Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation Research Articles

Evaluation of Nurses' Competence in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation at AL-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a widely acknowledged medical method that involves applying chest compressions and artificial ventilation to ensure sufficient blood circulation to the brain and other vital organs. Approach: An observational study was carried out at Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital between October 15, 2023, and March 30, 2024. A non-probability cross-sectional sample was selected from 50 nurses in the cardiac care, intensive care, emergency, and pulmonary resuscitation units. Information was collected by preparing a questionnaire. It was built for the study, and data was collected through a personal interview. The questionnaire consisted of two parts; the first part included 7. Paragraphs and the second part contain 25 paragraphs. Information was collected using a personal interview method for the study sample, and its credibility was determined by presenting it to 10 experts. Results: The results of the study indicated that the majority of nurses have little knowledge about cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The cognitive weakness of the nursing staff does not affect gender and age, nor does it affect the number of years of service, place of work, training, and efficiency of cardiac resuscitation. Still, there is a relationship between their knowledge and academic qualification. Recommendations: he emphasized the necessity of involving nurses in scientific rehabilitation courses related to cardiac resuscitation. It is necessary to conduct field research to stop this problem and stimulate nursing creativity in this field.

AN OUT OF HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST SURVIVOR WITH PRESUMED EMBOLIC MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: ROLE OF MULTI–MODALITY IMAGING

Abstract Background Myocardial infarction with non–obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) refers to a puzzling clinical entity that is characterized by symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome, demonstrates troponin elevation with inconclusive coronary angiogram. The underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms include atherosclerotic cause or non–atherosclerotic causes, such as coronary dissection or coronary embolus. A standardized approach that includes multimodality imaging is necessary to determine underlying aetiology and direct appropriate treatment. Case Summary A 57–year–old male was admitted to our hospital after experiencing cardiac arrest after physical exercise (swimming) treated immediately with cardiac pulmonary resuscitation and two defibrillator–delivered electrical shocks for shockable rhythm before return of spontaneous circulation. Relevant abnormal bloods included a hs–Troponin I elevation. Invasive coronary angiography demonstrated non–obstructed coronary arteries. Subsequent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated akinesia and an area of subendocardic late gadolinium enhancement in the inferior–lateral wall. This pattern was in keeping with an ischaemic cause, as a recent embolic myocardial infarction. Further investigations, including contrast bubble echocardiogram, were performed in order to identify a cause and source of the embolic infarction and led to the diagnosis of tunnel–like patent foramen ovale with right to left shunting, then confirmed on trans–oesophageal echocardiogram. The patient was treated as myocardial infarction most likely due to embolic phenomena in the presence of a PFO. Therefore, a transvenous ICD was implanted for secondary prevention and the patient underwent percutaneous closure of the PFO. Discussion and Conclusion MINOCA can occur in 5–15% of all acute coronary syndromes and represents a working diagnosis. It is important to identify the underlying aetiology of their presentation to appropriately manage them. In particular, where cardiac MRI demonstraded LGE areas ichaemic patterns, myocardial infarction due to secondary embolism should be considered and the next step in clinical management is to identify potential sources of emboli performing further assessments. Multi–modality imaging with cardiac MRI and echocardiogram (transthoracic, contrast bubble and trans–oesophageal) is important in correctly identifying any source of emboli and the diagnosis of any intra–cardiac shunt.

Lethal Complication in a Very Preterm Infant with Congenital Syphilis

Introduction: Congenital syphilis is a multi-organ infection caused by Treponema pallidum and transmitted from mother to fetus through uteroplacental circulation. Congenital syphilis is one of the main contributors to neonatal deaths in the United States. Case: A male infant was born by cesarean delivery from a G1P0 mother at 28 weeks of gestational age because of premature rupture of the membrane and anhydramnion. The mother had an untreated latent syphilis infection. The birthweight was 1,400 grams, the head circumference was 25 cm, and the body length was 35 cm. His APGAR score was 3-3-5 with severe asphyxia and respiratory distress syndrome. Multiple abnormalities were found, and the VDRL titre was 1/128. Cardiac-pulmonary resuscitation started immediately with 0.15 mg epinephrine through an intraendotracheal tube and continued with 0.02 mg epinephrine through intravenous access every 3 minutes. The baby was declared dead after 30 minutes of resuscitation. Conclusion: Congenital syphilis can cause lethal complications due to untreated latent syphilis suffered by his mother. The mother should undergo antenatal screening to prevent congenital syphilis.

Differences in Offline and Online Learning Methods for Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Knowledge and Skills In Final Level Nursing Undergraduate Students

The survival rate in cases of cardiac arrest outside the hospital is still low, besides that the public's knowledge about CPR is still limited, and there is a critical time limit for performing CPR. Therefore, the role of lay people, including nursing students, in CPR is important. Improving the knowledge and skills of nursing students in CPR through effective learning methods, one of which is using offline and online methods. This study aims to see differences in learning methods between offline and online methods in increasing the knowledge and skills of Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) in students of STIKes Hutama Abdi Husada Tulungagung. This research is a quasy experimental research with a posttest only control design approach. The research sample consisted of 56 students who were divided into two groups. The research instrument used questionnaires and observation sheets with statistical tests using Mann Whitney. The results showed that learning methods using both offline and online methods could significantly increase respondents' knowledge about CPR (p=0.002) but did not show a significant difference in respondents' skills in performing CPR (p=0.052). The two learning methods both offline and online have their respective effectiveness, where the online method is more effective in increasing students' knowledge and skills on RJP.

Pelatihan tentang Resusitasi Jantung Paru (RJP) untuk Siswa SMA Guna Membentuk Remaja Tanggap Henti Jantung

Cardiac arrest is an emergency condition that can be life-threatening and requires Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) treatment as soon as possible, so it is important to be able to perform CPR quickly and accurately. SMA N 1 Kuta and SMA N 1 Kuta Utara are located in Badung Regency, Bali Province. This activity aims to increase students' knowledge and skills in performing CPR quickly and precisely. The method used is using power point and phantom media, and an evaluation was carried out by giving a pre-test and post-test in the form of a questionnaire. The activities were carried out face-to-face at SMA N 1 Kuta and SMA N 1 Kuta Utara. This activity involved 44 Red Cross Youth of SMA N 1 Kuta and 57 Red Cross Youth of SMA N 1 Kuta Utara. The results of this activity have a positive impact in increasing the knowledge and skills in performing CPR.

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in acute myocardial infarction

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in acute myocardial infarction

EXPERIENCE OF EMERGENCY NURSE IN PERFORMING CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR) ON PATIENT WITH CARDIAC ARREST

Cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death in several countries, both inside and outside the hospital. About 295,000 people die in the USA due to sudden cardiac arrest and around 900 Americans die every day from cardiac arrest. The deaths that occur in the out of hospital and in of hospital areas and only 7% -8% survived (7). One of the causes of death is unable to handle rapidly and correctly, especially in implementation of Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) as management of providing first aid and chain of survival. Based on phenomena occurs, nurses cannot perform their roles proper to standards frequently, this is illustrated when nurses are faced with patients with cardiac arrest in the Emergency Room (ER). The research is a qualitative phenomenological study using a phenomenological descriptive, conducted in the Emergency Room Installation Room (IGD) Sanglah Hospital Denpasar. It took six participants who determined by purposive sampling. Each participant was interviewed for 40–90 min uses interview guidelines, (filed note) and also Voice Recorder as research instrument. This study has five themes: (1). Understanding of emergency nurses about cardiac arrest, (2). Understanding of emergency nurses about cardiopulmonary resuscitation, (3). Experiences of emergency nurses in carrying out CPR in cardiac arrest patients, (4). Things that support emergency nurses in performing CPR in cardiac arrest patients, and (5). The obstacles that the emergency nurses found in doing CPR with theme limited man resources and facilities. Most of them described that the things that support emergency nurses in carrying out CPR on cardiac arrest patients are the resus call team, the existence of complete facilities and tools, and the existence of legal aspects and systems that support it. The obstacles felt by emergency nurses in conducting CPR on cardiac arrest patients resulted in sub-themes, limited human resources and limited facilities.
 Keywords: Emeregency Nursing; Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR);Cardiac Arrest

Simulation and audio-visual learning method for knowledge of cardiac pulmonary resuscitation skills in nursing students

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted human activities, one of which is education, which requires a modification of learning. Online-based audio-visual learning methods are needed to deliver material until offline learning is active again so that learning activities can still be carried out. This study aims at a simulation and audio-visual learning method on cardiac, pulmonary resuscitation skills in nursing undergraduate students.Methods: The research uses a descriptive-analytic cross sectional approach. The variables in this study are simulation learning, audio-visual and knowledge of resuscitation. The sample was 83 respondents, and the sampling technique was probability sampling utilizing proportionate stratified random sampling.Results: The results showed that most of the respondents considered both simulation and audio-visual methods learning, 56 respondents (67.5%) and 62 respondents (74.7%), considered 27 respondents (32.5%) and 21 respondents (25.3%) bad. Knowledge of good category skills were 62 respondents (74.7%), and bad were 21 respondents (25.3%). Chi-Square test results obtained p-value 0.025 <a = 0.05.Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between learning method simulation and audio-visual methods on the knowledge of cardiac, pulmonary resuscitation laboratory skills in undergraduate nursing students in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Fast hypothermia induced by extracorporeal circuit cooling alleviates renal and intestinal injury after cardiac arrest in swine.

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was currently demonstrated to be an effective way to induce fast hypothermia and had proective effects on cardiac dysfunction and brain damage after cardiac pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In the present study, we aimed to investigate the influence of extracorporeal circuit cooling using CRRT on renal and intestinal damage after CPR based on a porcine model. 32 pigs were subjected to ventricular fibrillation for 8 min, followed by CPR for 5 min before defibrillation. All were randomized to receive extracorporeal circuit cooling using CRRT (CRRT, n = 9), surface cooling (SC, n = 9), normothermia (NT, n = 9) or sham control (n = 5) at 5 min post resuscitation. Pigs in the CRRT group were cooled by 8-h CRRT cooling with the infusion line initially submerged in 4 °C of ice water and 16-h SC, while in the SC group by a 24-h SC. Temperatures were maintained at a normal range in the other two groups. Biomarkers in serum were measured at baseline and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 30 h post resuscitation to assess organ functions. Additionally, tissues of kidney and intestine were harvested, from which the degree of tissue inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis levels were analyzed. The blood temperature decreased faster by extracorporeal circuit cooling using CRRT than SC (9.8 ± 1.6 vs. 1.5 ± 0.4 °C/h, P < 0.01). Post-resuscitation renal and intestinal injury were significantly improved in the 2 hypothermic groups compared to the NT group. And the improvement was significantly greater in animals received extracorporeal circuit cooling than those received surface cooling, from both the results of biomarkers in serum and pathological evidence. Fast hypothermia induced by extracorporeal circuit cooling was superior to. surface cooling in mitigating renal and intestinal injury post resuscitation.

EFFECTIVENESS OF HYPOTHERMIC THERAPY IN PATIENTS STOP HEART POST: LITERATURE REVIEW

Cardiac arrest has become one of the most unexpected, dramatic, and life-threatening events in the world of health. The increase in the number of patients who survived after cardiac pulmonary resuscitation has increased as more cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and defibrillation equipment are becoming easier to carry to various locations, but brain damage begins within minutes of cardiac arrest with the consequence of patients having their hearts beating again. and hospitalized unable to leave the hospital or in a vegetative state. Hypothermic therapy has been used frequently in cardiac surgery for several years for neurological protection. The data-based used in making this literature review are Google Scholar and Proquest. The keywords used in the search for articles on google scholar are "Therapeutic" and "Hypothermia" and "post" and "cardiac" and "arrest" and limit the publication year of 2011-2016. While the search on Proquest "Therapeutic" and "Hypothermia" and "after" and "cardiac" and "arrest". Based on the results of the literature search on google scholar, there were 9730, Pubmed 150, and ProQuest 2460. The screening results were 7,200 but only 9 journals were relevant to the topic. Hypothermic therapy can significantly improve neurological status in post-cardiac arrest patients even after the patient has been discharged from the hospital&#x0D; Keywords:Hypothermic Therapy; Post Cardiac Arrest

Effects of Asphyxia on Colony-forming Ability of Hematopoietic Stem Cell of Cord Blood

Background: Asphyxia is a medical situation resulting from the deprivation of oxygen to a newborn lasting long enough during the birth process to cause physical harm, especially to the brain. Human umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a well-established source of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. A low level of O2 in neonates with asphyxia during labor can affect proliferation and differentiation of stem cells in cord blood. Methods: The quality and colony-forming ability of hematopoietic stem cells in the cord blood of neonates with severe asphyxia with Apgar score 3-5or need to cardiac pulmonary resuscitation 5 min after delivery were compared with the group with normal Apgar score. Thereafter, hematopoietic stem cells were isolated, and cells were cultured in an enriched media (MethoCult H4435) special for HSPCs for 7 days to assess the growth and colony formation. Results: Based on the results, there was a significant difference in the number of colonies of RBC (P=0.0016) and WBC precursor (P=0.006), in a plate with 104 cord blood hematopoietic stem cells in newborns exposed to hypoxemia during labor. Conclusion: Umbilical cord blood is valuable for its content of stem cells. Severe hypoxia in the perinatal period does not negatively affect the viability of UCB-derived HSPCs to grow and form colonies. Furthermore, it was found that transient severe asphyxia does not exert negative effects on the banking quality of HSPCs for likely problems in the future.

Efektifitas Simulasi Resusitasi Jantung Paru Terhadap Kemampuan Penatalaksanaan Resusitasi Jantung Paru Anggota Brimob

Pendahuluan: Kurangnya kemampuan masyarakat dalam melakukan pertolongan pertama pada korban yang mengalami henti jantung disebabkan karena masih kurang pengetahuan yang dimiliki masyarakat khususnya tentang cara melakukan resuistasi jantung paru sehingga angka kematian akibat henti jantung meningkat.&#x0D; Tujun: mengetahui tingkat efektifitas simulasi resusitasi jantung paru terhadap kemampuan penatalaksanaan resusitasi jantung paru Anggota Brimob&#x0D; Desain: desain penelitian adalah pra eksperimental dengan pendekatan one-group pre test post test. Responden. Populasi semua anggota Brimob di Kompi 1 Batalyon C Pelopor Satbrimob Polda Jatim sebanyak 100 orang, dengan teknik accidental sampling didaptkan sampel sebanyak 25 responden.&#x0D; Hasil: penelitian menunjukan seluruh Anggota Brimob memiliki kemampuan dengan kategori kurang terampil dalam melakukan resusitasi jantung paru sebelum dilakukan simulasi yaitu sebanyak 25 (100%) responden, Hampir seluruh Anggota Brimob memiliki kemampuan dengan kategori terampil dalam melakukan resusitasi jantung paru setelah dilakukan simulasi yaitu sebanyak 22 (88,0%). Hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa tingkat signifikansi nilai p = 0,000 sehingga H1 diterima.&#x0D; Kesimpulan: ada pengartuh simulasi Resusitasi Jantung Paru terhadap kemampuan penatalaksanaan Resusitasi Jantung Paru (RJP) Anggota Brimob di Kompi 1 Batalyon C Pelopor Satbrimob Polda Jatim. Ketrampilan seseorang perlu diasah agar semakin trampil dalam melakukan bantuan hidup dasar bagi Anggota Brimob. Dengan diberikannya simulasi anggota brimob bukan hanya mendengar tetapi juga dapat melihat secara langsung tindakan yang dapat dilakukan ketika menemukan korban dengan henti jantung.

Targeted Temperature Management for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: 6 Years of Experience.

Targeted temperature management (TTM) is widely used for postcardiac arrest management of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, the use of TTM for patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TTM in the management of patients with IHCA. The medical records of all IHCA patients who were resuscitated and returned to spontaneous circulation from January 2011 to December 2016 were reviewed. After excluding patients with new do not resuscitate orders and those who died within 24 hours, 262 patients were eligible for analysis. Thirty-five of the 262 patients (13.3%) received TTM after IHCA. Patients who received TTM and standard supportive care (SSC) had similar baseline epidemiological status. The TTM patients were older and had a longer cardiac pulmonary resuscitation duration; however, the differences were not statistically significant. The 28-day survival rate was not significantly different between groups (12/35 in the TTM group [34%] vs. 114/225 in the SSC group [50%], p = 0.079). In the patients with good neurological status before arrest (Glasgow-Pittsburgh cerebral performance category [GP-CPC] scores: 1-2), there was no significant difference in the 28-day survival between groups (11/26 in the TTM group [42.3%] vs. 81/154 [52.6%] in the SSC group; p = 0.332). In this subgroup, the TTM patients had poorer neurological outcomes at discharge (GP-CPC score 1-2) than the SSC patients (1/26 in the TTM group [3.8%] vs. 57/154 in the SSC group [37%]; p = 0.001). TTM was not associated with better 28-day survival than usual care among the patients with IHCA in this study, and the TTM patients had less favorable neurological outcomes at discharge. Randomized clinical trials are needed to assess the efficacy of TTM for IHCA patients.

APPLICATION OF METHODS OF SIMULATION TRAINING AT THE DEPARTMENT OF POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION OF DENTISTS

The aim is to analyze the peculiarities of emergency care to dental practitioners at the department of postgraduate education of dentistry doctors for improving the quality of manual skills of the doctor in an outpatient department. Within the framework of the program, pilot trainings are held in Poltava and Lviv on the following topics: assistance in sudden coronary and sudden cardiac death, assistance with acute cerebrovascular accident, help with hypertensive crises, help with cardiac asthma and pulmonary edema. The training is carried out according to the methodological design and it consists of the theoretical and practical part. The training is provided by a certified teacher at the regional training and training center at M.V. Sklifosovsky Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital. The optimal number of listeners is 10-12 people. On the theoretical part the teacher represents the purpose, the plan of the lesson and in the logical sequence the material is presented. The theoretical part is equipped with a multimedia presentation. In the process, the teacher defines the basic level of knowledge and skills of listeners. In the practical part, the teacher initially determines the level of possession of clinical skills of doctors, teaches work on dummies, models real, simple and accessible to perception simulation scenarios. Doctors have to solve the tasks and practice practical skills from basic resuscitation measures. At the same time, an important place is given to work in the team. On phantoms, elements of the resuscitation brigade are worked out when providing emergency care to a patient with a terminal state (cardiac arrest) using cardiac-pulmonary resuscitation techniques (CPR). At the same time, artificial ventilation of the lungs (ventilation of the lungs) with exhalation in the mouth or the nose (mask) in the area of the head of the phantom is carried out. The modeling of the air duct is then modeled. This verifies the correctness of the laryngoscope in the oropharynx, and the introduction of the laryngeal mask. Doctors will work with Ambu's bag: the first hand fix the mask of the device in the area of the nose, the mouth of the phantom, and the other - by pressing the camera, the air is poured into the roton-nose area of the phantom with a certain frequency of pressure, followed by the use (if necessary) of an oxygen cylinder of type B. This checks the correctness of each reception. Conducting each manual reception and its effectiveness is fixed and processed by a computer program. The result is displayed on the monitor in the form of vital signs of the patient. In the case of effective doctor actions, the vital parameters of the "patient" on the monitor are normalized. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the manipulations is also carried out in balls. In the beginning, the trainer-instructor shows the order and correctness of carrying out emergency assistance measures on phantoms. In the future, monitors the implementation of manual techniques and assesses the actions of interns at each individual stage, emphasizing the correct implementation of the manual action. The sequence of the manual training on the "phantom-monitor" system gives confidence to doctors in the correctness and efficiency of manual skills. At the end of the practical cycle of training certified teachers of the department summarize the practical training with doctors-dentists. Practical training with the use of modern phantoms with computer processing of results helps to increase the competence of dental practitioners in providing emergency care and to ensure the use of the knowledge to improve the quality of medical care for patients.

THE INFLUENCE OF CPR MEASURES TRAINING TOWARD KNOWLEDGE AND MOTIVATION TO HELP THE VICTIM OF CARDIAC ARREST IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT OF DARUL HIJRAH PUTERA ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL

Cardiac arrest is the biggest dead cause in Europe. In Indonesia, it is estimated there are 10.000 cases of people who has cardiac arrest every year. However cardiac arrest can be handled with cardiac pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In Darul Hijrah Putera Islamic Bording School, CPR has not been ever conducted. The method of this research used pre experimental with pre-post test design approach. The technique of collecting the data was by using probability sampling with simple random sampling approach. The samples were 40 respondents. The instrument used knowledge and motivation questioner to obtain respondents’ data on 21st December 2017 in Darul Hijrah Putera Islamic Boarding School. The Result in this research was obtained (p-value 0,000&lt;α=0,05) on CPR action knowledge of the student and it was obtained (p-value= 0,000&lt;α=0,05) on the students’ motivation result. It explains that giving training about RJP to the students affect the knowledge and help the victim of cardiac arrest in student high school in Darul Hijrah Putera Islamic Boarding School. Â

Attitudes and experiences of Family Presence During Resuscitation (FPDR) among Swedish nurses and physicians in cardiac care units

Purpose: FPDR has proved to help families in their grieving process. International guidelines recommend that family should be offered presence during cardiac pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Staff often doubt the benefit of FPDR. The aim was to explore staff's attitudes and experiences towards FPDR in Sweden.

Improvement of Nurse Competence in Puskesmas In Handling Emergency Response to Cardiac arrest case for Reduce Mortality Rate In Pre Hospital Order Through Training Pulmonary Heart Resuscitation In Pangandaran District

There are many cardiac arrest events in the community that can not be saved because they do not get the right and quick action due to the ignorance and the inability of the nurses of the puskesmas to provide emergency response to cardiac pulmonary resuscitation. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the main action in cardiac arrest and stop breath, which can increase life expectation. Goal to be achieved in the implementation of this program is increased ability of nurse puskesmas in performing action of heart resuscitation of lung. The specific targets of the activities are the increased ability of health center nurses on the ability to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation with the latest guidelines and the implementation of a structured training program on pulmonary cardiac resuscitation at community health center nurses on an ongoing basis. Solutions offered to overcome the problem is the training of Lung Heart Resuscitation (RJP) to nurses Puskesmas. Training activities conducted for one day include pre-test evaluation, material exposure, rjp skills training and post training evacuation. The result showed that there was significant difference between attitude value and perceived behavioral control between before and after training, whereas there was no difference of subjective norm value between before and after training. Training on updating and increasing the competence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be done regularly and periodically. Routine and periodic training needs to be done to improve nursing services, especially cardiovascular emergency

HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK PERAWAT DENGAN PEMAHAMAN PENERAPAN RESUSITASI JANTUNG PARU (RJP) DI RUANGAN IGD DAN ICU RSUD DR. ACHMAD MOCHTAR BUKITTINGGI TAHUN 2017

&#x0D; Cases of coronary heart disease are increasing in developed and developing countries and it is estimated that by 2020 cases of coronary heart disease have reached 82 million cases. More than 60% of coronary heart disease burden globally occurs in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship Understanding Application Characteristics Nurse With Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) in the ER and ICU hospital room Dr.Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi Year 2017. This research method used descriptive analytic study designs Correlation approach, then the data is processed by using Chi Square test. The sample in this study as many as 33 people responden. Obtained statistical test p value = 0.014 (p &lt;α), it can be concluded the Relationship Age Nurse With Application Understanding Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), the value of p value = 0.003 (p &lt;α ), It can be concluded that there is a relationship of Nurses education with the understanding of Implementation of Pulmonary Heart Resuscitation (RJP), obtained p value = 0,031 (p &lt;α) it can be concluded the existence of work relationship Nurses With Understanding Implementation of Pulmonary Heart Resuscitation (RJP) value = 0.010 (p &lt;α), it can be concluded their tenure gender relations nurse With Application understanding Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). Suggestion in this research is The result of this research can be picture in improving health service especially in application of Lung Heart Resuscitation (RJP).

Energetic death: The unknown phase of thanatology

The large amount of classifications about the concept of death from a medical-legal perspective leads us to think that there are still many aspects to accurately define that precise moment in which the end of our earthly existence is considered as a final and unalterable fact. An answer to such a question may come from a retrospective analysis of those victims of impending-death situations that have been rescued after both basic and advanced cardiac pulmonary resuscitation failure and their consequent medical-legal death declaration. The aim of the following work is to introduce a new phase within forensic thanatology, supported by a complementary resuscitation maneuver based upon millennial traditional Chinese medicine principles together with a detailed analysis of current global agreements on organ transplantation and an avant-garde perspective on actual knowledge about cell death. Those terms will then allow us to achieve a holistic view of said concept, still loosely defined at present. Such an innovative diagnostic-therapeutic resource can in turn enable us to evaluate and face the irreversibility of such extreme situation, analyzing the statistical feasibility of its promising results.

Health care in high school athletics in West Virginia.

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of implementation of emergency preparedness procedures and administrative procedures to provide appropriate medical coverage to high school athletics in the predominantly rural US state of West Virginia. Particular attention was given to determine the extent to which the schools provided the recommendations for best practice in the National Athletic Trainers Association consensus statement outlining appropriate medical coverage for high school athletics. A listing of all public schools participating in the state high school athletic association with at least one team participating in interscholastic competition was obtained from the state Department of Education office. An electronic survey was sent to the principal at each high school with instructions that an administrator or sports medicine professional complete the survey. A total of 62 respondents completed the survey (49.6% response rate). Most respondents were principals (92%), followed by athletic administrators (8%). The majority of schools reported a rural zip code at the school level based on the Rural Urban Community Area Codes. Measures assessed the school demographics, including size and rurality. Additional measures assessed the development and implementation of a comprehensive athletic healthcare administrative system, and the development and implementation of a comprehensive emergency action plan. The majority of respondents reported that there was a consent form on file for student athletes (91%) and comprehensive insurance was required for participation (80%). A third of the respondents (33%) reported that all members of the coaching staff were certified in first aid and cardiac pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and 31% reported 'never' when asked if all coaches were required to be certified in CPR and first aid. When asked if there was a written emergency action plan (EAP) that outlines procedures to follow in emergency situations during athletic participation, 36% responded 'never' and 38% responded 'always'. When asked about specific limitations for health care to athletes the three main themes identified in qualitative analysis were lack of funding, lack of certified medical personnel, and the inability to locate certified medical personnel in a rural area. This study confirmed expected barriers to health care for high school athletes in West Virginia, specifically the lack of funding and resources available to rural schools. In order to prevent a life threatening emergency or possibly sudden cardiac death, preparing and planning for emergencies should be an essential part of high school athletic programs. Rural areas face significant challenges in regards to funding and qualified personnel. Requiring first aid and CPR certification for coaches and requiring an EAP are two steps that could improve the health care provided to athletes. These are inexpensive and achievable steps that could be taken to improve the safety for athletes at high schools in both rural and non-rural areas.