Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in Saudi Arabia, with early detection playing a critical role in improving survival outcomes. However, screening uptake remains suboptimal, particularly among younger women. To address this gap, this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of young women in the Jazan region and identify key demographic and behavioral predictors influencing breast cancer screening uptake. A cross-sectional study (N = 480) was conducted between January and March 2024. A structured, validated questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic characteristics and KAP regarding breast cancer. The primary outcomes assessed were knowledge, attitude, and practice scores. Statistical analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics, Pearson's correlation, and logistic regression to identify predictors of breast self-examination (BSE). Most participants were young, single Saudi students residing in urban areas. The mean scores were: knowledge (3.66 ± 0.66), attitude (4.09 ± 0.58), and practice (3.81 ± 0.73). Moderate-to-strong positive correlations were observed between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.569, p < 0.001) and between knowledge and practice (r = 0.567, p < 0.001), indicating meaningful associations among the three domains. Age differences were evident, with both the youngest (< 25 years) and oldest (> 45 years) groups demonstrating comparatively higher knowledge scores. Participants in health-related specializations also showed higher knowledge levels (mean = 3.78 ± 0.66), suggesting a notable effect of academic background. Logistic regression demonstrated that age (26-35 years) substantially increased the likelihood of performing BSE (adjusted OR = 12.422; 95% CI: 1.12-137.95), while having two to three children markedly reduced the odds (adjusted ORs = 0.051-0.065). Additionally, non-Saudi participants had lower odds of practicing BSE (crude OR = 0.212; 95% CI: 0.06-0.72), highlighting demographic disparities in screening behaviors. Age, education, specialization, and family responsibilities significantly influence women's breast cancer knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors, including BSE and screening uptake. Targeted, population-specific awareness strategies are essential to enhance early detection practices and reduce the breast cancer burden in the KSA.

Protocol paper for an implementation science approach to promoting colorectal cancer screening in Federally Qualified Health Center Clinics: A stepped-wedge, multilevel intervention trial.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women, with cases increasingly found in younger populations. Early detection through breast self-examination (BSE) is an effective preventive measure, yet knowledge among Indonesian adolescents remains limited. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of audiovisual and leaflet-based education in improving knowledge of BSE among adolescent girls. Method: A quasi-experimental two-group pretest–posttest design was conducted among seventh- and eighth-grade female students at SMP Negeri 1 Peterongan, Jombang, Indonesia. From a population of 264 students, the sample size was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan formula, yielding 157 participants. To balance the groups, 160 students (80 per group) were recruited. Proportional random sampling was applied. Knowledge levels were measured using a validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and One-Way ANOVA. Result: Before intervention, most students in the audiovisual group demonstrated poor knowledge (52.5%), while most in the leaflet group had moderate knowledge (50%). After intervention, knowledge levels significantly improved in both groups (p &lt; 0.001). In the audiovisual group, 90% achieved good knowledge, whereas in the leaflet group, 60% maintained moderate knowledge. One-Way ANOVA confirmed a significant difference between groups (p &lt; 0.001), with audiovisual media showing greater effectiveness. Conclusion: Audiovisual education proved more effective than leaflet-based education in enhancing adolescent girls’ knowledge of BSE. Integrating audiovisual methods into school health programs may strengthen early breast cancer awareness and prevention efforts among young populations. Keywords: Breast self-examination, adolescent girls, audiovisual media, leaflet, health education.

Background: Cervical cancer is primarily caused by persistent infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) and is considered one of the most preventable forms of cancer. Early detection through regular screening is essential, as it enables the identification of precancerous cervical cell changes and allows for timely intervention and treatment. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge regarding cervical cancer screening and its utilization. Methods: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted among 464 married women residing in Ward No. 13 of Pokhara Metropolitan City. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire that included items on demographic characteristics, reproductive history, awareness of cervical cancer and its screening, and the utilization of screening services. Results: A total of 464 married women participated in the study. Among them, 419 (90.3%) had heard of cervical cancer. Among those who had heard of cervical cancer, 377 (90%) demonstrated poor awareness of cervical cancer and its screening. Only 82 women (17.7%) had undergone cervical cancer screening, and among those screened, 50 (61%) reported having a Pap smear test. The most commonly reported reason for not undergoing screening was the absence of perceived health problems, followed by inadequate knowledge about the test. Factors such as educational status, occupation, age at marriage, parity, and age of childbirth showed a significant association with screening awareness. Conclusion: Although most participants had heard of cervical cancer, the overall level of awareness was poor, and the utilization of screening was low. Targeted culturally sensitive educational interventions and awareness programs are needed to improve knowledge and promote regular cervical cancer screening among married women.

Awareness of cervical cancer and its correlates among junior high school students in Eastern China: a cross sectional study.

Aims: Breast cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women globally. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness regarding breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE) practices among women, and to explore the influence of professional background specifically employment in healthcare on awareness levels, as well as the associations between awareness and demographic variables.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between August and September 2025 at a tertiary healthcare institution. A total of 481 women aged 18 years and older were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that evaluated sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge about breast cancer, BSE practice behaviors, and screening awareness. Results: While 66.7% of participants reported the ability to perform BSE, only 19.3% engaged in regular monthly practice. Knowledge concerning the optimal timing and conditions for BSE was suboptimal, reported by 38.3% and 43.2% of participants, respectively. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between age and awareness level (p

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Lung cancer screening is recommended to individuals with a history of heavy cigarette smoking; it is proven to be effective in reducing lung cancer-related mortality, but the uptake remains low. In this project, we employ a hybrid model to ensure consistent screening for tobacco use and lung cancer screening eligibility, provision of tobacco cessation care, shared decision making for lung cancer screening, subsequent completion of screening, and navigation to follow-up care as needed, in Northeast Texas. The project is a partnership between a comprehensive cancer center, a university-affiliated hospital system, and a Federally Qualified Health Center. The intervention is designed as a hybrid lung cancer screening program, with a mix of centralized and decentralized features, to deliver high-quality tobacco cessation and lung cancer screening care for individuals in Northeast Texas. Major components of the intervention include training clinicians in shared decision making for lung cancer screening and tobacco cessation interventions; ensuring consistent screening for tobacco use and identification of patients eligible to lung cancer screening; provision of tobacco cessation interventions; and lung cancer screening completion support and navigation for further care, including follow-up testing and lung cancer treatment, as needed. Through a hybrid care model, the project aims to enhance the quality of tobacco cessation care and shared decision making for lung cancer screening, increase screening uptake by eligible patients, and promote adherence to follow-up care and annual screening. The project also contributes to increased awareness of lung cancer and lung cancer screening in the community through dissemination and outreach strategies.

Abstract Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) play a pivotal role in early detection, treatment, prevention and education strategies for breast cancer. However, there is limited data assessing their own levels of awareness and knowledge in resource-constraint settings. This survey aims to identify the gaps in breast cancer awareness among HCWs in Mangalore, a prominent healthcare hub in Southern India. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted from June to July 2025 among 45 HCWs, including doctors from non-oncological specialties, nurses, paramedical staff, interns, and resident doctors, across four tertiary care hospitals in Mangalore. The validated questionnaire assessed knowledge of breast cancer risk factors, symptoms, available treatment options and attitudes toward breast self-examination (BSE) and clinical breast examination (CBE). Data were analysed using SPSS v28; Chi-square tests determined statistical significance. Results: Majority of the participants were final year students and residents (65%). None of them were breast cancer survivors. Few of them reported family history of breast cancer (6.5%). In first and second degree relatives (6%). Surprisingly, only 11% of participants correctly identified all major risk factors, while 60% of them correctly understood the signs and symptoms. Only 40% of the participants in the survey were aware of all treatment modalities and 60% of them knew the routine investigations for follow up. Almost 88.8% reported to be aware of BSE monthly, and 35.5% of them believed mammogram could cause radiation exposure. Awareness scores were significantly higher among doctors compared to nursing and allied staff with the bias of difference in participation numbers (p&amp;lt;0.01). Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrates a critical and concerning gap in breast cancer awareness among healthcare providers — a gap that directly undermines early detection efforts and compromises patient outcomes. As frontline influencers of public health behavior, healthcare workers must not only advocate for cancer awareness but embody it. It is imperative that institutions implement structured breast health education, mandate annual clinical breast examinations (CBEs) for staff, and integrate awareness assessments into regular training programs. Investing in HCW education is investing in community cancer control. Citation Format: S. S. Rao, V. V. Shetty, V. Rajendra. Behind the Stethoscope: Breast Cancer Awareness Gaps Among Healthcare Workers : A Wake Up Call from Coastal South India [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2025; 2025 Dec 9-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2026;32(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS3-05-07.

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is a major public health concern in Sierra Leone, contributing significantly to female cancer mortality. Late-stage presentation, lack of screening infrastructure, pervasive stigma, and absence of a national cancer registry hinder effective intervention [1,2]. Limited healthcare access, insufficient trained professionals, and low public awareness further exacerbate the crisis, necessitating community-based solutions and public health education [3]. Patients typically presented only when symptoms were severe, reflecting widespread unawareness, myths, traditional/religious beliefs and financial/geographic barriers to care [4]. Methods: This study presents data from community outreach and screening initiatives conducted by the Thinking Pink Breast Cancer Foundation (TP), a Sierra Leone-based nonprofit, and its collaboration with Breast Cancer Hub (BCH), a U.S.-based nonprofit established in 2017, that joined forces with TP in 2021. BCH expanded the impact through treatment aid for underprivileged patients since 2021 and launched the “One Community Per Month Campaign” in 2024, promoting monthly free screenings and awareness campaigns in schools, markets, and underserved communities. Data was collected by field teams and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: From 2012 to 2024, 20,968 individuals (19,719 females and 1,249 males) were screened. Of these, 5,537 showed abnormal symptoms such as pain, itching, swelling, or nipple discharge, leading to ∼26.41% abnormality. During the 2024 “One Community Per Month Campaign,” 772 individuals (683 females, 89 males) were screened, and 91 abnormal cases were identified for further evaluation. Overall, we executed 1,169 lumpectomies. A total of 164 breast cancer cases were confirmed—all at advanced stages. Among them, 100 patients underwent mastectomy, while 63 advanced cases were untraceable due to family-related challenges. Mortality was extremely high: 100 patients died (92 females, 8 males), with only one known survivor. Alarmingly, knowledge of breast cancer symptoms was negligible. None of the participants reported ever performing a Breast Self-Exam (0%) or undergoing a Clinical Breast Exam (0%). Between 2012 and 2024, none of the 4,419 individuals over 40 years (4,328 from general outreach and 168 from the 2024 One Community-Per Month campaign) had ever received a screening mammogram or breast ultrasound—reflecting a 0% prior screening rate in this high-risk group. Visits to healthcare facilities were typically initiated only after symptoms became severe. Geographic and financial barriers, lack of awareness, and limited access to diagnostic services were significant contributors to delayed care. Discussion: The findings highlight a critical public health gap in breast cancer awareness, screening, and early intervention in Sierra Leone. Late-stage diagnoses and near-total mortality among confirmed cases underscore the urgent need for national breast cancer programs. TP and BCH have pioneered community-centered approaches, providing free screenings, awareness education, and patient aid. Their collaborative model demonstrates the potential for grassroots action to drive systemic change. Continued expansion of such programs, combined with national policy support, is essential to reduce preventable deaths and improve survival outcomes in Sierra Leone.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN 1, Wermer syndrome) is a group of heterogeneous inherited diseases, caused by hyperplasia or neoplastic transformation of several endocrine glands. MEN 1 syndrome is characterized by variable combinations of endocrine disorders. Cancer awareness in patient with diagnosed and genetically confirmed multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome relatives plays an important role.This case demonstrates a non-classical manifestation of the disease with neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas, accompanied by hiperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, and the subsequent detection of primary hyperparathyroidism.

The Traveller population is a distinct minority ethnic group, formally recognised by the Irish Government in 2017. Irish Travellers have a lower life expectancy and poorer health expectancy than the general population. Internationally, HPV self-sampling is being considered as an option to improve uptake in cervical screening, particularly in underrepresented groups. It is not currently offered in Ireland, but assessment of acceptability is ongoing. The aim of this study was to determine the uptake of cervical screening and the acceptability of HPV self-sampling in eligible Traveller women. A face-to-face survey by and with Travellers, adapted from the National Cancer Control Programme's (NCCP) 2022 National Survey on Cancer Awareness, was conducted by Traveller Community Health workers in partnership with Pavee Point Traveller and Roma Centre. 483 Travellers participated; 306 (63.1%) were women and 191 (39.5%) were in the eligible group for cervical screening (women aged 25-65). Of these, 142 (74%) had ever received an invitation; of those who received an invitation, 125 (89%) attended at least once. Over 73% of those attending cervical screening advised they attended all screening appointments. 37 (19.4%) reported HPV self-sampling as acceptable, 87 (45.5%) as unacceptable to them and 31 (16.2%) were unsure and would like more information. Of the 37 who reported HPV self-sampling as acceptable, 18 (50%) were non (7) or irregular (11) attenders at screening. HPV self-sampling has the potential to overcome, for some Traveller women, the practical and personal barriers which may prevent them from responding to standard cervical cancer screening.

Awareness of Breast Cancer and Its Risk Factors Among Medical Students of North India

Male breast cancer exhibits a higher mortality rate compared to female breast cancer; however, it remains under-researched in terms of its potential consequences. This study explores men’s knowledge of male breast cancer (MBC) in Ghana. Using a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with twenty-two (22) purposively and conveniently selected participants between the ages of 18 and 70. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze participants’ knowledge of male breast cancer. The findings revealed that most participants, including community members, a male breast cancer patient and a survivor, had limited and inaccurate knowledge of female breast cancer and no awareness or knowledge of male breast cancer. Nevertheless, these knowledge gaps did not deter participants from seeking healthcare, as most expressed willingness to undergo screening for early indicators of breast cancer. The study recommends increased education and awareness about male breast cancer through targeted community outreach.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the awareness and understanding of breast cancer (BC) etiology among Jordanian women and identify associated demographic factors.Materials and MethodsA multiregional cross-sectional survey of 381 women was conducted via online snowball sampling. BC knowledge was assessed using a translated version of the Breast Cancer Awareness Measure. Statistical analyses included univariate and bivariate tests, followed by a multivariate ordinal logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders.ResultsOnly 39.9% of participants demonstrated proficient comprehension of BC etiology. Knowledge correlated significantly with age, marital status, and expertise (p < 0.05). Awareness was highest among single pharmacy students; notably, 64.8% were single pharmacy students, potentially inflating overall scores. A misconception was identified: 66.1% believed a diagnosis in one breast reduces risk in the other. Age 41–50 (OR = 5.23) and holding a diploma (OR = 0.09) were significant predictors of knowledge compared to postgraduates, while marital status was not significant in the model.ConclusionsEducational backgrounds significantly influence breast cancer awareness among Jordanian women. There is an urgent need for targeted, community-based training programs to address persistent clinical misconceptions and knowledge gaps, specifically focusing on married women and individuals working or studying in non-medical fields, to improve overall public health standards nationwide.

Assessment of risk factors of breast cancer in the general population provides insightful information towards prevention of breast cancer. This study aimed to assess the risk factors of breast cancer among women in a community from a resource-limited setting in sub-Saharan Africa. This descriptive community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dodoma, Tanzania, from July to December 2020. The study included women aged between 18 and 70 years. The data were analyzed using SPSS program version 25.0. Independent t-test was used to compare the mean age of the participants for the availability of risk factors of breast cancer. A two-tailed p < 0.05 was considered significant. A total of 354 women were analyzed, and the median age was 27.0 (23.0–35.3) years. Only 11.8% (n = 18) of all the participants did not have any of the risk factors examined. Not engaging in physical activity was the most frequent risk factor which accounted for 68.2% (n = 242) of all the participants. There were more 60.7% (n = 215) of the study participants with a low mean age (22.9 ± 3.5) who had more than 5 risk factors compared to 39.3% (n = 139) of the participants with a high mean age (25.3 ± 9.4) who had more than 5 risk factors, with no statistically significant difference (95% CI = 0.91–2.22, p = 0.31). There is a large proportion of women younger than 40 years in the population of Tanzanian women with many risk factors of breast cancer. This may contribute to the currently observed increase in the incidence of breast cancer in Tanzania for women aged less than 40 years. Therefore, there is an urgency for targeted awareness and screening for breast cancer among younger women in Tanzania so as to increase early detection and diagnosis.

Shorter time to diagnosis may lead to better cancer outcomes in Southern Africa. This study measured the time from symptoms to first healthcare visit (patient interval; PI) and diagnosis (diagnostic interval; DI) and associated factors for breast, cervical and colorectal cancer in Zimbabwe and South Africa (SA). A cross-sectional survey collected data on socio-demographics, cancer awareness, barriers to seeking care, symptoms, healthcare visits and diagnosis after recent cancer diagnosis. Cox regression was used to determine factors associated with PI and DI. This study included 1021 participants (Zimbabwe 396, SA 625). Symptom and risk factor recall was low. Median PIs were shorter than DIs across cancers and regions. For breast cancer, those reporting more health-seeking barriers had longer PIs (Zimbabwe HR 0.801, 95% CI 0.703 to 0.913; SA HR 0.885, 95% CI 0.817 to 0.958), while greater emotional response to symptoms was associated with a shorter PI (Zimbabwe HR 1.194, 95% CI 1.101 to 1.295; SA HR 1.145, 95% CI 1.079 to 1.216). Interpreting a cervical symptom as serious (Zimbabwe) was associated with a shorter PI. DIs were longer in less-resourced regions and increased with number of healthcare visits before diagnosis. Significantly shorter DIs occurred when the first provider was a clinic doctor or specialist compared with a clinic nurse. Efforts to improve timely cancer diagnosis in Zimbabwe and SA should focus on supporting primary healthcare providers in managing and referring symptomatic patients, enhancing cancer symptom awareness and interpretation, and addressing barriers to care.

Abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has become a major focus of improving health care in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to contribute to existing literature by examining themes within Sierra Leonean women’s knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and HPV as well as associations with different demographics. In this cross-sectional, door-to-door study, we conducted 189 interviews with women in rural and urban Sierra Leone using a questionnaire with four sections: demographics, women’s perception and knowledge of cervical cancer, perception of the HPV vaccine, and demand-generating strategies. Among our findings were the overwhelming preference for Western medicine among participants and low awareness of cervical cancer, the HPV vaccine, and HPV. However, the vaccine is widely welcomed. Additionally, there is a statistically significant (p &lt; .01) relationship between formal education attained and willingness to take the HPV vaccine. Policymakers and program directors may apply these results to the enhancement of immunization efforts.

Lung cancer is among the most lethal cancers worldwide and ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Uzbekistan. Despite its growing burden, public knowledge and participation in early screening remain poorly understood in the region. This study aimed to assess general awareness, attitudes, and practices related to lung cancer and its screening among the adult population of Uzbekistan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January 25 and February 3, 2025, involving 561 participants from all 14 regions of Uzbekistan. A structured, validated questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic data, lung cancer knowledge, risk perception, and willingness to participate in screening. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t-tests, ANOVA, and multivariable analysis, such as linear regression and logistic regression were employed to examine associations between knowledge scores and demographic variables. Knowledge was categorized as poor, moderate, or good. Only 4% of participants demonstrated good knowledge, while 79% had poor knowledge about lung cancer and its early detection. Although 73.2% recognized smoking as a major risk factor, only 37.4% were aware of early screening methods such as low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). Higher knowledge scores were significantly associated with older age, higher education, income, and urban residence (p < 0.05). Gender and smoking status were not significantly correlated with knowledge levels. This nationally representative study reveals substantial gaps in public awareness of lung cancer and its screening in Uzbekistan. Targeted public health interventions focusing on youth, rural populations, and individuals with lower educational backgrounds are urgently needed. Expanding educational outreach and increasing access to early detection services may significantly improve outcomes and reduce mortality in high-risk populations.

IntroductionInterval breast cancers are detected symptomatically after a non-suspicious mammogram, but before the patient's next scheduled screen. Interval breast cancers are often diagnosed at a later stage and larger size, and have poorer prognostic factors and survival than screen-detected breast cancer. Our qualitative study heard from women with interval breast cancer to describe their symptoms and their reactions to the diagnosis; and identify themes for educational messaging.MethodsWe conducted 20 in-depth interviews with participants who were between the ages 40-69, had all screening, diagnostic, and treatment services completed within the same hospital system, and had a negative mammogram screen followed by breast cancer diagnosis before the next screen.ResultsFifteen women noticed a lump cyst during a breast self-exam or when dressing. Most women reached out to their gynecologist or their primary care provider. Main themes from their reactions to the diagnosis included: unaware that interval breast cancers could occur; surprised that screening tools could not see all cancer; worried to being seen as ridiculous based on previous experience with non-cancerous breast issues, and disappointed that they waited to reach out for care. Ideas for messaging included: listen to your body, prioritize your health, and keep doing breast self-exams.ConclusionBreast cancer prevention programs should focus on the awareness of interval breast cancers and the importance of breast self-exams and self-awareness in conjunction with screening mammograms.

Knowledge, awareness and practices regarding human papillomavirus vaccine amongst secondary school girls and mothers in North India.