This study aims to analyze the role of the Batam’s Satpol PP in handling buskers, vagrants and beggars from an administrative law perspective. The study focuses on operational actions, cross-agency coordination patterns, and implementation constraints that affect the sustainability of enforcement outcomes in public spaces. The study employed a qualitative approach with a case study strategy. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field observations, and reviews of policy and administrative documents, analyzed using thematic analysis, strengthening trustworthiness through source and technique triangulation, audit trails, and adequate context descriptions. The results indicate that enforcement practices in Batam utilize a hybrid enforcement pattern, combining persuasive approaches, administrative actions, and situational enforcement according to the field context. Satpol PP plays a crucial role as a liaison between agencies, but its long-term effectiveness is limited by inconsistent referral channels, varying social service capacity, and a weak post-enforcement follow-up mechanism. The findings emphasize that the success of enforcement is not solely measured by the immediate restoration of order, but rather by the legality of actions, procedural proportionality, quality of coordination, and the sustainability of social impacts. The research contributes to strengthening administrative law studies by showing that effective handling requires integration between norm enforcement, social protection, and the design of more institutionalized cross-agency collaboration.

Study objective: The purpose of this research is to analyze the organizational, cultural, and community factors that have influenced the development of the Coletivo Bordando Resistência in the quilombola community of Alto Alegre (Horizonte, Ceará), examining the context in which the social enterprise originated, the social actors involved, the sustainability strategies adopted, and the ways in which challenges are addressed. Methodology/approach: The research employs a qualitative and descriptive approach, using a single case study strategy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six members of the collective, and data were analyzed using Content Analysis techniques. Main results: The findings indicate that the collective has a significant impact on identity reinforcement, appreciation of quilombola culture, and income generation for women in vulnerable contexts. Relevance/originality: The study addresses a theoretical gap by exploring the intersection of social entrepreneurship, quilombola culture, and female autonomy, offering a situated and interdisciplinary perspective on practices of resistance and empowerment. Theoretical/methodological contributions: The study contributes to the field of social entrepreneurship by presenting an empirical case that integrates symbolic, cultural, and economic dimensions. Methodologically, it proposes analytical categories that may be applied in other community entrepreneurship contexts. Social/managerial contributions: The research underscores the importance of quilombola women's leadership in building solidarity networks, preserving collective memory, and fostering sustainable development. It also emphasizes the need for public policies and institutional recognition to strengthen such initiatives.

The provision of appropriate Complementary Feeding (CF) for toddlers aged 6-24 months is important to support optimal growth, prevent stunting, and meet nutritional needs during the golden period. However, challenges such as lack of family support and psychological pressure, including pressure from in-laws who prohibit the provision of animal protein because they worry the toddler will smell fishy, so the mother is only allowed to give clear vegetable soup and tempeh, making it an obstacle in the process of providing CF. This study aims to understand the struggles of gen Z mothers' against traditional myths in providing CF to toddlers aged 6-24 months, including challenges, family support, and efforts to overcome obstacles, to improve CF practices and prevent stunting. Using a qualitative research design with a case study strategy. Data collection employed semi-structured interviews with main participants Mrs. R (mother) and Mr. R (father). Participant selection used purposive sampling based on inclusion-exclusion criteria. Data were collected, recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically. Data validity was validated through source triangulation. This study identified 7 themes: 1). Consistency in providing CF; 2). Challenges in providing CF; 3). Emotional feelings; 4). High maternal knowledge about CF; 5). Family support; 6). Efforts made to overcome faced challenges; 7). Success in physical growth and toddler development changes. Despite psychological barriers, support from the nuclear family, especially the husband, enables successful positive growth changes such as increased toddler weight. This study emphasizes the importance of family support, stress management, and health education to improve CF practices for preventing stunting

Infrastructure projects are often tied to political agendas, leading to community skepticism and opposition. This study explores how changes in the political system influenced engagement between project opposers and project promoters. Using a qualitative research approach and a case study strategy, archival data related to the prematurely terminated Bisri Dam megaproject in Lebanon were collected and analyzed. Results show that deepened division among political parties (configuration of power) and a wider distribution of power among project opposers (formal institutional structure) intensified opposition, leading to project cancellation. This study highlights the importance of considering a broad political perspective in project stakeholder engagement to improve megaproject outcomes from a socially sustainable standpoint.

Digital transformation in higher education has become a strategic issue that requires institutional readiness to integrate technology into academic management and educational services. This study aims to analyze the level of readiness of higher education institutions, identify the influencing factors, and describe the implementation and challenges of digital transformation in higher education management. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study strategy, utilizing data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, which are analyzed using triangulation techniques and thematic coding. The findings indicate that digital transformation readiness is determined by three main dimensions, namely technological infrastructure, human resource competence, and organizational culture, which collectively influence the effectiveness of digital system implementation. In addition, the study reveals that the primary challenges include limited financial resources, low digital literacy, and resistance to change. This research contributes to strengthening a multidimensional perspective on digital transformation and offers practical implications for higher education administrators in designing more adaptive, integrated, and sustainable digitalization strategies.

ABSTRACT This study explores the impact of an international, interprofessional online masterclass on wound care for health students from five countries. The aim was to evaluate students’ knowledge, confidence, and attitudes toward interprofessional education (IPE) and collaborative care in wound management. A descriptive quantitative design was employed, utilizing pre- and post-masterclass surveys to assess participants’ confidence in various aspects of wound care and their perceptions of teamwork in healthcare. Participants from nursing, medicine, and allied-health disciplines were included. The masterclass incorporated a case study, risk factors, and management strategies for wounds, delivered through an online platform with collaborative activities. Findings indicated improvements in students’ confidence in wound assessment, management, and prevention in all wound types, dressings, and wound beds. Additionally, attitudes toward IPE showed positive shifts, with students valuing collaborative teamwork, role understanding, and person-centered care. Despite challenges, such as time-zone differences and limited exposure time, the study highlights the potential of IPE to enhance students’ clinical practice and prepare them for multidisciplinary collaboration in wound care. These results suggest the possibility of incorporating IPE into healthcare curricula and emphasize the need for further research exploring long-term effect in wound care outcomes.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides life support for critically ill tuberculosis (TB) patients. However, during ECMO therapy, significant fluctuations in the plasma concentration of anti-TB drugs occur due to drug adsorption in the ECMO circuit, hemodilution, and metabolic disturbances. This single-case study monitored the plasma concentration of anti-TB drugs in a TB patient supported by ECMO. The differences in peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) measured at the end of ECMO support vs. 7 days after ECMO withdrawal were as follows: isoniazid (66%), linezolid (63%), ethambutol (56%), and levofloxacin (12%). We analyzed ECMO's impact on drug concentrations and implemented therapeutic drug monitoring to optimize therapy. However, this single-case study has inherent limitations; future multi-center studies are warranted to validate these findings.

The present article proposes to observe how the process of corporatization of the world influences University-Industry relations, mediated by the Secretariat of Innovation of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (SINOVA), favoring a reconfiguration of the University's role. These relations are maintained and encouraged as central and necessary for the promotion of innovation and the country's development. This is a qualitative study, of a descriptive-interpretive nature, that adopts the case study strategy. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis technique, based on materials collected from UFSC's institutional portals and an interview with a former SINOVA management member. The results indicate a clear direction for the Secretariat, guided by corporate logics, models, and discourses, highlighting the centrality of the company as the hegemonic organizational form. This configuration reveals a significant change in how the university's role is understood, whose knowledge becomes treated as a market-oriented commodity, limiting its socialization, its transdisciplinary dimension, and generating potential conflicts of interest within the academic environment.

The financial services sector in South Africa faces unprecedented challenges regarding employee retention, with high turnover rates threatening organisational sustainability and competitive advantage. Increasingly flexible employment has resulted in more casual labor, often characterized by deficient decent work practices like poor remuneration, which disfavor successful employee retention. This research aimed to understand perceptions of how decent work affects employee retention in a South African financial services institution. The ILO encapsulates decent work as productive employment characterized by equity, freedom, human dignity and security. Understanding how decent work perceptions affect retention is essential for organisations seeking to develop evidence-based strategies for effective talent management and sustainable organisational development in an increasingly challenging labor market. A qualitative approach and case study strategy allowed us to explore participants' lived experiences regarding how decent work affects retention in the selected South African financial services institution. Purposive sampling was employed and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 employees from various departments within the organisation explored. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Four perceptions of decent work were developed including security-based perceptions, emphasizing employment stability; relationship-centred perceptions, focusing on supportive management and workplace relationships; compensation and recognition-focused perceptions, highlighting fair remuneration and acknowledgement; and development and growth-oriented perceptions, emphasizing professional advancement opportunities. Six critical retention factors were identified including career development and growth opportunities, recognition and reward systems, work-life balance and flexible work arrangements, compensation and benefits structure, job security and employment stability, as well as alignment of company culture and values. This research provides evidence-based insights for developing comprehensive retention strategies within the South African financial services institution by promoting decent work practices. Key organisational recommendations include establishing clear pathways from temporary to permanent employment, implementing inclusive development programmes accessible to all employees, creating transparent compensation structures with comprehensive benefits, institutionalising flexible work arrangements, and developing multi-layered recognition systems.

Student management is a strategic issue in improving school quality because it determines the regularity of student services from admission to graduation. In the context of integrated Islamic schools, the urgency of student management is even higher because schools are not only required to produce academic achievements, but also strengthen religious character development through flagship programs. This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of end-to-end student management based on SOPs at SMP IT Daarul Hidayah, specifically the integration of potential screening, tahfidz-qirā’atul kutub programs, and administrative documentation as a service quality control mechanism. The study uses a descriptive, qualitative approach with a case-study strategy; data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation (student SOPs, master books, clapper books, ledger books, and BK records). Data analysis was carried out interactively through data reduction, data presentation, and concluding/verification with triangulation of sources and methods to maintain credibility. The findings indicate that student management is implemented through structured stages of planning, diagnostic-inclusive PPDB, orientation and screening, role organization (Waka Kesiswaan, Homeroom Counselor, BK), character development through class routines and flagship programs, extracurricular/OSIS management as a discipline and leadership instrument, and comprehensive, systematically documented academic-attitude assessments. This system has an impact on increasing the regularity of coaching, trackability of student development data, and strengthening the school's identity through "modern-Salafi" integration. The main obstacle is the foundation's limited budget, but it is addressed through consistent SOPs and external collaboration strategies. In conclusion, SOP-based end-to-end student management is effective as a strategic instrument for aligning student services with the vision of an integrated Islamic school; further research is recommended to conduct multi-case studies and longitudinal tracking to assess the sustainability of the impact on discipline, achievement, and flagship program outcomes.

This study is motivated by the widespread practice of retail gasoline trading in Pematang Rahim Mendahara Ulu Village, which has emerged as a community-based response to limited access to formal fuel distribution channels and pressing local economic needs. The research aims to examine these transactional practices through the lens of Islamic business ethics and Islamic economic law, with particular attention to contractual clarity (akad), price fairness, measurement transparency, and the potential presence of gharar (uncertainty). Employing a qualitative field-based approach with a case study strategy, data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with retailers and consumers, and supporting documentation. The data were subsequently analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The findings indicate that retail gasoline transactions operate informally and are largely grounded in interpersonal trust; however, several issues persist, including inconsistent measurement standards, price fluctuations, and concerns related to distribution legality. Conceptually, this study contributes to the development of Islamic economic ethics discourse within informal market settings and offers practical implications for strengthening ethical business literacy and improving local-level energy distribution governance.

It is a puzzle that the institutionalization of institutions has not yet been well explained. The present study gives an answer by explaining why the accrual accounting (AA) practices introduced to public entities (PEs) in Sri Lanka failed through an empirical explanation of the loss of logic of appropriateness of the institution (i.e., AA practices) and the institutionalization (i.e., implementation process). Accordingly, institutional theory becomes the theoretical scope of this study. Engaging the longitudinal study for 26 years (1999–2025), the study espoused the interpretive stance, case study strategy, and theoretical deductive thematic analysis method. The data collection was carried out among the purposive sample cases. The sample cases selected are from the initiating agency, the implementing agency, the divergent voice, and the controlling agency. The study is significant since it explores that the logic of appropriateness has been lost at all the rostrum of institutionalization, causing an overall insignificant pressure to the PEs, and hence the AA reform failed in Sri Lanka. The study concludes that the failure of AA reforms is due to the loss of logic of appropriateness of the institution and the institutionalization.

Background: Batam City, as an industry and service-based metropolitan area, exhibits high dependence on external food supply, reflected in its agricultural sector's contribution of merely 1.45%. This research aims to analyze the potential and formulate a development strategy for bird's eye chili (Capsicum frutescens) as a leading local commodity in Galang and Nongsa Districts to support food security. Methods: This qualitative research with an intrinsic case study strategy utilized secondary data from the Batam City Central Statistics Agency (2021-2025) and SWOT analysis. Findings: The findings reveal complementary potential between the two districts. Galang, with its eight agriculture-based villages, represents an ideal production base, while Nongsa, adjacent to tourism areas and the airport, has the opportunity to become a marketing and agritourism hub. Conclusion: The local market is highly promising for bird’s eye chili, with household expenditure on vegetables at 3.74% and an educated population supportive of technology adoption. However, key challenges include sharp fluctuations in harvested area, land conversion pressure, and inter-island logistics vulnerability. Novelty/Originality of this article: The effective bird's eye chili development requires an integrated strategy: establishing Galang as a certified production center and Nongsa as an agritourism zone, supported by direct market partnerships, digital technology utilization, and policy protection for sustainable agricultural land. This model offers a concrete pathway for economic diversification and food security in an industrial archipelagic region.

This study examined the nexus between organisational culture and municipal performance in Zimbabwe with specific reference to Chinhoyi Municipality. The study was influenced by perpetual service delivery challenges in the municipality. It specifically aimed to explore the organisational culture at the municipality, examine the relationship between the current organisational culture and service delivery and suggest strategies for leveraging organisational culture for enhanced service delivery. The study adopted a qualitative inquiry premised upon an interpretivism philosophy and case study strategy premised on one municipality while targeting its employees and managers who were well versed in aspects of organisational culture. The data was collected by means of key informant interviews, focus group discussion, observation and open-ended questionnaires. The results indicated a negative corporate culture characterised by retrogressive organisational values and norms, weak employee engagement strategies, ineffective change management and adaptability and communication challenges. These contributed to the emergence of various service delivery inhibitions that included bureaucratic cultures, lack of meritocracy, political interference and resistance to change. The results showed that bureaucratic cultures slow decision-making, constrain innovation, foster service delays, promote lack of flexibility, limits employee autonomy, lowers employee morale and results in inefficient resource utilisation. The results suggested the need for governance and leadership initiatives and employee capacity and capability strategies. Following these observations, future researchers were urged to broaden the scope of their inquiries through considering the organisational culture and service delivery situation in other municipalities.

Purpose: This paper presents a framework aimed at maximising the utilisation of Lean construction methods for economical and efficient project delivery in Ghana. Design/ Methodology/ Approach This study adopted an interpretivist philosophical stance, recognising the importance of understanding stakeholders’ perspectives within their natural and cultural contexts. A qualitative case study strategy was selected because the central research question focused on how LCM practices can be effectively applied in Ghana. Three purposively selected cases, which are made up of ten (10) participants. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo 11. Qualitative data were coded to identify recurring themes related to LCM implementation, barriers, and drivers Findings: The study revealed that successful implementation of LCM in Ghana requires integrating BIM with soft Lean tools, such as trust, teamwork, collaboration, and motivation. Waste reduction, stakeholder engagement, and environmental sustainability emerged as critical components of effective project delivery. Research Limitation: The small qualitative sample precludes quantitative analysis, statistical testing of relationships, or identification of correlations between variables such as lean implementation maturity and project outcomes. This limits the ability to provide evidence-based metrics or benchmarks for lean construction performance. Practical Implication: Ultimately, the framework offers a practical guide for organisations to implement Lean Construction principles effectively, ensuring competitive and sustainable project delivery. Social Implication: This approach also encourages the construction industry to align with societal goals, such as the creation of safer, healthier, and more environmentally responsible infrastructure. Originality and Value: This study makes a unique contribution by integrating BIM and soft Lean tools into the LCM framework, offering a holistic, context-specific approach to sustainable and cost-effective construction in developing countries and introducing a new and valuable variable for advancing LCM strategies toward more efficient outcomes.

Vocational education plays a strategic role in preparing graduates who are ready to enter the workforce. However, the low employment absorption rate of Vocational High School (SMK) graduates indicates a mismatch between graduates’ competencies and the needs of Industry and the World of Work (IWW). This study aims to describe in depth: (1) the role of industry-based curriculum management in improving graduate employment absorption at SMK Pelayaran Muhammadiyah Tuban, (2) the challenges and efforts encountered in the implementation of industry-based curriculum management, and (3) its impact on vocational competencies and graduates’ work readiness. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study strategy. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation studies. The research subjects included the principal, vice principal for curriculum affairs, heads of expertise programs, productive subject teachers, industry partner representatives, and twelfth-grade students. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification, supported by source and technique triangulation. The findings indicate that industry-based curriculum management at SMK Pelayaran Muhammadiyah Tuban is implemented through curriculum planning involving industry partners, the organization of learning aligned with industry needs, the implementation of learning that emphasizes real work practices through teaching factories and Industrial Work Practice (PKL), and continuous curriculum evaluation in collaboration with industry partners. The implementation of industry-based curriculum management has a positive impact on improving vocational competencies, work readiness, and graduates’ employment absorption in the industrial sector.

This study aims to reveal the dynamics of learning difficulties faced by students in traditional Islamic boarding schools in the digital age, which are caught between the preservation of Islamic values and the demands of technological modernization. Using a qualitative approach with a case study strategy, data was collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with 15 senior high school students from various majors and levels of education. The results of thematic analysis show four main findings: technological limitations that impact access to learning resources; conventional teaching methods that are less adaptive to digital learning styles; differences in students' views on the integration of technology in learning; and adaptive strategies used by students through collaboration, informal discussions, and the utilization of limited resources. These findings reinforce the relevance of the Digital Divide and Social Constructivism theories in the context of Islamic education, emphasizing that the digital divide in Islamic boarding schools is not merely a matter of infrastructure, but also a matter of values and learning culture. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the agency of students as adaptive actors in the transformation of Islamic education, showing that Islamic boarding schools have the potential to develop hybrid learning models that harmonize tradition and technology.

CSR communication can be built through two-way exchanges and collaboration with various parties. CSR program information is centralized in the target elite, and there is no communication down to the small units in society, which results in distorted information. The research aims to explore the collaboration model between local mass media and oil and gas companies in communicating CSR to stakeholders. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach with the Yin model case study strategy. Data was collected through interviews with 25 informants consisting of representatives of companies, government, mass media, NGOs implementing programs, and beneficiaries of CSR programs. The research results showed that collaboration between local mass media and companies leads to three patterns: collaborate, involve, and inform. The mechanism for implementing these three patterns, the local mass media in constructing CSR messages focuses on three key sentences: contribution, a form of corporate concern, and a form of good neighbor. The research results also concluded that collaboration between mass media companies and oil and gas companies affected mass media's independence in helping communicate CSR programs to the public. Collaboration fosters self-sufficiency from local mass media networks that voluntarily communicate CSR to the broader public. The relationship between local mass media and companies creates a take-and-give atmosphere where companies and the public try to reach a consensus and collaboration.

The study is a critical analysis of the evolution of democratic local governance in South Africa since the introduction of the White Paper on Local Government nearly three decades ago. It evaluates the extent of progress made, highlights enduring challenges, and considers future opportunities for consolidating local democratic practices. The study adopts a qualitative research approach and utilises a case study strategy while data was collected through interviews. Data are analysed through document analysis and thematic analysis of the legislative and policy frameworks. The study findings reveal that legislative reform reshaped the institutional architecture of local governance in South Africa. Findings also indicate that legislative reforms lead to the increased autonomy of municipalities and their developmental mandate. Notwithstanding these advances, significant challenges remain, notably inconsistent implementation, institutional capacity constraints, and limited responsiveness to community needs. These shortcomings have undermined the transformative intent of the White Paper, particularly its objective of fostering inclusive and participatory forms of governance. In response, the study advocates for the reinforcement of accountability frameworks to enhance transparency and improve municipal responsiveness. Strengthened oversight arrangements, supported by rigorous performance monitoring systems, are indispensable in mitigating maladministration and enhancing the effectiveness of service delivery. Equally important is the expansion of meaningful public participation as a means of reinvigorating local democratic practice. This requires the formal entrenchment of participatory mechanisms, the strategic utilisation of digital technologies to facilitate citizen engagement, and the cultivation of governance approaches grounded in co-production. The study concludes that although substantial advances have been achieved through legislative reform, the long-term viability of democratic local governance is contingent upon confronting entrenched systemic deficiencies and consolidating participatory and accountability-driven practices. Such interventions are essential to advancing the developmental objectives articulated in the White Paper and to enabling communities to function as active and empowered stakeholders in governance processes.

Interior design plays an important role in shaping corporate image and influencing users’ emotional experiences, particularly in premium sports facilities such as driving ranges. The VIP Room at Jababeka Golf & Country Club Driving Range is designed as a private training space that requires a high level of comfort, calmness, and focus. This study aims to analyze the application of color psychology in the interior design of the VIP Room based on Elliot’s Color-in-Context Theory (2015). The research adopts a qualitative-descriptive approach using a case study strategy, referring to the design process proposed by Rosemary Kilmer, which consists of analysis and synthesis stages. The unit of analysis consists of three VIP Room spaces within the driving range facility. Data were collected through field observations, visual documentation, and semi-structured interviews with management representatives and interior design stakeholders, supported by a literature review. Data analysis was conducted using thematic coding, focusing on the relationship between color application and users’ psychological responses. The results indicate that the dominance of green, combined with neutral tones and dark accents, creates psychologically stable and calming conditions that support user concentration. Furthermore, controlled color application reinforces the professional and exclusive image of the VIP Room, thereby enhancing the overall user experience.