Tripartite motif-containing protein 44 (TRIM44), a unique member of the TRIM family that lacks the canonical RING domain, has recently attracted significant attention for its broad oncogenic potential across diverse malignancies. Accumulating evidence indicates that TRIM44 is markedly overexpressed in cancers, including colorectal, gastric, lung, breast, ovarian, and prostate carcinomas, as well as glioblastoma, multiple myeloma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mechanistically, TRIM44 drives tumor progression by modulating critical signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), primarily through stabilizing regulatory proteins or participating in non-coding RNA- mediated networks. In addition to its role in cancer, TRIM44 has been implicated in cardiovascular dysfunction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetic complications, and neuroinflammation, underscoring its biological versatility. This review provides an overview of current evidence regarding the multifaceted roles of TRIM44 in both oncogenic and non-oncogenic diseases. By integrating insights from oncology, cardiology, neurology, and metabolic research, this review offers a unified perspective on TRIM44 as a pivotal molecular hub and an emerging diagnostic and therapeutic target.

Abstract We present a novel design for a miniaturized choke ring structure, optimized for operation in the L5/E5a and L1/E1 frequency bands (1.176 and 1.575 GHz). The choke rings are vertically stacked and enable to achieve geodetic-grade multipath suppression while minimizing the planar footprint of the antenna. The measured performance of an antenna on the proposed choke rings (20 cm diameter) in the anechoic chamber has shown improved cross-polarization discrimination with front-to-back ratio > 22 dB. The developed structure is also compared to a canonical (horizontally stacked) choke ring structure and can achieve comparable or even better performance while having a significantly smaller footprint. This is also confirmed through GNSS field test results, where the residual multipath is obtained for the standalone antenna, the antenna on canonical choke rings and the antenna on the proposed choke rings, with clear improvements in terms of multipath suppression obtained with our proposed structure.

Abstract We establish the Noether inequality for all projective 3‐folds of general type with geometric genus where is the canonical volume. This result resolves all remaining cases of the Noether inequality for 3‐folds.We further investigate the moduli spaces of canonical 3‐folds with small genera and minimal volumes. For a 3‐fold of general type with geometric genus 2 and with minimal canonical volume , we prove that its canonical model is a hypersurface of degree 16 in , which gives an explicit description of its canonical ring. This implies that the coarse moduli space , parameterizing all canonical 3‐folds with canonical volume and geometric genus 2, is an irreducible unirational variety of dimension 189. Parallel studies show that is irreducible, unirational, and 236‐dimensional, and that is irreducible, unirational, and 270‐dimensional. As being conceived, every member in these three families is simply connected.

Tripartite Motif-Containing 44 (TRIM44) is responsible for cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. However, the role of Siniperca chuatsi TRIM44 (scTRIM44) during viral infection remains unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the molecular characteristics of scTRIM44 and its role in infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), largemouth bass virus (LMBV), and Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) infection. ScTRIM44 contained one B-box domain (B, 166–207 aa) and a coiled-coil domain (CC, 279–309 aa), but lacked the canonical RING domain of E3 ubiquitin ligases. The scTRIM44 mRNA was expressed relatively high in immune-related tissues. The mRNA expression of scTRIM44 significantly decreased in vivo and vitro post-ISKNV and -LMBV infection. However, the expression of scTRIM44 mRNA showed significant up-regulation post-SCRV infection. ScTRIM44 positively regulated SCRV infection in CPB cells, but copies of ISKNV and LMBV showed no significant alteration in over-expressed or knocked-down scTRIM44 cells. Moreover, scTRIM44 positively regulated RIG-I- and MDA5-mediated interferon molecule signaling. These data suggested that scTRIM44 promoted SCRV infection by positively regulating RIG-I- and MDA5-mediated interferon molecule signaling, but didn’t regulate ISKNV and LMBV infection. This research provided a comprehensive insight into the antiviral activity of scTRIM44.

We isolated a stress-tolerance-related gene from a genome library of Synechococcus sp. NKBG15041c. The expression of the gene in E. coli confers resistance against various stresses. The gene encodes a MoxR AAA+ ATPase, which was designated SyMRP since it belongs to the MRP subfamily. The recombinant SyMRP showed weak ATPase activity and protected citrate synthase from thermal aggregation. Interestingly, the chaperone activity of SyMRP is ATP-dependent. SyMRP exists as a stable hexamer, and ATP-dependent conformation changes were not detected via analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) or small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Although the hexameric structure predicted by AlphaFold 3 was the canonical flat-ring structure, the structures observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were not the canonical ring structure. In addition, the experimental SAXS profiles did not show a peak that should exist in the symmetric-ring structure. Therefore, SyMRP seems to form a hexameric structure different from the canonical hexameric structure of AAA+ ATPase.

In this paper, we study an algebraic fiber space in positive characteristic whose generic fiber F has finitely generated canonical ring and sufficiently large Frobenius stable canonical ring.An example of such a case is when F is F -pure and its dualizing sheaf is invertible and ample.We treat a Fujita-type conjecture due to Popa and Schnell concerning direct images of pluricanonical bundles, and prove it under some additional hypotheses.As an application, we show the subadditivity of Kodaira dimensions in some new cases.We also prove an analog of Fujino's result regarding his Fujita-type conjecture.

Background. Tripartite motif-containing 22 (TRIM22) is characterized by a canonical RING domain with ubiquitin E3 ligase activity and is closely associated with tumorigenesis. As a product of TRIM22 transcription, whether hsa_circ_TRIM22 has a function of regulating tumorigenesis is unclear. Thus, we aimed to explore the role and mechanism of hsa_circ_TRIM22 in human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 positive cervical cancer (CC). Methods. We collected HPV16-positive cervical tissues including chronic cervicitis, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), and CC, and along with CC cell lines to detect the hsa_circ_TRIM22 level using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Hsa_circ_TRIM22 was silenced using specific short hairpin ribonucleic acid (shRNA) in CC cell lines and functional assays were performed thereafter. Mechanistically, the targeting and regulatory relationship between hsa_circ_TRIM22 and miR-154-5p were confirmed using the luciferase report assay and rescue experiments. Results. We found hsa_circ_TRIM22 expression level was significantly higher in CC cells and tissues. Further, hsa_circ_TRIM22 knockdown inhibited migration, proliferation, invasiveness, enhanced apoptosis, and slowed the cell cycle. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_TRIM22 could bind miR-154-5p and prevent miR-154-5p from reducing the levels of Cullin2 (CUL2). Notably, the application of miR-154-5p inhibitor significantly rescued hsa_circ_TRIM22-mediated tumorigenesis. Conclusions. Our observations suggest hsa_circ_TRIM22 is upregulated in HPV16-positive CC and promotes CC progression by regulating the miR-154-5p/CUL2 axis, thereby serving as a promising candidate for diagnosis and treatments of CC.

Influence of heteroatoms and substituents on structural and spectroscopic parameters of saturated six-member ring heterocycles: experimental and theoretical study of 1-methyl-1-germacyclohexane

Derived invariance of the Albanese relative canonical ring

The equivariant Hilbert series of the canonical ring of Fermat curves

Generalizing the classical theorems of Max Noether and Petri, we describe generators and relations for the canonical ring of a stacky curve, including an explicit Gröbner basis. We work in a general algebro-geometric context and treat log canonical and spin canonical rings as well. As an application, we give an explicit presentation for graded rings of modular forms arising from finite-area quotients of the upper half-plane by Fuchsian groups.

In this letter we propose a data-driven approach to optimizing the algebraic connectivity of a team of robots. While a considerable amount of research has been devoted to this problem, we lack a method that scales in a manner suitable for online applications for more than a handful of agents. To that end, we propose a supervised learning approach with a convolutional neural network (CNN) that learns to place communication agents from an expert that uses an optimization-based strategy. We demonstrate the performance of our CNN on canonical line and ring topologies, 105k randomly generated test cases, and larger teams not seen during training. We also show how our system can be applied to dynamic robot teams through a Unity-based simulation. After training, our system produces connected configurations over an order of magnitude faster than the optimization-based scheme for teams of 10-20 agents.

We show that finitely generated Cox rings are Gorenstein. This leads to a refined characterization of varieties of Fano type: they are exactly those projective varieties with Gorenstein canonical quasicone Cox ring. We then show that for varieties of Fano type and Kawamata log terminal quasicones X, iteration of Cox rings is finite with factorial master Cox ring. In particular, even if the class group has torsion, we can express such X as quotients of a factorial canonical quasicone by a solvable reductive group.

The automorphism group of a curve is studied from the viewpoint of the canonical embedding and Petri’s theorem. A criterion for identifying the automorphism group as an algebraic subgroup the general linear group is given. Furthermore, the action of the automorphism group is extended to a linear action on the generators of the minimal free resolution of the canonical ring of the curve X.

Conformational diversity of 1‑chloro-1-chloromethylsilacyclohexane with experimental (Raman and IR) and computational (DFT, MP2) methods

A structure result for Gorenstein algebras of odd codimension

L’anneau log canonique d’une paire plt projective de dimension de Kodaira deux est finement engendré.

We prove that the log canonical ring of a projective log canonical pair with Kodaira dimension two is finitely generated.

This study aims to determine the relationship between the physical features of a compressible vortex and the mixing process. Such relationship is of significant importance to design combustors that can achieve optimal or most effective mixing. The passive scalar mixing induced by the formation of a canonical compressible vortex ring (CVR) generated at the end of a shock tube is investigated by using numerical simulation. In addition, the method of finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) field are detected to identify the region of CVR, as well as to analyze the passive scalar mixing during the CVR formation. As the CVR rolls up, the ambient fluid outside the shock tube is entrained into the ring. The entrainment fraction (the mass of entrained fluid to the total mass of CVR) is found to strongly depend on two features of CVRs. One is the compressibility of CVRs, which is characterized by the Mach number of the incident shock denoted by Mach number (Ma). The other is pinch-off of CVRs, which happens at a certain timescale with narrow range of 2–4. As Ma increases, the entrainment fraction of the leading CVR decreases linearly due to smaller vortex core and weaker radial diffusion of vorticity generated by larger compressibility. After CVRs pinch off, trailing vortices appear and show less effective at entrainment than the leading CVRs do. Moreover, the tendency of the rate of entrainment is examined. The results indicate that increasing compressibility and total fluid flux are in favor of the rate of entrainment but restrain the entrainment fraction of total jet.

Effect of polymer solutions on the propagation and structure of freely translating vortex rings