Ceramic Tableware Research Articles

Food's Ceramic Pot Source of Cadmium's Intoxication the Body Human

Heavy metal cadmium is classified to the World Health Organization to the most hazardous substances for human health. The aim is to study the food pottery as an object that can be a source of cadmium in the human body. The various kinds of food ceramic products, which may contain pigments based on cadmium compounds, are considered. It was found that the cadmium sulfide can be an integral part of underglaze or onglaze ceramic paints, glazes, ceramic mass and a chandelier. The most intense release of cadmium comes with glaze and paint ceramic mass and carries the greatest risk in respect of this heavy metal pollution of the human body. Process cadmium poisoning human bodycompounds can last for years, cadmium tends to accumulate in the body for a long time. Therefore, the use of externally beautiful, but the harmful chemical composition, color of ceramic tableware harmful to human health.

Phoenician ceramic tableware between East and West: some remarks on open forms and on their absolute chronology

In this paper a typological and chronological framework of the evolution of open forms of the Phoenician table pottery is outlined, starting from the Iron Age documentation of the Syro-Palestinian coast (11th-6th centuries BC) up to the colonial elaborations of the Iberian Peninsula (9th-6th centuries BC). The definition of the chrono-typological horizons identified in both areas is combined with an analysis of the issues affecting the absolute chronology of the Iron Age in the Mediterranean basin. The focus is on the early stages of the Phoenician presence in West, given the increasing number of archaic evidences emerged notably at Huelva and Cadiz. The analysis is also carried out through the comparison with other archaic contexts recently come to light, for example, at Utica and Carthage.

A review of additive manufacturing for ceramic production

PurposeIn this paper, the authors aim to address the potential of mass personalization for ceramic tableware objects. They argue that additive manufacturing (AM) is the most adequate approach to the production of such objects.Design/methodology/approachThe authors review the manufacturing of ceramic tableware objects, both traditional techniques and AM processes, and assess which available AM technologies are suitable for the research purpose.FindingsThe authors consider binder jetting and material extrusion as the most suitable processes for the production of ceramic objects to be integrated into a mass personalization system of ceramic tableware.Originality/valueThis paper provides an original overview of traditional and innovative techniques in ceramic manufacturing, exposing not only its differences but also its commonalities. Such overview supports the conceptual design of original equipment.

Specific energy consumption and carbon intensity of ceramic tablewares: Small enterprises (SEs) in Thailand

Energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from ceramic tableware production in Thailand were evaluated. Activity data regarding ceramic tableware manufacture were collected from 13 small-scale ceramic tableware plants within the boundaries of gate-to-gate. The functional unit of analysis was 1 kg of ceramic tableware product. The GHG emission of ceramic tableware production per unit of kgCO2e/kg was calculated following the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines. Emission factors were taken from the Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) and IPCC databases. The SPSS independent sample t-test (IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0) was used as a statistical inferential method for comparison of energy consumption. Results showed that the energy consumptions of ceramic tableware were mainly from liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) as 19,363 MJ/tonne during the firing process (99%), followed by electricity at 243 MJ/tonne (1%) during the forming process. The average specific energy consumption (SEC) for small-scale ceramic tableware production in Thailand was 19.6 ± 4.7 GJ/tonne of product. The SPSS independent sample t-test revealed that the energy consumption in double firing plants was 10% significantly higher than single firing plants. Comparison between specific LPG consumptions and kiln loading capacities of single firing plants indicated a linear relationship, and kiln loading capacity significantly influenced the amount of specific LPG consumed. An increase in kiln loading capacity decreased specific LPG consumption. Every one kg product/m3 loading increase gave a reduction of 0.67 kg LPG/kg product. The average carbon intensity of small-scale ceramic tableware production in Thailand was 1.241 ± 0.295 kgCO2e/kg of product. The largest GHG emission was from LPG consumption during the firing process (98%), followed by electricity consumptions (1%), and decomposition of calcium and barium carbonates (1%). The average GHG emissions of double fired and single fired products were 1.340 and 1.211 kgCO2e/kg of product, respectively. Therefore, LPG consumption during the firing process was identified as the main hotspot for energy consumption and GHG emission. Increasing kiln loading capacity, reducing kiln heat leakage, and repairing ceramic insulators were recommended as good practices for energy saving which can potentially be applied to the existing small-scale ceramic tableware plants.

SELEUCID-PARTHIAN FIGURINES FROM BABYLON IN THE NIPPUR COLLECTION: IMPLICATIONS OF MISATTRIBUTION AND RE-EVALUATING THE CORPUS

This article formally documents an important correction to the provenance attribution of three reclining female figurines from Babylon that reside in the Nippur collection at the University of Pennsylvania Museum and were published with that corpus. Few scholars have noticed the misattribution of these figurines, and the problem has not been formally documented for scholarship. Through historiographical analysis of the late nineteenth century Nippur Expeditions and early twentieth century cataloguing and publication of the Nippur corpus, this article reconstructs how and why these three reclining figurines have been continually misassociated with Nippur, and traces the continued impact of this confusion on scholarship's understanding of the Nippur figurine tradition. Most critically, the publication of these three figurines as Nippur objects lent credence to the testimony of an antiquities dealer who sold an additional eight reclining figurines “from Nippur” to the Harvard Semitic Museum; these figurines continue to be regarded as Nippur objects. This article casts doubt upon that provenance. The figurine tradition of Seleucid-Parthian Nippur is reevaluated in light of the absence of securely-provenanced reclining female figurines at that site. An art historical evaluation of these figurines is undertaken, which links these figurines to the general use of hybrid Greek-Babylonian imagery in Seleucid-Parthian figurines, and connects the specific motif of the reclining figure to Greek banqueting imagery. It is proposed that the Nippur community's lack of interest in reclining female figurines can be correlated with a disinterest in pan-Hellenistic ceramic tablewares; together, these lacunae indicate Nippur's non-participation in negotiated Greek-Babylonian banqueting practices. These differences in cross-cultural interaction between Nippur and the neighboring Babylonian communities have not been fully recognized nor explored, due to scholarship's misunderstanding of the use of reclining female figurines at that site. It is this confusion that this article attempts to resolve.

Feasting, Phoenician Trade and Dynamics of Social Change in Northeastern Iberia

The archaeological study of feasting practices has proved to be one of the most fruitful lines of research in the social interpretation of the Mediterranean protohistoric record. The focus has been particularly effective for assessing the development of socio-political complexity and the evolution of socialization strategies that characterize many small-scale societies. In seeking to provide a similar assessment, this study analyses a set of ceramic tableware recovered from the early Iron Age site (seventh to sixth centuries BC) of Sant Jaume (Alcanar, Catalonia) and its associated domestic spaces and architectonic structures. Drawing on the postulates of commensality studies, we examine the functional and symbolic characteristics of these artefacts and the social practices linked to them.

The Significance of Hotel-Ware Ceramics in the Twentieth Century

Hotel ware is a durable, vitrified, ceramic tableware introduced to North America in the late 19th century. The ware became very popular in the first half of the 20th century, with production peaking in the late 1920s and again in the late 1940s. Hotel ware was prized for its toughness and cost-effectiveness, and was the ware of choice in nearly every commercial and institutional setting of that period. Ceramics recovered from trash middens at the site of Riding Mountain Prison Camp, an institution in Canada that held German soldiers during the Second World War, inform a brief case study that shows that hotel ware was employed in the institution to maximize economic efficiency, to simplify provisioning for a large group of imprisoned men, and to contribute to sanitation and healthfulness.

Direct fabrication of superhydrophobic ceramic surfaces with ZnO nanowires

Super-hydrophobic surfaces having contact angles > 150° for water are of great interest due to their potential use in a wide variety of applications. Although many reports on the wettability of different surfaces have been published, few or no studies have been done on the formation of a super-hydrophobic surface on a ceramic substrate. In this paper, we demonstrate the creation of a super-hydrophobic surface on a ceramic substrate by using zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs) prepared by using a direct hydrothermal method. A self-assembled monolayer of heptadecafluoro- 1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl trichlorosilane (HDFS) lowered the surface energy between the water droplet and the nano-textured surface. The length of the ZnO NWs was found to play a key role in the formation of a nanostructure that increased the surface roughness of the substrate. Furthermore, the length of the ZnO NWs could be controlled by changing the growth time, and HDFS-coated ZnO NWs were found to be super-hydrophobic after a growth time of 3 h. We have demonstrated the potential application of this nanostructure for ceramic tableware by introducing a ZnO-NW-textured surface on a ceramic cup, which resulted in water and alcohol repellency. This method is a simple and practical way to achieve a super-hydrophobic surface; hence, our method is expected to be widely used in various ceramic applications.

MERCURY: an Agent-Based Model of Tableware Trade in the Roman East

A large number of complex hypotheses exists that aim to explain aspects of the Roman economy, consisting of many explanatory factors that are argued to affect each other. Such complex hypotheses cannot be compared or tested through the traditional practice of qualitative argumentation and comparison with selected small sets of written and material sources alone. Moreover, these hypotheses often draw on different conceptual frameworks to abstract the same past phenomenon under study, hampering formal comparison. There is a need in the study of the Roman economy for more formal computational modelling for representing and comparing the many existing conceptual models, and for testing their ability to explain patterns observed in archaeological data where possible. This paper aims to address this need. It argues that communicating the potential contribution of computational modelling to scholars of the Roman economy should focus on providing theoretically well-founded arguments for the selection of the included and excluded variables, the conceptualisation used, and to address those elements of conceptual models that are at the forefront of scholarly debates. This approach is illustrated in this paper through MERCURY (Market Economy and Roman Ceramics Redistribution, after the Roman patron god of commerce), an agent-based model (ABM) of ceramic tableware trade in the Roman East. MERCURY presents a representation of two conflicting conceptual models of the degree of market integration in the Roman Empire, both of which serve as potential explanations for the empirically observed strong differences in the distribution patterns of tablewares. This paper illustrates how concepts derived from network science can be used to abstract both conceptual models, to implement these in an ABM and to formally compare them. The results of experiments with MERCURY suggest that limited degrees of market integration are unlikely to result in wide tableware distributions and strong differences between the tableware distributions. We conclude that in order for the discussion on the functioning of the Roman economy to progress, authors of conceptual models should (a) clearly define the concepts used and discuss exactly how these differ from the concepts used by others, (b) make explicit how these concepts can be represented as data, (c) describe the expected behaviour of the system using the defined concepts, (d) describe the expected data patterns resulting from this behaviour, and (d) define how (if at all) archaeological and historical sources can be used as reflections or proxies of these expected data patterns.

Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emission from Ceramic Tableware Production: A Case Study in Lampang, Thailand

This paper presents energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from ceramic tableware production in Lampang, Thailand. All data of energy consumption in ceramic production were collected from a small enterprise manufacturing plant and the unit of analysis was 1kg of product. A scope of study was gate to gate. The amount of GHG emission in a unit kgCO2e/kg of product was calculated by 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories method and the emission factors were referred from Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) and IPCC databases. The results showed that the total energy consumption from ceramic tableware production was 24.28MJ/kg of product and almost 98% of total energy consumption was from liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) consumption during firing. The amount of GHG emission was 0.237 kgCO2e/kg of product. The glost firing was found to be a hotspot of energy consumption and GHG emission.

Eva Zeisel Recontextualized, Again: Savoring Sentimental Historicism in Tomorrow’s Classic Today

Looking carefully at a middle-class commodity from the 1950s, we can engage in both an appreciation of applied ornament and sustain institutional critique. The discursive role of decorative art in the Museum of Modern Art’s “Good Design” shows haunts the contemporary exhibitionary complex. In revisiting the work of Eva Zeisel (1906–2011), designer and craftswoman, production can be sorted out in relation to diverse narratives: stories that are self-serving to commercial enterprise and the concept of “museum-quality” design, complexities of production and manufacture in ceramic tableware, and the seemingly constant contradiction between “missionaries” policing design reform and the realities of consumption and our affective relationships to applied ornament.

Internal diversity and change in the UK: The changing forms and levels of coordination in wages and working conditions within the ceramic tableware sector 1945–2008

This article presents findings from a longitudinal analysis of postwar (1945–2008) changes to coordination in wages and working conditions within a single-case study sector in the UK – ceramic tableware production. It proposes three modes of incremental change during this period: layering in the immediate postwar years ( c. 1950); conversion during the 1970s; and displacement in the early 1980s. Shaped by (a) the internal and external pressures actors faced, (b) the veto possibilities and (c) the levels of discretion in the implementation and enforcement of targeted institutions for key actors at different stages, this sector saw different forms and levels of coordination in wages and working conditions come to prominence at different points during the second half of the twentieth century.

3D Printed Ceramics for Tableware, Artists/Designers and Specialist Applications

The Centre for Fine Print Research at the University of the West of England has over five years experience in the 3D printing of ceramic materials. The first project undertaken was to investigate the use of 3D technologies for artists and resulted in the development of a patented ceramic body suitable for use in Z Corporation 3D printers. After bisque firing this material can be further processed using conventional glazing and decorating techniques. A follow on project has resulted in a modified ceramic body and the development of firing supports to enable thin section ceramic tableware to be produced for ceramic industry concept modelling and short run or one-off pieces for artists and designers. This paper will detail the progress of the research and will explain by using case studies and examples of collaboration with a leading UK pottery manufacturer, individual artists and designers how this novel technique can be utilised to form shapes and forms difficult or impossible to realise by conventional forming methods. The potential of how the ability to form ceramic objects with complex internal structures could be beneficial to more specialist ceramics industries will also be explored.

Underglaze Tissue Printing for Ceramic Artists, a Collaborative Project to Re-Appraise 19th Century Printing Skills

Under-glaze tissue ceramic transfer printing first developed circa 1750 and involved engraved or etched copper plates, from which tissue was printed with cobalt blue oxides. Under-glaze tissue has a very distinctive, subtle quality - it is an integral part of both English ceramic history and the history of copperplate engraving. The process was common in the UK ceramics industry until the1980s. However from the 1950s it began to be supplemented by screen-printing, because underglaze tissue transfer was relatively slow and required skilled artisans to apply the transfers. The authors are collaborating with Burleigh Pottery in Stoke-on-Trent, the last remaining company to produce ceramic tableware decorated using the traditional printed under-glaze tissue method. The pottery was recently saved from closure by the HRH Prince Charles Regeneration Trust, who wish to maintain the traditional manufacturing skills for the next 25 years. The Centre for Fine Print Research (CFPR) in Bristol has been reappraising the use of these traditional 19th Century skills with modern materials and methods for producing engraved plates. The project seeks to demonstrate how those 19th Century methods can be applied by contemporary ceramic artists. The paper will explain the process of ink manufacture, heating the plate for printing, digital methods of making plates and the use of potters tissue.

Resource Longevity and the ‘Pull’ of Existing Organizational Paths: Strategic Adjustment and Response by UK Producers to a New International Division of Labour in the Ceramic Tableware Sector

This article presents the findings from a study that explores the implications of a new international division of labour in the ceramic tableware sector for UK producers. Many UK producers have struggled over recent years to adapt to changing competitive and market conditions in the sector. The findings suggest that strategy choice and success for UK producers during the period of interest (1996–2008) has not been exorable and homogenous. Instead, past actions, events and outcomes, as well as the ‘pull’ of existing organizational paths, appear to have influenced past capability selection and accumulation decisions, shaping the historically conditioned, rent-generating competencies upon which case study firms had based their respective responses to changes in competitive and market conditions. This has increasingly conditioned two distinctive focal action patterns within the sample, each, seemingly, presenting its own respective ‘lock in’ effects.

STAT-AAS Determination of Cd, Pb, and Zn Leached from Turkish Glazed Ceramic Tableware

STAT-AAS Determination of Cd, Pb, and Zn Leached from Turkish Glazed Ceramic Tableware

Review: Century of the Child: Growing by Design, 1900–2000

Century of the Child: Growing by Design, 1900–2000 Museum of Modern Art, New York 29 July–5 November 2012 A large photograph of a boy, hanging precariously from a tall wall with one hand and smiling mischievously, greets visitors. Nearby, an early twentieth-century film clip shows a father frantically running to catch his child, who is rolling away inside some fantastic circular contraption, demonstrating how the pursuit of fun, parental angst, and the concern for radical design can, at times, be intricately tied. In the center of the space, a giant table and two oversize chairs reveal that when sitting on the Tripp-Trapp—a Danish wooden high chair designed in 1971—a toddler can feel (and seem) much more adequate in scale next to a large table. On the day I visited Century of the Child: Growing by Design, 1900–2000 , people lined up to get their picture taken sitting on that chair, confirming that play belongs in the category of “tacit knowledge”; it is immediate, intuitive, and universally understood. Imparting this idea in the entrance lobby established a sense of direct connection to the artifacts on display and the promise of fun. In the rooms that followed, the experience was one of constant curiosity and engagement. Through an accumulation of artifacts that included furniture, toys, books, school supplies, clothing, advertisements, and art, a tapestry of impressions addressed seven chronological themes reflecting the shifting place of child-oriented design throughout the twentieth century. In the first three rooms, spanning the first forty years of the century, discovery and innovation appeared synonymous with childhood. “New Century, New Child, New Art (1900s–1910s)” explored pedagogical tools, such …

Consumer Practices and the Visibility of Identity in Antebellum St. Louis: A 1,200-Vessel Archaeological Sample from an Irish and German Neighborhood, 1845–65

This study examines a large sample of ceramic and glass artifacts from ten privy-vault features in downtown St. Louis, Missouri, dating circa 1845–65. The features were associated with a neighborhood populated primarily by recently-arrived Irish and German immigrants. Minimum vessel counts from the samples are employed to establish the basic consumer patterning of a number of products, ranging from ceramic tablewares to bottled foods. Also examined is the frequency and character of more “folk” associated artifacts, such as regionally made crockery and smoking pipes. The visibility of cultural identity is considered in the context of large samples of domestic debris, retrieved from rarified social settings but also dominated by mass produced and mass marketed goods.

Determining the point of origin of bitumen coats on ceramic tableware excavated from ancient settlement at Menteshtepe, Azerbaijan

An analysis of bitumen coatings on surfaces of ceramic tableware found during excavations at the Menteshtepe settlement (Tovuz region, Azerbaijan) has been performed. Biomarker analysis has been conducted, hydrocarbon and elemental composition of the bitumen have been determined using highly sensitive equipment, and the point of origin of the bitumen is discovered.

Knowledge in the Air and Cooperation among Firms: Traditions of Secrecy and the Reluctant Emergence of Specialization in the Ceramic Manufacturing District of Lampang, Thailand

We study interfirm relations among ceramic tableware manufacturers in the city of Lampang, Thailand. Data consist of face-to-face interviews with the principals of thirty-four manufacturers, and with representatives of supporting institutions. We find that specialization in production and knowledge sharing are complementary; that knowledge sharing is substantially discretionary, rather than taking the form of passive spillovers; and that a weak knowledge base, built on firm-based training within vertically integrated mass producers, constrains the development of flexible specialization, despite the efforts of numerous local and external actors.