Blood Cell Volume Research Articles

A Study to Assess the Prevalance of Anemia and the Effectiveness of Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementaton among the Adolescent Girls and Boys in the Schools in Bangalore

Anemia is defined as reduction in the volume of blood cells or in concentration of hemoglobin, below the lower limit of the normal range for the age and sex of the individual. Anemia in adolescents is very common now a days. Anemia is not a specific disease but a sign of an underlying diseases or disorders. To assess the prevalence of Anemia among adolescents. To evaluate the effectiveness of weekly Iron and Folic acid Supplementation among adolescent girls and boys in schools in Bangalore.To find out the significant association between the level of prevalence of Anemia and socio demographic variables. The research design for the study was quasi experimental design with pretest-posttest having non-equivalent control group. The study was conducted in Rajarajeshwari School in Bangalore. The subjects were selected by random number table. The data was collected through socio-demographic datasheet, clinical Proforma, checklist of anemia and intervention package. The data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. that there was a significant association between pre-test scores of experimental and control group with family monthly income and food habits whereas there was no significant association between pre-test scores of experimental and control group with mother’s education, fathers education, occupation of father and occupation of mother. Hence H3 was retained which stated that there is a significant association between the pre-test visual analogue score and the selected socio- demographic variables of both experimental and control group at p < 0.05. The study conducted that the anaemis among adolescents was high and prevention is needed before any complication developed.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of empirical and computational methods for determining volumes of blood loss in the surgical treatment of burned patients

Relevance. The problem of determining intraoperative blood loss in combustiology remains relevant today. With the variety of existing methods of its assessment, the issue of optimizing transfusion therapy remains debatable. Intention. To evaluate effects of the eschar excision area on the complete blood count and to compare results of computational methods for determining volumes of blood loss with actual volumes of blood exfusion. Methodology. 73 burned patients were included in the retrospective study. Early surgical excision with simultaneous autodermoplasty was performed in all patients. To achieve the study purposes, the intervention areas were compared with changes in hemoglobin, hematocrit, volume and number of red blood cells. The prospective study included 20 volunteers who donated 450 ml of the whole blood. In this group, donated volumes were compared with calculated volumes of blood loss (according to PG. Budny and G.D. Warden). The data obtained were processed via Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 using descriptive, parametric and nonparametric statistics. Results and Discussion. According to the retrospective analysis, actual areas of excision were not consistently related to the changes in complete blood count in the postoperative period. Based on the results of prospective analysis, we were able to reveal correlations between actual volumes of blood loss and changes in hemoglobin concentrations in somatically healthy volunteers (by PG. Budny). There were no similar correlations between volumes of blood loss and decreased hematocrit (by G.D. Warden). Conclusion. According to the results of the study, we couldn't confirm the effectiveness of empirical methods for determining volumes of blood loss in burned patients. The PG. Budny formula gives representative results of blood loss volumes in healthy volunteers. However, the effectiveness of this method in combustiology requires further research.

Erythrocyte blood indices and state of iron metabolism in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a systemic chronic disease. One of the extra-articular manifestations of JIA are hematological changes. The most common is anemia. The aim of the study was to explore the indicators of the red blood cells and the state of iron metabolism in children with JIA, depending on the form and duration of the disease. A retrospective analysis of the medical history of patients was carried out. The study of the indicators of the red blood cells consisted in determining the number of erythrocytes, the amount of hemoglobin, the ratio of the number of erythrocytes to blood volume, the average volume of erythrocytes, the average hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte, the average concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte, as well as the distribution of red blood cells along the length in the form of the difference between the largest and smallest size of red blood cells and the deviation of the volume of red blood cells from the average value. The state of iron metabolism was represented by such indicators as the content of serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, latent iron-binding capacity of blood serum, total iron-binding capacity of serum, transferrin saturation coefficient with iron. In 18.7 % of children with JIA, a decrease in hemoglobin of less than 120 g/l was noted. There was a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in the average hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte in 37.9 % of patients. As a result of the study, it was found that the decrease in the iron content in the blood serum is due not only to the true iron deficiency state, but also to the redistribution of iron reserves against the background of chronic autoimmune inflammation. In the systemic form of the disease, changes in the latent iron deficiency state are more pronounced. With a long course of the disease, normalization of red blood cell parameters occurs. The duration of the disease has no effect on ferrokinetics, which is due to the development of iron deficiency compensation against the background of ongoing treatment.

Peripheral complete blood cell count indices and serum lipid levels in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy

ABSTRACT Clinical relevance Systemic inflammation factors (e.g. white blood cells and neutrophils), high level of triglyceride and high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio have significant associations with the risk of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Background This study aimed to investigate associations of complete blood cell count-derived indicators and serum lipid levels with PCV. Methods Forty-eight patients with PCV and 54 age- and gender-matched control group participants were included in the study. Records of demographic characteristics and the results of ophthalmic examinations and haematologic parameters for the participants were collected retrospectively. Blood cell count-derived indicators and serum lipid levels were calculated and were compared between the two groups. Results The PCV group had higher white blood cell, neutrophils, triglyceride, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio levels and lower mean corpuscular volume level, compared with the control group (P = 0.002, P < 0.001, P = 0.003, P = 0.002, and P = 0.027, respectively). White blood cell, neutrophil, triglyceride, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were independent risk factors for PCV (odds ratio [OR] = 1.668, 2.324, 2.846, and 2.543, respectively; P = 0.003, P = 0.001, P = 0.005, and P = 0.004, respectively). Mean corpuscular volume was an independent protective factor against PCV (OR = 0.902; P = 0.031). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve values for white blood cell, neutrophil, triglyceride, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mean corpuscular volume was 0.656, 0.687, 0.660, 0.659, and 0.633, respectively (P< 0.05, respectively). The combined area under the curve value was 0.772 (P < 0.001). Conclusions White blood cells, neutrophils, triglycerides, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were the risk factors for PCV. Mean corpuscular volume was a protective factor against PCV. These results suggested that the combination of white blood cells, neutrophils, triglyceride, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mean corpuscular volume can be used to predict PCV.

Effect of anemia on pregnant women during the first week in Samarra city

This study deal with the effect of pregnancy on the biochemical blood characteristics, where blood samples were collected from pregnant women during the three stages of pregnancy and from married women who were not pregnant as a control group. A woman. As for married women who are not pregnant, they reached (10) women, their ages ranged between (15-40) years. The results of this study showed that blood components were affected by a pregnancy, so the number of platelets decreased significantly during the three stages of pregnancy compared with married women who were not pregnant at a significant level &lt;0.01). The results also showed a significant decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood, the number of red blood cells and the proportion of the volume of pressurized blood cells during the three stages of pregnancy compared with married women who were not pregnant at a significant level (P &lt; 0.01).

Effect of donor type on volume of blood transfusions required after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

We reviewed blood product use in 729 consecutive allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) recipients at our center to assess the volume of red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets required after allo-HCT. The median number of bags required by day 30 was 4 for RBCs (range 0-22) and 9.5 for platelets (0-53). Multivariate analysis showed that related peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) required a significantly lower RBC transfusion volume by day 30 compared to unrelated bone marrow transplantation (UBMT). PBSCT from haplo-identical related donors and cord blood transplantation (CBT) required a significantly greater RBC transfusion volume. For platelet transfusion, related and unrelated PBSCT required a significantly lower volume than UBMT, and CBT a greater volume. Other factors independently associated with greater RBC transfusion volume were male sex, disease status other than complete remission, and major ABO mismatch. For platelet transfusion, these were male sex, disease status, and HCT-specific comorbidity index of 1. Although the burden of blood transfusions may not be the most important factor when choosing a donor type, our findings may provide a foundation for nationwide strategies to prepare blood products and inform aspects of national healthcare expenditures.

Metabolomic Signatures of High Red Blood Cell Distribution Width

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) describes the amount of variation in blood cell volume and size and increases with age. Higher RDW predicts all-cause mortality, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and markers of glycemic control, such as glycosylated hemoglobin. However, mechanisms that connect high RDW with these health outcomes are unknown. Thus, identification of high risk in these patients cannot be addressed. This study aims to identify metabolites and pathways that are associated with high levels of RDW in community-dwelling older adults. Using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, we identified 1,004 cognitively normal participants (mean age: 67.1±13, 48% women, 26% black) with concurrent data on RDW and comprehensive targeted plasma metabolites by Biocrates p500. Participants were grouped into RDW quartiles (Q1:14%). Associations of metabolites with quartiles of RDW were examined using multivariable linear regression with Q1 being the reference group. Models were adjusted for age, sex, and race. Compared to Q1, Q4 had higher concentrations of SM(OH)C14:1, PC ae C30:2, and hypoxanthine, and lower concentrations of DHEAS, Cortisol, Tryptophan, and Hex2Cer(d/18:1/24:0) (all p<0.01). These metabolites are critical components of sphingolipid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. Elevated RDW was associated with metabolites derived from classes of hormones, amino acids, ceramides, sphingomyelins, PCs, and nucleobases. Individuals with elevated RDW (i.e. ≥14%) may have disrupted sphingolipid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis. These pathways can be targeted for prevention.

Relationship of Lead Exposure with Workers' Blood Pressure and Blood Components: A Case Study

Background: Lead is one of the most widely used metals in the industries and is the amplest metal element on the Earth’s crust. This metal disrupts the physiological processes of the body due to its accumulation in various tissues. The present study aimed to determining the association of lead exposure with blood pressure and blood components of the lead mine employees in Isfahan City, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 187 workers were investigated; they worked in the lead mines of Isfahan from January to April 2016. The staff was divided into two groups: one was exposed to lead and the other was the control group. The participants' general information was collected in worksheets, including age, work experience, work shift, body mass index, blood pressure, and smoking status. Sampling was carried out by active sampling using the NIOSH 7300 method. Blood samples were taken from all participants and their hematological parameters were evaluated, including red blood cell, platelet count, percent of lymphocytes, and volume of red blood cells. Results: The participants' age means were 34.06 (8.8) and 37.04 (11.48) years in the case and control groups, respectively. The time-weighted average concentration of lead in the breathing zone air of workers was 0.0533 mg/m3. The average systolic blood pressure was 12.01 (1.3) mmHg in exposed workers, while it was 11.78 (1.1) mmHg in the control group. The average diastolic blood pressure was 7.84 (0.71) mmHg in exposed workers and 7.73 (0.54) mmHg in control group. Statistical test results showed a significant difference between the case and control groups with regard to their systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P&lt;0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference was observed between the lead-exposed and non-exposed groups with regard to the hematocrit and hemoglobin levels. Conclusion: According to the results, lead exposure can cause metabolic changes in blood pressure and some of its features. Considering the importance of this issue, some preventive measures should be taken to maintain and improve the worker's health and well-being, such as increasing the workers' rest time, performing periodic examinations for them, as well as conducting safety workshops and training sessions.

Hemocytopoiesis and microelements metabolism’s indices in calves under the infl uence of national vitamin-amino-acid complex

In Ukrainian veterinary medicine the study of the eff ectiveness of new complex drugs remains relevant. The eff ect of the vitamin-mineral complex "Alphabet for Animals" on the state of hemocytopoiesis and the microelements metabolism in calves of 1.5‒2.5 months of age were studied. The composition of this drug includes the biologically active substances: vitamins A, D3, E, B1, B3, B5, B6, B12, K3 and essential amino-acids: DL-methionine, L-lysine and arginine. It is used in farm animals and poultry for the normalization of hemocytopoiesis, the prevention and treatment of vitamins and trace elements metabolism’s disorders. In the fi rst week of drug administration, the number of erythrocytes in the experimental animals group has increased signifi cantly (p&lt;0.05) and after its second feeding, the positive eff ect on erythrocytopoiesis in calves has became even greater (p&lt;0.001), compared to the calves in control group. The level of hemoglobin in calves of experimental group also increased signifi cantly from the beginning of the drug to the end of the experiment, whereas in calves of the control group there was a tendency to decrease its level throughout the all experiment. The color index and erythrocyte saturation by hemoglobin (MCH) at the fi rst and second blood samples were signifi cantly decreased (p&lt;0.05) in control calves group, whereas in animals of experimental group there was no signifi cant diff erence between these parameters (p&lt;0.1). The average volume of red blood cells did not diff er between control and test calves during the experiment (p&lt;0.1). Under the drugs infl uence the Ferum blood content in calves of experimental group increased by 24.2 %. In the control calves group, this tendency was not so noticeable (the increase of Ferum serum level at the end of experiment was only +7.8 % (p&lt;0.1), compared to the initial indices). The Zinc metabolism, on the contrary, has not undergone signifi cant changes. The Cuprum serum level in experimental calves group remained always signifi cantly higher than in control animals group. “Alphabet for Animals” has a positive eff ect on hemocytopoiesis in calves due to its complex composition (fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, aminoacids) and improves the metabolism of microelements, including Ferum and Cuprum. The infl uence on these processes the vitamins of B group, which are a part of this drug, we consider especially valuable in the conditions of the unformed rumen digestion in young cattle. Key words: vitamin-amino acid complex, erythrocytopoiesis, hypochromia, microcytosis, hemoglobin, color index, hematocrit.

PP-64 - The impact of iron deficiency on blood cell volume

PP-64 - The impact of iron deficiency on blood cell volume

Железодефицитные синдромы в клинической онкологии и их коррекция препаратами нутритивного действия

In the literature there is little information about the occurrence of dielectrolytes with inadequately selected parenteral-enteral correction. This fully applies to the correction of iron deficiency in colorectal cancer (CRC). Material and methods. On examination were 51 patients with CRC (T3N1M0 and T4N0M1) and iron deficiency of various severity. Nutritional status was assessed by the parameters of a known alimentary-volemic diagnosis (AED). Iron deficiencies resulting from chronic blood loss were assessed by the content of serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, the level of Hb and Ht, the number and average volume of red blood cells, and the average content of Hb in the red blood cell. The control group consisted of 10 patients with iron-deficient anemia. Results. One of the components of the AVD is the determination of electrolyte deficiencies, including gland. With a deficit of free iron in plasma up to 11%, a decrease in hemoglobin level and Ht, a slight decrease in the number of erythrocytes and normal parameters of ferritin, the average volume of erythrocyte and the content of Hb in it were sufficient nutritive correction mixtures containing 3.0-3.5 mg of iron in 100 g dry product. With a higher iron deficiency, additional parenteral administration of its drugs was required: as part of the nutritional correction, as a pharmacological supplement, supplements were injected with non-sorbed or sorbed iron on a special matrix (ironMatrix), which guaranteed the stability of the iron complex and its controlled release in the body. At the same time, sorbed iron provided a higher safety (no complications were observed in any of the studies. with the administration of non-sorbed iron in 2 cases, there were unpleasant sensations in the heart area, in the right hypochondrium, resembling signs of iron overload (ferritin could increase to 1340 mg), stopped, however, only by the administration of a hepatoprotector and 0.9% of the sodium chloride solution without the additional use of an antidote. Conclusion. For the sake of safety of iron deficiency correction (prevention of toxic-metabolic complications) when conducting a comprehensive nutritional correction in patients with CRC complicated by mild chronic anemia with iron deficiency not more than 11%, it is advisable to use drugs containing iron (3-3.5 mg per 100 g of dry product), and in case of a pronounced shortage of it, supplement the nutritional support with parenteral preparations of sorbed iron under the control of the parameters of iron metabolism.

Nietypowy obraz hemoglobinopatii współistniejącej z talasemią β

Introduction. Inherited hemoglobin disorders, including thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies, are frequently occurring diseases in the world. Thalassemias are autosomal recessive disorders of hemoglobin synthesis. Underlying molecular defects in the α-globin or β-globin gene clusters form the basis of defective hemoglobin synthesis and the various inherited forms of α- halasemias or β-thalasemias. Thalassemia is diagnosted where hemoglobin levels, volume of red blood cells (MCV) and mean cellular hemoglobin (MCH) are significantly reduced. Aim. We want to introduce atypical clinical falieure of hemoglobinopathy. Material and methods. We presented two children with anemia. In first case it was a boy with normal MCV and reduced MCH, next case it was a girl after splenectomy with increased MCV and MCH. In both cases the red cells were hypochromic and also target cells were present in peripheral blood smear. Hemoglobin electrophoresis, measurement of HbA2 and HbF levels were performed. Results. Test results were characteristic for thalasemia β. Extending the diagnostic panel with genetic tests helped to identify in both of children thalassemia α silience carrier (-α/αα). In first case unstabile hemoglobin Hb Köln (Codon 98(295G &gt; A)) was also detected and in second unstabile hemoglobin Hb Bruxelles (deletions del 42/β+). Conclusion. Only the genetic tests made it possible to explain atypical blood smear for thalassemia.

Improvements in blood transfusion management: cross-sectional data analysis from nine hospitals in Zhejiang, China

BackgroundSince 2008, updated perioperative blood management (PoBM) guidelines have been implemented in Zhejiang, China. These guidelines ensure that the limited blood resources meet increasing clinical needs and patient safety requirements. We assessed the effects of implementing updated PoBM guidelines in hospitals in Zhejiang, China.MethodsWe performed a retrospective multicenter study that included adult patients who received blood transfusions during surgical care in the years 2007 and 2011. The volume of allogeneic red blood cells or autologous blood transfusions (cell salvage and acute normovolemic hemodilution [ANH]) for each case was recorded. The rates of performing appropriate pre-transfusion assessments during and after surgery were calculated and compared between the 2 years.ResultsWe reviewed 270,421 cases from nine hospitals. A total of 15,739 patients received blood transfusions during the perioperative period. The rates of intraoperative allogeneic transfusion (74.8% vs. 49.9%, p < 0.001) and postoperative transfusion (51.9% vs. 44.2%, p < 0.001) both decreased from 2007 to 2011; the rates of appropriate assessment increased significantly during (63.0% vs. 78.0%, p < 0.001) and after surgery (70.6% vs. 78.4%, p < 0.001). The number of patients who received cell salvage or ANH was higher in 2011 (27.6% cell salvage; 9.3% ANH) than in 2007 (6.3% cell salvage; 0.1% ANH).ConclusionContinuing education and implementation of updated PoBM guidelines resulted in significant improvements in the quality of blood transfusion management in hospitals in Zhejiang, China.

Massive Hemorrhages in Pregnant Women with Placenta Previa and Accreta: a Transfusiologist’s View

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate volumes of blood loss and infusion and transfusion therapy during Cesarean section in pregnant women with placenta previa and accreta.Material and methods Тhe study group consisted of 15 patients with placenta previa and accreta. The delivery period was 32–36 weeks. We used clinical and laboratory techniques and special methods of investigation. The analysis of pregnancy course, bleeding volumes, infusion and transfusion therapy, hemostasis system parameters and hemogram was carried out.Results Тhe mean age of pregnant women was 33.8±4.3 years. All pregnant women underwent fundal Cesarean section. In 80% of women, we performed Cesarean section and metroplasty. In 20% of women, Cesarean section and hysterectomy were performed. The volume of intraoperative blood loss ranged from 750 ml to 6,000 ml and averaged 2,471.4±1,528.5 ml. The volumes of crystalloid solutions were 1,361.53±1,052.40 of Sterofundin, and 688.4±123.5 ml of other solutions. In 80% of patients, Gelofusine was administered (969.66±351.86 ml on the average), as well as Geloplasma (620.8±124.8 ml on the average). The volume of HES solutions 6% 130/04 was 744.4±120.45 ml on the average. FFP in the amount of 1,526.7±762.83 ml was transfused to 60% of women. The mean dose of tranexamic acid was 2.6±0.84 g. The factor rFVIIa was administered in three patients in the dose of 90 mcg/kg. Prothrombin complex concentrate 1200 IU was administered in three patients. The volume of reinfused autoerythrocytes was 793.7±424.17 ml on the average. The volume of donor red blood cells during the operation amounted to 775.12±120.2 ml.Conclusion Pregnant patients with placenta previa and accrete represent a high-risk group for the development of massive coagulopathic bleeding and postoperative complications. These patients should deliver on a routine basis at the high-tech institutions of obstetric care. The adequate, timely infusion and transfusion maintenance of surgical intervention with this pathology, using modern blood-saving technologies, transfusion of sufficient volumes of blood components, inhibitors of fibrinolysis, coagulation factors, modern balanced crystalloid and colloidal solutions plays a important role in implementation of organpreserving tactics.

PO-283 Correlation Analysis between Blood Cell Viability, Five Elements and Competition Performance of Elite Men’s Rowers

Objective To observe the national elite male rowers blood, red blood cell activity and serum copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium and iron content of the five elements, and compared with the ordinary people. Aimed to investigate the between athletes, athletes and ordinary differences between the two sets of indicators and to explore the impact of element contents in red blood cell activity and five factors. Trying to bring two sets of indicators and specific combining ability, used in training on the monitoring function, and for the future to provide some references for further study.&#x0D; Methods It was included 22 athletes and 22 ordinary men, as the research object, in the collection of blood, measuring red blood cell activity in the blood content of the five elements, simultaneous measurement of physical indicators , will be doing all the data at the differences between the two groups compared to the group to do correlation analysis. The recent record of 2000m, 6000m rowing Dynamometer test results, and red blood cell activity associated with the five elements of content analysis.&#x0D; Results 1. Athletes indicators related to aerobic exercise were significantly higher than ordinary people. The white blood cells of athletes group were average.It shows that athletes have high aerobic capacity, while white blood cells are more stable than normal people.&#x0D; &#x0D; The members of the national rowing men's iron, magnesium content was significantly higher than ordinary group, the iron content is higher than the normal reference value; blood calcium levels were significantly lower than ordinary people, and lower than the normal reference value.&#x0D; The total number of red blood cells and the number of living cells was very significant positive correlation in two groups subjects; Red blood cell activity and red blood cell diameter is proportional, and red blood cell roundness in inverse proportion to the relationship; from this experiment a special ability to see red blood cell activity and there is no correlation.&#x0D; In both groups, hemoglobin was positively correlated with iron content, while iron was positively correlated with copper content.&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusions 1. Increasing the number and volume of red blood cells can effectively increase the activity of red blood cells; red blood cell activity has no correlation with specific ability, and can not be used as an indicator to determine specific ability.&#x0D; &#x0D; The content of iron and magnesium in rowers is higher than that in ordinary people, which indicates that the adjustment of aerobic capacity and nerve control is very effective. The lower calcium content indicates that the injury caused by calcium loss should be prevented and the urgency of calcium supplementation should be emphasized.&#x0D; In training, we should pay attention to increasing hemoglobin content and aerobic capacity by supplementing iron. We can further consider the effect of supplementing copper to promote iron supplementation.&#x0D;

The research of hemoglobin mass on athletic biological passport for blood doping detection

To research the changes of blood parameters on different time points after micro-rHuEPO injection on young men and hope to provide evidences for Athletic Biological Passport (ABP) using in the detection of blood doping. Fourteen health young men were injected with micro-rHuEPO for 7 weeks, twice per one week.The subjects were treated with ferralia 105 mg every day during the injections.The control group was administrated with the same volume of saline solution injection and placebo 105 mg.The blood parameters (red blood cell, hemoglobin, reticulocyte, total hemoglobin, plasma volume, etc) were tested 11 times (7 days before the first injection, 3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38 and 45 days after the first injection, 1, 2 and 3 weeks post the seventh week of last injection).By analyzed these total and concentration parameters, hope to know the effective of two kinds of parameters on ABP. The levels of RBC and[Hb] were increased sharply after two weeks of injection and reached the peak in 5-6 weeks (9-10%, P<0.01).It sustained till 3 weeks after the last injection.Total hemoglobin was increased significantly during the whole procedure of injections and reached the peak in week 5 (10%, P<0.01) till 1 week after the last injection.Red blood cell volume was increased with the EPO injection and reached the peak in week 5 (P<0.01), but blood volume wasn't increased significantly.Plasma volume was decreased with EPO injection and it was hemoconcentration. It can enhance the total and concentration parameters through 7-week micro-rHuEPO injections and the total haemoglobin is more sensitive.So tHb can be used to detect blood doping in ABP.At the end of the last injection, the total blood parameters, such as the total hemoglobin, returned to normal, while the concentration index remained highly, possibly as a result of blood concentration.

Nationwide survey of severe postpartum hemorrhage in Japan: an exploratory study using the national database of health insurance claims

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate epidemiological and clinical aspects of severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in Japan.Methods: We used national health insurance claims from 2011 to 2014 provided by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The data included randomly selected claims that covered 10% of all inpatients in October, a so-called sampling dataset (covering 1/120 inpatients per year). We extracted claims for transfused blood, and further narrowed down the claims by names of diseases linked to PPH. As most referral obstetric facilities have adopted the diagnosis procedure combination (DPC)-based payment system while small-scale obstetric facilities have not (non-DPC facilities), the claims were also analyzed separately for DPC and non-DPC facilities. We assessed the incidence and causes of PPH, transfusion volume of red blood cells (RBC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and surgical hemostatic management.Results: The number of PPH cases that required blood transfusion in the sampling dataset was 29, 29, 32, and 36 in 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. The leading cause of PPH was uterine atony followed by placental abruption. Although no specific trends were observed for the volume of transfused RBC (1467 ± 234 ml in 2014), there was a steady increase in the rate of FFP utilization in non-DPC facilities from 37% to 79% over the 4-year sampling period. Intrauterine balloon tamponade emerged in 2014.Conclusion: This nationwide survey indicates that the annual incidence of severe PPH is increasing. Furthermore, FFP has become more prevalent in small-scale obstetric facilities.

Anemia and its relationship with socio-demographic data and dietary habits in young Emirati athletes

Introduction: An appropriate diet is crucial for performance development and recovery in athletes. An insufficient nutrient intake diet can lead to health disorders like anemia. Anemia, which is defined as a low level of Hemoglobin in the blood and low volume of red blood cells, Anemia is common in athletes, especially in those performing endurance exercise, and can lead to severe consequences, especially in young individuals and it is associated with decreased athletic performance as well as limited concentration. So far, there is no data in young Emirati athletes on anemia, its prevalence and related factors. Aim: To determine the prevalence of anemia in young Emirati athletes and to identify related factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted. 59 male soccer players aged from 13 to18 years were recruited from Al Jazira Academic sports clubs in the United Arab Emirates. Blood tests results were obtained from the medical file of each participant, which include a complete blood count (CBC) among which the level of Hemoglobin (HgB), Hematocrit (HcT), and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV). Socio-demographic data were collected by using a questionnaire. Dietary habits were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Both questionnaires were administered in groups under the supervision of a trained interviewer. The software SPSS version 23 was used to conduct data analysis. Data are described as mean ± s.d. or percentage (%) as appropriate. Results: 33.33% of the sample has low HgB. In those athletes, both HcT and MCV are at the inferior limit of the normal range. Also, there is a significant relationship between athlete's mother education level and Meat group (P-value&lt;0.01) where when the mother's educations level increase the meat and meat consumption for the athlete’s increase. A significant relation between cereal Group and HgB (P-value=0.01) was found. There was no significant relationship between neither HgB, HcT nor MCV with meat consumption in the whole sample and in below HgB athletes. Conclusion: The implication of this finding is that some athletes are considered to have anemia, low blood results then it is desirable for soccer players, this may be related to a poor dietary iron intake.

Study of dielectric properties of leukocytes for the determination of malignancy by capacitive type MEMS sensor

The present work deals with a non-clinical scheme to develop a system-on-chip for the detection and identification of the malignant cells in a known volume of white blood cells (WBC) using MEMS capacitive sensor. In presence of cancerous cells, the sensor produces a change in the value of capacitance which reflects a significant variation of dielectric permittivity. For this purpose, a double shell electrical model of WBC is designed and analyzed in frequency range 20 kHz–10 MHz due to the polarization of cell membrane. The polarization is induced using electroporation process where the plasma membrane of the blood cell is polarized to a membrane potential of about 0.5–1 V with a supply of 1 V which makes cell membrane semi permeable for the exchange of ions, thus producing change in dielectric permittivity. In order to determine the change in dielectric permittivity, an electrostatic MEMS capacitive sensor is virtually fabricated with a pair of rectangular electrodes in which the second electrode is further divided into four sub-plates in same plane. This change in permittivity results in change of output capacitance, finally differentiate a malignant cell from a normal one.

Alteration in blood parameters of Clarias gariepinus sub-adults exposed to atrazine herbicide

Clarias gariepinus is an important commercial fish with high acceptable eating qualities for both producers and consumers. Its blood parameters were examined because of the importance of blood to the health of animals. Ten C. gariepinus sub-adults from a parent population of weight 76.26±0.92 g and standard length of 22.50±61 cm were exposed to different concentrations of Atrazine, a pre-emergence and soil active herbicide in triplicates. A range finding and definitive tests were carried out to observed biological and behavioural parameters, including erratic swimming; air gulping, ulcerations, operculation, discoloration and death. Physico-chemical parameters (dissolved oxygen concentration, pH and conductivity) and haematological parameters (haemoglobin concentration, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration and pack cell volume were not significantly different between treatments (p&gt;0.05) while red blood cell, white blood cell and mean corpuscle volume were significantly different between the control and the treatments (p&lt;0.05). Conductivity did not vary significantly with Atrazine concentration, dissolved oxygen and pH varied significantly but was within the range for fish survival. Mortalities observed might have been due to influence of the chemical, biological and haematological characteristics of the fish.Keywords: Atrazine, haematology, biological and behavioural parameters, Clarias gariepinus