Camp In Turkey Research Articles

Traumatic events, social support and depression: Syrian refugee children in Turkish camps

ABSTRACTThe overall aim of the study was to document the nature and depth of the traumatic experiences of Syrian children living in a refugee camp in Turkey during the early stages of the civil war and examine their impact on depressive symptoms. Self-report questionnaire data were collected from 285 participants, who were 57.9% females and on average 12.5 years old (SD = 1.28). Demographic information was gathered from their parents. The findings show that girls 13 years or older reported more depression than boys, while there was no significant gender difference among younger children. Even if exposure to several individual war traumas did not affect the level of depression, a cumulative risk index of the total numbers of traumatic events correlated significantly with depression. However, children with more traumatic experiences perceived higher levels of available social support, more specifically emotional support, which contributed to resilient outcomes in terms of reduced depression levels. The long-term sequela of war trauma on the individual’s disposition to cope with stress, and through gradual, cascading effects on material deprivation, family interaction and ongoing daily hassles, was highlighted with suggestions for resilience and treatment-focused interventions.

Emotional and behavioral problems seen among a group of children and adolescents living in a refugee camp in Turkey

Objective: It is well-known that refugee children are under risk of psychiatric problems as a consequence of adverse events experienced in the pre and post-migration period. It is estimated that, as the leading country hosting re-fugees, approximately 1.4 million refugee children are living in Turkey. This study aimed to evaluate emotional and behavioral problems seen among Yazidi children and adolescents who settle in a refugee camp in Turkey. Meth-ods: The researcher contacted the volunteers of the transient education center situated in the camp and reached children attending the center as well as their families. The emotional and behavioral problems were investigated using Arabic form of Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results: Our sample consisted of 33 female and 20 male children and adolescents. The mean age was 12.3±1.5 years. The mean residency time in camp was 11.3±2.1 months. The mean number of siblings was 3.9±1.8. 60.4% of fathers and 67.9% of mothers were primary school graduate or less educated. Majority of the children (88.7%) reported that they lost a relative or could not get any information about at least one of them, 58.0% stated they heard the sound of gunshot or explosion, while 39.6% reported they saw the body of a dead or injured person. SDQ scores were higher than threshold for emotional prob- lem in 26.4%, peer problems in 22.6%, hyperactivity problems in 18.8% and conduct problem in 15.0% of children. Total difficulty scores of 15 (28.3%) children were also higher than cut-off value. Conclusion: Results of the study showed that refugee children and adolescents had exposed to many traumatic events and emotional and behavioral problems might be seen in a significant proportion of this group. It is highly recommended to provide psychosocial support in the help and care programs targeting child and adolescent refugees.

The ways of coping with post-war trauma of Yezidi refugee women in Turkey

This study shows the strategies for coping with the post-war trauma of Yezidi refugee women who escaped from the Sinjar genocide by ISIS in August 2014. The interviews that became the basis of this research were done only for the psychological support of the women staying at the Diyarbakir Refugee Camp in Turkey between January and March 2015. This research was shaped with aim of understanding the women, sharing their experiences, and being these women's voices, therefore the interviews given by Yezidi women were evaluated with grounded theory methodology. Coping strategies included gratitude for surviving, finding meaning for massacres, politization, being self-enclosed, mourning rituals and worship, strengthening women's solidarity, and showing solidarity with sexually attacked women through silence. War trauma reactions included mental unpreparedness, the sense of being betrayed, verbalization about the genocide (but not the sexual attacks), re-experiencing the trauma and mood changes.

Syrian refugees in Turkey and governance of refugee camps

Abstract
 
 From Syria, in which the domestic quagmire erupted in 2011 migrated more than three million people in the late five years according to formal statistics. After emergence of migrant influx, Turkey embraced open door policy and built sheltering centers in the neighboring cities right after the appearance of migration wave. There are 253.748 refugees in 10 provinces at 24 different according to data on September 2016. Firstly, this study aims at investigating the various camps located on the different parts of the world built due to migration waves and whether they met the foundation targets of not. Secondly, the governance of refugee camps in Turkey and the position of these camps in refugee crisis is to be concerned and compared in compliance with the similar instance in the world and Turkey from a multidimensional perspective.
 Keywords: Syrian refugees, governance, refugee camps.

Sustainable life span prediction of shelters constructed in refugee camps in Turkey

The building sector consumes about 30% of primary energy worldwide. Life span is an important variable in life cycle assessment (LCA) of buildings. The aim of this study is to make the LCA of containers constructed in a refugee camp in Turkey and to investigate the relationship between life span and consumed energy with CO2 emission values. The proposed model in the study focused on the construction phase of the containers to find energy consumption and emissions for different life span years. Life span years are chosen between 5 and 40 years. Energy and CO2 release factors are defined per square meter. Total life cycle construction and operational energy demand of the post-disaster housing is calculated to be 24.7 GJ/m2. The CO2 intensity of the housing is calculated to be 20.39 kg CO2/m2-year. It is found that energy and emission values are decreasing with the increase of life span of container-type houses constructed in refugee camps in Turkey.

Psychiatric evaluation Ezidi Iraqi refugee children who settle in refugee camp in Turkey

ObjectiveWe aimed to review the distribution of diagnoses in children and adolescents evaluated by a child psychiatrist, in refugee camps in Diyarbakır, Cizre and Silopi province of Turkey.MethodsSociodemographic data, psychiatric complaints and distribution of psychiatric diagnoses of 38 children and adolescents living in refugee camps in Diyarbakır, Cizre and Silopi were evaluated. Psychiatric diagnoses were made according to DSM-5 criteria but some diagnoses as conversion disorder were also mentioned even tough they were not included in DSM-5.ResultsThe sample consisted of 22 female and 16 male children and adolescents. The mean age was 12.1 ± 4.5 and the range was 2–18 years. The mean duration of residency in the camp was 23.2 ± 3.9 days. The most common symptom was sleep problems. The most frequently seen psychiatric disorder was depressive disorder (36.8%) and at least two comorbidities were detected in 50% of children and adolescents. This diagnosis was followed by conversion disorder (28.9%), adjustment disorder (21.8%), acute stress disorder (18.4%), enuresis nocturna (18.4%), post-traumatic stress disorder (10.5%), separation anxiety disorder (10.5%), somatization disorder (7.8%), selective mutism (2.5%) and night terror (2.5%) respectively.ConclusionThe study revealed that in refugee children and adolescents, starting from the early days of the migration period, various psychiatric symptoms and disorders might be seen. Therefore, it is essential to integrate psychosocial support units into the aid and support programs for refugees and quite important to observe and treat children in terms of psychiatric disorders, starting from the early days of the migration period.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The Impact of Refugee Crises on Host Labor Markets: The Case of the Syrian Refugee Crisis in Turkey

The civil war in Syria has culminated into major refugee crises in its neighboring countries. By the end of 2013 more than half a million people were seeking shelter in cities and refugee camps in Turkey. We analyze how the Syrian refugee influx in Turkey has affected food and housing prices, employment rates and internal migration patterns in regions of Turkey where refugees are being accommodated. Refugee camps are geographically concentrated near the Syrian border, which enables us to employ the rest of regional Turkey as control group with a difference-in-difference approach to analyze the impact on local economies. Our findings suggest that housing and to a lesser degree food prices increased, but employment rates of natives in various skill groups are largely unaffected. Incumbent natives appear to be staying put considering the limited migration out of the region, but there is a significant decline in internal migration into regions hosting refugees. Nevertheless, the decline in internal in-migration is less than a tenth of the refugee influx, implying that there is little evidence of refugees crowding out natives in local labor markets.

Evaluation of a short-term medical mission to Syrian refugee camps in Turkey

BACKGROUND: The escalating political and humanitarian crisis in Syria has left thousands detained, killed or displaced in neighboring countries. Given the permission and co-operation of the Turkish health authorities, a short-term medical mission to the Syrian refugee camps in the Hatay province was arranged.MATERIALS AND METHODS:To assess this mission's impact and potential expansion to serve other more emergently inflicted areas both inside and outside the Syrian borders, an evaluation was conducted via survey questionnaire of participating physicians.RESULTS: While almost all respondents found the experience worthwhile and fulfilling, medical, social and educational challenges as well as possible solutions were outlined.CONCLUSION: The use of several specified principles to further guide efforts towards providing service, education, relief, and awareness would result in greater effect, sustainability and growth of the mission.

Evaluation report of health care services at the Syrian refugee camps in Turkey

Evaluation report of health care services at the Syrian refugee camps in Turkey

Respiratory disease caused by a species B2Adenovirus in a military camp in Turkey

In April 2004, two patients were admitted to hospital in Berlin, Germany, with clinical signs of acute respiratory infection after returning from a military exercise in their home country of Turkey. They were admitted to a high security infectious disease unit as epidemiological data pointed to an outbreak of unknown etiology. Samples taken at the time of admission proved to be strongly positive for Adenovirus by PCR, but negative for Influenza A/H1N1 virus, Influenza A/H3N2 virus, Influenza B virus, Respiratory syncytial virus, and SARS coronavirus. No evidence for bacterial infection was obtained by serological tests and blood cultures. The adenovirus detected was characterized further by genotyping and was identified as a species B2 virus with the highest similarity to adenovirus type 11a. J. Med. Virol. 77:232–237, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.