Canadian Style Research Articles

Malting quality and preharvest sprouting traits are genetically correlated in spring malting barley

Key messageMalt for craft “all-malt” brewing can have high quality, PHS resistance, and malted in normal timeframes. Canadian style adjunct malt is associated with PHS susceptibility.Expansion of malting barley production into non-traditional growing regions and erratic weather has increased the demand for preharvest sprouting (PHS) resistant, high quality malting barley cultivars. This is hindered by the relatively unknown relationships between PHS resistance and malting quality. Here we present a three-year study of malting quality and germination at different after-ripening durations post physiological maturity. Malting quality traits alpha amylase (AA) and free amino nitrogen (FAN) and germination rate at six days post PM shared a common association with a SNP in HvMKK3 on chromosome 5H in the Seed Dormancy 2 (SD2) region responsible for PHS susceptibility. Soluble protein (SP) and soluble over total protein (S/T) both shared a common association with a marker in the SD2 region. Significant genetic correlations between PHS resistance and the malting quality traits AA, FAN, SP, S/T were detected across and within HvMKK3 allele groups. High adjunct malt quality was related to PHS susceptibility. Selection for PHS resistance led to a correlated response in malting quality traits. Results strongly suggest pleiotropy of HvMKK3 on malting quality traits and that the classic “Canadian-style” malt is caused by a PHS susceptible allele of HvMKK3. PHS susceptibility appears to benefit the production of malt intended for adjunct brewing, while PHS resistance is compatible with all-malt brewing specifications. Here we present our analysis on the effect of combining complexly inherited and correlated traits with contrasting goals to inform breeding practice in malting barley, the general principles of which can be extended to other breeding programs.

Black Canadians in theCanadian Journal of Communication: A Critical Reading of Language and Voice in Its Publishing History

Background: This article is a response to #CommunicationSoWhite—Canadian style. It probes what articles about Black Canadians have been published in the Canadian Journal of Communication’s (CJC’s) history, and what has been the focus of these articles in terms of race, racism, and colonialism.Analysis: Using critical discourse analysis, this article examines language and voice in seven articles that focus on media representation of Blackness and/or Black visibility/invisibility.Conclusion and Implications: Over a 20-year period, the CJC’s corpus on Black Canadians changed. The articles moved from simplified or stereotypical representations of Black culture to giving agency and voice to a heterogeneity of Black experiences. This article asks readers to consider how and when Black Canada will move from the margins of Canadian communication studies to the centre.

Toward an Audit of Race and Canonicity in Canadian Communication Syllabi

Background: This Research in Brief documents preliminary work toward a larger study entitled “Race and Canonicity in Canada: Communication Studies so White?” It was presented as part of a triple panel on “#CommunicationSoWhite: Canadian Style” at the 2021 annual meeting of the Canadian Communication Association.Analysis: Mobilizing this rationale earlier in the research stage ties its work to the discursive interventions in this issue.Conclusion and Implications: This preliminary work gets people thinking about how their syllabi might shake up staid structures.

Edward de Bono: physician, psychologist, and inventor who coined the term “lateral thinking”

Credit: Roy Zhao One of five children, Edward Charles Francis Publius de Bono was born in Malta, to Joseph de Bono, a seventh generation Maltese physician, and Josephine (nee O’Byrne),...

Problematizing Hybridity and Third Place in The Immigrant

The study purveys the hybrid nature of the first generation of settlers in The Immigrant. Manju Kapur has imbibed the bourgeois characteristics in the characters like Ananda, Dr Sharma and Nina. Identity crisis, a quest for self-identity and a contrast in Indian and Canadian style of living is predominantly evidenced in the novel, which leads to the idea of third place. This paper significantly identifies an unquenchable need for third places in the immigrants. The findings are of two parts: the first part identifies the hybrid qualities of the characters and the second part of the paper spots the need for third places in the characters. Further study correlates the characteristics of the Third Places with the places found in the novel by stating those as a source of elevation from the clutches of westernisation. The amalgamation of Hybridity and ‘Third Places’ theories dissect the novel whereby justifies the title of the paper.

On the Margins of the Margins: #CommunicationSoWhite—Canadian Style

AbstractCanada is defined by its commitment to multicultural diversity, tolerance and liberalism that belie the dominant whiteness of our institutions, including academia. Canadian Communication Studies, despite its history of attending to the power dynamics of the center and the margins, is no exception to this rule. Studies of racism and colonialism are confined to the corners of the discipline, reflecting the lack of representation in communication departments, the canon, and in the field’s flagship journal. This sharply contrasts the prevalence of contemporary issues concerning race, religion, nationalism, nationwide Indigenous movements and anti-racist campaigns, as well as mobilizations against police violence, Islamophobia, and pipelines. Colonialism, race and racialization are central to the framing of these issues and demand urgent attention.

Working Scientist podcast: Science and government, Canadian style

Mona Nemer tells Julie Gould about her role as Canada's chief scientific adviser and how she aims to strengthen science in the country. Come to Canada: Mona Nemer on her role as Canada's chief scientific adviser, the country's research landscape, budgetary challenges, and why mentorship matters.

Reforming the United Nations Security Council, Canadian style: the Trudeau era and beyond

ABSTRACTThis essay draws on Canadian archival evidence to examine three Canadian initiatives to promote reform within the United Nations Security Council (UNSC): an effort to institutionalize meetings of council foreign ministers in 1977, one to broaden the Security Council’s mandate in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and Ottawa’s inconsistent attitude toward UNSC enlargement. The Canadian experience reveals both the limitations and the possibilities of non-permanent member and non-member influence on the UNSC in an era of increasing globalization. In short, reform is difficult. Non-permanent members must arrive at the council with a concrete plan, pursue that plan comprehensively, and aim to institute changes that can be sustained without their presence. What came to be known as the human security agenda – an attempt to institutionalize a broader understanding of international security for a post-colonial world – in the mid-1990s ultimately fit those criteria; the other initiatives did not.

From stride to regional pride? Cape Breton piano accompaniment as musical and cultural process

ABSTRACTDuring the twentieth century, piano accompaniment was introduced into the Scottish-based Canadian style of fiddling on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. This dynamic and fast-evolving form of extemporised accompaniment developed a distinct style and has influenced fiddle accompaniment elsewhere in North America. This article offers a brief history and stylistic analysis of Cape Breton piano accompaniment, and locates it within the tradition–innovation dialectic which remains important in Cape Breton’s fiddle scene. Through ethnographic interviews and archival work, I theorise the style as an outcome of ‘glocalisation’, where endogenous and exogenous elements are mixed and balanced both in the piano style itself and the discourse around it.

US punitiveness ‘Canadian style’? Cultural values and Canadian punishment policy

From the mid-19th century until 2006, Canadian official policy statements (from both Liberal and Conservative governments) made it clear that offending was seen as largely socially determined and that it was the state’s responsibility to try to reintegrate those who offend back into mainstream society. In this context, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil, to be avoided wherever possible. The era since 2006 looks considerably more American than Canadian. The policy elite in Canada has taken the position that those who commit offences are inherently ‘bad’ people and qualitatively different from ‘ordinary law abiding’ Canadians. Exclusionary responses are privileged as those who commit offences are seen as having chosen to forfeit their rights of full citizenship. Several broader (cultural and political) ramifications of this punitive shift in the normative orientation expressed by policy-makers in Canada are discussed.

Defense Policy “Walmart Style”

As the government of Canada cuts back on defense spending after years of significant increases, critics lament the supposed lack of a “grand strategy” when it comes to military expenditures. But the current reductions are actually a return to traditional Canadian grand strategy, albeit one that is not that “grand.” Put in retail shopping terms, Canada has tended to follow an economizing Walmart approach to defense spending as opposed to a more upscale Saks Fifth Avenue style. Though often criticized as nothing more than “free riding,” this approach may be more accurately described as “easy riding.” It is one that was deliberately and carefully chosen by successive Canadian policy makers, acting in accordance with “realism Canadian style.” It allowed the country to achieve security at home and to use the justifiably highly regarded Canadian Armed Forces to participate in a limited, yet effective and internationally appreciated manner in overseas military engagements as a stalwart Western ally without endangering the economy and social programs by spending more on defense than was absolutely necessary. While the Walmart approach can be taken too far, in these times of fiscal austerity when national budgets are difficult to balance without cutting defense spending and when interventionist exhaustion is afflicting many Western governments, including the United States, the lessons from the Canadian experience should resonate with policy makers and analysts well beyond Canada.

Penal reform ‘Canadian style’: Fiscal responsibility and decarceration in Alberta, Canada

To fulfil a political promise to eliminate the provincial fiscal deficit, the (conservative) Premier of Alberta cut all budgets by roughly 20 per cent in 1993–1994. As an unanticipated by-product, this political solution to a political problem resulted in a 32 per cent decrease in provincial imprisonment between 1993 and 1997. Economic imperatives created the catalyst for changes in imprisonment policies. However, the types of change and the mechanisms for achieving them reflected Canada’s specific history, culture and politico-legal structures. Decarceration was consistent with core Canadian values rooted in the long-standing belief in the need for restraint in the use of imprisonment and a lack of faith in its effectiveness as a crime control strategy. On the surface, this case study is yet another example of decarceration. However, the interactive and multi-factorial explanatory model underlying Alberta’s reduction in its prison population raises questions about not only single factors or simple additive models as explanations for changes in penal policies but also uni-dimensional solutions to jurisdictions in need of fiscal restraint. The historical and cultural embeddedness of Alberta’s decarceration alerts us to its country-specific nature and the need to situate imprisonment in a broader set of concerns.

Hedge Fund Activism Canadian Style

The forthright brand of shareholder activism hedge funds deploy became during the 2000s a significant feature of Canadian corporate governance. This paper examines hedge fund activism “Canadian style.” The paper characterizes the interventions hedge funds specialize in as “offensive” shareholder activism and uses a heuristic device, “the market for corporate influence”, to identify the variables that dictate how frequent such activism is likely to be. This analytical structure is used to explain why hedge fund activism has become part of the Canadian corporate governance landscape and has displaced at least partly a Canadian shareholder “culture of passivity.”

Co-Digestion Canadian Style: A Full-Scale Pilot Facility at British Columbia's Largest WWTP

Co-Digestion Canadian Style: A Full-Scale Pilot Facility at British Columbia's Largest WWTP

Marc Maufort and Caroline de Wagter, eds. Signatures of the Past: Cultural Memory in Contemporary Anglophone North American Drama

MARC MAUFORT and CAROLINE DE WAGTER, eds. Signatures of the Past; Cultural Contemporary Anglophone North American Drama Bruxelles, Bern, Berlin, Frankfurt am Main, New York, Oxford, Wein: P.I.E. Peter Lang, 2008. 314 pp. Originating a conference at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles 2007, this inclusive collection of critical essays on postmodern and postcolonial Canadian and American drama English provides a detailed consideration of In his Introduction, Marc Maufort acknowledges both the genetic and generic affinity between the dramatic production of the two countries (11) and the and divergence respect to identities, exilic predicaments, and multi-ethnic subject positions (11-12), leaving the field wide open for the following twenty essays. Although he offers the proviso the notion of 'cultural memory' is not only an attribute of ethnic difference (14), most of the essays focus on minority cultures both countries, placed opposition to an assumed homogenous white majority In this collection, the recurrent motif of interculturalism is positioned both positively and negatively: the Canadian essays construct intercultural ism as conciliatory, whereas the Latina (American) essays view it as a form of cultural genocide. Only a few of the essays undertake useful cross-border comparisons which identify and similarity terms of cultural memory. Craig Walker's opening piece, 'Hopeful Memories and Doomed Freaks.' Evolutionary Overtones Canadian and American Drama, draws on the environics research of Michael Adams Fire and Ice (2003) to launch a provocative analysis of four Canadian performances which embody patterns of hope and fulfillment, and six American plays which enact harsher Darwinian principles with respect to survival terms of their monstrous protagonists. Other critical border crossings, however, occlude historical differences, as is the case Jacqueline Petropoulos's 'The Ground on Which I Stand'. Rewriting History, African Canadian Style, which interprets Djanet Sears's Adventures of a Black Girl Search of God and Harlem Duet terms of drawing on African American culture as part of the larger project of rewriting and reclaiming blackness an African Canadian and diasporic context (80). Harry f. Elam's Remembering Africa, Cultural Memory more convincingly places Djanet Sears an American context, a comparison with Lorraine Hansberry and Suzan-Lori Parks, implicitly demonstrating Sears's acknowledged debt to Hansberry. Although these acclaimed women playwrights (32) differ many respects, their plays position cultural memory in service of identity construction and racial repositioning the present (32). His essay, like many the collection, is informed by Diana Taylor's The Archive and the Repertoire and Paul Connerton's How Societies Remember, which insist on the performativity of cultural memory. Ric Knowles elaborates on Taylor's thesis Performing Intercultural the Diasporic Present. The Case of Toronto. He begins with the questionable categorical assertion that [a]ll memory bridges difference (49), and then clearly establishes his terminology, distinguishing interculturalism from Canada's much vaunted policy of multiculturalism, which he believes commodif[ies] or exoticiz[es] difference (49) and which constructs memory as nostalgic. He effectively mines Toronto's complex intercultural performance ecologies(49) for his diverse case studies, which move from the individual effort to suture a divided cultural identity to the communal building of shared cultural memory, to the actual constitution of new forms of community through prosthetic' memory-making (52): Fish Eyes by South Asian Canadian Anita Majumbar, Singkil by Filipina Canadian Catherine Hernandez, The Sheep and the Whale by Moroccan Canadian Ahmed Ghazali, and The Scrubbing Project by the Turtle Gals Performance Ensemble. …

“This Famous Duke of Milan of Whom So Often I Have Heard Renown”: William Hutt at the Stratford and New Burbage Festivals

William Hutt left an indelible mark on Canadian theatre, representing for audience members and critics the epitome of a distinctly Canadian style of classical acting. It is this reputation, writes ROBERT ORMSBY, that the writers of the hit series, Slings and Arrows, played with to great effect when they cast Hutt as a King Lear-like character in the show's final season.

Violence, Canadian style

Violence, Canadian style

Violence, Canadian style.

Violence, Canadian style.

Political Marketing Canadian Style? The Conservative Party and the 2006 Federal Election

This study investigates the change in Conservative Party behaviour during the 18 months between the 2004 and 2006 Canadian federal elections. It asks: How did the Conservative Party strategy influence the shift in voter preference during the 2006 Canadian federal election? The approach taken to address this question is rooted in the emerging field of Political Marketing. Using the Lees-Marshment taxonomy of party behaviour as a framework for analyzing the election outcome, this paper demonstrates how market intelligence was incorporated into the Conservative Party’s strategy to influence voter perceptions.

Some Interesting Lessons From Canada

Back to table of contents Next article Taking IssueFull AccessSome Interesting Lessons From CanadaSteven S. Sharfstein, M.D., Steven S. SharfsteinSearch for more papers by this author, M.D., president and chief executive officer, Sheppard Pratt Health System, and president, American Psychiatric AssociationPublished Online:1 Mar 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.57.3.297AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Many psychiatrists, including myself, advocate for universal access to health care for all Americans. I have always favored a single-payer approach like the Canadian system, in which everyone is covered for needed treatment, including psychiatric treatment. A key barrier to gaining access to care is economic discrimination, and the push toward parity in this country is a major effort to overcome the historic difficulty of our patients' and families' receiving effective care. We often point to Canada as the model of nondiscriminatory coverage and equal access for all.But what if a universal, single-payer approach provides for better access for people with higher incomes and lower morbidity than for those in lower socioeconomic groups with serious mental illness? What if parity does not lead to equity? A study by Steele and colleagues in this issue of Psychiatric Services demonstrates that in the Toronto area, beneficiaries in higher socioeconomic neighborhoods were nearly twice as likely as those in lower socioeconomic neighborhoods to use psychiatric care. More visits, more claims, and lower morbidity all characterized the claimants in the higher socioeconomic neighborhoods.This well-designed study demonstrates to those of us who advocate for a Canadian style of universal insurance that equal access to care with no financial barriers is not equal for all people. The disconnect between service need and service use by socioeconomic class reflects issues such as language and cultural barriers, stigma, and the fact that psychiatrists prefer a caseload that consists of mildly depressed or anxious patients who come regularly for visits rather than patients with chronic psychosis or addiction who may miss appointments and have emergency needs. Regardless of the reasons for this disparity in access to care, one question must be, Why should everyone pay taxes if people from higher socioeconomic strata use services disproportionately? Should these less ill, wealthier patients pay for more of these services themselves?The single-payer Canadian system has no copayments or deductibles and no managed care. Should these economic incentives be introduced for persons of a higher socioeconomic status, and if so, how? Will these incentives undermine the basic goal of universal coverage and access? In this country, we use copayments and deductibles to deal with issues of use and potential overuse of services. In addition, we use managed care reviewing the "medical necessity" of treatment. Would managed care effectively address the equity issue in Canada? In a universal health care access plan in the United States, could managed care help avoid the distributive equity problem experienced in Canada? We will not overcome the equity problem of equal access to care by just providing economic access. We need to do more. FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited ByBMJ Open, Vol. 5, No. 3BMC Health Services Research, Vol. 15, No. 1Mental Health Service Use Among Chinese Adults With Mental Disabilities: A National SurveyNing Li, Ph.D., Wei Du, Ph.D., Gong Chen, Ph.D., Xinming Song, Ph.D., and Xiaoying Zheng, Ph.D.1 July 2013 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 64, No. 7Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, Vol. 39, No. 2Perceived Barriers to Mental Health Service Utilization in the United States, Ontario, and the NetherlandsJitender Sareen, M.D.Amit Jagdeo, M.D.Brian J. Cox, Ph.D.Ian Clara, M.A.Margreet ten Have, Ph.D.Shay-Lee Belik, B.Sc.Ron de Graaf, Ph.D.Murray B. Stein, M.D., M.P.H.1 March 2007 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 58, No. 3LettersPhelps M. Robinson, M.D.1 June 2006 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 57, No. 6LettersRobert Sommer, Ph.D.1 June 2006 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 57, No. 6LettersH. Steven Moffic, M.D.1 May 2006 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 57, No. 5LettersJennifer M. Park, M.D.Ravi Hariprasad, M.D.Lawrence T. Park, M.D.1 May 2006 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 57, No. 5LettersJordana R. Muroff, M.S.W., Ph.D.Scott Y. H. Kim, M.D., Ph.D.1 May 2006 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 57, No. 5LettersEllen M. Weissman, M.D., M.P.H.Dawn M. Moot, M.A.Susan M. Essock, Ph.D.1 May 2006 | Psychiatric Services, Vol. 57, No. 5 Volume 57Issue 3 March 2006Pages 297-297 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 March 2006 Published in print 1 March 2006