Character Of Social Relations Research Articles

Philosophy of Social Intercourse and Artificial Intelligence

The paper aims to analyze three discussions pertaining to the artificial intelligence project that took place on both sides of the “Iron Curtain” since the 1960s: 1) E.V. Ilyenkov – D.I. Dubrovsky (USSR), 2) H. Dreyfus – computer scientists (USA), 3) H. Dreyfus – H. Collins (USA – UK). The authors observe the originality of the arguments of Soviet philosophers in comparison with the discussions in the US and UK. The basis for a comparative analysis of these discussions is the typology of social intercourse paradigms, which assumes the existence of three fundamentally different views of humans as social beings: the information-instrumental, the existential-phenomenological, and the social-institutional paradigms. These views correlate with the ideas about humans within different theoretical structures examining artificial intelligence. The information-instrumental paradigm poses the problem of social intercourse regarding communication, material, and informational exchange (D.I. Dubrovsky, computer scientists). The social-institutional paradigm considers social intercourse as personification, actualization, and implementation of the structural characteristics of social relations (E.V. Ilyenkov). The existential-phenomenological paradigm characterizes social intercourse as the realization of the internal potency of a self-conscious individual (H. Dreyfus). The paper exposes that the theoretical and methodological foundations of the discussions under consideration are similar to the paradigmatic foundations of the analysis of social intercourse in social philosophy and social sciences. There are “two and a half floors” in the research of problems associated with the entry of artificial intelligence technologies into the everyday life of society: 1) philosophy, computer and cognitive sciences; 2) social sciences; 3) interdisciplinary research. A particular paradigmatic structure and a unique research problem characterize each of them. In conclusion, “new old questions” are highlighted that structure the field of contemporary social analytics for studying artificial intelligence and artificial sociality.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: E-commerce User Recommendation Algorithm Based on Social Relationship Characteristics and Improved K-Means Algorithm

In the era of the Internet, information data continue to accumulate, and the explosive growth of network information explosion leads to the reduction of the accuracy of users’ access to information. To enhance the user experience and purchasing desire of e-commerce users, a e-commerce user recommendation algorithm based on social relationship characteristics and improved K-means algorithm is proposed. It combines the Automatic Time Division Dynamic Topic Model based on adaptive time slice division for building a strength calculation model in view of the characteristics of social relations. Then, it proposes an e-commerce user recommendation algorithm in view of the improved K-means algorithm to improve the accuracy of topic feature extraction and user recommendation. The experiment illustrates that there is no fluctuation in the clustering function of the improved K-means algorithm, and the highest, lowest, and average accuracy remain consistent under the three datasets, with average accuracy of 78.9%, 84.5%, and 95.9%, respectively. The community discovery-based friend recommendation algorithm presented in the study has the highest accuracy, illustrating that improving the K-means algorithm can further improve recommendation accuracy. The accuracy of the feature extraction method in view of alternative cost is 0.63, which improves the accuracy by about 9%. The results indicate that this study can provide technical support for user recommendations on e-commerce platforms.

Опыт концептуализации специальных военных операций в современном праве

Special military operations are associated with the establishment of a special legal regime in a certain territory or in relation to certain actions, as well as with the special activities of collective subjects and military officials. Difficulties in international legal and law enforcement conceptualization give rise to various forms of legal understanding of the phenomenon of “special military operation”. The article discusses interrelated conceptual, legal, and institutional issues of special military operations, including the way they apply to Russia’s special military operation (SMO) in Ukraine at different stages of legal regulation. In terms of differentiation of the legal regulation’s object, SMO is already regulated by over 30 federal laws and subsidiary legislation acts, and this list continues to grow. The specifics of the formation of special legislation on SMO that forms a separate subject area of the Russian law is revealed. Specialization of legislation first manifested itself at the level of individual legal norms (such as military award procedures in SMO area) and sub-institutions (such as ensuring monetary and social security of its participants, partial mobilization procedures etc.), with subsequent optimization and integration of legal regulation into single legal institution of SMO. Legal regulation problems in the field of military confrontation in cyber-space and at sea actualized by SMO are also addressed. The authors conclude that some features of social relations to be regulated in the case of SMO require certain legal norms and the method of legal regulation to be revised, as the existing legal mechanisms do not always function effectively.

The COVID-19 Pandemic, Academia, Gender, and Beyond: A Review

This article aims to engage critically with the scholarly narratives and the emerging literature on the gender impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in academia. It outlines the key contours and themes in these scholarly discourses and conceptions, acknowledging their richness, depth and strengths especially given the short timespan within which they have developed since 2020. The article then suggests broadening and historicising the critique advanced by the literature further. In doing so, the hierarchies and vulnerabilities exposed in the academic domain by the pandemic are positioned within a holistic understanding of crisis-ridden characteristics of social relations under capitalism.

Theolinguistic Analysis of Religious topics raised in Kabylisa Zhyrau

There are many historical figures in the Kazakh steppe who are known and distinguished by their wisdom and eloquence. Their poems and wisdom thoughts, which they left as a cultural heritage for generations, require special and comprehensive study. After all, the oral folk literature, which is one of the main sources of our history, fully describes the events and features of social relations in that historical period. Among the historical figures with such distinctive features, it is appropriate to include Kabylisa zhyrau. After all, through the poems of Kabylis, they give information about such important issues as the peculiarities of the development of traditional Kazakh society in the XVIII-XIX centuries, the worldview of the Kazakh people. Of course, one of the most important topics in the work of Zhyrau, such as Kabylis, is the issue of religion. In the course of the research, we will prove the high level of religious education by analyzing the works of Kabylisa Zhyrau. Today, researchers are particularly interested in the analysis of religious themes in the works of poets and zhyrau, such as Kabylis, which have a special place in history. It is appropriate that the words of wisdom and psalms of our scholars, who learned the basics of traditional faith and conveyed the basic concepts of Islam in a convenient way to the people, become a new direction for today's research work. Only by forming the scientific foundations of the continuity of generations can the historical appearance of traditional faith be described. Key words: traditions, religion, zhyrau, worldview, poet, Islam, personality, independence.

Russian economy: a systematic view

The article proposes a systematic description of Russian economy, in order to move from its unilateral definitions to its comprehensive assessment. This assessment is necessary to determine both the foundations of the current state of Russian economy and the prospects for its development. This characteristic is intended to reflect the level of development of the Russian economic system, its place in the system of world economy and its national peculiarities. The article deals with a set of features reflecting the internal structure of the Russian economic system: market situation, the system of reproduction, economy structure, the main socio-economic institutions etc., taking into account the historical development that led to the formation of the current state of affairs. Within the framework of this point of view, Russian economy appears to be a peculiar version of a mixed economy with a significant share of state participation and the structure of private property, formed largely as a result of its noneconomic redistribution. In such an economy there are no economic, institutional and social conditions that provide effective domestic sources of economic development. The national and cultural peculiarities of the Russian economy are determined on the basis of a variety of factors, ranging from natural-climatic, spatial, and up to socio-psychological formed, among other things, due to the influence of peculiar features of social relations’ historical evolution. Finally, the Russian economy place in the system of global economy is considered. It is defined primarily on the basis of qualities and level of Russian economic system development. The conclusion is made that Russian economic system meets the characteristics of semiperipheral economies. Such a characteristic of Russian economic system does not exclude the capability of its modernization, but makes it possible only in case of qualitative changes in the existing economic model.

Looks like power: Automatic processing of power cues from briefly presented primes.

Power, as a ubiquitous feature of social relations, is frequently used in information processing. Due to its relevance for social interactions, we expected that power is automatically processed. In three experiments, participants categorized stimuli in a response window priming procedure as either powerful or power-neutral. The stimuli were preceded by briefly presented primes that were either never used as targets or were also used as targets. We obtained evidence for an automatic, unintentional processing of power-related pictures even when novel primes were processed. The effect even occurred when primes and targets did not share any perceptual features, such that primes had to be processed semantically. We further revealed correlations between the automatic processing of power cues and right-wing authoritarianism, but not social dominance orientation status, or power ability. In sum, we show a stable priming effect indicating that power is automatically processed from briefly presented primes.

Epidemic Strangeness and the Need for Myth in the Anthropocene

In this essay I attempt to draw some crucial theoretical parallelisms between ancient Greek cosmology and the Anthropocene. Taking inspiration from Marcel Detienne and Timothy Morton’s work, I deploy the figure of Dionysos as a conceptual persona which can help us think of strangeness as a non-human mode of relationality Anthropocene societies must urgently engage with. Events such as the ongoing Covid-19 epidemic, through which non-humans are brought to the forefront of politics and social relations, traditionally result to attempts of sublating strangeness through human modes of knowledge. As I argue, epidemics instead demand the creation of practices, collectives and techniques through which strangeness is not eliminated or ‘understood’, but rather elevated to a fundamental feature of social relations. In such sense, the ancient world presents a critical vector of intervention to the current state of the Anthropocene, since it showcases a cosmos in which human life and society is constantly embedded and negotiated amid non-human strangeness.

Magic and Social Domination in a Rural Turkish Community

A striking feature of social relations in a northwestern Turkish community occurs in the sphere of moral or religious life. While there are many accounts of religious life in the context of official Islamic doctrine, a wide range of less official beliefs and activities are practised along with formai Islam in the community of Sakli. Magic or büyü designates a range of activities with aims and purposes which do not emanate from the authority of orthodoxy. The value and meaning of büyü is located in attempts to subvert or alter situations that are the product offate, or the actions of more powerful actors. In this context this article illustrates how local villagers take their projects to a hoca (lit. religious teacher) who attempts to shape fate more to their liking, for a fee. In their practice of assisting resistance to what is ’written’ in codes or decided by the powerful, hoca often borrow Qur’anic prayers to support their clients’ projects. Written prayers are used as objects that can effect goals, such as protecting villagers from misfortunes, finding ’appropriate’ mates, casting love spells, and occasionally causing harm. I argue that büyü challenges the collusion between official Islamic authority and mainstream local morality.

Personality Resources of Adolescents in the Educational Environment

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the importance of the category “psychological safety” for the support of the life quality of modern people, which is influenced in a complicated way by physical health, psychological well-being, value preferences, features of social relations and their relation to the characteristic features of the environment. The state of psychological safety is a significant factor ensuring the effectiveness of еducation, upbrining and development of the younger generation. However, the personal resources that contribute to the support of this state among adolescents and young people in the educational environment are more understudied. The purpose of the article is to determine the resources of adolescents, which are the predictors of the state of psychological safety. Materials and Methods. The method “Psychological safety of the educational environmentˮ developed by I.А. Baeva was used to study students’ level of psychological safety. The method of S. Schwartz was used to assess the personality’s value orientations, to assess the level of psychological well-being – were used Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being (RPWB), the level of loneliness – UCLA Loneliness Scale (D. Russell, M. Ferguson), the level of hopelessness – Hopelessness Scale, Beck et al., the level of social intelligence – Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale, the level of aggression – Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, hardiness – Hardiness Survey (S. Maddi). The methods of mathematical statistics used in the research (descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analyzes) are implemented by means of the IBM SPSS Statistics 19 package. Results. It has been proven that the resources of adolescents’ psychological safety in the educational environment are: values, psychological well-being, social intelligence, hardiness and a low level of aggressiveness. The state of psychological safety is influenced by such manifestations as conformity and following traditions, a positive image of the future, the experience of community with other people, the ability to understand and predict other people’s feelings and behavior, a sense of involvement in life events. Discussion and Conclusion. The article is of interest for researchers of psychological safety problems in education, practical psychologists and specialists of the education system for the evidence of prevention programs and ensuring the safety of the educational environment and its participants.

The Evaluation Model of College Students' Mental Health in the Environment of Independent Entrepreneurship Using Neural Network Technology.

In recent years, the employment of college students is becoming more and more prominent; no matter for the society, universities, college students themselves, and their families have formed a huge pressure, in the current situation, the success rate of college students to start their own business is not high; one of the important reasons is that college students generally have defects in entrepreneurial psychology. Therefore, effective evaluation of college students' mental health under the environment of independent entrepreneurship is conducive to comprehensively improving the quality of talent training in colleges and universities. In this paper, we propose a novel three-channel multifeature fusion network based on neural network technology to identify and predict college students' mental health problems in the self-entrepreneurship environment. Specifically, we first extract the behavior characteristics, visual characteristics, and social relations as a three-channel network input. Second, in view of the behavior characteristic, we use the length of the memory deep context dependent on network access. In view of visual features, we use the convolution neural network to face emotional characteristics and characteristics of social relations. The feature concat strategy is used for feature fusion. The experimental results on real datasets show that the method in this paper is effective, and it is expected to propose a new solution for college students' mental health assessment.

Beyond deficit: 'strengths-based approaches' in Indigenous health research.

Health research concerning Indigenous peoples has been strongly characterised by deficit discourse-a 'mode of thinking' that is overly focused on risk behaviours and problems. Strengths-based approaches offer a different perspective by promoting a set of values that recognise the capacities and capabilities of Indigenous peoples. In this article, we seek to understand the conceptual basis of strengths-based approaches as currently presented in health research. We propose that three main approaches exist: 'resilience' approaches concerned with the personal skills of individuals; 'social-ecological' approaches, which focus on the individual, community and structural aspects of a person's environment; and 'sociocultural' approaches, which view 'strengths' as social relations, collective identities and practices. We suggest that neither 'resilience' nor 'social-ecological' approaches sufficiently problematise deficit discourse because they remain largely informed by Western concepts of individualised rationality and, as a result, rest on logics that support notions of absence and deficit. In contrast, sociocultural approaches tend to view 'strengths' not as qualities possessed by individuals, but as the structure and character of social relations, collective practices and identities. As such, they are better able to capture Indigenous ways of knowing and being and provide a stronger basis on which to build meaningful interventions.

Юридический анализ составов мошенничества в банковской сфере

Based on the analysis of the more frequent cases of committing fraud in the banking sector, the features of the criminal-legal characteristics of the offenses provided for by Art. 159.1 and 159.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. It was established that Articles 159.1 and 159.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation by virtue of Part 3 of Art. 17 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are special in relation to the general rule providing for liability for fraud in general, and therefore they most fully disclose by the legislator the specific and characteristic features of social relations in the banking sector, which are subject to criminal law protection. Attention is focused on those signs, the definition of which is more difficult in law enforcement. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the direct object of fraud in the banking sector, the disclosure of the content of its objective side, including the method of committing the crime. The subjective signs of fraud in the banking sector are considered. Practical examples of bringing the perpetrators to justice for banking fraud are demonstrated. Based on the results of the study, the author of the work comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to improve legislation in this area, to strengthen the explanatory and law enforcement activities of the relevant subjects of legal relations. In addition, the analysis of judicial practice given by the author in the study emphasizes its controversial nature. In other words, the author supports the theoretical calculations with an analysis of practical features.

Чжурчжэньские орудия для уборки урожая (по материалам Шайгинского городища)

Purpose. The article is dedicated to the research of harvesting tools that were excavated on the territory of the Shaiginskoe site. For the first time, the full statistics of the material are given, its new classification has been developed, and the data reveal the role of agriculture in life in the military-agricultural settlements of the State of East Xia. The Jurchens’ walled towns dating back to the period of the Eastern Xia State are qualified as military and agricultural settlements. Fortification structures of the sites imply their military functions, whereas findings of agricultural equipment affirm respective activities of the citizens. The agricultural implements excavated on the site of Shaiginskoe include hand-held tools typically used by the Jurchen people for harvesting cereal crops or cutting grass for hay. The article covers a complete statistic of the archaeological findings, provides a new type of their classification and demonstrates the scientists’ efforts to determine the specific features of social relations in military and agricultural settlements. Results. A total of 113 items have been found in the Shayginskoe settlement, which can be attributed to tools for harvesting. According to morphological features, they can be divided into species A – sickles and species B – scythes. Having analyzed the unearthed material, the authors conclude that the tools had a cross-purpose and their functions were not clearly separated. The Jurchens’ sickle appeared to be similar to the sickle-scythe used by the Manchus. They correspond to each other in size, shape and functionality. The only difference lies in a manner of fastening the blade to the handle. Conclusion. Judging by the number of agricultural equipment found in almost one in three dwellings of The Shaiginskoe fortification, it can be concluded that many residents of the city, to varying degrees, engaged in agriculture, supplemented by fishing and hunting, providing themselves with food, however agriculture played an important role in the economy of medieval fortifications of Primorye, and formed the basis of agricultural activity of the Jurchen.

Technological innovation in architecture and engineering education - an investigation on three generations from Turkey

The developments in technology have caused many radical changes in the curriculum of architecture and engineering (a/e) disciplines. At the same time, generations and their personal characteristics are in continuous change that is shaping newer education techniques. In this context, this study is aimed to compare the educational perceptions of generations X, Y and Z for the advancements in the curriculum. For this purpose, a literature review concerning the technological advancements in education and characteristics of X, Y, and Z generations are demonstrated. Then, a survey was conducted on 160 respondents to differ the perceptions between these generations while considering the respondents’ educational and social-related features. Results of this study support that Information Technology (IT)-related education is insufficient for the upcoming generations who were born and grew in the digital age. Generation Y is the least satisfied with IT-related lectures and more affected by the movement of sustainability. The perceptions between the generations are found statistically different and solutions are offered for the upcoming generations. The outcomes of this study are expected to guide professionals in a/e education to better fulfill the expectations of the upcoming generations.

Gerakan Sosial Keagamaan Thariqah ‘Alawiyyin

Religious social movement that the author means a discussion of religious problems does not lie in the controversy found in religious teachings. Nor does it lie in the interpretation of the verses that give guidance on the worship of ubudiyah and syariah muamalah. The emphasis is more on how to influence the process of taking public policy to comply with the sharia. When viewed in terms of the characteristics of social relations, such religious movements can develop social relations that are exclusively closed, in the sense of involving only themselves, or commit monopolistic actions on the various resources they have. But it can also develop social relationships that are inclusive open, in the sense of wanting to engage in movements outside the group, as long as in the spirit of upholding Islamic law. The religious movement through the development of tariqah 'Alawi is now more popular with the movement of the practice of tariqah Al-Haddadiyyah.

Lost in translation: Collecting and coding data on social relations from audio-visual recordings

Some of the constitutive features of social relations fade from view when information naturally produced by sequential social interaction is translated into network ties. Building on core concepts and ideas developed within conversation analysis, in this paper we argue that this happens because the sequential, multimodal and embodied character of social relations can be fully understood only with reference to the sequential constrains that are generated by – and at the same time shape the micro-dynamics of social interaction. We suggest that the translation of social interaction into social networks precludes analysis of the multiple interfaces that sustain social relations (multimodality), and the material resources around which social relations are organized (embodiment). We highlight audio-visual recording as a data collection technology that facilitates storage, retrieval, and analysis of complex information on social relations that is typically absent from social network data. An illustrative video-supported case study based on the observation of social and task-related interaction among members of surgical teams provides the empirical context that supports and motivates our general reflection on network data collection strategies and technologies to study social interaction. The analysis highlights the need for social networks research to return to the study of social relations.

It’s not just “us” versus “them”: Moving beyond binary perspectives on intergroup processes

ABSTRACT The social psychology of intergroup relations has emerged largely from studies of how one group of people (e.g., whites) think and feel about another (e.g., blacks). By reducing the social world to binary categories, this approach has provided an effective and efficient methodological framework. However, it has also obscured important features of social relations in historically divided societies. This paper highlights the importance of investigating intergroup relationships involving more than two groups and of exploring not only their psychological but also their political significance. Exemplifying this argument, we discuss the conditions under which members of disadvantaged groups either dissolve into internecine competition or unite to challenge the status quo, highlighting the role of complex forms of social comparison, identification, contact, and third-party support for collective action. Binary conceptualizations of intergroup relations, we conclude, are the product of specific sociohistorical practices rather than a natural starting point for psychological research.

Postmodern Project of Philosophy: “Social” Or “Not Social”?

The article is devoted to the elaboration and formulation of a criterion for distinguishing between the modernist project of social philosophy, which is proposed to be called “social” and “non-social” within the framework of the article. Based on the work of such researchers as Tereshchenko N.A., Gasparyan D.E. and Karimov T.Kh. it is proposed to consider three characteristics of social relations as a criterion: the reflexive attitude of participants to existing social relations; negativity, orientation to the development and overcoming of the existing “state of affairs”, activity of participants; reductionism, the desire to single out a single foundation in society and interpret the entire variety of social facts as its manifestation. In modern society is understood as “social”: it is reflective, negative (develops) and has a foundation. Within the framework of postmodernism, society is understood as “non-social”: it is non-reflective, does not develop, and without foundation. The concept of everyday life of phenomenological sociology is considered as an example of the theory of “non-social”. It is also shown that the distinguished characteristics of “non-social” relate to many theoretical constructions in the field of social philosophy of the second half of the 20th century. And with the current question of the possibility of breaking the postmodern paradigm, when developing alternative programs for studying society (metamodern, post-postmodern, after-postmodern), these criteria should be taken into account.

ВПЛИВ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ МЕГАТРЕНДІВ НА РОЗВИТОК НАУКИ «ДЕРЖАВНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ»

The article reveals the essence and attempts classification of global megatrends of forward looking societal development. Their influence on social and economic development and the character of social relations is determined. The following challenges for the practice and science of «Public Administration» are identified: strengthening instability of the development of social and economic systems, the threat of environmental crises; difficulties in achieving the sustainable development; the need for transforming public administration into a real driver of the effectiveness of providing services, adaptive nature of managerial innovations; the need for diversion to digital development, etc.The statement on changing conceptual foundations of developing a new paradigm of public administration in conditions of increasing influence of global megatrends is disclosed in the article, and the essence of basic principles of the formation of science of «Public Administration» is substantiated, in particular: domination of paradigm of value as basis for the formation of a service state; change management priority; recognition as the main criterion of effectiveness in providing high-quality public services; enhancing the role of public servants in shaping the new model of public administration; the need to develop coherent strategies for sustainable management.It is proved that in the face of new challenges to the global environment, as well as real threats to fragile state of the domestic economy and society, it is impossible to develop a strategy and tactics for the development of public administration without taking into account the background to the formation of global megatrends, the peculiarities and nature of their course and influence on multilevel system of administrative relations. The conceptual foundations of the development of science of «Public Administration» are generalized and characterized, based on crucial changes in its paradigm under the new conditions of transformations in the Ukrainian society and government.