Structure regulation of O3-type layered cathode materials enables high-capacity and long-cycling sodium-ion batteries.

The growing demand for real-time, adaptive facial recognition in resource-constrained environments like telemedicine, surveillance, and biometric authentication necessitates scalable AI solutions. Existing systems often falter under low-data conditions or limited computational resources. This paper introduces AIFS, an efficient and hybrid facial recognition framework that unifies traditional feature-based learning with modern few-shot deep learning under a shared Siamese architecture. The framework proposes two synergistic approaches: (1) a lightweight edge-oriented path using the Viola-Jones algorithm combined with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for facial feature extraction within a Siamese network, optimized for low-power devices, and (2) a deep learning cloud-oriented path using a Siamese network with triplet loss, employing EfficientNetV2 and InceptionV3 as high-capacity feature encoders for enhanced generalization from limited examples. The proposed AIFS framework is validated across diverse platforms to simulate real-world deployment, with CPUs and Raspberry Pi representing resource-constrained edge devices, and GPUs representing high-capacity cloud environments. Tested on the Kaggle Face Recognition Dataset under a one-shot, low-data setting, AIFS achieves up to 99% accuracy. The results demonstrate a balance between latency, inference speed, and resource efficiency, confirming AIFS as a scalable and robust solution for real-time facial recognition in heterogeneous computing scenarios.

The use of natural and synthetic sorbents for polluted water treatment from heavy metals and oil products is one of the most practical methods of natural and waste water treatment. The main advantages of adsorption of polluted water treatment with sorbents are a sufficiently high degree of purification, costeffectiveness and the possibility of repeated use of the sorbent. The use of natural renewable raw materials is of great interest in the development of commercially available complex sorbents capable of sorbing both inorganic compounds and organic pollutants (petroleum products) and facilitating the biodegradation of the latter to carbon dioxide and water using natural regional microorganisms. A new complex sorbent on the basis of rice husk and shungite has been obtained. It is capable of effectively sorbing heavy metals, oil, surfactants (neonol AF 9-12) and activating subsequent biodegradation (decomposition) of oil and oil products under the action of an indigenous association of oil-oxidizing microorganisms. The sorption characteristics of the sorbent in relation to oil, neonol AF 9-12, cadmium(II), lead(II) and strontium(II) ions have been determined. It was found that the obtained sorbent in terms of oil capacity, which amounted to 1.769 g/g, exceeds shungite and rice husk by 3.9 and 1.1 times, respectively. The study of the sorbent's effect on the process of biodegradation of diesel fuel hydrocarbons showed that the introduction of the sorbent onto the soil surface leads to a decrease in the content of oil products by 53 % in 1 month, with natural degradation of oil products – 12 %. The sorbent obtained on the basis of shungite and rice husk has sufficiently high capacity characteristics, promotes biodegradation of diesel fuel under the action of natural microorganisms and is promising for the elimination of emergency oil spills and wastewater treatment.

Enhanced lymphatic transportation of SLN by mimicking oligopeptide transportation route

Secondary batteries, unlike primary batteries, have experienced rapid growth as batteries that can be recharged and reused after discharge, such as those used in electric vehicles. As the market grows, the increasing prices of rare metals such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel, which are key raw materials for lithium secondary batteries, are putting significant pressure on battery manufacturers and automobile manufacturers. Sodium, the fourth most abundant element on Earth, is gaining attention for its potential to increase price competitiveness and enable the recycling of materials without emitting carbon dioxide in sodium-ion batteries. In this study, we fabricated secondary battery electrodes composed of metal-carbon using a composite anode material consisting of tin and hard carbon, and evaluated the electrochemical properties of these electrodes. The metal-hard carbon composite material exhibited a high discharge capacity of 559.6 mAh/g and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 90.74% after one cycle. Compared to electrodes using only hard carbon, the discharge capacity increased by approximately 200%, while maintaining a Coulombic efficiency of 90% without degradation. Even after 100 cycles of charging and discharging at a current density of 0.4 mA/cm², the long life performance of maintaining 90% or more of C.R. compared to the initial stage was stably operated. Also, Hard carbon has a volume capacity of 1.5mAh/cm², but Metal-hard carbon composite material has a volume capacity of 2.1~2.4mAh/cm², hence increasing the energy density of the sodium battery. The metal-hard carbon composite material produced in this study is considered suitable for application as a sodium battery anode material due to its excellent Coulombic efficiency, high capacity characteristics, and outstanding long-term stability.Keywords: Tin, Hard carbon, metal-carbon, metal composite, sodium battery, sodium ion, Na, secondary battery

Abstract The demand for Li-ion batteries is increasing year by year, which poses a great challenge to the scarce Li and Co resources. Na-ion batteries are considered to be one of the potential energy storage batteries because of their low raw material cost, wide source of sodium resources, and prices that are not susceptible to market fluctuations. The layered oxide positive electrode (such as NaNi1/3Mn1/3Fe1/3O2, NMF) is a potential replacement due to its high-capacity characteristics and low-cost advantages. However, the rate performance of NMF is compromised by the slow migration kinetics of Na+ ions. Here, we used the Mg doping strategy to realize the enhancement of the rates and cycling properties of NMF. Our research shows that the 2% Mg-doped cathode material has superior rate performance and cycling performance. The discharge-specific capacities are 120.5 mAh/g at 0.1C and 88.9 mAh/g for 100 cycles at 0.5C with a high retention rate (85.2%).

Enhancing the sodium storage performance of hard carbon by constructing thin carbon coatings via esterification reactions

As a high-performance lithium-ion battery cathode material, nickel rich cathode material (NRCM) has the characteristics of high capacity and long cycle life, which has attracted the attention of researchers. The electrochemical performance of NRCM is influenced by various factors. Traditional experimental methods require a lot of time and resources, and cannot fully reveal the complex interactions between these influencing factors. To address this issue, collaborative perception computing has been introduced into electrochemical analysis. In the electrochemical impact analysis of NRCM, multiple sensing nodes can be used to collect and share electrochemical performance data, and data processing and analysis can be carried out through collaborative sensing calculation methods. A comprehensive analysis of the effects of different factors on the performance of NRCM, as well as optimization of material structure and battery design, can greatly improve the efficiency of data collection. In this study, the electrochemical performance of NRCM would be analyzed using a collaborative perception based electrochemical analysis algorithm using collaborative perception computing. In the experiment, electrochemical analysis was conducted on the 523, 622, and 811 ratio schemes of LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 ternary cathode material LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2. After experimental verification, the average discharge specific capacities of nickel cobalt manganese ternary cathode materials in the ratios of 523, 622, and 811 were 174.52MAh/g, 184.75MAh/g, and 200.73MAh/g, respectively. These results indicated that the 811 ratio of nickel cobalt manganese ternary cathode material exhibited the best performance in terms of discharge specific capacity, and had obvious advantages compared to the other two ratios. Collaborative perception computing has brought new research ideas and methods to the field of lithium-ion battery research, which has promoted further research and development of cathode material properties.

Robust high capacity in-plane elastic wave transport in 2D chiral metastructures

Abstract Like other aqueous batteries, aqueous rechargeable Al‐ion batteries (ARAIBs) have attracted much attention due to their high safety and low cost. However, the low energy density of ARAIBs limits its popularization and application. In order to solve this problem, in addition to choosing Al metal as the negative electrode, it is also necessary to choose a suitable positive electrode material. Here, a cubic phase cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF) with excellent rate and cycling performance is used as the positive electrode material. Due to the reversible catalysis of the Cl−/Cl0 reaction at high potential in saturated AlCl3 solution, it has the characteristics of high capacity up to 103.5 mAh g−1. Combined with the Al metal as negative electrode, an ARAIB with an average discharge voltage of 1.56 V and an energy density of 155 Wh kg−1 is constructed, which shows outstanding cycling and rate performances.

As a kind of energy storage device, a flexible supercapacitor has the characteristics of high capacity, fast charge/discharge rate, good stability, portability and softness. Conductive polymer polypyrrole (PPy) can be used as an electrode material for supercapacitors due to its environmental friendliness, simple synthesis process, good conductivity and potential for large-scale production. However, pristine PPy inevitably suffers from structural rupture due to repeated doping/de-doping during charge and discharge processes, which in turn impairs its cycle stability. In general, compounding with flexible substrates like soft carbon materials, cellulose or nylon fabric, is a good strategy to weaken the inner stress and restrain the structure pulverization of PPy. Herein, cellulose is utilized as a soft substrate to compound with PPy based on the electrochemical oxidation of polypyrrole. The interfacial electrodeposition method can successfully obtain a smooth, uniform and flexible PPy/cellulose composite film, which shows good conductivity. The assembled symmetric supercapacitor with PPy/cellulose film has an optimized specific capacitance of 256.1 mF cm-2, even after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 1 mA cm-2. Furthermore, there is no significant capacitance loss even after 180° bending of the device. This work provides a new means to prepare flexible, low-cost, environmentally friendly and high-performance electrode materials for energy conversion and storage systems.

Computational evaluation of lithium functionalized Penta-BN2 as promising reversible hydrogen storage

Dual modification of P2–Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 by Co doping and Al1.8Co0.2O3 coating

Three different crystalline forms of Mn3O4 were successfully prepared by a liquid phase method with different additives. Using XRD, SEM, EDS, BET, compacted density and electrochemical analysis, the effects of different additives on the morphology, phase composition, surface characteristics, specific surface area, electrochemical and other physical and chemical properties of manganese oxides were investigated. The results showed that the rod type Mn3O4 was prepared by mixing ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol in a 1 : 1 ratio and an appropriate amount of cetylmethyl ammonium bromide as the additive. The rod-type Mn3O4 showed a maximum specific surface area of 63.87 m2 g−1 and has the advantages of low compaction density, no introduction of other impurities, and high adsorption potential. It also has excellent electrochemical performance and an impedance of 240 Ω. The specific capacity was as high as 666.5 mA h g−1 at 1C current density and 382.2 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles. The results also showed that the electrochemical performance of Mn2O3 prepared at 700 °C from the rod-type Mn3O4 was the best. When it was used as the anode material of a lithium-ion battery, it showed a high specific capacity of 712.1 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles. Therefore, the rod-type Mn2O3 material has the characteristics of high capacity, low cost and environmental friendliness and is a promising candidate anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Current commercial lithium ion battery (LIB) anodes comprising graphite and Li4Ti5O12 inevitably suffer from safety risk and low energy density. Hence, a novel anode material of Ti0.95Nb0.95O4/C hybrid nanotubes was developed via a modified sol-gel method combined with subsequent calcination. The hybrids consist of Ti0.95Nb0.95O4 quantum dots that are homogeneously embedded in the walls of porous bamboo-like CNTs. The high capacity feature of multiple redox couples of Ti-Nb-O based anodes is demonstrated by ex situ XPS in the hybrids. With the advantages of stimulative lithium storage, increased conductivity and robust mechanical properties due to the unique hybrid structure, the hybrids exhibit a high capacity (516.8 mA h g-1 at 0.2 A g-1), superior long-term cycling stability (142.7 mA h g-1 at 5 A g-1 after 3000 cycles) and an ultra-high rate capability (234.6 mA h g-1 at 1 A g-1 and 125 mA h g-1 at 8 A g-1). Meanwhile, the hybrids showed superior electrochemical performance compared with the reported Li4Ti5O12 and Ti-Nb-O based anodes. Furthermore, the GITT measurements revealed the fast Li+ transport for the charge-discharge processes of the hybrids. Such prominent merits of the Ti0.95Nb0.95O4/C hybrid nanotubes make them more likely candidates that can replace graphite and Li4Ti5O12 anodes in LIBs.

Due to their characteristics of high capacity and appropriate potassiation/depotassiation potential, Sb-based materials have become a class of promising anode materials for potassium ion batteries (PIBs). However, the huge strain induced by potassiation/depotassiation limits their ability to periodically accept/release K+ . Herein, a composite with FeSb2 nanoparticles embedded in a 3D porous carbon framework (FeSb2 @3DPC) is successfully constructed as an extremely stable anode material for PIBs. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the design of nano and porous structures, the introduction of the inactive metal Fe, the firm anchoring of the FeSb2 nanoparticles by the carbon material, and the incomplete reaction of the FeSb2 , the FeSb2 @3DPC can achieve an ultra-long cycle life of over 4000 cycles at a current density of 500mA g-1 . Furthermore, ex situ X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy reveal a gradual activation process of FeSb2 for potassium storage. Fortunately, after activation, the electrochemical polarization of the FeSb2 @3DPC anode gradually alleviates and the capacitance-controlled charge storage mode further dominates compared with the diffusion-controlled mode, all of which promote the FeSb2 @3DPC to maintain the stable potassium storage capability.

Aqueous Zn-iodine redox flow batteries have aroused great interest for the features of high capacity, excellent stability, low cost, and high safety, yet the dissatisfying energy efficiency still limits their future advancement. In this work, three-dimensional semiconductor BiVO4 nanoparticles decorated hierarchical TiO2/SnO2 arrays (BiVO4@TiO2/SnO2) were applied as photocathode in Zn-iodine redox flow batteries (ZIRFBs) for the realization of efficient photo-assisted charge/discharge process. The photogenerated carriers at the solid/liquid interfaces boosted the oxidation process of I−, and thus contributed to a significant elevation in energy efficiency of 14.9% (@0.5 mA cm−2). A volumetric discharge capacity was extended by 79.6% under light illumination, owing to a reduced polarization. The photocathode also exhibited an excellent durability, leading to a stable operation for over 80 h with a maintained high energy efficiency of ∼90% @0.2 mA cm−2. The research offers a feasible approach for the realization of high-energy-efficiency aqueous Zn-iodine batteries towards high-efficiency energy conversion and utilization.

The layered material of nickel cobalt manganese oxide lithium oxide is one of the most promising lithium-ion battery (LIBs) materials, with the characteristics of high capacity and high density. However, most nickel-rich layered oxides have the phenomenon of cation mixing and the phenomenon that the layered structure changes to the spinel structure during the cycle, which results in poor capacity and cycle performance under high cut-off voltage. Herein, we modified LiNi[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]O2 with Ti and Na co-doping to observe the changes in the specific capacity, cycle performance and crystal structure of the material. Ti and Na co-doped LiNi[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]O2 has the most obvious effect on increasing the discharge specific capacity and improving the cycle performance. In sthe voltage range of 3–4.5[Formula: see text]V, its discharge specific capacity reaches 183.5[Formula: see text]mAh/gat 0.5C, and the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles is 81.96%, and its discharge specific capacity reaches 164.2[Formula: see text]mAh/g at 1C and after 100 cycles Capacity retention rate is 80.93%. The introduction of Ti and Na plays an important role in improving the cation mixing phenomenon and improving the stability of the crystal structure.

BN nanosheets in-situ mosaic on MOF-5 derived porous carbon skeleton for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

A lightweight nitrogen/oxygen dual-doping carbon nanofiber interlayer with meso-/micropores for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries