BackgroundDue to their close relationships with diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN), kidney transplant patients (KTPs) are constantly facing numerous chronic conditions and self-care challenges. In this respect, a personal health record (PHR) is one of the most important self-care tools, which provides access to self-care services as well as chronic disease management (CDM) through monitoring and learning. MethodsThis applied-developmental research was completed in three phases. The first phase was associated with the minimum data set (MDS), including (A) finding relevant resources from the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct, as well as gray literature, (B) extracting information related to KTP health record (KTPHR), (C) assessing the quality of studies via a rating checklist, and (D) designing an initial KTPHR model and its validation by the Delphi technique based on expert opinions. The second phase also consisted of the development of a KTPHR app for Android. In the third phase, the KTPHR usability was evaluated by think-aloud and heuristics techniques. ResultsThe study results comprised of [1] developing the MDS for KTPs with reference to a systematic method and a scoring system (namely, 10 classes and 80 data set elements), and [2] designing and building the KTPHR app with features such as health records, data dashboard, test results, medications, appointments/visits, and training to prolong the life of a transplanted kidney [3], reflecting on usability evaluation outcomes to demonstrate that qualitative evaluation was more reliable for identifying problems than quantitative heuristics. In addition, utilizing the rating checklist revealed that the principles of "flexibility and efficiency of use" had a higher severity than other cases, and the principle of "help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors" had a lower severity by itself. ConclusionThe final KTPHR model was designed through reviewing the related literature, and validation by clinical and basic science specialists to improve self-care behaviors in KTPs, and consequently facilitate and accelerate decision-making by clinicians. Since the final KTPHR model met the main criteria for evaluation purposes, including content validity and usability, it can be used with more confidence and reliability.