Central Java Indonesia Research Articles

A Study on the Welfare of Fishermen in Mangkang Wetan, Semarang City, Central Java Indonesia

The life of fishermen is often associated with poverty because of uncertain income depending on catch, weather and season. The capital requirement becomes an obstacle to develop fishery business and fisherman side business. One of the ways for the government to overcome this problem is to provide assistance in the form of grants with main objective is increasing the ability and income of fishermen through the development of small-scale fishing business activities in rural areas in accordance with the potential of fish resources. However, the distribution of grant funds often does not work well and there is a lack of continuous evaluation. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the level of welfare of fishermen in Mangkang Wetan Sub-district, Semarang City, Indonesia. The research population is 110 people with 21 samples of fishermen receiving Business Capital Program of Rural Development (PUMP beneficiaries) and 53 non-PUMP beneficiaries who do fishing activities using trammel net and bubu traps. Technique of collecting data by interview method with questioner and observation in field. Data analysis technique using regression of dummy variable. Factors affecting the level of welfare of the fishermen in Mangkang Wetan Village, Tugu Sub-district, Semarang are experience, fisherman's income, income of family member of fisherman, education. The variables that have no significant effect are the age, number of family dependents, expenditure and assistance of the PUMP program.

The Impact of Climate Change, Economic Growth, and Population Growth on Food Security in Central Java Indonesia

As climate change continues to cause more frequent weather shocks such as droughts and floods and increasingly erratic rainfall, people in developing regions are threatened by crop failures and hunger. In this study, the researchers describe how climate change influences food security in Central Java, seen from the frequency of floods, rainfall, and rainy days. This study also added another variable, i.e., economic growth, reviewed through GRDP and the amount of rice production. Using the Common effect model, the study results revealed that rainy days and population were the variables significantly influencing food security in cities/regencies in Central Java Province. Meanwhile, two other variables, i.e., rainfall and GRDP, had no significant effect on food security in cities/regencies in Central Java Province.

Behaviour Changes of Elementary School Students Who Had Menarche and Educational Program Needed Relating to Menarche

Menarche is a period in which girls get their first menstruation. It is a marker of a woman entering the phase of biological maturity or reproductive maturity. In the study of fiqh, menarche is the beginning of a woman entering the mukallaf phase and being responsible for her actions. Physical and mental changes follow menarche. Educational service which is relevant to these changes is needed. This study aimed to explore behaviour changes and the service that required by students following their menarche. This study was a qualitative study exploring teacher’s perspectives on their observation and opinion about behaviour changes of menarche students and their further program and education needs related to menarche. The sample of this study was teachers in six elementary schools in Pekalongan City , Central Java Indonesia. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The result indicates that female students that already menarche often seek attention to the opposite sex, post self-portraits on social media, and pay more attention to self-appearance. While, the programs they needed were education and counselling strongly related to menstruation, and mental and biological maturity, following the menarche.

Genetic Variation of Structural and Functional Genes of SARS-CoV-2 Isolates Circulating in Banyumas (Indonesia)

Scientists are performing various measurements to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. The genomic mutations of SARS-CoV-2 can change their pathogenicity, infectivity, transmission, and antigenicity. This present study aimed to know a) the genetic variation of structural and functional genes of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in Banyumas and b) the potential of the Cilacap’s Harbour as a human mobility portal on the genetic variations of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in Banyumas, Central Java (Indonesia). Genomic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 isolates were taken from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) online platforms. A gene cut was carried out from Wuhan reference isolate, fifteen isolates from Banyumas, and two isolates from Cilacap (Central Java) using Unipro UGENE v. 33.0 software, considering the annotation of the Wuhan-1 isolate. Genetic variations were detected among SARS-CoV-2 isolates circulating in Banyumas. The structural protein (envelope, membrane, nucleocapsid) encoding gene and the RdRp gene were highly conserved to Wuhan reference genome (Wuhan-Hu-1). Meanwhile, the ORF and the spike-encoding genes were less identical to the Wuhan reference genome. This study also proposed that human mobility from outside Central Java through Cilacap’s Harbour did not affect the genetic variation of SARS-CoV-2 isolates circulating in Banyumas (Central Java).

Drainage and Irrigation Water System in Peripheral Urban Areas

Polluted water, floods, and inefficient irrigation water distribution system are the main issues of water system conditions of Indonesia especially in peripheral urban areas. In those areas, because of the rapid increased of land prices, the occurrences of small residential areas are massive replacing the existence of productive rice fields. Not only land conversion and mixed land use have been the results, the mix function is also experienced in water system between drainage system and irrigation water system in those areas. Taken Sukoharjo Regency in Central Java Indonesia as a case study, the study is aimed to investigate the integration between irrigation and drainage water system. To trace that, we undertook three analyses: 1) comparing the physical layout of both water system in practices; 2) collating and analysing Indonesia regulations on irrigation and drainage system; 3) analysing the association between 1) and 2). We identified why there is an overlap or intertwined function in the practices. This was done by elaborating the discrepancies and incompatibility through the content analysis of the regulations. The study reveals that the mix function between drainage system and irrigation water system happened because there is dualism in their regulations. This is crucial to coordinate between the provision of drainage system and irrigation water system in Indonesia regulations to prevent the occurrence of intertwined problems and steer water system management toward sustainable condition.

Preliminary study of the interaction between kejawen esoteric and wild macaques in kalisalak forest, central java-indonesia

Ethnobiology became a research trend of human-integrated biology-ethnicity to support their lives. Ethnobiology for ethnic and indigenous peoples continued to be passed down by belief in each generation—Indigenous peoples in Central Java-Indonesia, Kejawen esoteric, whose lives always coincide with ethnobiological science. A previous study reported the preliminary study of the interaction between Kejawen esoteric and wild macaques at Kalisalak Forest, Central Java-Indonesia, but it is unclear. This study is an extended version of the previous study that explains more about the human-primate interaction at Kalisalak Forest. The method used in-depth interviews with 83 householders that believed in Kejawen's esoteric faith. Ethnobiological studies discussed are in the form of ethnobotany and ethnozoology (ethnoprimatology). This study result shows that there is no visible relationship between Kejawen esotericism and the presence of wild macaques in the Kalisalak forest, as well as indigenous Kejawen esoteric really cares about the wild macaque’s population in other ways—the interaction related to supporting the biodiversity and SDGs 2030's goals.

MICROBIOTA: THE VITAL ROLE IN SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS 2030 FROM A MICROSCOPIC SCALE

The world is focusing on the 2030 SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). Various efforts have been made to implement the 2030 SDGs. Many countries have moved and are aware that the 2030 SDGs would impact the human species on earth—biodiversity is a biological wealth that must be conserved, including micro-biodiversity. Freshwater is a natural resource inhabited by microphytes. We explain the vital role of microphytes in supporting SDGs 2030 from a microscopic scale. This study shows that micro-biota can contribute to a sustainable environment, with specific cases study from Central Java-Indonesia.

The Impact of Religious Beliefs on Halal Skincare Brand Loyalty in Central Java Indonesia: The Mediating Role of Brand Love

ABSTRACT People's lifestyle changes after the Covid-19 pandemic has penetrated, increasing awareness of the importance of skin health and beauty care. Many studies have examined the relationship between brand love as a mediating variable on consumer loyalty. However, there is still little research on the context of halal brands, where many make them different from conventional brands because of restrictions in Islam. This study examines and explains the role of brand love in mediating religious beliefs on the loyalty of halal-labelled skincare brands. The number of samples in this study was 157 respondents who were Muslim consumers who use halal skincare using a purposive sampling method. The analysis technique used is Path Analysis using SmartPLS version 3. The results show that religious beliefs have a positive and significant effect on brand love and brand loyalty; besides that brand love is proven to be able to mediate the relationship between brand experience and brand loyalty. Halal skincare producers need to manage their consumer loyalty so that new consumers will be interested in buying. Keywords: religious beliefs, brand love, brand loyalty, halal skincare ABSTRAK Perubahan gaya hidup masyarakat setelah pandemi Covid-19 merambah, meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya perawatan kesehatan dan kecantikan kulit. Banyak penelitian yang meneliti hubungan antara brand love sebagai variabel mediasi terhadap loyalitas konsumen. Namun masih sedikit penelitian tentang konteks merek halal, dimana banyak yang membedakannya dengan merek konvensional karena adanya pantangan dalam Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menjelaskan peran brand love dalam memediasi pengaruh keyakinan agama terhadap loyalitas merek skincare berlabel halal. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 157 responden yang merupakan konsumen muslim yang menggunakan skincare halal dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Path Analysis dengan menggunakan SmartPLS versi 3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa religious belief berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap brand love dan brand loyalty; selain itu brand love terbukti mampu memediasi hubungan antara brand experience dan brand loyalty. Produsen halal skincare perlu mengelola loyalitas konsumennya agar konsumen baru tertarik untuk membeli. Kata Kunci: keyakinan agama, brand love, loyalitas merek, skincare halal

The Influence of Outpatients Medical Information Completeness in The Emergency Departments and Policlinics on Returning BPJS Health Claim Status

Background: Returning BPJS Health claim status required some outpatients data, therefor this study conducted to understand the medical information needed for the BPJS Health claim.Objective: The objective of this paper was returning BPJS Health claim status required some outpatients data, therefor this study conducted to understand the medical information needed for the BPJS Health claim.Methods: Retrospective analysis with quantitative approach. Variables were groups of cases in the form of confirmation from BPJS Health related to reviews on pending claim files, differentiated according to the type of case. As far as observations could be grouped into 8 confirmation groups as the theme of the cases taken 396 samples of pending claim files at XXX Hospitals Semarang Central Java Indonesia. Data collection was obtained from observations. Data analysis used quantitative analysis.Results: 16.9% were confirmation related to Z code as diagnosis, 11.1% were confirmation of secondary codes, 17.2% were confirmation of potential outpatient and inpatient care, 7.6% were system confirmation, 11.6% were confirmation related to medical support, 11.1% were confirmation regarding number of visits, 5.3% were confirmation related to medical actions, and 19.2% were other confirmations, which contains about authentication, administrative documents, patient identity.Conclusion: Completeness of medical information on outpatients from emergency departments and polyclinic of BPJS Health patients were confirmation related to Z code as diagnosis, confirmation of secondary codes, confirmation of potential outpatient and inpatient care, system confirmation, confirmation related to medical support, confirmation regarding number of visits, confirmation related to medical actions, and other confirmations.

A Case Study at a Private University of Jepara Central Java Indonesia: Examining Students' Attitudes toward Online English Teaching

The utilization of media, the nature of communication, and the learning preferences of the students can all be considered in online learning models. This study attempts to investigate how students interact with and view English classes taught online. The respondent characteristics, educational media, and student learning preferences were the main topics of the study. The study was carried out at UNISNU Central Java Indonesia, a private university. Purposive sampling techniques were used to choose the 206 students from the Faculty of Education and Teacher Training who had registered for the English II course as the population. 166 students who responded to the survey using a Google Form make up the samples. The findings indicate that the respondents favor using live or recorded video to present the topic. Classroom activities include creating videos and presentations for assignments, posting the recorded presentations to the university's online platform, and more. Online lectures continue to receive inadequate feedback from students. However, despite a number of drawbacks, online learning is still active. The leadership of the institution must also keep an eye on the implementation of this online learning so that it can be frequently evaluated.

Distributions and Determinants of Neonatal Mortality in Rembang Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia

Neonatal mortality in Rembang regency, Central Java province, has raised concerns to solve comprehensively. This study aimed to observe distributions and examine determinants of neonatal mortality in the Rembang regency. A case-control study was conducted to examine 50 cases and 50 control by the medical records in the Department of Health. There were 11 variables: parity, mother's age, gestational age, a congenital defect, neonatal sepsis, neonatal asphyxia, pregnancy complication, birth weight, labour locations, childbirth helper, and type of labour. The analysis consists of bivariate with chi-square and multivariate by logistic regression. The most frequent risk factors are gestational age (P=0.00; OR=18.4; and CI=5.04-67.00) and birth weight (P=0.00; OR=14.7 and CI=4.96-43.51), yet logistic regression found high-risk birth weight (P=0.01; aOR=5.4 and CI=1.43 – 20.34) and high-risk gestational age (P=0.03; aOR=5.8 and CI=1.22-27.59) are significant on neonatal mortality in Rembang regency, Central Java Indonesia. This finding is essential in taking policy action on safe pregnancy among high-risk women in the Rembang regency.

Anticancer activity of Indonesian Melia azedarach L.: Phyto-chemistry, in vitro and in silico studies

This study describes the isolation of bioactive compounds and their in vitro anticancer activities from Melia azedarach L leaves from Karanglor, Karangan, Karanganom Klaten, Central Java-Indonesia. Isolated and characterised were the phenolics, kaempferol 7-O-rutinoside 1 and 4-methoxyresorcinol 3, The anticancer activity of the crude methanol extract of M. azedarach against a number cell lines (LNCaP, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7) was found to be moderate; kaempferol derivatives were notable for their antiproliferative activities. Computational analysis, including molecular docking simulations and molecular dynamic studies, were used to investigate the feasibility of radiolabelled versions of 1 and 3 as theranostic agents targeting tyrosine kinase-type cell surface receptor HER2 in cancer - the iodinated derivatives 2 and 4, respectively, were used in this investigation as surrogates. The corresponding radioiodinated 2 and 4 were found to have high binding affinities of 10.1 and 5.7 kcal/mol, respectively, and have a good stability on the receptor.

Characteristic of Borrowers in Agribusiness Microfinance Institution Formed by the PUAP Program in Kendal Regency, Central Java-Indonesia

Rural Agribusiness Development gives a 100 million business fund activity to a selected farmer group association. An Agribusiness Microfinance Institution is expected to manage the fund by providing a loan to its members. The priority of business is focused on the agricultural sector. However, in its development, an Agribusiness Microfinance Institution provides loans to the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The study’s objective is to observe the characteristic of Agribusiness Microfinance Institution’s borrower in Kendal Regency, Central Java-Indonesia. Kendal Regency was selected as the survey area because a result study in 2019 showed that Kendal Regency is one area with 5 LKMAs good performance in Indonesia. The study was conducted on November 2022. Forty-nine respondents were selected purposively in the survey. The criteria of respondents were borrowing from LKMA from 2019 to 2022. Data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS. The results showed that the average respondent: age was 50 years old, getting an education for nine years, 34,7% worked as a farmer and trader, the loan amount was 5.4 million IDR, loan duration was 9.2 months, and the rate of interest per month was 1.47%. The primary respondents’ reason for borrowing from LKMA was the loan amount, interest rate, fast disbursement and ease of requirements.

The potential of local government support for climate change adaptation of lowland rice farming

Climate change has impacted the production and productivity of agricultural commodities, including rice as the main food crop. All parties must play an active role in overcoming climate change impact, coming under the local government. This study was carried out by performing focus group discussions (FGD) and filling out questionnaires to identify the potential, opportunities, and problems faced in supporting climate change adaptation. A SWOT analysis was employed by considering Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. The study was conducted in two regencies in Central Java Indonesia, namely Purworejo and Banjarnegara, where a climate change adaptation program has been initiated. Local government support is needed to get continuity of climate change adaptation. The results show that the potential of local government support for climate change adaptation should prioritize the Strength Opportunity (SO) strategy. The choice of SO strategy is based on various strengths owned by the local government and many opportunities which can still be reached by growing people’s awareness of climate change. The alternatives of local government support are providing information and appropriate innovations for climate change adaptation. Public awareness and willingness are means for successful adaptation. Physical program supports, such as infrastructure, should be equipped with non-physical programs and local regulations as reinforcement.

The relationship between religiosity, materialism, and proenvironmental behavior among consumers in Central Java (Indonesia) and Bicol Region (the Philippines)

The relationship between religiosity, materialism, and proenvironmental behavior among consumers in Central Java (Indonesia) and Bicol Region (the Philippines)

Price Fluctuation and Vertical Market Integration of Shallots in The Production Center of Central Java Indonesia

Shallots from Brebes production center are not only distributed in that region but also to all regions in Indonesia, including Beringharjo market in Yogyakarta. Therefore, this study aims (1) to analyze price fluctuations of shallots in producer and consumer markets in Brebes and Beringharjo Yogyakarta; (2) to analyze vertical market integration in Brebes and producer markets in Brebes with consumer market in Beringharjo. The data used is weekly price of shallots in producer and consumer markets in Brebes, as well as in Beringharjo during 2015-2019. Data were analyzed using the Engle Granger cointegration model. The results showed that the price of shallots in producer and consumer markets tends to fluctuate and has the same pattern of movement. Shallot price fluctuations in producer market in Brebes are higher than consumer market in Brebes and Beringharjo Yogyakarta [9]. Shallot price fluctuations between the three markets were highest in January, February and December and lowest in May and November. In the short and long term, there is weak integration between the producer market and consumer market in Brebes. In the short term there is no integration between the producer market in Brebes and consumer market in Beringharjo Yogyakarta, but in the long term there is weak market integration.

Improved Crop Management on Open-Pollinated Maize (OPV) in The High Upland of Central Java Indonesia

In the highlands of Central Java, maize remains a staple food, but low yields are common due to limited use of local varieties and cultivation techniques. To address this, a study was conducted in Bojong District, Central Java, focusing on intensified maize cultivation through improved varieties, spacing, and fertilization. On-farm experiments were carried out, comparing different treatments with recommended practices. Sukmaraga maize showed the highest yields when following suggested spacing and fertilization, outperforming local yellow and white varieties significantly. The study revealed that intensification using high-yielding varieties and proper techniques could increase maize yields by 108-172% for different varieties. For local yellow and white maize, the yield increase was about 134% and 113%, respectively. Overall, adopting high-yielding varieties and improved techniques resulted in a remarkable average yield increase of 135% compared to traditional farmer practices. This research highlights the potential to enhance maize productivity in the Central Java highlands and improve food security in the region.

Coconut and Mahogany Plants Based Soil Water Conservation at Volcanic Slopes of Central Java-Indonesia

Coconut and Mahogany Plants Based Soil Water Conservation at Volcanic Slopes of Central Java-Indonesia

Do Project Management Determine Successful Completion of Projects? A Study of Indonesian Contractors

AbstractFor a successful execution of construction projects, project owners and contractors need for a good management system capable of monitoring and evaluating progress of the project. By employing a descriptive quantitative method, this study aimed to explore project management components used by contractors in the city of Kudus, Central Java Indonesia and to find out its relation to successful completion of their projects and determine the most dominant component in the management. Data for the study were in the form of numbers collected from 100 respondents through survey. Finding of the study were then quantitatively analyzed based on our pre-determined criteria. Our findings showed successful completion of projects was very much determined by the quality of project management, including planning, organizing, actuating and controlling. Among those four components of management, organization was the most dominant aspect to influence successful execution of a project. Role of organization in the project was critical to coordinate parties by which they were enabled to supervise, optimize specialization, efficiently use the budget and build harmonious relationship among parties.Keyword: Management, Contractor, Work Quality

The Policy Integration Concept of The Mahram Relationship on Nurseling Study on Nurseling Practices in Semarang, Central Java-Indonesia

Giving breast milk is becoming more popular, whether directly or mediated by organizations supporting nursing donors. In Muslim communities, donating breast milk has implications for the relationship between the child and the nursing mother, including the mother's husband and biological children. The relationship is called the mahram relationship. Mahram in Islam is essential because it clarifies the child's lineage and the relationship between the family of the nursing mother. The objectives of this study are 1). to describe the breastfeeding donor in Semarang; 2). to describe community awareness of its implication; and 3). questions whether any policy regulates the recording of breastfeeding donor practices to track mahram relationships. This is qualitative research by exploring information from primary sources in Semarang District. Furthermore, the data, also, is gathered from relevant policy documents to strengthen argumentation and analysis. The results indicate that breastfeeding donor policies already exist in Semarang, but each institution associated with various policies moves independently in its implementation. There is no policy regarding recording the mahram relations. The absence of a clear and integrated policy has led to a tendency for people to practice breastfeeding independently without the need to carry out official recording procedures. The research offers a cross-sectoral integrated policy concept aiming to fulfill children's rights to the best food in their early life while having the right to know the clarity of their lineage.