Career Achievement Research Articles

Perseverance of effort and consistency of interest for entrepreneurial career success

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of grit (consistency of interest and perseverance of effort) on entrepreneurial career success (career satisfaction, perceived career achievement and perceived financial attainment) through the role of resilience.Design/methodology/approachThe study was cross-sectional, and the data were collected using questionnaires from 111 entrepreneurs in Nigeria who have been in business for over five years and were selected using purposive sampling technique. The study used Smart-PLS to assess the measurement and structural model.FindingsThe perseverance of effort was related to all the aspects of career success as well as resilience. But consistency of interest was positively related to only perceived financial attainment. It also predicted resilience. Resilience was also related to all the facets of career success. All three mediation hypotheses were supported.Research limitations/implicationsThe study delivered fascinating understandings into the structures of grit. The Western conceptualisation of grit may not be valid in a collectivist society where consistency is not that very much considered.Practical implicationsThe study helps to further validate grit in the entrepreneurship field; the construct is a facilitator of entrepreneurial action and an indispensable source of energy that can revitalise the entrepreneur along the arduous road to success.Originality/valueThe two components of grit can have a dissimilar influence on different outcomes – as prior investigations, although recognising that the two components are conceptually dissimilar, have rarely studied them so empirically.

The value of PhD in the changing world of work: Traditional and alternative research careers

The paper considers career patterns of researchers and the ways to assess their career achievements on the academic and non-academic labor markets. Taking into account the approaches developed earlier in the framework of the sociology of science, as well as on the basis of recent empirical studies, the authors propose an original approach to the study of a research career, determine the integral indicator of career achievements and assess the research career rank by means of the transition probabilities. The study is based on the data obtained during a survey among Russian researchers involving 828 respondents employed by organizations in the main prospective science and technology areas (academic and non-academic sectors). We suggest the research career achievement (RCA) indicator as an analytical tool for managing highly qualified research personnel. The use of PageRank method enabled to discern an extremely uneven distribution of the research career achievement value in the surveyed sample of researchers. The analysis revealed the main factors determining academic and non-academic research career patterns. The findings attest that the factors affecting career patterns are closely linked with the recognition that the researcher obtains or expects at three levels: individual – professional community – society as a whole.

A CTSA-based consultation service to advance research on special and underserved populations

In this report, we describe the implementation and short-term outcomes of a Special Populations Consultation Service within the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI). With the goal of increasing the quality and quantity of special population (SP) research, the UCLA CTSI Integrating Special Populations program designed a consultation service to support faculty and trainees conducting research involving one of three CTSI "special populations:" children, older adults, and/or minority; underserved; or health disparity populations. The Special Populations Consultation Service offers three types of activities: grant proposal studios, career consultations, and project reviews. UCLA CTSI faculty with appropriate content expertise serve as consultants. We evaluated this consultation model using satisfaction surveys and by quantifying funded grants and reported changes in career goals in SP research. Between 2016 and 2019, the Special Populations Consultation Service provided 59 consultations including 42 grant studios and was used by researchers at all levels from all four UCLA CTSI institutions. Recipients rated the consultations very highly. Funding success rates were 57% following K-level grant studios and 28% following R-level grant studios. Users of project and career consultations commonly attributed career accomplishments in part to their consultation experiences. The SP Consultation Service is feasible and acceptable and appears to enhance careers of investigators studying special populations.

Renormalizing Individual Performance Metrics for Cultural Heritage Management of Sports Records

Individual performance metrics are commonly used to compare players from different eras. However, such cross-era comparison is often biased due to significant changes in success factors underlying player achievement rates (e.g. performance enhancing drugs and modern training regimens). Such historical comparison is more than fodder for casual discussion among sports fans, as it is also an issue of critical importance to the multi-billion dollar professional sport industry and the institutions (e.g. Hall of Fame) charged with preserving sports history and the legacy of outstanding players and achievements. To address this cultural heritage management issue, we report an objective statistical method for re-normalizing career achievement metrics, one that is particularly tailored for common seasonal performance metrics, which are often aggregated into summary career metrics – despite the fact that many player careers span different eras. Remarkably, we find that the method applied to comprehensive Major League Baseball and National Basketball Association player data preserves the overall functional form of the distribution of career achievement, both at the season and career level. As such, subsequent re-ranking of the top-50 all-time records in MLB and the NBA using re-normalized metrics indicates reordering at the local rank level, as opposed to bulk reordering by era. This local order refinement signals time-independent mechanisms underlying annual and career achievement in professional sports, meaning that appropriately re-normalized achievement metrics can be used to compare players from eras with different season lengths, team strategies, rules – and possibly even different sports.

Соконкуренция и ее роль в профессиональной карьере руководителей медицинских учреждений

The article outlines the results of the study on the socio-psychological phenomenon of co-opetition in a healthcare administrator’s career. The main sample of the empirical study was comprised of 150 healthcare system employees (76 managers and 74 employees in medical institutions). The research focuses on the socio-psychological phenomenon of co-opetition, which combines the concepts of “competition” and “cooperation”. The meaning of the term “co-opetition” in social interaction is defined on the example of healthcare staff. The article addresses the importance of the individual and the social components in the career achievements of medical institution managers and offers a definition of the word “career”. The article presents the main results of an empirical socio-psychological study, which allow us to determine the type of behaviour the respondents exhibit in situations of conflict of interest and personal behavioural strategies for resolving competitive or conflict situations. The work substantiates a new view on co-opetitive social interaction which is determined by a combination of interpersonal relationships aimed at cooperation with the participants of the process and, at the same time, associated with the behavioural strategy aimed at achieving one’s personal goals — competition. We also present a psychological substantiation of the “career plateau” phenomenon in the career of medical workers. Having substantiated the emergence of the “career plateau”, we describe its features as well as the ways to overcome its effects. The study revealed that the focus on co-opetitive behaviour results in the absence of the “plateau” in a professional’s career and is characteristic to a greater extent for male healthcare managers. The research results indicate that co-opetition as a component of social behaviour has certain advantages in comparison with pure competition or cooperation. We identify the features of individual propensity for co-opetition among the healthcare system managers, which affect their career achievements, and describe the gender differences in the co-opetitive relationship features and how these differences are reflected in the development of a “career plateau”. The overall outcome of the research suggests that the focus on co-opetitive behaviour contributes to higher professional career achievements.

Framgång på tur. Kapital och sociala strategier i migranters berättelser om framgångsrika karriärer

[Success. Capital and social strategies in migrants’ narratives about successful careers] Erik Olsson’s article is based on interviews with 32 migrants from the Middle East who have had successful career pathways in business and academia after migrating to Sweden. It demonstrates how the stories of these individuals reveal strategies for mobilising the forms of capital that assumes to promote career advancement. It argues that the migrants accentuate a background in a society with a priority on education and the benefit of having a strategic social network. However, the capital mobilised in their country of origin is seldom valued after migration and a successful strategy is instead to engage in a pragmatic mobilisation of a new capital that includes new education, the making of new contacts, hard work and acquiring of the rule of the game within their profession. The article concludes that in situations when the conditions set for successful career achievement are dictated by the conditions in the new country, with no space for negotiations, the strategies for migrants to succeed are basically an individual matter of being able to pragmatically downplay differences in societies but also to disregard injustices and the influence of discrimination. Publication history: Published original. (Published 10 December 2020) Citation: Olsson, Erik (2020) “Framgang pa tur. Kapital och sociala strategier i migranters berattelser om framgangsrika karriarer”, in Arkiv. Tidskrift for samhallsanalys , issue 12, pp. 141–174. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13068/2000-6217.12.4

A Conversation with Sandra Abell: Science Teacher Learning

The conversation between Sandra Abell and Patricia Friedrichsen took place at the University of Missouri, U.S., on December 19, 2007. The purpose of this dialogue was to reflect on Dr. Abell's career in science education and her research on science teacher learning. During the conversation, Sandra Abell discussed changes in research in this field, the usefulness of the pedagogical content knowledge construct, as well as directions for future research. The text includes a brief summary of Sandra Abell's career achievements, a list of our conversation topics, the transcript of the audio-taped conversation, as well as a list of Dr. Abell's selected publications.

LOS ESTUDIANTES Y SUS METAS. VINCULACIONES CON EL LOGRO Y RETRASO EN LA CARRERA Students and their goals. Links to career achievement and delay

El objetivo del presente artículo es focalizar la atención en las metas con que estudiantes de ingeniería afrontaron el aprendizaje en el momento de ingresar en la universidad y luego de transcurridos cinco años. Se analizan las relaciones de las metas con el logro o la demora en el curso de la carrera. La meto-dología empleada es cualitativa, mediante la cual participaron del estudio 48 estudiantes de ingeniería de una universidad pública argentina, quienes fueron contactados para la recolección de datos cinco años después de su ingreso; 15 de los 48 estudiantes se encon-traban cursando el último año de la carrera; otros 15 estaban algo demorados, aunque habían aprobado, luego de cinco años, más del 50% de la carrera; por fin, los restantes 18 estudiantes registraban grandes demoras, pues todos ellos solamente habían conseguido completar un porcentaje de la carrera inferior al 50%. Los 48 estudiantes dieron respuesta a un cuestionario administrado personalmente, en un encuentro de uno a uno con el investi-gador, que les solicitó identificarse con uno de cinco estudiantes, cada uno orientado hacia metas distintas, en el momento del ingreso y en el momento de responder al instrumento. Los resultados mostraron que entre los estu-diantes con trayectorias de logro prevalecen desde el ingreso, y se sostienen cinco años después, metas de aprendizaje. En cambio, en aquellos estudiantes que tras cinco años de cursado en la universidad no habían aprobado aún el 50% de la carrera, prevalecían metas como salvar la autoestima y evitar el fracaso, asociadas con la adopción de conductas poco favorables para el aprendizaje.

Gun Violence as an Obstacle to Educational Equality

This paper addresses the issue of school gun violence as both a result and a cause of ongoing educational inequality. First, gun violence and homicides have reached epidemic levels in recent years among minority teenagers in the United States, and the constant disruption, trauma, and fear that go along with such day to day violence significantly affect the educational and psychological development of urban youth, and thus their eventual educational and career achievements. Second, media attention and recent legislative initiatives to permit or require guns in schools (arming teachers, etc.) focus on the comparatively rare phenomenon of active shooter scenarios (school massacres or shooting rampages), which are predominantly a suburban phenomenon, while ignoring the causes and effects of routine, lower-fatality gun incidents in poorer urban schools. Measures designed to prevent, or thwart, suburban mass shootings may in fact have deleterious effects in inner-city schools that face daily issues with gangs, gun carrying, and outbreaks of interpersonal violence. This paper will suggest that comprehensive community solutions to reduce gun violence are inseparable from policies promoting educational equality, as decreased gun violence boosts educational achievement and helps the school environment, and at the same time, improvements in educational equality can help further reduce gun violence in the community - the two are intertwined. In addition, this paper offers some bold suggestions regarding, increased age restrictions for the purchase of guns and ammunition, training of school guidance counselors regarding firearm access by minors, and reduced presence of armed security and other school personnel within the school.

What causes dyslexia? Identifying the causes and effective compensatory therapy.

BackgroundChildren are diagnosed as dyslexic when their reading performance is much below that which could be expected for their educational level and cannot be explained by a sensory, neurological or psychiatric deficit or by a low IQ. Although poor reading is a major obstacle to school and career achievement, the causes of dyslexia are unclear and traditional therapies are often unsuccessful. To determine the causes of dyslexia, experiments must demonstrate under which conditions a reading disorder occurs and whether the reading performance improves if these conditions are abolished or compensated. To avoid irreproducible results, experiments must be repeated and the effect size must be calculated.ObjectivesThe aims of the study were to investigate the rate and location of misread letters within pseudowords, prove the effectiveness of compensatory reading therapy and demonstrate the reproducibility of the experimental results. The influence of reading therapy on the rate of eye movements opposite to the reading direction was investigated and causes of a poor reading performance were identified.MethodsThe rate and location of misread letters were investigated by tachystoscopic presentation of pseudowords containing between three and six letters. Presentation time, fixation time, and the time it takes to begin pronouncing the words (speech onset latency) were changed until 95% of the pseudowords were recognized correctly. On the basis of these results, the children learned a reading strategy that compensated the causes of the reading disorder. The therapy was demonstrated to be highly effective and it was shown that the results of the therapy were reproducible.ResultsIt was shown that misread letters occurred at all locations in pseudowords, regardless of the word's length. Inadequate fixation, excessively large saccadic amplitudes, reduced ability to simultaneously recognize a sequence of letters, a longer required fixation time and a longer required speech onset latency were all identified as causes of dyslexia. Each of the studies included in the meta-analysis were much more efficient than conventional therapeutic methods. The overall effect size with a value of Hedges' G = 1.72 showed that the therapy had a reproducible and stable effect.ConclusionsThe causes of dyslexia can be revealed by a dual-intervention approach consisting of a pseudoword experiment and learning a compensatory reading strategy. Reading performance improves immediately if the identified causes of dyslexia are compensated by an appropriate reading therapy.

Get Noticed to Get Ahead: The Impact of Personal Branding on Career Success.

There is a growing amount of attention being brought to personal branding as an effective career behavior, but little is known about the factors that predict personal branding behaviors and their outcomes. In two studies (N = 477) across two distinctly different cultural contexts (Western and Asian) based on a newly developed and validated scale of personal branding, we have examined the antecedents and outcomes of personal branding. The findings confirm that personal branding leads to greater career satisfaction, fully mediated by perceived employability. Career achievement aspiration was the strongest predictor of engaging in personal branding, while career feedback negatively related to personal branding intention and career self-efficacy positively related to personal branding but not to personal branding intention. These findings highlight the importance of personal branding as a contemporary career technique in promoting one’s personal brand identity to achieve beneficial career outcomes.

Role of Mentors in Dr. Tanya Gachovska's Journey From Bulgaria to Canada [Women in Engineering

The IEEE Power Electronics Society (PELS) is continuing its tradition of inviting a guest speaker to the Women in Engineering (WIE) breakfast reception at major PELS-sponsored technical conferences to enhance networking among women engineers, scientists, and faculty around the world. This year, PELS invited Dr. Tanya Kirilova Gachovska of Solantro Semiconductor, Ontario, Canada, to share her career experiences, both achievements and struggles, at the 2019 IEEE Energy Convergence Congress and Exposition (ECCE 2019) in Baltimore, Maryland, on 1 October. She was introduced to the audience by PELS WIE Chair Prof. Katherine Kim of Taiwan University. Before inviting Dr. Gachovska to give her talk, Prof. Kim presented some statistics on the women engineers who are PELS members. According to a survey conducted by PELS, there are 79 IEEE PELS women members, which includes 29 IEEE Student Members, 29 Members, 18 Senior Members, one Fellow, one Life Fellow, and one with no response. Only a small percentage is currently involved with PELS as volunteers, but the interest to serve on PELS technical committees and volunteer for other services is growing rapidly.

Pemanfaatan Sumber Informasi oleh Pemustaka di Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kota Padang

Abstract The writing of this paper seeks to describe the use of information resources by users at the Padang City Library and Archives Service. Data collected using descriptive research methods with research objects of various sources of information in the library. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with librarians and librarians in the Padang City Library and Archives Office library through literature studies in accordance with the problem under study. Based on the discussion of the data it can be concluded that the utilization of information sources by the library users in the Padan City Library and Archives Service is as follows: (1) Information sources that can be used by visitors in the Library of the Padang City Library and Archives Service, such as public collections numbered from 000 public works to 900 history and geography. Then there is also a source of information that is a collection of references consisting of dictionaries, encyclopedias, laws, altas, handbooks. And there is also a collection of reservoirs which are numbered from a collection of 000 public works to a collection of 900 history and geography. (2) the utilization of information resources in the library can be seen from the user's needs, user motives, user interests. (3) the opinion of the user towards the information sources in the library can be seen from the completeness of information sources in the library such as: information sources as opportunities for career achievement and achievement, updating information sources, completeness of information sources, as a means of decision making, information sources as entertainment. The information retrieval facility can be seen from the use of collections, the condition of book fiqs, the arrangement of books in the library, the search tools facility, the enhanced facilities.Keywords: utilization, information, users

SIIM Announces New Awards!

The Society for Imaging Informatics in Medicine (SIIM) has created six new awards to be inaugurated at the 2020 Annual Meeting. These include the Gold Medal of the Society, The Joe Gitlin Award, the Dr. Ruth Dayhoff Award for the Advancement of Women in Medical Imaging Informatics, the Imaging Informatics Innovator Award, the Early Career Achievement Award, and the Educator Award. The award criteria, nomination, and selection processes are outlined in this paper with the goal of encouraging nominations (including self-nominations) for these prestigious awards recognizing contributions to imaging informatics in medicine.

Business simulation and assurance of learning

Purpose This study aims to consider assurance of learning among undergraduate business students enrolled in capstone business strategy courses using the GLO-BUS competitive simulation. Gender, academic major and business core course performance were examined. Design/methodology/approach Participants were 595 undergraduate capstone business students from 21 course sections taught over a four-year period. Variables included learning assurance measures, simulation performance, gender, major, business core course grades, capstone course grade and cumulative grade point average. Correlations, linear regression, multiple regression and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to analyze the data. Findings Learning assurance report scores were strongly related to simulation performance. Simulation performance was related to capstone course grade, which, in turn, was significantly related to the grade point average (GPA). Core business courses were related to learning assurance and performance indicators. Significant differences for gender and degree major were found for academic performance measures. Women and men did not differ in simulation performance. Research limitations/implications Limitations include the use of one simulation (GLO-BUS) and studying students at one university taught by one professor. Assurance of learning measures needs further study as factors in business program evaluation. Future research should analyze post-graduate performance and career achievements in relation to assurance of learning outcomes. Originality/value This study conducts empirical analyses of simulation learning that focuses entirely on direct measures, including student characteristics (gender, major), learning assurance measures, business core course grades, capstone course grades and student GPAs.

“You can be anything” – Career guidance messages and achievement expectations among Cape Town teenagers

Do high school learners in Cape Town have realistic tertiary study plans? During 2015, 813 Grade 11 learners were surveyed with regard to their expectations for academic achievement and post-school plans. Learners attended average-performing, no- or low-fee Cape Town high schools. Follow-up discussions were held with 10 learners, 2 teachers and 1 family. In line with previous South African studies, it was found that almost all Grade 11 learners expected to study at tertiary level. Although learners expressed confidence that they would achieve their goals, 70% predicted that their school marks would increase over the following 15 months to an unlikely or impossible degree. Learners in the lowest quartile of school performance were most at risk of overestimating their future improvement and, additionally, reported that their current marks were higher than reflected in school records. Young people are encouraged to plan for university education without consideration of how realistic or attainable this option is for them. They are repeatedly told: “You can be anything!” Some learners moderate this message with practices of self-regulated learning, involving careful checking of recent marks, setting goals, and reviewing progress. Others pretend to have marks that they do not have and rely on the power of self-belief to make their expectations a reality. This leads to a likely mismatch between plans and actual academic attainment. Keywords: achievement; career guidance; goal setting; self-belief; teenagers; tertiary education

Career Preparation and Choices of Fundamental Christian School Students

Forty years ago, Alan Peshkin began his study of fundamental independent Baptist Christian schools. With time, further insight can be gained on the outcomes of the students from these schools. Despite possessing employer-desired character traits, fundamental Christian school students were expected to earn few academic or career achievements. The purpose of this study is to determine if Peshkin’s expectations became reality. Thirty-five former Christian school students were surveyed anonymously regarding career preparation and choices. All survey participants have completed some higher education. Over one-fourth of the participants earned at least one graduate degree and an additional one-third of participants hold at least one bachelor’s degree. Survey participants have chosen a wide range of career paths.

Factors Affecting Research Productivity of Burn Surgeons: Results from a Survey of American Burn Association Members.

While previous studies have examined factors that affect research productivity for surgeons in general, few studies address research productivity specifically of burn specialists. This study aimed to identify factors that promote and impede research participation and productivity of burn surgeons and help elucidate what changes can be made by departments/divisions to improve the research productivity. A 44-question anonymous research survey tool was administered to burn surgeons who are members of the American Burn Association (ABA). The questions analyzed factors such as demographics, career accomplishments, current institution type, educational background, research background, barriers to conducting research, and current research productivity. Chi-square tests were used to analyze significance at P < .05. Most respondents reported not having any protected research time (71.4%) or resources provided by their institution (84.5%). A majority believed increasing regulatory policies/institutional review board restrictions have negatively impacted productivity (65.1%). Factors associated with positive impact on research productivity included having a mentor, conducting research prior to completing residency, and provision of research resources from the institution such as statistical support, start-up funds, grant writing support, and laboratory space. Age and sex had no statistical impact on research productivity. Burn surgeons are more likely to publish research and to receive grants when they have mentors, a history of research prior to completion of residency, and research resources from their institution. Barriers to research productivity include lack of institutional support, lack of protected research time, and increased regulatory policy.

The Effect of Giving Physical Punishments to Student Awareness of As-Shakireen School, Waeng, Narathiwat, South Thailand

One of the requirements for the process of conducting education can take place effectively, namely the enforcement of student discipline both in attendance and participation in the education process, namely the application of punishment. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of punishment on students, the method is descriptive method, because the descriptive method intends to solve the problem of describing something state / subject based objects on what it is. The form of research is an interrelationship study, namely by conducting data collection. The result of this study is percentage that has a comparative analysis of mild and severe penalties in the form of a ratio. Respondents clearly stated that physical punishment had an effect on students' academic / career achievements (65%) while mild physical punishment had an adverse negative impact (35%). Looking further at the effects of physical punishment, it was observed that severe and severe penalties prevented class participation, reduced attendance and increased the dropout rate shown by respondents as wise. According to the explanation above, it can be concluded that the application of penalties, especially physical punishment to students will make students feel depressed and afraid that will have an impact on student psychology.

Tackling Climate Change through Radiative Cooling

Jeremy Munday is currently an associate professor at the University of Maryland, College Park, and his work focuses on demonstrating new technologies based on novel physics and engineering. He received his PhD from Harvard University in 2008 and was a postdoctoral scholar at Caltech prior to his appointment at Maryland. Dr. Munday is the recipient of several awards including the DARPA Young Faculty Award, NSF CAREER Award, ONR YIP Award, the OSA Adolph Lomb Medal, the IEEE Photonics Society Young Investigator Award, the SPIE Early Career Achievement Award, and the NASA Early Career Faculty Space Technology Research Award.