A high-frequency vibrometer was used with ultrasonic pulse excitation in order to perform a primary hydrophone calibration. This approach enables the simultaneous characterization of the amplitude and phase transfer characteristic of ultrasonic hydrophones. The method allows a high frequency resolution in a considerably short time for the measurement. Furthermore, the uncertainty contributions of this approach were investigated and quantified.A membrane hydrophone was calibrated and the uncertainty budget for this measurement was determined. The calibration results are presented up to . The measurement results show good agreement with the results obtained by sinusoidal burst excitation through the use of the vibrometer and by a homodyne laser interferometer, with RMS deviation of approximately –4% in the frequency range from to . Further hydrophones were characterized up to with this procedure to demonstrate the suitability for very high frequency calibration.