ABSTRACT Traditional hydrogels face limitations in suppressing coal spontaneous combustion due to their reliance on physical mechanisms (heat absorption and oxygen isolation) and lack of chemical inhibition, compounded by intricate preparation procedures. To address these limitations, this study developed a CAA-TA composite hydrogel with synergistic physical-chemical inhibition properties. The hydrogel was synthesized using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as the matrix, acrylamide (AM) and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) as copolymerization monomers, and tannic acid (TA) as an antioxidant. The optimal formulation was determined by optimizing gelation time, water retention, and permeability to meet mine fire prevention requirements. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful grafting of AM-AMPS onto the CMC backbone, while hydrogen bonding interactions between the hydroxyl groups of CMC, phenolic hydroxyl groups of TA, and N-H groups of AM contributed to a stable three-dimensional network structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a dense wrinkled surface and honeycomb-like porous morphology, which enhanced water confinement through physical entrapment and capillary effects, endowing the hydrogel with high water retention and stability. Programmed heating tests highlighted superior low-temperature inhibition, with CAA-TA treated coal exhibiting 52.2% and 56.7% reductions in CO emissions at 100°C and 180°C, respectively, outperforming TA-free counterparts. Fire suppression trials demonstrated rapid temperature reduction from 800°C to 88.9°C within 30 min without re-ignition, surpassing conventional CAA hydrogels. The CAA-TA composite hydrogel achieves efficient coal spontaneous combustion inhibition through a synergistic mechanism combining heat absorption/oxygen isolation and radical scavenging/antioxidant effects. This study advances the design of multifunctional fire-retardant materials through rational integration of physicochemical strategies.

Curcumin is a bioactive polyphenol with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may contribute to blood pressure reduction. This study aimed to evaluate the antihypertensive and histopathological effects of curcumin in hypertensive rats. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups (n = 6 per group). Hypertension was induced over 14 days by administering 2% NaCl in combination with prednisolone (13.5 mg/kg body weight [BW]). Subsequently, the animals received once-daily oral treatment for 7 days as follows: Group A, captopril, 2.25 mg/kg BW; Group B, curcumin, 100 mg/kg BW; Group C, curcumin, 200 mg/kg BW; and Group D, vehicle control, 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured before and after the treatment period, and cardiac tissues were collected for histopathological analysis. Both curcumin-treated groups exhibited significant reductions in diastolic and systolic blood pressure postintervention, with the greatest effect observed in Group C. A histological study demonstrated reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis in the curcumin-treated groups compared with the control group. The antihypertensive effect of curcumin was comparable to that of captopril and was dose-dependent. Curcumin exerts significant antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects in hypertensive rats.

Regrettably, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains the deadliest form of brain cancer, with a very unfavorable prognosis for life expectancy for the patient. We report, for the first time, the green colloidal synthesis of cobalt-doped magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Co-MNPs) as aqueous ferrofluids, using two anionic polysaccharide biopolymers, hyaluronic acid (HA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), as surfactants. These ferrofluids based on magnetite nanoparticles (HA@Co-MNP and CMC@Co-MNP) demonstrated superparamagnetic properties and magnetic-to-thermal conversion upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF), with the extent of conversion dependent on surfactant type. In addition, the ferrophase acted as a nanozyme, mimicking peroxidase-like activity in response to hydrogen peroxide, which is present at higher levels in tumor cells. The coupling of magnetic-heat capabilities with biocatalytic behavior enhances glioblastoma cell elimination and suppresses 3D neurospheroid growth. The results also showed that active targeting based on the HA biopolymer shell, due to its affinity for CD44 membrane receptors overexpressed in GBM, outperformed CMC-coated ferrofluid analogs. These magnetocatalytic-responsive nanoplatforms offer a broad avenue for the diagnosis and therapy of numerous cancers, potentially improving patients’ quality of life and prognoses.

A water-based synthesis and electrode fabrication protocol for sodium-rich Prussian blue (Na–PB) cathodes designed for sustainable aqueous sodium-ion batteries was adopted. Using a citric-acid-assisted co-precipitation method followed by aqueous Na⁺ ion exchange, the process consistently yielded 3.113 g of high-quality Na–PB per 400 mL batch under mild conditions (<80 °C). Electrodes were fabricated via doctor-blade coating onto aluminium foil using a biodegradable carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder and conductive additive, completely eliminating toxic organic solvents. X-ray diffraction confirmed a highly crystalline cubic (slightly rhombohedral-distorted) phase with low [Fe(CN)₆] vacancy content (<10%), while scanning electron microscopy revealed uniform cubic particles ranging from 200 to 800 nm. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis indicated moderate specific surface areas (12–18 m² g⁻¹) with mesoporous characteristics. The results demonstrate that structurally optimized Na–PB cathodes can be produced through an environmentally benign and scalable approach, and future work should incorporate electrochemical performance evaluation and long-term cycling studies to support practical battery applications.

Aldehyde-mediated carboxymethylcellulose/gelatin-based injectable dual network hydrogel with antimicrobial and adhesion properties for rapid hemostasis and wound repair.

Carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels for flexible electronics: From design to applications.

Development of bioactive cassava starch/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose coatings incorporating green selenium nanoparticles and cinnamon oil for prolonging citrus postharvest life.

Preparation of thymol-loaded Pickering emulsion gel film and its application in wound healing.

Eco-friendly and active carboxymethyl cellulose film integrated with eggshell powder and tea polyphenols for beef and apple preservation.

Hierarchically reinforced hydrogel nonwoven dressings based on carboxymethyl cellulose and silver-loaded chitosan fibers for enhanced diabetic wound healing

Carboxymethyl cellulose/sodium alginate composite films encapsulated with turmeric essential oil-in-water nanoemulsion and gallic acid for grapes preservation.

A Hierarchical core-shell nanohybrid for dual-stimuli-responsive antifungal delivery against Botrytis cinerea.

Dietary carboxymethylcellulose metabolite promotes heart allograft rejection through induction of pro-inflammatory macrophages via lysophosphatidic acid.

Effects of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose on the stability and polishing performance of cluster magnetorheological polishing fluid

Effect of carboxymethyl cellulose on structural, physicochemical, and textural properties of faba bean protein/carboxymethyl cellulose emulsion gel as a plant-based ricotta cheese analog

Cotton fabrics engineered for superior antibacterial and antiviral performance by incorporating a quaternary ammonium compound linked via a carboxymethyl cellulose bridge

Sprayable MXene composited carboxymethyl cellulose/pectin hydrogel with photothermal enhanced antibacterial for full-thickness skin wound healing.

Depression enhancement of carboxymethyl cellulose on galena by copper ions modification in flotation of chalcopyrite

Drilling mud is a drilling fluid used to transport cuttings to the surface and assist in identifying subsurface formation layers; therefore, proper drilling mud design is essential for the success of drilling operations. One common problem in drilling activities is insufficient mud viscosity, which necessitates the addition of additives. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is commonly used to improve mud viscosity; however, its synthetic nature may pose environmental concerns. This research investigates the use of organic waste in the form of sunflower seed shells as an environmentally friendly alternative additive. Sunflower seed shells contain natural components, including cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which may enhance mud viscosity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of sunflower seed shell powder on the rheological properties of drilling mud and to compare its performance with that of CMC. The research was conducted through laboratory experiments at the STT Migas Balikpapan Laboratory. Rheological tests included viscosity over time, plastic viscosity, yield point, gel strength, mud cake thickness, and filtration loss. Mud samples were prepared with the addition of CMC and sunflower seed shell powder at concentrations of 1 g, 3 g, and 5 g. The results show that increasing the concentration of sunflower seed shell powder improves the rheological properties of drilling mud and reduces filtration loss. Although its performance is lower than that of CMC, sunflower seed shell powder demonstrates potential as an environmentally friendly alternative additive for drilling mud.

A green and clean phycocyanin-reinforced sodium alginate-based composite hydrogel sphere for selective and effective capture of Pb2+ in seaweed juice concentrates.