A readily interpretable rule involving multiple forms of pairwise molecule comparisons with applications for clinical make-decision of breast cancer management.

Blood-based biomarkers offer a widely available, scalable, and noninvasive method to study neurodegeneration. However, the association between blood-based biomarkers of neurodegeneration and long-term risk of mortality, as well as dementia-specific mortality in a racially diverse cohort, remains understudied. The goal of this study was to determine whether baseline biomarkers of neurodegeneration are associated with long-term risk of all-cause and dementia-specific mortality in a biracial cohort. The REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke cohort study enrolled 30,239 Black and White participants across the continental United States from 2003 to 2007, with ongoing follow-up. Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL), total tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) were measured in baseline plasma from a random sample of participants. All-cause mortality, dementia-specific mortality, cardiovascular-specific mortality, and other causes of death were adjudicated and classified using medical records, the Social Security Death Index, and the National Death Index. Cause-specific Cox regression models accounting for competing risks were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) of outcomes for each biomarker separately. A total of 917 participants had a mean baseline age of 67.4 years (SD 12.1), 49.4% were female, and 48.6% self-identified as Black. With a mean follow-up of 11.1 (SD 5.7) years, 51.0% (477/935) of participants died and 9.2% experienced dementia-specific mortality (86/935). No associations were observed for total tau. In fully adjusted models for other biomarkers, HRs of all-cause mortality per standard deviation increments were 1.93 (95% CI 1.48-2.52) for GFAP, 1.90 (95% CI 1.55-2.32) for NfL, and 1.23 (95% CI 1.09-1.37) for UCH-L1. Furthermore, GFAP (HR 5.66, 95% CI 2.91-11.00) and NfL (HR 2.72, 95% CI 1.57-4.71) were associated with dementia-specific mortality in fully adjusted models. GFAP (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.22-3.49) and NfL (HR 2.16, 95% CI 1.66-2.81) were also associated with cardiovascular-specific mortality in fully adjusted models. Plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration, particularly GFAP and NfL, were associated with increased risk of all-cause, dementia-specific, and cardiovascular-specific mortality in a biracial cohort. These associations should be considered when assessing links between these biomarkers and other outcomes, as well as when used in clinical practice.

Lysosomal trafficking markers covering PSAP, PGRN, SORT1 and LRP1 in body liquids and cerebral tissue as auxiliary indicative tool of traumatic brain injury.

Infants who are HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) are at greater risk of death compared with infants who are HIV-unexposed, particularly in the first 6 months of life. We investigated the causes of death (CoD) of HEU and HIV-unexposed infants using postmortem minimally invasive tissue sampling. This prospective, observational study enrolled decedents less than 6 months of age at a secondary-tertiary level care hospital in Soweto, South Africa. The minimally invasive tissue sampling included needle core-biopsy sampling for histopathology of brain, lung and liver tissue. Microbiologic culture and/or molecular tests were performed on lungs, liver, blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Underlying, immediate and antecedent CoD were determined by a multidisciplinary team of medical experts. The median age (9 [interquartile range 3, 30] vs. 8 [interquartile range 3, 22] days) and sex distribution (female 58.5% vs. 47.9%) were similar between HEU (n = 65) and HIV-unexposed (n = 119) decedents. A larger proportion of HEU decedents (60%, 39/65) compared with HIV-unexposed decedents (44.5%, 53/119; P = 0.045) had preterm birth as an underlying CoD. Among HEU infants compared with HIV-unexposed infants, sepsis was attributed as an immediate or antecedent cause of death in 46.2% (30/65) versus 36.1% (43/119), respectively. Of the 30 HEU infants with sepsis, 76.7% (23/30) were classified as presumed hospital acquired, most commonly associated with Acinetobacter baumannii (56.5% [13/23]) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.0% [3/23]). Similarly, among HIV-unexposed infants with sepsis (n = 43), 72.3% (31/43) were classified as presumed hospital acquired, with A. baumannii (38.9% [12/31]) and K. pneumoniae (38.9% [12/31]) as the predominant pathogens. Pneumonia was attributed as an immediate or antecedent cause of death in 32.3% (21/65) of HEU and 36.1% (43/119) of HIV-unexposed infants. Among those with pneumonia, presumed hospital-acquired pneumonia was identified in 47.6% (10/21) of HEU and 72.1% (31/43) of HIV-unexposed infants (P = 0.035), most frequently due to A. baumannii (50.0% [5/10] HEU; 41.9% [13/31] HIV-unexposed) and K. pneumoniae (30.0% [3/10] HEU; 19.4% [6/31] HIV-unexposed). Presumed community-acquired pneumonia was identified in 52.4% (11/21) of HEU and 27.9% (12/43) of HIV-unexposed infants (P = 0.035). The predominant community-acquired pathogens were respiratory syncytial virus (36.4% [4/11] HEU; 25.0% [3/12] HIV-unexposed) and K. pneumoniae (36.4% [4/11] HEU; 8.3% [1/12] HIV-unexposed). Our study highlights preterm birth as an important underlying CoD among HEU and HIV-unexposed decedents. There was a larger proportion of presumed community-acquired pneumonia deaths in HEU compared with HIV-unexposed decedents. Further research is warranted to explore these differences and develop effective preventive strategies.

Solving a cold case through scientific evidence.

Association between Heterakis dispar infections and concurrent diseases in reproductive geese: A retrospective necropsy study.

Fabry disease cardiomyopathy: A practical guide for cardiologists.

Introduction: Suicide is a major global public health concern and the fourth leading cause of death among individuals aged 15-29. In Turkey, the crude suicide rate has shown a consistent increase in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients presenting to the pediatric emergency department following non-violent suicide attempts, and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: In this prospective study, patients under 18 years presenting with nonviolent suicide attempts were included. Data collected comprised demographic and clinical features, psychiatric history of children and families, family dynamics, and substance use. Standardized tools used included the Family Assessment Device-Communication subscale, Adolescent Friendship Attachment Scale, Parenting Style Scale, and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. Results: Of 101 patients (82.2% female; mean age 15.5 ± 1.3 years), 44.6% used their own medications, most frequently nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (19.6%). Psychiatric diagnoses were identified in 31.6%, prior suicide attempts in 43.6%, and tobacco/alcohol use in 35.5%. Poor family communication was observed in 73.3% of families, and authoritarian parenting in 35.6%. Substance use was found to predict recurrent suicidal ideation, while previous attempts and poor family communication predicted greater severity of suicidal ideation (OR = 3.093; p = 0.025), (OR = 4.267; p = 0.003), (OR = 3.218; p = 0.011). Conclusion: Adolescents with substance use, prior suicide attempts, and poor family communication are at significantly increased risk for severe or recurrent suicidal ideation.

The Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) guides organ allocation but blends donor and recipient influences, potentially misclassifying organ quality and contributing to inequity. We developed the Equitable Donor Assessment Model (EDAM), a donor-focused index that isolates intrinsic graft-failure risk independent of recipient survival. Using the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) data (2010-2020; N = 122,646), we modeled death-censored graft failure with death as a competing event using Fine-Gray regression. Donor coefficients were adjusted for recipient and transplant covariates-including human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatch and ischemia time-to derive donor-specific subhazard ratios (SHRs) for the EDAM score. Performance was evaluated using Harrell's C-index and internal-external cross-validation across 5 geography-aligned US super-regions. Higher donor age, diabetes, hypertension, stroke as cause of death, proteinuria, cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity, and elevated creatinine independently increased graft-failure risk. EDAM demonstrated robust discrimination (C-index = 0.69) and excellent calibration across US regions (pooled slope = 1.02; intercept = -0.002). Stratification into 5 data-driven categories showed a graded rise in cumulative incidence of graft failure (Gray's P < 0.05). Nearly half of kidneys classified as moderate-to-high KDPI (≥ 0.20) were reclassified as low-risk by EDAM (< 0.80) and achieved identical 10-year graft survival to conventional KDPI < 0.20 organs. EDAM provides an equitable, donor-centric framework for assessing kidney quality. Although these categorical thresholds were derived in a data-driven manner within the US system and require external validation in international cohorts, EDAM's ability to safely expand the low-risk pool without compromising outcomes suggests it could significantly refine allocation policy and enhance fairness in kidney transplantation.

Cardiovascular disease as a contributing cause of cancer mortality: A population-based analysis of United States death certificate data (1999-2020).

Artificial Intelligence in Tuberculosis Imaging: A Global Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends and Collaborations.

Association of biological age markers with stroke prevalence: Insights from a cross-sectional study.

Mineralized bone matrix attenuates breast cancer cell malignancy by altering MSC mechanoregulation.

Right ventricular dysfunction is a critical predictor of mortality, often progressing to right heart failure, contributing to 3%-9% of heart failure admissions. Acute right heart failure is the primary cause of death in conditions such as right ventricular myocardial infarction and massive pulmonary embolism. Mechanical circulatory support with right ventricular assist devices (RVADs) has become essential in managing both acute and chronic right heart failure. Such devices provide hemodynamic support by assisting the failing right ventricle. This review outlines the mechanisms, clinical indications, and complications of these RVADs. Chest radiography and echocardiography are the primary modalities used for confirming the correct positioning of these devices, and CT is useful for evaluating intra- and extracardiac complications. These imaging modalities are vital for identifying complications and ensuring optimal device performance. As the use of RVADs grows, radiology's role in optimizing outcomes will continue to expand. Keywords: Right Ventricle, Cardiac Assist Devices, Conventional Radiography, CT, Echocardiography Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2026.

Evidence suggests that ionizing radiation increases the risk of dementia, but data are limited for those chronically exposed to low doses (<100 millisieverts (mSv)). We addressed this gap by investigating associations between cumulative low-dose radiation exposure and dementia mortality among nuclear power plant (NPP) workers. Our study cohort comprised Canadian NPP workers monitored for radiation exposure between 1950 and 2018, with mortality follow-up extending through 2020. Dementia deaths were identified through record linkage to national mortality data and based on underlying or contributing causes of death. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were derived to compare mortality in the workers to the Canadian population. We used Poisson regression and fit linear excess relative risk models to describe the shape of the exposure-response relationship between cumulative radiation (lagged 10 years) and dementia mortality. Among 97,250 NPP workers, there were 1,458,299 person-years of follow-up. The mean whole-body lifetime accumulated exposure at the end of follow-up was 9.8mSv. In total, there were 235 deaths with dementia listed as the underlying cause, and 450 when the definition was expanded to include contributing causes. Relative to the Canadian population, NPP workers had a reduced mortality rate of dementia (SMR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.76). We found some evidence that exposure to ionizing radiation was associated with an increased risk of dementia mortality, but no statistically significant linear dose-response relationship (ERR/100mSv=0.010; 95% CI: -0.227, 0.247). Spline analyses suggested a non-linear dose-response relationship. We found modest evidence that low-dose radiation exposure is associated with increased risks of dementia mortality. These findings should be interpreted cautiously, given that they differ from those found when we modelled dementia as an incident outcome in a cohort that included many of these same workers. Taken together, our findings highlight limitations of using death data to identify etiological risk factors for dementia.

Street-level ambient fine particulate matter and tuberculosis: A machine learning and Bayesian spatiotemporal analysis.

Lethal trajectory: a case of fatal injury from an accidentally projected metal fragment.

First confirmation of Brachycladium atlanticum as aetiological agent of pulmonary pathologies in a common dolphin (Delphinus delphis).

Designing a machine learning model for predicting cardiovascular events using the triglyceride-glucose index: a cohort study.

Experimental adaptation of pigeon rotavirus A (pRVA) in human colorectal cancer cells reveals interferon-driven host responses and immune checkpoint modulation.