Canadian Arctic Expedition Research Articles

British Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1936–39

<i>British Canadian Arctic Expedition</i>, 1936–39

British Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1936–39

<i>British Canadian Arctic Expedition</i>, 1936–39

Some Zoological Aspects of the Canadian Arctic Expedition of 1929

Some Zoological Aspects of the Canadian Arctic Expedition of 1929

The People of the Twilight

MR. JENNESS, as a member of the Canadian Arctic Expedition of 1913–18, spent two years with the Eskimo around Coronation Gulf. His headquarters were Bernard Harbour, and he made long visits to the little-known trade station in the south-west of Victoria Island. In these visits he cut himself off from the habits of the white man and lived the life of the Eskimo. The result is one of the most intimate studies of Eskimo habits and ways of life that has yet been published. He writes well, with sympathy for his friends and a real understanding of their problems. Although the book is meant for popular reading, it is one of the most valuable works on Eskimo life that has yet appeared. It adds much also to our knowledge of the natural history of the Canadian Arctic.

The Geographical Work of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

The Geographical Work of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

The Geographical Work of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

The Geographical Work of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

Geographical Determinations of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

Geographical Determinations of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

Marine and Fresh Water Invertebrates Collected by the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 [Review

Marine and Fresh Water Invertebrates Collected by the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 [Review

An Australasian Biological Collecting Expedition

THE native animals and plants of Australia are of - exceptional interest, and many of them are likely to disappear, or at least to become rare, as the result of the extension of the settled areas of the country-a process which has already been in operation for many years. The Trustees of the British Museum, recognising the importance of securing an adequate representation of this remarkable fauna and flora while there is yet time, have made arrangements for a collecting expedition, which started from London a few days ago. Mr. G. H. Wilkins, to whom the leadership has been entrusted, has special qualifications for carrying out his task with success. He is Australian by birth, and he has a good knowledge of the country, where he has many friends from whom he may expect to receive valuable assistance. He has travelled extensively in various parts of the world, and he has already acted as naturalist to several important expeditions. He spent four years, 1913–1917, on the coast of Alaska and in the Beaufort Sea, as a member of the Stefansson Canadian Arctic Expedition. In 1920 he visited Graham Land with the Cope Expedition, and in 1921–22 he was with the Shackleton-Rowett Expedition, in the Quest, visiting South Georgia and the Antarctic Quadrant from Enderby Land to Coats Land. On the return journey valuable collections were made at Gough Island.

Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913–18 Vol xii: The Life of the Copper Eskimos

The report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18, is planned to include at least sixteen volumes. This, the ethnographical volume, is the work of Mr. D. Jenness, a graduate of the University of New Zealand, who received his anthropological training at Oxford, and is already known as the author of an important book entitled "The Northern D'Entrecasteaux."Mr. Jenness lived for some years in the tents and snow-houses of the Eskimo, and though he says little of his personal difficulties, the companionship of his Eskimo hosts and their strange food must have been a trying experience. With the help of a devoted missionary, the Rev. H. Girling, who unfortunately died of pneumonia at Ottawa in 1920, he has been able to prepare a singularly valuable account of life in all its phases among the Copper Eskimos, whose headquarters are on the Coppermine River. Fortunately for them, this land lies in the track of the Great Caribou migration when the herds move northward in the spring. They are then able to collect stores of meat and skins, and from this and the seals and fish, which are abundant, their wants are supplied. Formerly their hunting Was done with bows and arrows, but these are now replaced by rifles, and it would be well for the Canadian Government to consider whether the use of improved weapons should not be controlled in the interests of game preservation.

Arctic Medusæ

WE have received copies of parts of the Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913–18; the Medusæ and Ctenophora are dealt with by Dr. H. B. Bigelow, the Polychæta by Dr. R. V. Chamberlin, and, in the portion devoted to the Crustacea, the Cumacea bv Dr.W. T. Caiman, the Isppoda by Mr. P. L. Boone, the Amphipoda by Mr. C. R. Shoemaker, and the parasitic Copepoda by Dr. C. B. Wilson. The collection of Medusæ, which is only the second which has been made on the Arctic coast of America, comprises species well known either from some part of the North Atlantic or from its Arctic tributaries. One species only is new. Dr. Bigelow refers to the importance, especially to ths oceanographer, of establishing definitely which of the Arctic Medusæ are certainly produced in those seas; for such floating buoys are sometimes of great assistance in indicating the origin, northern or southern, of the constituent waters of ocean currents. The Medusæ have the advantage, as compared with Arctic diatoms, of larger size and easy identification. Dr. Bigelow points out that there is at least one Anthomedusa, Sarsia princeps, which has now been recorded from so many parts of the Arctic and from currents flowing from it (e.g. the Labrador current), but from nowhere else, that it can safely be taken as an indicator of Arctic water. The report on the Isopoda has been extended to include other material from the Arctic, and forms a summary of our present knowledge of the Isopoda of that region. The Amphipoda reported are, for the most part, well-known Arctic species, but one—a species of Synurella—is new, and this genus is recorded for the first time in American waters. Katius obesus, known previously only from the Atlantic, is now reported for the first time from the Pacific. Appended to the report on parasitic Copepoda is a useful list of the species which have been recorded from the Arctic up to the present.

The Canadian Arctic Expedition of 1913 to 1918

The Canadian Arctic Expedition of 1913 to 1918

Anthropological Publications of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

Anthropological Publications of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

Anthropological Publications of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

Anthropological Publications of the Canadian Arctic Expedition

Van Cleave's "Acanthocephala of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-1918" Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18, Vol. IX: Annelids, Parasitic Worms, Protozoans, Etc. Part E: Acanthocephala H. J. Van-Cleave

Van Cleave's "Acanthocephala of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-1918" Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18, Vol. IX: Annelids, Parasitic Worms, Protozoans, Etc. Part E: Acanthocephala H. J. Van-Cleave

Insects of Arctic Canada

THE insects of various orders—as well as a few spiders, mites, and centipedes—collected by members of the recent Canadian Arctic Expedition (1913–18) have been recorded and described in vol. iii. of the Report (Ottawa, 1919–20). The lists contain much information of value to. students of zoological geography. Among the Lepidoptera (described by Arthur Gibson) it is interesting to see varieties of such well-known British butterflies as Pieris napi, Papilio machaon, and Vctnessa antiopa. Most of the Coleoptera (by J. M. Swaine, H. C. Fall, C. W. Leng, and J. D. Sherman) belong to species already known in North America, and the same remark applies to the bees described by F. W. L. Sladen, who points out that buryible-bees are “particularly well adapted to Arctic conditions,” and records the capture of five nearly full-fed Bombus larwe on Melville Island (75° N. lat.) on June 21, 1916. The sawflies, described by A. G. MacGillivray, are mostly new species, and, as might have been expected, willow feeders. Among the Diptera (by C. P. Alexander, H. G. Dyar, and J. R. Malloch) there are some interesting details of larvae as well as descriptions and records of flies, which are relatively numerous in species. The occurrence of larvæ of Oedemagena tarandi—the warblefly of the European Reindeer—in Barren-ground Caribou at Bernard Harbour is noteworthy. Mosquitoes of a couple of species of the genus Ædes were observed (and felt) in swarms. As regards wingless parasites, Prof. G. H. F. Nuttall records that headlice (Pediculus caitis) from the Copper Eskimo of Coronation Gulf show no varietal distinction from members of the species found elsewhere. Dr. J. W. Folsom enumerates a dozen species cf springtails (Collembola); two only of these are new, but his figures of structural details, drawn carefully from Arctic specimens of common and widespread northern forms, will be welcome to students of this order.

Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

OBSERVATIONS ON THREE CASES OF SCURVY

The winter of 1916-1917 was passed in Melville Island by seventeen members of the Canadian Arctic Expedition. The expedition vessel, the Polar Bear , had failed to reach the island and we expected to live the winter entirely on fresh or dried musk-ox, reindeer, seal and bear meat. During the darkness of winter, however, our sleds got their steel shoeing worn out through a traveling party getting lost among some rocky hills where the sleds had to be dragged scores of miles, mainly over rock. This necessitated my sending a party in midwinter to Winter Harbor on the same island (where in the past several vessels have wintered) to see if they could find abandoned iron or steel and shoe the sleds for the spring work. Some of our people made another trip to the same place during the winter for a different purpose. At Winter Harbor our men found, besides

The Activities of the Canadian Arctic Expedition from October, 1916, to April, 1918

The Activities of the Canadian Arctic Expedition from October, 1916, to April, 1918

Canadian Exploration

SOME information on the work of the Canadian Arctic Expedition additional to that alreadv published appears in the Geographical Review for October (vol. iv., No. 4). The whole of the coast-line from Cape Bathurst to the eastern end of Coronation Gulf, except Cape Parry peninsula, was surveyed on a scale of ten miles to an inch. The surveys were extended to include Croker River and Rae River. Other surveys included much of the Mackenzie delta. The most important geological research of the southern party, with whose work this paper bv Mr. R. M. Anderson deals, was the investigation of the copper-bearing rocks in the region of Bathurst Inlet. They occur on Banks Peninsula and most of the islands to the north of it. Though the ore so far discovered is of low grade, Dr. O'Neill, the geologist of the expedition, estimated the amount of ore at more than two billion tons, and believes that it can be profitably utilised. Water transport round Alaska would be long and uncertain, but a short railway to Great Bear Lake would probably solve the difficulty of export. The article is illustrated with two sketch maps and a number of valuable photographs.