Technological Change Research Articles

Selection and Adoption of Water Purification Technologies in the Bottled Water Industry in India

Today, more than sixty per cent of the global bottled water manufacturing takes place in the countries of the global south. Despite being a low-tech sector, the industry is heavily influenced by the advancement and adoption of new water purification technologies and science-based regulations introduced by regulatory agencies. This paper examines the factors and mechanisms through which selection and adoption take place in this sector. The study draws upon firm-level surveys, expert interviews, ethnographic data, and select court cases and policy reports. We find that economic (firm’s size, firm’s age, and ownership structure) and socio-environmental factors (environmental subjectivities of major actors, regulatory (in-) capacity, role of supporting institutions) shape the pattern and combinations of technological adoption and technological changes at the firm level to meet the goals of “safety” and “quality”. However, the use of certain technologies are not devoid of serious environmental and public health concerns. The regulatory actors need to pay closer attention to the direct and indirect impacts of technology use on public health, the economy and the environment to make public policies more just and to meet sustainable development goals.

Religion and Growth

We use the elements of a macroeconomic production function—physical capital, human capital, labor, and technology—together with standard growth models to frame the role of religion in economic growth. Unifying a growing literature, we argue that religion can enhance or impinge upon economic growth through all four elements because it shapes individual preferences, societal norms, and institutions. Religion affects physical capital accumulation by influencing thrift and financial development. It affects human capital through both religious and secular education. It affects population and labor by influencing work effort, fertility, and the demographic transition. And it affects total factor productivity by constraining or unleashing technological change and through rituals, legal institutions, political economy, and conflict. Synthesizing a disjoint literature in this way opens many interesting directions for future research. (JEL E22, I25, J10, N30, O33, O43, Z12)

Designing a Skills Evolution Program: A Framework for Success

This article proposes a framework for developing an ongoing "Skills Evolution Program" to help organizations continuously upskill their workforce to keep pace with rapid technological change. The framework involves five key elements: 1) understanding employees' current skill levels and perspectives on change through skills surveys and focus groups; 2) building on employees' existing strengths and enabling skills transfers between adjacent fields; 3) co-creating the reskilling vision and program structure with employee input; 4) developing a flexible learning ecosystem with multiple self-paced and facilitated options; and 5) recognizing accomplishments both formal and informal to motivate ongoing learning. Additionally, the article stresses the importance of cultivating a growth mindset across the organization where skills development is seen as an ongoing journey rather than a single program or event. By systematically implementing this holistic, employee-centered approach, organizations can transform their culture into one of continuous learning.

Shaping innovation pathways: Metaverse application configurations in high-technology small- and medium-sized enterprises

The emergence of Industry 4.0, characterized by rapid technological change and fierce competition, challenges technology firms to make strategic innovation decisions. Central to this is the metaverse, a hybrid virtual space combining virtual reality, augmented reality, and the internet. Recognizing that the implications of metaverse applications extend beyond individual organizations, this research examines its adoption configurations. Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, we analyze survey data from 116 high-technology small and medium-sized enterprises in China using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Our research reveals that no isolated factor within the TAM-TOE framework solely affects innovation decision-making. Instead, we identify three configurations that enhance decision-making quality and three that increase its speed, leading to improved innovation performance. In this way, this research advances the understanding of technology adoption configurations in the innovation processes of young tech firms.

Future ecosystem business model tool: Design science and field test in the efuel ecosystem towards the sustainability transition

This paper presents a novel business model design tool called Future ecosystem business model (FEBM). The FEBM aims to address the lack of managerial tools linking business models, foresight, and ecosystem strategizing in the context of systemic technological changes, as those characterizing the sustainability transition in a multi-level perspective. The tool has been shaped through a design science approach building on a structured review of the literature. A field test was conducted through a case study to test the proposed tool. The empirical context was that of a publicly funded project in the field of electrofuels (efuels). The project foresaw the development and integration of several technologies, whose adoption was likely to have significant implications within and across industries. The proposed approach contributes to the literature on business model design in the context of technology-driven transformations characterized by high uncertainty and interdependence, such as those related to the sustainability transition. Strategy and innovation managers may find in the proposed FEBM tool an actionable approach to shape decision-making against far-reaching technological and societal challenges.

Social Inequality in the Age of AI: Implications for Labor, Wage Distribution, and Worker Power

This article critically examines the multifaceted impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on social stratification, situated within the broader historical context of automation-driven productivity advances. Drawing on empirical evidence and evolving theoretical frameworks, we elucidate the intricate dynamics of labor market transformation, skill obsolescence, and wage distribution in the nascent AI epoch. We employ a nuanced task-based approach to move beyond simplistic dichotomies of skill-biased technological change, offering a granular understanding of AI-induced labor market polarization. Our analysis reveals that AI is reshaping the contours of inequality through complex interactions of skill restructuring, wage decoupling from productivity, and shifts in worker bargaining power. We argue that the current trajectory of AI development may accelerate capital-biased technological change, potentially exacerbating existing inequalities. This article not only contributes to the scholarly discourse on technological unemployment and income inequality but also serves as a foundation for evidence-based policymaking in navigating the uncharted territories of human-AI interaction.

THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF IMPLEMENTING NET ZERO POLICIES IN KOREA: A COMBINED TOP-DOWN AND BOTTOM-UP APPROACH

The South Korean government aims to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Here, this study analyzed the economic efforts of the net-zero policy by integrating top-down and bottom-up models; The UNIfied Climate Options Nexus (UNICON) within this study aims to create a link between the 26 sectors from the bottom-up model and the 85 sectors of the top-down model. Positive mathematical programming methods were used to ensure consistency between the top-down and bottom-up models within the base year. The study found that the total reduction rate was slightly higher in the integrated model than in the computable general equilibrium (CGE) stand-alone model. In both models, the reduction rate increased when the carbon tax increased, but the marginal reduction rate was considerably lowered, and the reduction rate did not exceed 80% even with the high level of a carbon tax. The technological change of the linked industries in the integrated model showed that the steel industry had the highest emission reduction. When estimating costs for reducing GHGs, results can vary based on the technological changes under consideration.

MAQASID SHARIAH-BASED DIGITAL ECONOMY MODEL: INTEGRATION, SUSTAINABILITY AND TRANSFORMATION

This research examines the integration of digital economic models within pesantren (Islamic traditional educational institutions) in East Java, Indonesia, with a particular focus on institutions such as Sidogiri, Al-Yasini, and Sintesa. The research examines how these pesantren reconcile digital progress with Maqāsid Shariah principles, balancing the modernization of economic and educational practices with the preservation of Islamic values. Qualitative methods, such as interviews and focus group discussions, are used to capture the transformative journey of these pesantren toward a digital economy. The study highlights how digital technology is being strategically implemented to improve educational outcomes, operational efficiency, and economic growth while adhering to the core aspects of Maqāsid Shariah the protection of faith, life, intellect, offspring, and property. The research highlights the strategic implementation of digital technologies in pesantren, addressing challenges like technical proficiency and cultural integration. The study underscores the strategic importance of digital integration in Islamic educational institutions for socio-economic and cultural advancement in the digital era. This paper provides important insights into the sustainable adaptation of digital models in pesantren by highlighting the importance of Maqāsid Shariah in guiding these institutions through technological change. This research is essential for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders by providing a nuanced understanding of the intersection between Islamic values and digital innovation in the pesantren sector.

Analysis of User Experience of the CapCut Application in Generation Z for Social Media Content Using the User Experience Questionnaire Method

Purpose: In the midst of these dynamics of change, research, development and application of technology continues to be the main focus in efforts to achieve progress and efficiency in various sectors of life. Generation Z has been the primary architect of cultural and behavioral change on social media. One of the most prominent characteristics of Generation Z is their desire to create "viral" content on social media. Content created using CapCut often uses interesting video and audio effects, such as progress effects, dry effects, music effects, and so on. This application has various features that make it easier for users to create video content, such as video effects, audio and animation. This shows that generation Z tends to use the CapCut application to create and edit video content that they share on social media. This research was conducted based on a phenomenon that has recently occurred, where many generations Z want to create content on social media using the CapCut application and also from several previous studies that have been conducted which are still lacking in understanding CapCup user satisfaction as a medium for creating content for Generation Z. and from several interviews the author conducted with CapCut application users. Method: This research uses the user experience questionnaire (UEQ) method with six (6) variables, namely attractiveness, efficiency, clarity, dependability, stimulation and novelty. Dr. Martin Schrepp developed a special tool that can be used to analyze UEQ questionnaire results, namely the UEQ Data Analysis Tool. The UEQ Data Analysis Tool is in the form of an Excel application which can be obtained by downloading it directly from the official https://www.ueq-online.org/ website This study employs a quantitative research strategy. This study does not know the exact number of the population to be studied. So, the sample size was calculated using the Lemeshow formula, a survey was conducted on 96 users of the Capcut application. Result: Based on the results of the discussion regarding user experience, specifically Generation Z, in the CapCut Application using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) method, conclusions can be drawn from the 6 variables in the UEQ used, the 6 variables obtained positive evaluation values, namely the Attractiveness (mean 1.177), Perspicuity variables. (mean 1.109), Efficiency (mean 1.109), Dependability (mean 1.159), Stimulation (mean 1.151) and Novelty (mean 0.763) with the highest evaluation value on the Attractiveness variable. 2. Based on the benchmark results, the values obtained for the Attractiveness variable were 1.18, Perspicuity 1.11, Efficiency 1.11, Dependability 1.16, Stimulation 1.15, and Novelty 0.76. Each variable gets an Above Average value (above the average). However, there is still potential for improvement to achieve standards of perfection desired. Users provided invaluable feedback and suggestions, highlighting the need for improvement. Novelty: This research provides 2 recommendations based on the results of evaluations using UEQ, which are expected to help in improving and improving the quality of the CapCut Application in the future.

디자인 액티비즘 교육 모델 설계 연구 - 캡스톤디자인 교과의 ‘DA+R DA+B 프로젝트’를 중심으로

In the field of design, in response to changes in social demand, industrial structure, and technology, the importance of Capscon design is increasing to present solutions to discover and solve various problems based on essential thinking and design rather than just visual or formative expressions of the past. has come to the fore. This study elaborated the design of the PBL model in the capstone design course of the Department of Design and redefined it as a new project based on the design activism education model of the essential behavior of design to induce and improve changes in the perspective of SDGs such as society, environment, and economy. and designed it. The purpose of this educational model is to derive and perform the process of designers independently discovering and solving current problems as a practical methodology and social activity. This study deals with the design and guidance methodology of the DA+R DA+B project, an independent educational model developed by combining the concepts and types of design activism based on the Capstone Design subject of the Department of Design, which has been in progress since 2021. In addition, through a survey on the elements necessary to achieve the goals of this educational model, the learning environment, and practical guidelines, we conducted verification and analysis of how learners carry out projects and produce results over the course. Through this model, we aim to present design education and research methodology based on creative problem solving that can respond to social changes and demands.

A Review of the Impacts of Industrial Revolutions in World History

The late 18th and early 19th centuries were undoubtedly the most significant periods of technological advancements and social transformations in human history. The Industrial Revolution began in Europe and England, during which society transformed from a traditional agrarian society to a modern industrialized society. Key developments include technological innovations such as steam engines and textile machinery, which added momentum to this important transformation by increasing efficiency in factory production and changing production processes. This study examines significant developments, including the origins of the Industrial Revolution and its impact on modern society. It mainly focuses on technological innovation and change during the Industrial Revolution, including economic transformation and social change. This paper analyzes historical literature to explain how these changes laid the foundation for modern industrial society and how these findings explain the connection between technological progress, economic transformation, and social transformation, providing valuable insights for the development of industrial practice. It concludes that the legacy of the Industrial Revolution continues to influence current industrial policies and practices, emphasizing the importance of innovation, economic adaptability, and social responsibility in stimulating sustainable industrial growth.

The Role of Servant Leadership and Self-Efficacy in Adaptive Performance

Technological change is an opportunity to develop yourself and work better. The aim of this research is to determine the role of Servant Leadership and Self Efficacy on Adaptive Performance. It is hoped that this research can provide valuable insight for organizations in managing employee adaptation to technology and changes in their work in this ever-evolving era. The sampling method was purposive sampling by distributing questionnaires online to 105 respondents and using the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis method. The research results prove that Servant Leadership has a positive and significant effect on Adaptive Performance, Self Efficacy has a positive and significant effect on Adaptive Performance, Servant Leadership has a positive and significant effect on Self Efficacy and there is a positive and significant effect between Self Efficacy moderating the relationship between Servant Leadership and Adaptive Performance. Keywords: Servant Leadership, Self Efficacy and Adaptive Performance

The Limits of Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology: Archaeological Witnesses and Ethnographical Data Among the Bakola-Bagyeli “Pygmies” (South Cameroon)

The reading of the transformations recorded in the material equipment of disappeared societies still remains largely inspired by the dogma of materialism. This inclines inferences, in archaeology, to systematically deduce evolutionary stages on a double level, chronological and economic, from the material remains of technological changes only. However, the unpredictable experience of human societies can often reveal situations that contradict the established inferential model. Such a reality therefore poses the problem of searching for an approach capable of achieving balance in the possible equation between the experience of human societies and the methodological means implemented to account for it. The question therefore remains to know whether data collected and explained in a methodological approach specific to a discipline always reproduce the improbable nature of the reality of human societies, both living and extinct? Thus, ethnographic, qualitative data and archaeological facts are do they still agree regarding the current experience of life of the Bakola-Bayéli “Pygmies” of South Cameroon, since the 1990s? The hypothesis supports: data collected according to the orthodoxy of techniques specific to dissociated disciplinary fields, in a conventional manner, can contradict each other on the same fact. The complexity of the reality of human societies escapes the specific filter of conceptual and methodological practices characteristic of the disciplines that separate techniques specific to each method. The archaeological witnesses, taken from surveys carried out on the sites where the Bakola-Bagyéli “Pygmies” live, contradict the oral testimonies, given by these same populations through interviews, directive and semi-directive, guided by a questionnaire. A comparative study of qualitative and quantitative data makes it possible to verify the hypotheses put forward. The theoretical approach acquired to the cause of disorganization and opposed to the terminism of ends makes it possible to discuss the a priori organization of cultural facts and the accomplishment of reserved goals.

Implementation of Effective Sports Human Resource Management Policies in Improving the Performance of Sports Organizations in the Society 5.0 Era

Current advances have created very tight competition among Central Java Petanque sports organizations, encouraging the need for extraordinary performance to support national sporting achievements. The change from the previous era to the Society 5.0 Era reflects significant evolution in the industrial revolution, technological progress and social change. In the Era of Society 5.0, the role of the Central Java Petanque sports organization is increasingly important in responding to the dynamics of social and technological change. Human resource management in the Central Java Petanque sports organization faces various challenges, such as the diversity of team members involving differences in culture, language and work styles. Therefore, implementing human resource management policies that focus on sports is very important to compete at the global level, improve sports performance, and support the achievement of national goals in Indonesia's sports achievements. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The research results show that its application will face dynamics and challenges regarding limited sports human resources, cultural and value differences, and dynamic flexibility. Therefore, alternative solutions are needed to deal with various problems, such as automation in increasing awareness about the value of various crocodiles, automation that leads to digitalization, as well as developing programs for the involvement of all human resources in sports

The reflections of e-learning from a sociological perspective

E-learning has gained considerable importance in the fields of education and teaching. This is because E-learning or distance learning brings direct replacement or is complementary to on-campus educational institutions especially in the cases of emergencies that cause disruption of face-to-face learning in schools. The aim of this research is to present the reflections of e-learning on university students, to present the philosophy of e-learning, the reasons and justifications and types of e-learning, the method is descriptive. Although this type of learning has a long history in some of the neighboring countries of Iraq and in the world, it is a relatively recent mean of learning in the Kurdistan region. This is due to the rapid and continuous changes in technology in the world which has been of paramount concern to researchers. In order to present and analyze the reflections resulting from these changes, the field of education has considered how these changes affect society. In today’ world, education is one of the most important factors to make progress in societies. According to the scientists in the field of education, these findings and the new advents of present-day technology have positively affected almost all the institutions in the society.

Transformation from Data Management to Data Science Enabled Organization - Where Are We Heading?

We, just like the catalogue companies, are facing technological changes that clearly provide an opportunity. To efficiently accelerate pipeline delivery with high quality data, we believe we must develop a standardized data acquisition strategy with AI/ML-driven quality checking and advanced data analytics. This is very exciting chance for us to improve our performance by leveraging our rapidly advancing science and technology. However, we are seeing risks to our benefitting from these new technological advancements because of our own old routines, processes, and preconceptions. Are we progressing at a pace? In this article we will look deep into the soul of our organization to define where we want to go, identify the anchors, and try to figure out how to break loose from them.

Проблемы формирования общечеловеческих ценностей в профессиональном самосознании обучающихся ведомственных вузов системы МВД России

The formation of values in the professional self-awareness of students is a key aspect of the educational process in the modern world characterized by rapid social and technological changes. In the professional context, values play the role of a reference point guiding the behavior of a specialist in various situations, including ethical dilemmas and professional challenges. They not only determine the motivation and behavior of future police officers, but also influence the attitude of cadets to professional activities. This study analyzes the problems of formation of universal human values in professional self-awareness of students of departmental universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, based on the test of Milton Rokeach, an analysis of value orientations among graduates of the Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is carried out. The author emphasizes the importance of forming value orientations as the basis of a professional “self-concept” and a key element in the structure of professional self-awareness of future police officers.

Changing ways to learn seamanship in Europe circa 1600–1920: Books, institutions and sociopolitical contexts

Seamanship is the art of handling and manoeuvring a ship. For centuries, seamanship skills were transmitted not in writing, but by hands-on instruction on board. However, between circa 1600 and 1920, this ‘tacit’ knowledge was increasingly made ‘explicit’ in printed literature. Why did this happen? To answer this question, this article analyses dozens of books on seamanship produced in Britain, France, Spain, the Netherlands and Italy. It discusses the different genres, the background of the authors and the intended reading publics. It shows that the transformation occurred almost simultaneously across Europe and that it was not triggered by technological change. The article argues that the explanation instead can be found in the rise of new institutions for the education and selection of seamen, which was linked with the growing aspirations of states and other organizations to gain more control over the quality of the personnel needed to man their ships.

Evaluating the Impact of Behavioral Stress on Employee Productivity and Innovation in the Higher Education Sector of Pakistan

This research examines the effect of behavioral stress on employees’ performance and innovativeness in the higher education Industry of Pakistan. This involves forces put on the employees from personal or organizational factors which place psychological and emotional strains on them. In HEIs, these pressures are further compounded by workload, management pressure and expectations, role clarity and identity confusion, and fast technological changes that characterize the sector that could impact on individual and contextual productivity. The proposed research also follows a mixed-methods approach aimed at identifying the correlation between behavioral stress with productivity and innovation of the employees. Using a questionnaire, quantitative data were obtained from academic as well as administrative staff drawn from different universities in Pakistan regarding their stress level, job performance, and innovation capability. More open-ended interviews were conducted to establish which of these causes of stress impinges on the employees’ performance of their creative roles and output. These findings revealed the negative relationship between behavioral stress and averagely poor productivity of the employees since the high levels of stress affected efficiency, job interest, and performance of the employees. Another area, which promote creativity, open-mindedness and freedom, failed as stressed workers said that they had lower probability to experiment or introduce new ideas. Other organizational characteristics like lack of support from managers, role ambiguity and also scarcity of resources compounded the stress level of the employees and thereby limiting their productivity and innovation. But the employees who had positive leadership styles and good organizational climate experienced less stress and worked better in terms of performance and innovation. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that one of the constructs; behavior stress is a key factor that degrades both, productivity and innovation in higher education sector of Pakistan. To overcome this, institutions should come up with supportive policies that will enhance work life balance, communications and counseling services. Therefore, by dealing with stress organizers and self-organizers, higher education institutions can create the best working environment that will be healthy, innovative and productive.

THE REALITY OF ALGERIAN TRADITIONAL BANKS IN LIGHT OF THE ACCELERATION OF FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY

Objective: This research aims to understand the reality of how Algerian banks operate in light of the rapid advancement of financial technology and the extent to which they have embraced the new trend based on financial technology, or what is known as "FINTECH," in payment systems, lending, and even investment. Theoretical Framework: Fintech has reached advanced stages, and traditional Algerian banks need to change the outdated conventional style they've been using due to technological changes in order to improve financial services. Method: In order to answer the questions asked and to take note of the various aspects of the subject, and to test the validity of the previously mentioned hypotheses, the analytical descriptive approach was relied upon to cover the theoretical aspect and to usestatistical side for analyzing the data and information included in the study. Results and Discussion: The study concluded that adopting financial technology is among the most important activities in the financial and banking system in Algeria, despite the limited range of financial services and products offered through its financial channels, which are still in their early stages. It has become essential to encourage digital banks and support institutions active in payment and financial services, which will have a positive impact on financial technologies as well as the banking system. Research Implications: This study identified the main obstacles that have prevented financial technology in the Algerian banking system from reaching advanced levels, along with the significant efforts made by the state to enhance Algerian banking services. Originality/Value: This study aims to highlight the banking sector in Algeria and its ability to keep up with the developments occurring in the field of financial technology.evidenced by [explain how the results may impact the area of study or professional practice].