Changes In External Environment Research Articles

Development of performance indicators for sustainable enterprises

The sustainable development of industrial enterprises presupposes a qualitatively new investment level aimed at the transition to the cleanest, least resourceintensive and most waste-free production possible through a continuous process of innovation and investment projects implementation. At the same time, the current conditions for real investment are generally associated with increasing uncertainty (in particular, due to globalisation and progressive technical development), and therefore are accompanied by a high risk level, which certainly affects the ongoing projects results. The purpose of this study is to develop indicators for assessing the enterprises effectiveness, taking into account the changing external environment, the processes of transition to sustainable development of the economy. The methods of analysis, synthesis and generalisation have been applyed. The results can serve as a justification for the widely used today in practice and in economic science, but insufficiently substantiated position that in market conditions the economic efficiency of an income-generating object can be assessed by its market value. The asset owner is always interested in increasing the market value, therefore, it is generally accepted that an increase in the market value over a certain period is also an indicator of the economic efficiency of the object use by the owner, and vice versa, a decrease in the market value of a facility indicates the presence of factors impeding effective operations.

New management requirements in an accelerating changing external environment

The article examines the impact of scientific and technological progress and changes in politics and economics on management in organisation. The effectiveness of contemporary governance systems can be assessed using well-known criteria: average gain; a cautious observer (Wald’s criterion); Laplace criterion; maximax et al. The use of the VUCA-world philosophy has predetermined the search for a solution to the problem of developing new requirements for the knowledge and skills of managers and specialists in the organisation, the availability and formation of competences. In line with the aim of the work – to find new approaches and requirements for management decision-making and organisation management – new requirements for assessing the changing environment, the business response to these changes, and new aspects of managerial and personnel behaviour in organisations have been identified. It has been revealed that in business training it is necessary to pay more attention to the formation of the desire for self-improvement and the development of the ability to overcome difficult situations, to divide goals into subgoals, tasks into stages. The methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction have been used. Applying the results of the study in practice will improve the management of contemporary organisations.

Ecosystem carbon use efficiency in ecologically vulnerable areas in China: Variation and influencing factors.

Ecologically vulnerable areas (EVAs) are regions with ecosystems that are fragile and vulnerable to degradation under external disturbances, e.g., environmental changes and human activities. A comprehensive understanding of the climate change characteristics of EVAs in China is of great guiding significance for ecological protection and economic development. The ecosystem carbon use efficiency (CUEe) can be defined as the ratio of the net ecosystem productivity (NEP) to gross primary productivity (GPP), one of the most important ecological indicators of ecosystems, representing the capacity for carbon transfer from the atmosphere to a potential ecosystem carbon sink. Understanding the variation in the CUEe and its controlling factors is paramount for regional carbon budget evaluation. Although many CUEe studies have been performed, the spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of the CUEe are still unclear, especially in EVAs in China. In this study, we synthesized 55 field measurements (3 forestland sites, 37 grassland sites, 6 cropland sites, 9 wetland sites) of the CUEe to examine its variation and influencing factors in EVAs in China. The results showed that the CUEe in EVAs in China ranged from -0.39 to 0.67 with a mean value of 0.20. There were no significant differences in the CUEe among different vegetation types, but there were significant differences in CUEe among the different EVAs (agro-pastoral ecotones < Tibetan Plateau < arid and semiarid areas < Loess Plateau). The CUEe first decreased and then increased with increasing mean annual temperature (MAT), soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC) and decreased with increasing mean annual precipitation (MAP). The most important factors affecting the CUEe were biotic factors (NEP, GPP, and leaf area index (LAI)). Biotic factors directly affected the CUEe, while climate (MAT and MAP) and soil factors (soil pH and SOC) exerted indirect effects. The results illustrated the comprehensive effect of environmental factors and ecosystem attributes on CUEe variation, which is of great value for the evaluation of regional ecosystem functions.

Research on ultrasonic cleaning power frequency tracking technology based on fuzzy adaptive PID

Ultrasonic cleaning technology has been used to a certain extent in home, but the resonant frequency of the ultrasonic transducer shift with the change of temperature and external environment, eventually leading to ultrasonic transducer work in a non-resonant state, resulting in lower power output. The amplitude of the transducer decreases, which affects the cleaning effect. In view of the above problems, a frequency tracking design scheme based on the fuzzy adaptive PID is proposed, which aims automatically track the ultrasonic cleaning power supply. In this scheme, the current - phase difference composite tracking method is selected, which improves the tracking speed and accuracy under the condition of ensuring that the optimal resonance point can be tracked. The static model and dynamic characteristics of the transducer are also analyzed to derive the design of matching circuit, which enables the transducer to get the maximum power input. The feasibility and high efficiency of the design scheme are demonstrated by LT-spice and MATLAB simulation experiments, which provide a reference for the practical application of ultrasonic cleaning devices.

Adaptive IR- and Water-Gating Textiles Based on Shape Memory Fibers.

Thermoregulation is an essential function of the human body for adapting to the surrounding temperature. Stimuli-responsive smart textiles can provide effective protection of the human skin temperature from a continuously changing environment. Herein, we develop a smart textile based on shape memory polymer (SMP) fibers for adaptive regulation of IR and water transmission on human skin. An SMP textile is fabricated with hierarchical micro/nanoporous structures to enhance thermal insulation performance, and silver nanowires are coated on one side to provide asymmetric IR reflectivity and hydrophilicity. The porous SMP textile shows great tunability of thermal insulation and asymmetric wettability by deformation and recovery of the shape and structure in response to stimuli. The degree of thermal insulation is controlled by 65.7% of the original value, and the surface temperature of the SMP textile on a hot plate is successfully controlled in the IR images due to adaptive IR reflectivity. Additionally, the directional transportation of water droplets can be switched on/off according to the shape of the SMP textiles, which can be employed for sweat removal from the human skin. This IR- and water-gating smart textile can provide a feasible strategy for protecting the human skin from external environmental changes.

Familial Factors Influencing Creativity among Married Employees of Financial Technology Organisations in Cotonou: Mediatory Role of Proness to Divorce

bstract In the face of a complex and changing external environment, employee creativity has evolved into the driving force and core competitive capability required for most organizations to thrive in their enterprise. Most studies conducted on employees’ creativity were mainly from the perspective of organizational factors rather than personal factors. Therefore, this study investigated the prediction of employee’s creativity from familial factors (commitment to marriage, marital satisfaction, familism, and religiosity) and how proneness to divorce could mediate the strength of this relationship among married employees in FinTech organisations in Cotonou, Benin Republic. The study was cross-sectional in approach that adopted the ex-post facto design, in which a questionnaire measuring social-demographic variables, marital commitment, marital satisfaction, familism, proneness to divorce, religiosity and creativity was administered to 190 consenting married employees in FinTech, using convenience sampling technique. Pearson product moment correlation, multiple regression, and t-test for independent samples were used to test the hypotheses at p&lt;.01. The participants’ ages ranged from 26 to 63 years old, with a Mage of 36±5.47 years. Results obtained revealed employees’ creativity has a significant positive relationship with marital commitment (r=0.437, p&lt;0.01) but a significant inverse relationship with divorce proneness (r=- 0.706, p&lt;0.01), marital satisfaction (r=-0.257, p&lt;0.01), religiosity (r=-0.561, p&lt;0.01). Further analysis revealed that all predictor variables (commitment to marriage, familism, marital satisfaction, &amp; religiosity) significantly related to creativity among married employees. Meaning that the extents of correlations between commitment to marriage, familism, marital satisfaction, religiosity and creativity were significantly lowered by the inclusion of proneness to divorce as a mediator. The results of this study, which show the significance of proneness to divorce in tying familial variables and workplace outcomes, give a framework for understanding how familial factors contribute to diversity in degrees of creativity for organizational efficiency

Assessment of the Impact of Airlines External Environmental Factors on the Probability of Bankruptcy Risks in the Context of the COVID-19

The paper analyses which external environmental factors had the greatest impact on the probability of airline bankruptcy risk in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. In view of the strengths and weaknesses of the models selected and presented, the Altman Z 'score model was chosen for the study. It has been modified by recalculating the coefficients for the model's weighted indicators. The investigation included environmental macroeconomic statistics and financial data of 49 airlines in the airline sector over the span of ten years (2011-2021). The correlation method has identified the severity of external factors in connection with bankruptcy risks during the pre-pandemic and pandemic timeframe and has established a correlation between fluctuations in the risk of bankruptcy of the airline sector and environmental factors. Based on the results obtained, conclusions were drawn on the link between external environmental factors and changes in the sector’s bankruptcy risk score in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the comparative analysis method showed that the influence of environmental factors analysed in Europe, North America, South America, and Oceania differs due to the predominance of business culture in the region. Overall, however, legal factors had the biggest negative impact on the sector before the COVID-19 pandemic (2011-2018), while other factors (passengers, competitors, labour force, and creditors) were weakly correlated with the likelihood of bankruptcy risk. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the most positive relationship between creditors intensified.

THE BASES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A STRATEGIC MARKETING TOOLKIT FOR AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

Nowadays marketing plays an important role in the business activity of an enterprise. Modern changes of external environment induce enterprises to search for new ways of development and introduction of new marketing strategies. Marketing tools help the enterprise to carry out market analysis, customer attraction, sales, etc., all of which are crucial factors for the enterprise’s success in the market. However, there are many different methodologies and tools in modern marketing management theory and practice, making it difficult to determine the development position for an enterprise and choose the appropriate strategic tools for its implementation due to incessant changes.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of MIKCC genes in rose provide insight into their effects on flower development.

The MIKCC-type gene family plays important roles in plant growth, development, and tolerance of biotic and abiotic stress, especially during floral organ differentiation. However, there have been no studies of MIKCC-type genes in rose, and functional differentiation of family members has not been explored. In this study, we identified 42 MIKCC-type genes in rose, classified the genes into 12 subfamilies, and constructed a phylogenetic tree. We performed expression analysis of these genes, and found that expression patterns correlated with the predicted subfamily, indicating that the features of MIKCC-type genes were broadly conserved during evolution. Collinear analysis of MIKCC genes among Rosaceae species confirmed the occurrence of whole genome duplications (WGD) and revealed some species-specific MIKCC genes. Transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of some MIKCC-type genes responded to low temperatures (4°C, 24 h) during flower organ differentiation. These conserved, duplicated, and novel expression patterns of MIKCC-type genes may have facilitated the adaptation of rose to various internal and external environmental changes. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for future functional analysis of the MIKCC genes in rose and investigation of the evolutionary pattern of the MIKCC gene family in the Rosaceae genome.

Analysis of Organizational Behavioural Issues and Challenges at Procter &amp; Gamble

Organisations today are confronted with rapid internal and external environmental changes that have a substantial impact on organizational structure, employment relationships, and corporate performance levels. Not only does this scenario increase the external environment’s uncertainty and difficulty, but it also affects how individuals of an organization interact with one another. To preserve corporate and social sustainability, the changing business environment caused by globalization and technology improvements necessitates a larger variety of workforce composition, flexibility, and agility of an organization, as well as an increase in complexity and capabilities. Using Procter &amp; Gamble (P&amp;G) as an example, this article analyses organisational behavioural concerns and challenges impacting the management of people, groups, and structures in order to increase organisational performance.

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of liquid-solid coupling and rubbing on drill string

Natural deposit of natural gas hydrate (NGH) exists in the colder regions on the earth, which is an unconventional energy and has great potential. About 97% of the NGH is located in the offshore and only 3% is located on the land. Due to its sensitivity to the external environment and easy decomposition, it is necessary to suppress the external environment changes caused by the complex vibration of the drill string during its exploitation. In this paper, the fluid-solid coupling nonlinear vibration of drill string is studied. The nonlinear dynamic model of drill string with drilling fluid is established. The relationship between variable parameters of drill string and complex dynamics of drill string is analyzed. Furthermore, the bifurcation diagram is given. The results have certain significance for discussing the non-linear dynamic mechanism of drill string under complex conditions and reasonably selecting the drilling process parameters of NGH.

Immune function modulation during artificial ovarian maturation in Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica): A transcriptome profiling approach

The Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) experiences dramatic internal and external environmental changes during its transoceanic reproductive migrations. Here, we assess immune function changes in the primary and secondary immune organs (head kidney and spleen) of A. japonica during artificial ovarian maturation at the previtellogenic (PV), midvitellogenic (MV), and ovulating (OV) stages by transcriptome analyses. Stress responses were also assessed by determining the serum concentrations of lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase. Our results showed that together with increased serum 17β-estrogen and testosterone, lysozyme activity and antioxidant capacity were suppressed during artificial ovarian maturation. Comparisons across these developmental stages identified 60 (head kidney) and 36 (spleen) differentially expressed genes associated with the immune system. Genes related to the key activation markers of innate immune function, such as CXCL10, CXCL11, CCL20, HSP90B, MMP9, and MMP13, were upregulated and significantly enriched in the interleukin-17 signaling pathway. Adaptive immune function-related genes (IGM and MHC1) were upregulated in the head kidney from PV to MV, and their levels increased thereafter in the spleen. Moreover, a correlation between Pax5 expression and IGM expression in the spleen of MV (IGM+/Pax5+) and OV (IGM++/Pax5−) stage suggests that adaptive immune function was enhanced during ovarian maturation. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to describe transcriptome profiling of immune organs during ovarian maturation in teleost. Our findings suggest that the interleukin-17 pathway and IgM may play important roles in spawning.

Improved Classification Approach for Fruits and Vegetables Freshness Based on Deep Learning.

Classification of fruit and vegetable freshness plays an essential role in the food industry. Freshness is a fundamental measure of fruit and vegetable quality that directly affects the physical health and purchasing motivation of consumers. In addition, it is a significant determinant of market price; thus, it is imperative to study the freshness of fruits and vegetables. Owing to similarities in color, texture, and external environmental changes, such as shadows, lighting, and complex backgrounds, the automatic recognition and classification of fruits and vegetables using machine vision is challenging. This study presents a deep-learning system for multiclass fruit and vegetable categorization based on an improved YOLOv4 model that first recognizes the object type in an image before classifying it into one of two categories: fresh or rotten. The proposed system involves the development of an optimized YOLOv4 model, creating an image dataset of fruits and vegetables, data argumentation, and performance evaluation. Furthermore, the backbone of the proposed model was enhanced using the Mish activation function for more precise and rapid detection. Compared with the previous YOLO series, a complete experimental evaluation of the proposed method can obtain a higher average precision than the original YOLOv4 and YOLOv3 with 50.4%, 49.3%, and 41.7%, respectively. The proposed system has outstanding prospects for the construction of an autonomous and real-time fruit and vegetable classification system for the food industry and marketplaces and can also help visually impaired people to choose fresh food and avoid food poisoning.

A fiber sensor for different curvature measurement based on nano-erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber cascade structure as both source and sensor

A fiber sensing system based on Nano-Erbium-Ytterbium co-doped fiber (Nano-EYDF) is proposed and demonstrated, where it works as both source and sensor. Especially, a fiber curvature sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer is fabricated in a Nano-EYDF, which is a cascaded structure composed of single-mode fiber (SMF), Nano-EYDF and SMF. Based on the principle of evanescent wave coupling, the light transmitted in the SMF core can be coupled into the Nano-EYDF cladding. Therefore, the Nano-EYDF core mode and cladding mode that satisfy the phase matching conditions can couple evanescent waves to form a double-beam interference. When the external environment changes, the interference spectrum will change, so the curvature sensing can be realized by observing the wavelength shift. The experimental results show when the length of the Nano-EYDF is 20 mm and 25 mm, the transmission spectrum of the sensor appears blue shift in the downforce curvature range of 0–1.76 m−1, and the curvature sensitivity is −9.763 nm/m−1 and −12.787 nm/m−1 respectively. In the propulsion curvature range of 0–0.94 m−1, the transmission spectrum exhibits blue shift, and the curvature sensitivity can be up to −9.261 nm/m−1 and −9.411 nm/m−1, respectively. The sensor is easily fabricated and has high sensitivity, and demonstrates good application prospects in curvature measurement fields such as 3D shape reconstruction and geological monitoring.

An Empirical Study on Stress Modalities in IT Sector with Special Reference to COVID 19

This paper majorly signifies in handling of stress of an individual more emphasized on their cognition mishandled due to external environmental changes and relative compulsive forces acting especially in the context of COVID “19 who are Working from Home rather than working from MNC’s. In addition, it describes how to handle invidually to get motivated for generating the effective outcomes as on whole productively helpful for an organization. The employees working in different organizations have to deal with the stress. Especially IT professionals are under a great deal of stress due to many reasons. The stress contributes to decreased organizational performance, decreased employee overall performance, decreased quality of work, high attrition rate. Right at this point of time there is no way out to make the industry stress free. With increasing application of technology and new age facilities this kind of pressure is bound to increase. So, the sector has decided to face the problem rather than avoid it. Thus, this paper emphasis on the comparative study of stress impact on their performance work from Home and MNC’s Environment Due to COVID “19.

Predicting greenhouse daily light integral using photosynthetic photon flux density and finite difference method

In the state-of-the-art agricultural technology using greenhouses, it is useful to estimate a dynamic model of internal environmental changes according to external environmental changes. In this article, we propose a method to predict the change in the daily light integral inside the greenhouse according to the change in the daily light integral outside the greenhouse. Since daily light integral corresponds to the integral value of photosynthetic photon flux density, it is necessary to obtain a model of change in photosynthetic photon flux density inside the greenhouse according to the change in photosynthetic photon flux density outside the greenhouse to improve the prediction accuracy. The greenhouse was considered a nonlinear first-order system with a time lag for the photosynthetic photon flux density, and the system parameters were identified using the recursive least-squares method. Here, the photosynthetic photon flux density data measured outside the greenhouse is used as the input to the system, and the photosynthetic photon flux density data measured inside the greenhouse is used as the output of the system. Next, we obtain the daily light integral prediction model. The daily light integral prediction model is estimated from the photosynthetic photon flux density model using the finite difference method. The performance of the proposed method has been evaluated through extensive experimental studies. In Korea, since the weather changes in summer and winter are great, it must compare the daily light integral prediction performance in summer and winter to more accurately verify the proposed method. In this study, the experimental results are presented, respectively, for summer in August 2021 and winter in January 2022. The error performance of the human empirical prediction method and the proposed data-driven prediction method are compared for two seasons, and the robustness of the rapid weather changes of the proposed method is discussed.

Research on Determining Resource Utilization Rates of Regional Construction and Demolition Waste from the Perspective of Collaborative Governance

How to achieve diversified and cooperative management of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) has always been a difficult problem for the government and the public. To achieve collaborative governance, it is necessary to coordinate the conflicting interests among multiple subjects and reasonably determine the collaborative goals. This study aims to illustrate the necessity and feasibility of collaborative governance, determine the phased resource utilization rate target from the perspective of balance of interests, and design a dynamic adjustment mechanism for local government's collaborative governance target, regional C&DW resource utilization rate and rewards and punishments from a quantitative perspective. From the perspective of maximizing social benefits and balancing the interests shared by three stakeholders: construction and demolition enterprises, waste resource treatment enterprises and the government, the system dynamics (SD) and multi-objective planning (MOP) coupling model (SD-MOP) are constructed. The MOP model is used to solve the optimal solution that satisfactory to all parties, and the SD model simulates the internal and external environmental changes of the C&DW management system under the optimal solution to provide dynamic parameters for the MOP model. This paper takes Jiangbei New Area in Nanjing, China as an example to verify the validity of the proposed SD-MOP model. The calculation results show that the three stakeholders with relevant interests can achieve a win-win situation by integrating resources and optimizing resource allocation, while promoting the goal of collaborative governance, that is, improving the utilization rate of C&DW resource utilization. In addition, the model also gives the specific time for the establishment and realization of the phased target of resource utilization in Nanjing Jiangbei New Area, with resource utilization rate targets of 75%, 79% and 84% in 2024, 2029 and 2036, respectively.

Strategic aspects of personnel management in media organizations under modern conditions with allowance for the factor of economic security

Aim.The presented study aims to investigate the features of strategic personnel management in media organizations in the context of weakening economic security at all levels of the Russian economy caused by the ongoing sanctions confrontation between Russia and the ‘collective West’.Tasks.The authors explore the essence of strategic personnel management in a media organization; analyze the types of human resources strategies and identify specific features of their implementation; conduct a PEST analysis of Russian media organizations and assess the impact of new political and economic factors on personnel management in them.Methods.This study uses the methods of generalization, graphical data interpretation, strategic and situational analysis, and expert assessments.Results.Due to the aggravation of the sanctions confrontation with the ‘collective West’, the external environment of Russian business organizations has changed recently. These changes are industry specific. For example, in the media industry, the impact of changes in the external environment is most clearly manifested in personnel management processes. In this regard, human resources strategies of media organizations need to be updated, revised, and transformed into combined strategies that would make allowance for the specific features of a particular organization and its personnel. It is established that the decisive factor for successfully changing the human resources strategy of a media organization is its internal ability to change quickly under the influence of surrounding events and circumstances without sacrificing management efficiency. The described approach makes it possible to ensure the economic security of a media organization.Conclusions.The potential decrease in employee loyalty and efficiency associated with concerns about wages and loss of income sources in the changing business environment can be compensated by actively involving employees in the assessment of the current situation and development of operational management measures. Due to the dynamic ongoing changes in the macro environment, the traditional office environment is being replaced by other forms of work that companies consider acceptable. This will not only improve the physical safety and psychological health of creative media personnel, but will also make it possible to promptly inform clients of news portals and television channels, quickly respond to provocations from opponents on social media, maintain equipment in working order on a 24-hour basis, etc. Managers of media organizations should cultivate the skill of managerial influence. Managerial skills developed by department heads as well as employees create an efficient working environment and form a sense of belonging among employees. The changing external environment makes it necessary to improve the strategy and personnel policy of the media organization by introducing a personalized approach to personnel management. Bearing in mind the rapid technological development of the media industry, retraining and advanced training of employees remains an important strategic aspect of human capital development in a media organization. This aspect requires increased attention from managers.

건강정보이해능력 향상을 위한 전 사회적 접근 정책 동향과 시사점

Objectives: The aim of this study is to introduce an approach for building a health-literate society beyond the individual and organizational level and review the role of policy decision makers as factors influencing a society. Methods: This study was conducted by reviewing the literature on health literacy published after 2000. ‘Health literacy’, ‘system or society’, ‘leadership’, and ‘policy maker’ were used as search terms. Results: For improvement of health literacy in Korea, the following should be considered: 1) a vertical governance between planning and execution actors, 2) a horizontal governance between sectors, 3) active advocacy for policy makers, 4) feedback mechanism to monitoring results, 5) a person-centered service and environment, and 6) an education and training program for the workforce. Conclusion: Investment in the health literacy on a national and social level is more sustainable than changes in the behavior of individuals, since and organizational literacy and flexibility respond to changes in external environments. As for the Whole-of-society approach, follow-up studies are needed. Systemic elements for a health-literate society, which are leadership, human resources, financial investment, partnerships, and cooperation network, should be prepared in a detailed action plan in Health Plan 2030 (HP2030), Korea.

Scheduling Scheme Optimization for Emergency Resources on a Deep-sea Considering Environmental Impacts

An efficient and timely emergency response to a major accident is more challenging for the exploration and utilization of deep-sea oil and gas fields due to harsh external environment factors. An optimal solution is needed to tackle the external environment changes in the demand for emergency resources. To effectively balance emergency response time and the satisfaction of resource scheduling quantity, this paper proposes a multiple rescue points and multi-objective optimization model to address such challenges. Such model takes into account the environment factors involving wind speed and wave height caused by the variability of the deep-sea monsoon climate. Additionally, to handle the uncertainty of the resource demand at the accident sites, a linear programming and heuristic hybrid algorithm is proposed to help decision makers select the ideal routes and minimal scheduling time of deep-sea emergency resources, as well as the optimal operation season. A case study of a blowout accident is conducted to demonstrate the application of the proposed model and the real-world implications.