Cervicofacial Cellulitis Research Articles

Odontogenic Peri-Mandibular Cellulitis and Pregnancy about Five Cases at the Owendo University Hospital Center

Odontogenic perimandibular cellulitis are infections spreading into the celluloadipose tissues of the compartments of the perimandibular region. Promoted by taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. They constitute an emergency for patients and especially pregnant women, because they are the cause of serious complications, which can endanger the maternal-fetal prognosis. To study the contributing factors, complications and management of odontogenic perimandibular cellulitis in pregnant women. Patients and method: This is a retrospective, descriptive and single-center study, focusing on patients hospitalized in the CMF Stomatology department from April 2022 to April 2024. The sources of information were the department registers and patient files. The study population, odontogenic cervico-facial cellulitis in pregnant women, included all patients with odontogenic perimandibular cellulitis during pregnancy; other locations were not included. The study parameters were age, history, contributing factors, maternal-fetal complication and treatment. Results: The study concerns five pregnant women. The average age was twenty-five years, two were carriers of HIV retrovirosis. They had all taken non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, two were in the first trimester of pregnancy and three in the second trimester. All patients had diffuse perimandibular cellulitis, with cervical diffusion. Non-obstetric complications were dysphagia associated with odynophagia and obstetric complications were one threat of premature delivery. The treatment was medical-surgical. Conclusion: Odontogenic perimandibular cellulitis is more common in pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy. They are favored by taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The maternal-fetal complications found are dysphagia, odynophagia and a threat of premature delivery.

EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF ODONTOGENIC BACTERIA IN CERVICOFACIAL CELLULITIS IN THE CITY OF SANGMELIMA, CAMEROON

Aim and objective: Cervicofacial cellulitis of dental origin is a polymicrobial infection characterized by inflammation of the deep spaces of the neck and face. These conditions can be life-threatening, as the bacteria can spread throughout the body, leading to descending necrotizing mediastinitis, sepsis and death. Management is greatly challenging because of microbial polymorphism, probabilistic antibiotic selection treatment sometimes being hesitant and inappropriate because of lack of consensus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of odontogenic bacteria in cervicofacial infections. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted from May 2019 to August 2020 in the odontostomatology and bacteriology departments of the Sangmelima District and Reference Hospitals in Cameroon. Thirty five samples were collected by swabbing or puncture. Specific culture media were used to inoculate samples. Sensitivity of isolated bacteria was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion disk method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0. Results: Thirty samples were positive (85.7%). Bacteria isolated were Streptococcus (40%), Staphylococcus (30%), Pseudomonas (20%), Escherichia coli (6.7%) and Lactobacillus (3.3%). Sensitivity testing was performed with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, metronidazole, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem and clindamycin. Bacteria were more sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. Conclusion: Bacteria identified in purulent secretions from cervicofacial cellulitis are much more sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. Peer Review History: Received 25 March 2024; Revised 4 May 2024; Accepted 27 June; Available online 15 July 2024 Academic Editor: Prof. Dr. Gorkem Dulger, Duzce University, Turkey, gorkemdulger@yandex.com Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye

Orofacial Space Infections in Systemically Compromised Individuals: A Case Series and Review of Literature

1.1. Aim and Objectives: To review the management of head and neck infections due to odontogenic origin in medically compromised and non-compromised patients. Specifically, to observe their severity, response to common first-line broad-spectrum antibiotics, responsible bacterial microflora, and complications thereof. 1.2. Material and Methods: 45 cases of odontogenic oro-facial and cervico-facial cellulitis reporting or referred to the maxillofacial surgery outpatient department (OPD) were included in the study. Out of these, 38 were those diagnosed with some form of systemic debilitating condition and 7 were systemically healthy individuals. All the cases were managed by the same team of surgeons. Presenting cellulitis was surgically decompressed by incision and drainage. Pus specimens were subjected to culture sensitivity testing and antibiotic sensitivity testing (ABST). All patients were postoperatively monitored for wound healing, Lenth of Stay (LOS), complications, and incidence of morbidity and mortality. A prospective cohort study design was employed for the compilation and review of data

Evolution and prognosis of severe cervicofacial cellulitis in a Cameroonian secondary hospital

Evolution and prognosis of severe cervicofacial cellulitis in a Cameroonian secondary hospital

Epidemiological Aspects of Complications of Cervico-Facial Cellulitis of Dental Origin at the Sominé Dolo Hospital in Mopti from 2021-2022

Diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis is very common and constitutes a real public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. They are serious and fatal. The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiology of complications of cervico-facial cellulitis of dental origin at the Sominé Dolo Hospital in Mopti from 2021-2022. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study from 2021-2022 on cases of complications of cervico-facial cellulitis of dental origin which were seen in maxillofacial surgery consultation at the Sominé Dolo hospital in Mopti. This hospital is located in Sevaré and is the largest reference center in the 5th region of Mali. During the study period we collected 12 cases of complications of cervico-facial cellulitis out of a total of 33 cellulitis recorded, i.e. a frequency of 36.36%. The average age was 31.83 years. The male gender represented 75% (9 cases), and the sex ratio was 3. Patients who came from rural areas represented 83% of cases and those from urban areas represented 17%. The average consultation time was 21 days. The favoring factors found were: traditional treatment (100%), delay in consultation (100%), use of NSAIDs (33%), HIV immunosuppression (8%), diabetes (8%). The complications found were: purulent pleurisy (33%), loss of skin substance (17%), brain abscess (8.3%), facial venous thrombophlebitis (8.3%), hemoptysis (8 .3%), osteitis of the sternum (8.3%), mediastinitis (8.3%), retroperitoneal abdominal effusion (8.3%). The cytobacteriological examination (ECB) of the pus came back sterile in 42% of cases. The mortality rate was 16.66% (2 cases).

Clinical diagnosis and outcome of cervicofacial cellulitis in pyrexic rabbits: six cases (2014-2021).

To assess the signalment, history, exam findings, diagnostics, treatment and outcome of rabbits diagnosed with pyrexia and concurrent cervicofacial cellulitis. Retrospective evaluation of medical records of rabbits diagnosed with cervicofacial cellulitis and pyrexia based on physical exam, contrast-enhanced CT, clinicopathology and microbiology findings. Six out of 1588 rabbits met the study inclusion criteria. Rabbits presented with a median age of 6 years (range, 8 months to 8 years) with a presenting complaint of anorexia or hyporexia. All rabbits had a rectal temperature >40.2°C (104.4°F). Physical exam and contrast-enhanced CT revealed unilateral submandibular and ipsilateral cervical diffuse soft tissue swelling in five of six rabbits. No antemortem evidence of periodontal or dental disease was found on physical exam or CT. Leucopenia was present in five of six rabbits. A left shift with marked toxic changes was present in all four rabbits, for which blood smears were reviewed. Bacterial cultures of the aspirated subcutaneous soft tissue swelling cultured Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Granulicatella adiacens, Streptococcus species, Haemophilus species and Bacteroides species. Treatment was pursued in five rabbits, where all rabbits received supportive care and four of five rabbits received systemic antibiotics. One rabbit was euthanased following a diagnosis of cervicofacial cellulitis. Three out of five rabbits continued to decline clinically despite medical management, and thus, euthanasia was pursued within 24 hours of starting treatment. Two rabbits responded to initial treatment and developed subsequent multi-focal abscessation. One rabbit was euthanased due to client cost constraints, and one rabbit died shortly after achieving clinical resolution of cervicofacial cellulitis. Cervicofacial cellulitis should be considered a differential diagnosis in pyrexic rabbits with facial or cervical swelling with medical and surgical management pursued for therapy.

Odontogenic cervicofacial cellulitis in rural area

ObjectiveTo describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of odontogenic cervicofacial cellulitis in rural Togo, and more specifically in the town of Dapaong. MethodThis was a monocentric, retrospective, descriptive study conducted at the Dapaong regional hospital over 03 years from January 2019 to December 2021. ResultsA total of 103 cases were collected, representing an annual frequency of 34.33 cases per year. The mean age of the patients was 45.69 ± 17.49 years. We reported a male predominance, with a male/female sex ratio of 2.03. We had high exposure to risk factors for cervicofacial cellulitis (92.23%), with HIV infection predominating. Anti-inflammatory drugs and traditional therapy concerned 43.68% and 48.54% of our sample respectively. The average consultation time was 16.17 ± 7.42 days. Pain (100%) and swelling (84.46%) were the clinical signs most frequently encountered. Involvement was predominantly hemifacial, with diffuse cellulitis predominating (56.31%). The maxillary molars (38.83%) were the main site of infection. Resuscitation and triple antibiotic therapy concerned 23.30% of patients, and surgery 59.22%. The in-hospital mortality rate for odontogenic cervicofacial cellulitis in our study was 11.65%. ConclusionAlthough odontogenic cervicofacial cellulitis is uncommon in the town of Dapaong, it is associated with a delay in treatment and a high mortality rate.

Severity scale of cervicofacial cellulitis with a clinical experience

IntroductionSevere cervicofacial cellulitis are emergencies, mostly of odontogenic origin, and frequently observed in developing countries. Their management is still a challenge despite the improvement of the antibiotic therapy these last decades. We highlight our experience in the management of this life-threatening condition. Material and methodsThis was a descriptive and prospective study of all patients presenting with severe cervicofacial cellulitis between December 2020 and February 2021 in the odontostomatology department of the Garoua Regional Hospital (Cameroon). The data concerning demography (age, sex), clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis were analysed using SPSS version 20.0. Results45 cases of severe cervicofacial cellulitis were diagnosed, representing 13.76% of the total consultations. The female represented 55.55%. The mean age was 32.6 years. The main aetiology was odontogenic (93.33%). Clinical manifestations included swelling (100%), pain (100%), trismus (88.89%), dysphagia (53.33%), asthenia (35.56%), sepsis (4.44%). The main location involved was submandibular (75.56%). The overall severity score revealed the extremely high (24.44%), high (33.33%), and moderate (42.22%) grades. The antibiotic therapy was systematically administered. Short-course corticosteroids (46.67%), surgical debridement (88.89%), and etiological treatment (68.89%) were associated. Complications occurred in 13.33% of cases. The evolution was favourable in 95.56% of cases. ConclusionThe severity of cervicofacial cellulitis can be assess with a proper recognition and evaluation of the clinical signs. This will allow the practician to better manage these conditions and to improves their prognosis.

Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Cervico-Facial Cellulitis at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Ouahigouya (Burkina Faso)

Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Cervico-Facial Cellulitis at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Ouahigouya (Burkina Faso)

Evolution and prognosis of severe cervicofacial cellulitis in a Cameroonian secondary hospital

Background: Severe cervicofacial cellulitis is a fatal condition with a poor prognosis. It has a relatively high frequency in underdeveloped countries, and its treatment remains a challenge. This study aimed to document and evaluate severe cervicofacial cellulitis patterns observed in a secondary hospital in Cameroon. Methods: A descriptive and prospective study was carried out in the Odontostomatology Department of the Garoua Regional Hospital, Cameroon. All patients with severe cervicofacial cellulitis were recruited between December 2020 and February 2021. The data concerning population analysis (age, sex), clinic (risk factors, symptoms, signs, aetiologies, evolutionary stages), treatment (medical, surgical, their evolution), and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Out of the total consultations, 45 cases (13.76%) of severe cervicofacial cellulitis were diagnosed, and 55.55% were females. The mean age was 32.6 years. According to the severity criteria, 24.44% of cases had extremely high severity, and 33.33% of high severity cases. The treatment consisted of antibiotics (100%), surgical debridement (91.11%), etiological treatment (82.35%), short-course corticosteroids (46.67%), and supportive treatment (100%). Complications occurred in 13.33% of cases. The evolution was favorable in 95.56% of cases. The death rate was 4.44%. Conclusion: Severe cervicofacial cellulitis remains alarming because of its life-threatening potential. An adequate treatment is required to have an evolution with little or no complications. Their prognosis remains strongly reserved with comorbidities.

Evaluation of the Conformity of Care of Patients Hospitalized for Cervico-Facial Odontogenic Cellulitis in Yaounde-Cameroon

Introduction: Cervicofacial odontogenic cellulitis is a poly-bacterial inflammatory process of the cellulo-adipal tissue involving the dental organ. The severity of its clinical picture can compromise its treatment and cause death. The vital prognosis of a hospitalized patient depends on the conformity of his management conditions. It is in this perspective that this study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the conformity of care of patients hospitalised for odontogenic cervico-facial cellulitis in Yaounde. Material and method: This was a descriptive and retrospective study that took place over 7 months during 2022, including all patients hospitalised for cervico-facial cellulitis of oral origin during a 3-year period, from 1er January 2019 to 31 December 2021 at the Yaoundé Central Hospital (HCY), the Yaoundé University Hospital (CHUY) and the Efoulan District Hospital (HDE). Socio-demographic characteristics, clinical and therapeutic aspects, and compliance with management were recorded. Data collection was done with a pre-designed form and the results were processed and analysed using SPSS version 26.0 and Excel 2013. Results: Out of 134 patient records collected, 67% were male with a sex ratio of 2.04. The age range Age group The age group [20-40] represented 56% of the cases. About 52.2% of the patients worked in the informal sector, followed by 25.4% of pupils and students. Trismus was present in 92.5% of cases. Cellulitis was diffuse in 81.3% of cases, suppurative in 73.9% and acute in 71.6%. Dual therapy with 99.3% Penicillin and 97.8% Imidazole was used in 69.4% of cases; the first level of Paracetamol was used in 94% as an analgesic. Antimalarial drugs were associated with the initial treatment in 5.2% of cases. Incision and drainage used in 52% of cases. The prescribed care was notified and regularly administered in 73.1% of cases; the case fatality rate was 15.7%, with sepsis as the cause in 80% of cases. All the records included the identification, the reason for hospitalisation and the therapeutic prescription. The elements of the hospitalization report, the prescription established at discharge and the conclusion of the clinical examination were contained in 84.3%, 94.8% and 97.8% of cases respectively. Conclusion: cellulitis affects resourceful men. Even if the compliance of the management conditions was found to be fair, the prognosis is vital with the severity of the infection.

The inception of a hospital-based dental emergency department in a precarious region decreases the incidence of severe cellulitis of odontogenic origin

Introduction: Although most localized odontogenic infections can be managed successfully without complications, some can cause extensive morbidity through the onset of cervicofacial cellulitis. The management of these more severe infections generally requires emergency treatment, including surgical treatment under general anesthesia, and prolonged length of hospital stay. Material & Methods: In this work, we assessed the impact of the provision of a hospital-based dental emergency department on the regional incidence of severe odontogenic cellulitis in a socioeconomically precarious region. Monthly case rates of odontogenic cellulitis treated between January 2010 and December 2019 at the hospital-based dental emergency department of Lille Medical University Hospital were collected. Results: The mean number of monthly severe odontogenic cellulitis cases treated under general anesthesia was significantly higher before than after the inception of the hospital-based dental emergency service [14.07 (5.83) vs 8.79 (4.42); p<0.0001]. Conversely, the monthly mean number of collected odontogenic cellulitis cases treated under local anesthesia was significantly lower before the emergency service was set up [22.42 (12.73) vs 43.32 (23.41); p<0.0001]. Conclusion: The provision of a hospital-based dental emergency department resulted in a decrease in severe dental infections in a region with high indices of socioeconomic precarity, morbidity and mortality. Greater accessibility to dental care allows for the rationalization of care through more precocious and fewer burdensome procedures.

Head and Neck Cellulitis of Dental Origin and HIV Infection: 24 Cases

Cervico-facial cellulitis is a serious poly-microbial infection of the deep fascial spaces of the face and neck which may be life-threatening. The existence of an underlying ground that causes immune failure may promote or complicate this infection. The aim of this work was to describe the socio-demographic and clinical aspects of dental cervicofacial cellulitis associated with HIV in our context. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that concerned all cases of cervico-facial cellulitis with positive HIV serology encountered at the CHU-CNOS of Bamako from May 2017 to January 2018. Twenty-four cases were collected. Cellulite with positive HIV accounted for 1.14% of consultations in the service. Females accounted for 67.66% of cases with a sex ratio of 0.5. The average age was 33.58 years old. Housewives accounted for 33.33% of cases. The bride and groom represented 83% of the cases. The triad (pain, swelling, and trismus) was the most common reason for consultation with 41.7% of cases. The tooth 37 was involved in 25% of the cases. In 87% of cases, patients were screened in the service. HIV-1 was found in 75.0% of cases. Complications such as peripheral facial palsy were found in three cases. The medico-surgical treatment was performed in 23 cases with a favorable evolution. The search for an underlying ground, in particular HIV infection, must be systematic in the face of diffuse cervicofacial cellulitis.

Diffuse Cervico-Facial Cellulitis: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects at the Teaching Hospital CNHU HKM of Cotonou

Purpose of the work: to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis collected within the ENT-CCF surgery department of the CNHU of Cotonou. Materials and method: the study was a descriptive retrospective carried out from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2020. It concerned new cases of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis identified during the period. Results: in 3 years, 55 cases of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis were identified out of 1101 hospitalized patients. The frequency was 4.99%. Per year, 18 cases of cervico-facial cellulitis are recorded. The mean age of the patients was 41.3 years with extremes of 15 years and 85 years. A clear male predominance was noted with a sex ratio of 1.29. Painful cervico-facial swelling was the most common reason for medical consultation (47 patients or 85.5% of cases). Thirty patients (54.5%) showed a deterioration in general condition. Several clinical forms of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis have been described, in particular the gangrenous form, the suppurative, necrotizing form and LUDWIG’s angina. The portal of entry was dental in 50 patients (91% of cases), favored by poor oral hygiene and self-medication with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The medico-surgical treatment implemented was favorable for 47 patients (85.5%). Conclusion: Diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis remains a frequent medical-surgical emergency in the CCF ENT department at the Teaching Hospital of Cotonou. Mainly of odontogenic origin, it is encountered in different clinical forms.

Necrotizing descending mediastinitis by Acinetobacter Baumannii in an out-patient: a case report

BackgroundComplicated cervico-facial cellulitis is an infectious disease which can have fatal prognosis. Necrotizing descending mediastinitis is a rare and fatal complication of cervico-thoracic cellulitis. This is the case of necrotizing descending mediastinitis complicating by a multi-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii in a 27-year-old female, with early management of hemodynamic, respiratory and surgical emergencies, and very careful post-operative care, resulting in very satisfying outcome.Case presentationThe patient presented was first treated with broad spectrum antibiotics for Ludwig’s angina for 10 days, then presented with a swelling of sub-mandibular, sub-mental, and cervical regions, a mild respiratory distress, with clinical enhancement of dyspnea in proclive position, tachycardia of 100 beats per minute, and arterial blood pressure of 10/5.Clinical exam showed a tight trismus, with oral opening inferior to 1 cm, no inflammatory signs in facial and cervical swollen areas, and a saturation of 95% in proclive position. Auscultation suspected a pericardial effusion.CT scan with and without injected contrast medium showed diffuse abscesses of sub-mental, sub-mandibular, retro-pharyngeal, para-pharyngeal regions, along with mediastinal abscesses and pericardial effusion. Trans-thoracic ultrasound showed 2 cm pericardial effusion, preserved function of myocardium, and without signs of tamponade.The diagnosis of necrotizing descending mediastinitis with pericardial effusion was established.The patient underwent a course of wide spectrum antibiotic therapy, low doses of cathecholamine, and a surgical drainage through cervical approach of all implicated zones. The surgical dissection was thorough and difficult due to diffuse fibrosis found in tissues of cervical regions. Two hundred milliliters of pus was evacuated, with a placement of surgical drains and Delbet blades.Bacteriological exam found an Acinetobacter Baumannii sensitive to colistin only.The post-operative outcome showed clinical and biological enhancement; however, a residual mediastinal collection appeared in control CT scan after 48 h, which indicated a surgical revision through mediastinoscopy.The post-operative outcome was satisfying with stabilized clinical, biological, and radiological aspects.ConclusionsNecrotizing descending mediastinitis is an infectious disease correlated with a very elevated mortality rate, and management is based on airway control, antibiotic therapy, and surgical treatment, as well as the post-operative intensive unit care.Early diagnosis and appropriate management enhances outcome and decreases mortality significantly.

Cervicofacial cellulitis on vascular malformation: About two case reports

Cervicofacial cellulitis is a brutal and dreadful disease that poses a serious problem in terms of therapeutic management. Most often, these cellulitides occur either in a fragile environment or after inappropriate initial management. We report two (02) observations of cervicofacial cellulitis in patients with vascular malformation of the face. In both cases, the patients were previously diagnosed with a facial vascular malformation and presented with secondary cervicofacial cellulitis homolateral to the vascular malformation. The diagnosis of cellulitis was made by clinical and biological elements and confirmed by imaging (CT). This comorbidity remains a rare entity, and almost not reported in the literature; their management remains however complex and must be integrated with multidisciplinary consultations.

Lemierre’s Syndrome: A Complication of Cervicofacial Cellulitis in a Child

Introduction: Lemierre’s syndrome complicates oropharyngeal infection and associates septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein with sepsis and distant septic emboli (especially pulmonary). We report a pediatric case with thrombophlebitis of the jugular vein in the context of cervicofacial cellulitis. Summary of the Clinical Case: A 2-year-old girl consulted in the emergency room for angina complicated by right cervicofacial cellulitis with thrombosis of the right jugular vein. The diagnosis of atypical Lemierre syndrome was made and the patient received first medical treatment (antibiotic therapy, anticoagulation) allowing a cure without sequelae. And secondary surgical treatment (adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy). Discussion: The presence of a cervical venous thrombosis complicating an oropharyngeal infection should lead to a search for Lemierre’s syndrome (blood cultures and chest CT) rare but serious and require immediate treatment

Haematological and Biochemical Variations in Cervico-Facial Cellulitis of Dental Origin in the City of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Background: Cervicofacial cellulitis is a severe infection and is responsible for a major disruption of host homeostasis. The aim of this work was to describe the haematological and biochemical variations of cervico-facial cellulitis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from 1 January to 31 December 2020. All patients hospitalized for cervico-facial cellulitis of dental origin were included in the study. The usual parameters of descriptive statistics were estimated for each variable. Results: Our sample consisted of 166 patients. The average age of patients with cervicofacial cellulitis in our study was 39.9 ± 15.39 years. Red blood cell count was low in 55.5% of patients and hyperleukocytosis was noted in 89.16% of patients. Platelets were normal in 43.14% of patients and 78.43% of patients had a low haematocrit (haemodilution). Anemia was noted in 64.7% of patients. In addition, 61.0% of patients had elevated uricemia and 31.17% had elevated creatinemia. Conclusion: Cellulitis is still a common condition in less privileged environments. Its diagnosis can be guided by clinical and biological findings. Consistent education of the population on oral health, and the control of biological disorders that result from it, are sufficient to greatly reduce its prevalence and the appearance of complicated forms.

Epidemiological Aspects of Cervicofacial Cellulitis Due to Dental Origin in the City of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Background: Head and neck cellulitis of dental origin are polymicrobial bacterial infections involving the cellulo-adipose spaces of the face and neck. The objective of this work was to describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients with head and neck cellulitis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from 1 January to 30 June 2020. All patients consulting for cervico-facial cellulitis of dental origin in 2 university hospitals in Ouagadougou were included in the study. The usual parameters of descriptive statistics were estimated for each variable. Results: Two hundred and ninety-two cases (184 men and 108 women), aged 3 to 85 years were collected. The 25 - 35 years old were the most affected (33%). Decay was the leading dental cause (95.6%). The delay in consultation was included within 7 days in 74.66% of cases. Ninety-one-point forty-four percent of patients had poor oral hygiene. Diffuse cellulitis was the most common (64.04%) and peri-mandibular regions were the most invaded (42.81%). Conclusion: The frequencies observed in our study allow us to conclude that cervicofacial cellulitis of dental origin is still frequent and affects a young and disadvantaged population.

Severe Cervicofacial Cellulitis in Pregnancy- A Review of 18 Cases.

Introduction:Cervicofacial cellulitis can be rapidly complicated with a difficult airway when prompt management is not instituted. It may have some serious consequences for developing baby when a pregnant woman is involved. This study presented the experiences gained from the management of cervicofacial cellulitis in pregnant women.Materials and Methods:The present study was conducted on 18 pregnant women with cervicofacial cellulitis affecting more than one facial space at the presentation in a regional tertiary hospital within a five-year period (January 2013 to December 2017). The collected information included patient age, clinical diagnosis, number of involved facial spaces, gestational periods, and duration of hospital stay. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 15.0).Results:A total of 131 patients with cervicofacial cellulitis were admitted during the study period, out of which 18 patients met the inclusion criteria and were investigated in the present study. These 18 patients were within the age range of 20-43 years with the mean age of 29±7.1 years. There was a statistically significant relationship between the number of fascial spaces involved and duration of hospital stay (P=0.04). All the patients had incision and drainage of the affected facial spaces under local anesthesia with good outcomes.Conclusion:The prompt management of pregnant women with cervicofacial cellulitis in a multidisciplinary manner is important to ensure uneventful outcomes in the lives of both the pregnant woman and unborn child.