased, and the structures of pyrolysis products of this non-volatile residue along with NMR and FTIR data suggest the following aging processes; some of the reactive compounds undergo polymerization or reaction with other compounds, including olefins, alcohols, and aldehydes. Some possible reaction mechanisms are given. The oils remained as a single phase throughout the initial study period; however, on day 7, a clear phase separation was observed by photo-microscopy.

Comparative Study of Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Bio-Oil from Manila Grass and Water Hyacinth Transformed by Pyrolysis Process

The analyses of the physical and chemical properties of bio-oil by pyrolysis, which takes place at temperatures in the range of 450-600°C, were to compare the quality of bio-oil extracted from different weeds that is, 1) Manila grass (Zoysia Matrella (L.) Merr) (MG) and 2) Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) (WH). The preliminary analyses of biomass by proximate analysis. The results showed that biomass extracted from both weeds had good qualities because of low moisture content and high fixed carbon. MG found carbon content of 30.77%. While WH was 29.70%. The analysis of bio-oil can found the heating values of bio-oil from MG were difference from bio-oil obtained from WH, both held that there was in the Heating Value of high-level or better standards, especially bio-oil obtained from the MG have a heating value of about 32 MJ/Kg (at 500 °C). The content of sulfur quantity are found that bio-oil from the MG have lowest a sulfur quantity 0.26 wt.% at 400 oC; similarly; bio-oil from the WH have lowest a sulfur quantity 0.27 wt.% at 400 oC. The amount of carbon in the bio-oil obtained from MG and bio-oil obtained from WH was 55.57 wt.% and 55.03 wt.%, respectively., carbon was relatively high in both weeds. Hence; In this research are concerns the feeding rate, the control gas flow, the temperatures in reactor and reactor operate. MG and WH can produce hi quality of bio-oil and two weeds of resist in Thailand can be also used to generate the other fuel energy in the future.