Carotid Intima-media Thickness In Type Research Articles

β cell function and insulin resistance have gender-specific correlations with carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes

ObjectiveThe relationships between carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) and β cell function and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have not been fully elucidated. This study is to investigate whether impaired glucose metabolism is etiologically associated with C-IMT in patients with T2D.MethodsThe study group consisted of 490 (284 men, 206 women) participants. Venous blood specimens were obtained from all subjects for biochemical profiles after an >8-h overnight fast. C-IMT was measured as the distance between the luminal-intimal leading edge (I-line) and the medial-adventitial leading edge (M-line) on the far wall. Insulin resistance was estimated with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The acute insulin response to arginine was calculated as the mean of the three plasma insulin levels obtained within 2, 4, and 6 min after the arginine bolus minus the pre-stimulus plasma insulin levels.ResultsThere was a graded increase in C-IMT values according to tertiles of HOMA-IR in men; the values of C-IMT were significantly decreased across the tertiles of acute insulin and C-peptide responses in women. Multivariate analysis revealed that HOMA-IR and age were positively associated with C-IMT among men participants, and acute insulin response and current smoking were the independent determinants of C-IMT in women.ConclusionEarly insulin response stimulated by arginine is independently associated with C-IMT in women T2D individuals, whereas insulin resistance is positively correlated with C-IMT in men T2D subjects.

Dietary modulation of advanced glycation end products metabolism on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes patients: From the CORDIOPREV study

BackgroundAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) are pro-oxidant and cytotoxic compounds involved in the progression of chronic diseases as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The total body burden of AGEs also depend of those consume through the diet. Our aim was to analyze whether the reduction of AGE levels, after the consumption of two-healthy diets were associated with a greater decrease of intima-media thickness of both common carotid arteries (IMT-CC) in patients with T2DM and coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods540 CHD patients with T2DM, at baseline, from the CORDIOPREV study, were divided into two groups: (1) Responders, patients whose IMT-CC was reduced or not changed after dietary intervention and (2) Non-responders, patients whose IMT-CC was increased after dietary intervention. A total of 423 completed baseline and the 5-year follow-up carotid ultrasounds were analyzed in this study. ResultsOur data showed that Responders, despite had a higher baseline IMT-CC and serum methylglyoxal (MG) levels than Non-responders, showed a reduction of serum levels of this glycotoxin after dietary intervention. Conversely, in patients whose IMT-CC was increased after dietary intervention (Non-responders), serum MG levels were increased. Moreover, an increase of circulating level of AGEs (and in particular, MG), after dietary intervention, could be considered a risk factor for the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM and CHD. ConclusionThese results support the importance of identifying underlying mechanisms in the context of secondary prevention of CVD that would provide therapeutic targets to reduce the high risk of cardiovascular events of these patients.Clinical Trial registration-URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00924937.Unique Identifier: NCT00924937.

Serum fibroblast growth factor-21 levels and its relationship with carotid intima-media thickness in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate fibroblast growth factor-21 levels in type 1 diabetes patients and its relationship with carotid
 intima-media thickness which is a marker of atherosclerosis.
 Patients and Methods: We recruited 39 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 39 healthy controls. Blood samples for fibroblast
 growth factor-21, adiponectin and carboxymethyllysine were drawn from subjects after 8 hours fasting. Fasting blood glucose and
 hemoglobinA1c levels were obtained from patient records. Carotid intima media-thickness was measured via B-mode ultrasound by
 the same physician.
 Results: Median fibroblast growth factor-21 levels were 0.54 (0.10-10.69) ng/ml in type 1 diabetes patients, 0.42 (0.09-1.57) ng/ml
 in healthy controls (P=0.13). There was no correlation between serum fibroblast growth factor-21 levels and carotid intima-media
 thickness. Carboxymethyllysine levels were similar in both groups (P=0.86). Adiponectin level was 16336.7 ± 7338.7 ng/ml in type 1
 diabetes patients, 13343.1 ± 5318.7 ng/ml in control group (P=0.04).
 Conclusion: Our study did not find any relation between serum fibroblast growth factor-21 levels and carotid intima-media thickness.
 Further researches with wider study population are needed.

Dietary modulation of advanced glycation end products metabolism on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes patients: From the CORDIOPREV study

BackgroundAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) are pro-oxidant and cytotoxic compounds involved in the progression of chronic diseases as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The total body burden of AGEs also depend of those consume through the diet. Our aim was to analyze whether the reduction of AGE levels, after the consumption of two-healthy diets were associated with a greater decrease of intima-media thickness of both common carotid arteries (IMT-CC) in patients with T2DM and coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods540 CHD patients with T2DM, at baseline, from the CORDIOPREV study, were divided into two groups: (1) Responders, patients whose IMT-CC was reduced or not changed after dietary intervention and (2) Non-responders, patients whose IMT-CC was increased after dietary intervention. A total of 423 completed baseline and the 5-year follow-up carotid ultrasounds were analyzed in this study. ResultsOur data showed that Responders, despite had a higher baseline IMT-CC and serum methylglyoxal (MG) levels than Non-responders, showed a reduction of serum levels of this glycotoxin after dietary intervention. Conversely, in patients whose IMT-CC was increased after dietary intervention (Non-responders), serum MG levels were increased. Moreover, an increase of circulating level of AGEs (and in particular, MG), after dietary intervention, could be considered a risk factor for the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM and CHD. ConclusionThese results support the importance of identifying underlying mechanisms in the context of secondary prevention of CVD that would provide therapeutic targets to reduce the high risk of cardiovascular events of these patients.Clinical Trial registration-URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00924937.Unique Identifier: NCT00924937.

Correlation of lipid profile with C3d and Carotid Intima-Media thickness in Type 2 Diabetic patients

Background: Complement activation occurs in the vessel's wall as serum lipids start to get deposited, marking the beginning of atherosclerosis formation. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is a widely used tool for detecting atherosclerosis. This study objective was to correlate lipid profile with C3d levels and Carotid IMT in type 2 Diabetic patients. Methodology: This case-control study comprised 120 male and female participants between 35 to 65 years of age. Of them, 90 type 2 diabetes patients were stratified according to the diabetes duration into four groups, Group A (n=30) <5 years of diabetic, Group B (n=30) 5-10 years of diabetic, Group C (n=30) >10 years diabetic and non-diabetic subjects healthy controls in Group D (n=30). The Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and BMI), serum C3d level, carotid intima-media thickness (carotid IMT) &, serum levels of Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) were evaluated. Results: In Type 2 Diabetic patients with moderate to high levels of serum Cholesterol, the C3d levels were found to be significantly raised (10.58 ±3.87 µg/ml and 15.37 ± 2.51 µg/ml, respectively), but Carotid IMT was increased in patients with high Cholesterol (0.98 ± 0.11 mm). Patients with moderate to high levels of Triglycerides had C3d 11.03 ± 3.85 µg/ml and 13.66 ± 4.30 µg/ml, respectively, but Carotid IMT was observed to be raised in patients with higher triglycerides levels (1.00 ± 0.11 mm). Also, in patients with moderate to high serum LDL C3d were 10.26 ± 3.10 µg/ml and 13.14 ± 4.08 µg/ml, respectively, whereas Carotid IMT was increased in patients with high levels of LDL (0.93 ± 0.13 mm). The C3d (12.12 ± 4.42 µg/ml) and Carotid IMT (0.90 ± 0.13 mm) levels were increased as HDL decreased significantly. Conclusion: Serum C3d can be used as an early marker of atherosclerosis formation, which increases as lipid levels exceed the normal range in diabetic type 2 patients compared to carotid IMT detected in patients with higher lipid parameters.

Sitagliptin on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes and hyperuricemia patients: A subgroup analysis of the PROLOGUE study

Sitagliptin on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes and hyperuricemia patients: A subgroup analysis of the PROLOGUE study

OR6. Ankle-brachial index is associated with carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract Background and Aims Atherosclerosis and its complications occur more rapidly in diabetes mellitus. Early detection remains a challenge. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) has been used widely and validated marker for detecting subclinical atherosclerosis. The limitation of this examination is operator dependence. Meanwhile, ankle-brachial index (ABI) examination is easier and widely available. This study is aimed to evaluate correlation ABI and CIMT in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Method and Results We conducted cross-sectional study in vascular outpatient clinic of Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Fifty-one patients were taken by purposive sampling. An interview, hematological parameters, lipid profiles, anthropometric, ABI, and CIMT measurement were performed. ABI was measured by doppler ultrasound, meanwhile an ultrasound examination of both common carotid artery was done to obtain the CIMT. Subjects were 49.02% females and 50.98% males, with mean age 59.22 ± 8.8 years old. The percentages of hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, obesity, metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and chronic kidney disease were 60.8%, 51%, 27.5%, 52.9%, 72.5%, 31.4%, 9.8%, and 9.8%, respectively. Bivariate analysis showed mean ABI in the presence of mean CIMT ≥1mm and/or carotid plaque were lower (1.05±0.17 vs 1.16±0.08, p = 0.016). Proportions mean and maximum CIMT ≥1mm were 15.7% and 33.3%, respectively. Pearson’s correlation showed ABI was negatively correlated with mean CIMT and maximum CIMT (r=-0.334, p = 0.017; r=-0.299, p = 0.033). Conclusion Ankle-brachial index is negatively correlated with carotid intima-media thickness. Therefore, in limited facility, ABI examination might be performed for predicting subclinical atherosclerosis.

Moderate alcohol consumption and carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes.

Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is a risk predictor for myocardial infarction and stroke. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at higher risk for such conditions. The association of alcohol consumption with IMT is still controversial. We undertook a cross-sectional study of patients hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology at Zhoushan Hospital from January 1st, 2013 to December 31st, 2015. Patients with a past medical history of cerebrovascular events, acute myocardial ischemia or unable to provide a detailed alcohol consumption history were excluded. Carotid IMT, together with blood biochemical examinations were collected. Data were analyzed using least significant difference t test, Tamhane's T2 test, Levene test, χ2-test and binary logistic regression model. 281 patients were enrolled in the study. The number of patients with elevated carotid IMT in moderate alcohol consumers was apparently less than alcohol non/heavy-consumers. In addition, the number of participants with elevated carotid IMT in liqueur consumers was higher than alcohol non-consumers and rice wine/beer consumers. Systolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, glycosylated hemoglobin, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, uric acid, cholesterol and creatinine levels were higher in elevated IMT patients, while high density lipoprotein cholesterol level was levels were significantly lower (p value<0.05). Moderate alcohol consumption has a protective effect on atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, requiring consideration to dietary intake and physical activity, among other influences. Inflammation theory and lipid metabolism could be involved in such prophylaxis effects.

Sitagliptin on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes and hyperuricemia patients: a subgroup analysis of the PROLOGUE study.

Background and Aims:Studies have shown that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DDP-4) inhibitors have anti-atherosclerotic effects. However, in the PROLOGUE study, sitagliptin failed to slow the progression of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) relative to conventional therapy. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the PROLOGUE study and compared the effects of sitagliptin and conventional therapy on changes in CIMT in subgroups with or without hyperuricemia.Methods:The PROLOGUE study was a randomized controlled trial of 442 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients were randomized to receive sitagliptin added therapy or conventional therapy. Based on the serum uric acid levels of all study populations in the PROLOGUE study, we divided them into hyperuricemia subgroup (n = 104) and non-hyperuricemia subgroup (n = 331). The primary outcome was changed in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) parameters compared with baseline during the 24 months treatment period.Results:In the hyperuricemia subgroup, compared with the conventional therapy group, the changes in the mean internal carotid artery (ICA)-IMT and max ICA-IMT at 24 months were significantly lower in the sitagliptin group [−0.233 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−0.419 to 0.046), p = 0.015 and −0.325 mm, 95% CI (−0.583 to −0.068), p = 0.014], although there was no significant difference in the common carotid artery CIMT.Conclusion:The results of our analysis indicated that sitagliptin attenuated the progression of CIMT than conventional therapy in T2DM and hyperuricemia patients.

Effect of a 90 g/day low-carbohydrate diet on glycaemic control, small, dense low-density lipoprotein and carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetic patients: An 18-month randomised controlled trial.

This study explored the effect of a moderate (90 g/d) low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) in type 2 diabetes patients over 18 months. Ninety-two poorly controlled type 2 diabetes patients aged 20-80 years with HbA1c ≥7.5% (58 mmol/mol) in the previous three months were randomly assigned to a 90 g/d LCD r traditional diabetic diet (TDD). The primary outcomes were glycaemic control status and change in medication effect score (MES). The secondary outcomes were lipid profiles, small, dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL), serum creatinine, microalbuminuria and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). A total of 85 (92.4%) patients completed 18 months of the trial. At the end of the study, the LCD and TDD group consumed 88.0±29.9 g and 151.1±29.8 g of carbohydrates, respectively (p < 0.05). The 18-month mean change from baseline was statistically significant for the HbA1c (-1.6±0.3 vs. -1.0±0.3%), 2-h glucose (-94.4±20.8 vs. -18.7±25.7 mg/dl), MES (-0.42±0.32 vs. -0.05±0.24), weight (-2.8±1.8 vs. -0.7±0.7 kg), waist circumference (-5.7±2.7 vs. -1.9±1.4 cm), hip circumference (-6.1±1.8 vs. -2.9±1.7 cm) and blood pressure (-8.3±4.6/-5.0±3 vs. 1.6±0.5/2.5±1.6 mmHg) between the LCD and TDD groups (p<0.05). The 18-month mean change from baseline was not significantly different in lipid profiles, sdLDL, serum creatinine, microalbuminuria, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and carotid IMT between the groups. A moderate (90 g/d) LCD showed better glycaemic control with decreasing MES, lowering blood pressure, decreasing weight, waist and hip circumference without adverse effects on lipid profiles, sdLDL, serum creatinine, microalbuminuria, ALT and carotid IMT than TDD for type 2 diabetic patients.

Comparison of the effects of twice-daily exenatide and insulin on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a 52-week randomized, open-label, controlled trial

BackgroundExenatide, a glucagon like peptide 1 analog, has been suggested to reduce the cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as body weight, blood pressure and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This was the first randomized, open-label, controlled trial to compare the effects of exenatide versus insulin on subclinical atherosclerosis, as assessed by carotid-intima media thickness (CIMT), in patients with T2DM.MethodsA total of 66 patients with T2DM admitted from March 10, 2015 to June 20, 2017 in the Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital were randomized to receive twice-daily exenatide or aspartate 70/30 insulin for 52 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in CIMT, and secondary endpoints included changes at week 52 from baseline in body weight, glycemic markers, lipid metabolism markers, blood pressure, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, irisin, and brain natriuretic peptide.ResultsExenatide more significantly reduced the CIMT from baseline compared with insulin after 52 weeks, with a mean difference of − 0.14 mm (95% interval confidence: − 0.25, − 0.02; P = 0.016). Weight and body mass index were both significantly reduced in the exenatide group over 52 weeks. Exenatide reduced total lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels more significantly than insulin at weeks 16 and 40. Correlation analyses showed that CIMT was positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.ConclusionsTwice-daily exenatide could prevent atherosclerosis progression in patients with T2DM over a 52-week treatment period compared with insulin therapy.Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-1800015658

Time in Range Is Associated with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Type 2 Diabetes

Background: Time in range (TIR) is an emerging metric of glycemic control and is reported to be associated with microvascular complications of diabetes. We sought to investigate the association of TIR obtained from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as a surrogate marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Data from 2215 patients with type 2 diabetes were cross-sectionally analyzed. TIR of 3.9-10.0 mmol/L was evaluated with CGM. CIMT was measured using high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography and abnormal CIMT was defined as a mean CIMT ≥1.0 mm. Logistic regression models were used to examine the independent association of TIR with CIMT. Results: Compared with patients with normal CIMT, those with abnormal CIMT had significantly lower TIR (P < 0.001). The prevalence of abnormal CIMT progressively decreased across the categories of increasing TIR (P for trend <0.001). In a fully adjusted model controlling for traditional risk factor of CVD, each 10% increase in TIR was associated with 6.4% lower risk of abnormal CIMT. Stratifying the data by sex revealed that TIR was significantly associated with CIMT in males but not in females. In a subset of patients (n = 612) with complete data on diabetic retinopathy and albuminuria, we found that the relationship between TIR and CIMT remained to be significant, regardless of the status of microvascular complications. Conclusions: TIR is associated with CIMT in a large sample of patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting a link between TIR and macrovascular disease.

Echocardiographic association of epicardial fat with carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Epicardial fat is recognized as active endocrine organ and as emerging risk factor for cardio-metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between epicardial fat and carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes patients. Epicardial fat thickness was measured in 76 type 2 diabetes patients without clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and 30 age- and sex-matched controls. In addition to laboratory tests, all patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography for epicardial fat thickness and ultrasonographic examination of carotid intima-media thickness. Patients with diabetes had higher epicardial fat thickness and carotid intima-media thickness than those of the controls (6.23 ± 1.27 mm vs 4.6 ± 1.03 mm, p < 0.001 and 0.77 ± 0.150 mm vs 0.58 ± 0.08 mm, p < 0.001, respectively). Epicardial fat thickness was correlated significantly with age, duration of type 2 diabetes, body mass index, waist circumference, HbA1c, carotid intima-media thickness, Homeostasis Model Assessment Index for insulin resistance and lipid profile in the type 2 diabetic patients. Stepwise regression analysis showed that carotid intima-media thickness, duration of diabetes, triglyceride and body mass index were the independent predictors of epicardial fat thickness, with carotid intima-media thickness the most important predictor (β = 3.078, t = 4.058, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was done and cut-off high-risk epicardial fat thickness value of 6.1 mm was determined with a sensitivity and specificity of 71.4% and 72%, respectively. Patients with type 2 diabetes have higher carotid intima-media thickness and epicardial fat thickness. Epicardial fat thickness was found to be a strong predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis.

CETP activity is not associated with carotid intima-media thickness in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.

The impact of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) on atherosclerotic development in humans remains unclear. Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer was shown to be associated with carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients with adequate metabolic control. Since glycation of CETP may influence cholesteryl ester transfer processes, it is important to determine if plasma cholesteryl ester transfer is still a determinant of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. The aim of the present study was to determine whether CETP activity influences carotid IMT in T2D patients with poor metabolic control. In 110 individuals with T2D, we measured CETP mass concentration with ELISA, CETP activity with a radioactivity method and carotid intima-media thickness with high-resolution real-time B-mode ultrasonography. The mean HbA1C was 8.8 ± 1.7%. Carotid IMT did not correlate with CETP activity in the total population. In T2D patients with HbA1C < 8% (n = 33), mean HbA1C was 6.9% and the correlation between carotid IMT and CETP activity was not significant (p = 0.09). In a multivariable analysis that included the total population, carotid intima-media thickness was positively associated with diabetes duration (p = 0.02) but not with CETP activity or HbA1C. We observed no correlation between carotid intima-media thickness, a marker of early atherosclerosis, and CETP activity in T2D patients with poor metabolic control. Disease duration, which reflects accumulated metabolic abnormalities, may have blunted the potential effect of CETP on atherosclerosis. Metabolic control appears essential to determine the pro- or anti-atherogenic influence of CETP in patients with T2D.

Sitagliptin on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes patients receiving primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: A subgroup analysis of the PROLOGUE study

BackgroundWhether a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor can attenuate atherosclerosis is still controversial. Some clinical trials reported that DPP-4 inhibitors in diabetes patients without a previous history of cardiovascular (CV) events could reduce carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). However, in the PROLOGUE study, which enrolled diabetes patients both with and without previous CV events, sitagliptin failed to slow the progression of carotid IMT relative to conventional therapy. Aim and methodsWe hypothesized that the effect of DPP-4 inhibitors on carotid atherosclerosis might be different between the primary and secondary prevention groups. We performed a post hoc analysis of the PROLOGUE study and compared the effects of sitagliptin and conventional therapy on changes in carotid IMT in subgroups with or without previous CV events. ResultsNo significant difference in the IMT changes between the treatment groups was found in the secondary prevention subgroup (sitagliptin, N = 102; conventional, 111). However, in the primary prevention subgroup (sitagliptin, 120; conventional, 109), we found significant inhibitory effects of sitagliptin on mean and max internal carotid artery IMT [estimated group difference: −0.096 mm (95% CI −0.175 to −0.018, p = 0.017) and −0.162 mm (95% CI −0.272 to −0.052, p = 0.004), respectively], although there was no significant difference in the common carotid artery IMT. ConclusionsOur data suggest that there is a favorable effect of DPP-4 inhibitor treatment on carotid atherosclerosis in diabetes patients without previous CV events.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is Associated with Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Type 1 Diabetic Patients.

A growing body of evidence suggests that NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of incident CVD events both in patients without diabetes and in those with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, no published data are available regarding the association between NAFLD and C-IMT in T1DM. A total of 722 patients (371 men) with T1DM were included in this cross-sectional study. The main outcome measures were detection of NAFLD, C-IMT and classical risk factors. The mean age of the subjects was 46.2 years, and 51.1% were male. The prevalence of NAFLD was 15.9%. NAFLD patients had a markedly greater C-IMT (0.81 ± 0.25 vs. 0.69 ± 0.18 mm; p < 0.001) and frequency of carotid plaque (28.9% vs. 16.9%; p < 0.05) than those without fatty liver. Moreover, the differences in C-IMT remained after adjusting for potential confounders. A stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that age (standardized β, 0.326; p < 0.001), NAFLD (standardized β, 0.151, p < 0.001), and hsCRP (standardized β, 0.115, p = 0.008) were independently associated with C-IMT in all subjects. Our data show NAFLD is associated with elevated C-IMT in T1DM independent of conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Serum vitamin D level and its relation with carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetic patients: a cross-sectional observational study

Serum vitamin D level and its relation with carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetic patients: a cross-sectional observational study

The relationship between HbA1c and carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetic patients

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between HbA1c and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) which is noninvasive marker of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: 81 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Demographic, clinical and laboratory features of the patients were obtained from hospital records. cIMT values were measured by high resolution B-mode ultrasound. Patients were divided into two groups according to cIMT values: cIMT 0.05). Conclusion: in this present study we demonstrated that HbA1c could not be a marker for subclinical atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2

Mannose-Binding Lectin Levels and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Introduction. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) activates complement system and has been suggested to play a role in vascular complications in diabetics. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) detects subclinical atherosclerosis. We evaluated the association of MBL and IMT in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients. Methods. Serum MBL levels and cIMT were measured in a total of 103 diabetics and in 98 age-matched healthy controls. Results. There was no significant difference in MBL level in T2DM versus controls. As expected, IMT was significantly higher in T2DM patients than in controls (P = 0.001). In T2DM, the lowest cIMT was seen in patients with normal MBL level (500–1000) while cIMT continuously increased with both high MBL and absolute MBL deficiency states. This was especially significant in high MBL versus normal MBL T2DM patients (P = 0.002). According to multiple regression analysis the main predictors of IMT in T2DM are age (P < 0.003), ApoA level (P = 0.023), and the MBL (P = 0.036). Conclusions. Our results suggest a dual role of MBL as a risk factor for cIMT in T2DM. MBL may also be used as a marker of macrovascular disease, as both low and high levels indicate the susceptibility for atherosclerosis in T2DM.

Plasma adiponectin and carotid intima–media thickness in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes

AimWe assessed the correlation between plasma adiponectin levels and carotid intima media thickness (IMT), as a marker of atherosclerosis, in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes. MethodsThe study group included 112 (60 males and 52 females) non-obese Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes. Fasting plasma adiponectin was measured using ELISA technique. Carotid IMT was assessed using high-resolution color- coded Doppler ultrasonography. Forty age, sex and weight matched normal Egyptian subjects were included in the study as a control group. ResultsA non-significant inverse correlation was found between plasma adiponectin levels and carotid IMT in the study group (p=0.054). Multiple regression analysis revealed that plasma adiponectin was not a determinant of carotid IMT in the study group (p=0.061). ConclusionThe inverse relation between plasma adiponectin and carotid IMT in type 2 diabetes could be explained, at least partially, by obesity.