Business Park Research Articles

Bringing Biophilic Architecture into Business Parks Design Towards Enhancing Users Experience

Bringing Biophilic Architecture into Business Parks Design Towards Enhancing Users Experience

Evaluating State-Sponsored Economic Development Models: Comparing Property-Led Initiatives in Lanarkshire, Scotland from 1990 to the Present

The aim of this research is to critically assess the historical and long-term performance of government-supported initiatives in economic regeneration within urban regions, with specific reference to two contrasting development models adopted in Lanarkshire, Scotland during the 1990’s: The Lanarkshire Enterprise Zone and the Strathclyde Business Park. This will evaluate economic outcomes from two different policy approaches in the shared conurbation space. The first is an “Enterprise Zone” a concept that represents national and local policy support for economic development within a specific area and is driven by government policy and money. The second, a “Business Park,” generally refers to single-use employment location by corporations that has been created for a unique set of operations, is based within a geographic context and has evolved from predominantly office, research or industry focused development goals. In addition, business parks are typically located away from urban city centers and are privately funded although the land might be publicly held. These two forms of property-led economic development strategies are common throughout the world, from Scotland to China, South Africa to the Midwest of the United States, from inner city Detroit to Cambridge, Massachusetts. They are popular policy initiatives, especially in developing countries, yet we do not have enough research on how these two initiatives work and what explains their different outcomes/impacts in both the short and long-term. The research makes use of two detailed case studies and sets of primary data, analyzes their relationship with the Greater Glasgow conurbation thereby providing in-depth accounts of the development and performance of these projects and critically, their continued results. The development and performance of the initiatives in the development of both the regional economy and co-development to the nearby Greater Glasgow economy is considered within the context of institutional approaches to economic and urban geography. (McPherson and McDonald, 2005) The unique distinctions both the Lanarkshire Enterprise Zone and Strathclyde Business Park possessed which differentiated them from their peers, alongside their ultimate results, especially in context to their implementations in relation to their urban geography, will also be discussed. The comparison is especially valuable as both are in the same Scottish Region which composed the Greater Glasgow urban area, so the data will enable a true compare/contrast evaluation.

The geography of commercial activities in business parks in Cape Town

ABSTRACT Business parks have increasingly become part of Cape Town’s industrial built environment over the last 25 years. It signifies a shift from large industrial premises to smaller units in communal industrial settings. This paper investigates the types of business activities found in the business parks using the conceptual underpinnings of location theory and industrial cluster theory. Online and fieldwork surveys of the businesses found in 49 business parks in Cape Town, South Africa, were conducted to compile a database of businesses and their activities. Each business was classified using the South African Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes to establish which economic sectors are represented in the business parks. It was found that the predominant economic sectors in business parks were the wholesale and retail trade, which included the repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household goods and catering and accommodation, as well as the financial sector consisting of banking, insurance, real estate and business services. Manufacturing activities and commercial, social and personal services were also well represented. The findings indicate that business parks are the popular location for retail-orientated businesses and small manufacturing concerns and affirm the growing importance of the professional and business service sectors. The paper lays the groundwork for further investigation into the multi-scalar economic linkages of firms in business parks in Cape Town.

HOMER-Based Multi-Scenario Collaborative Planning for Grid-Connected PV-Storage Microgrids with Electric Vehicles

One of the crucial methods for adapting distributed PV generation is the microgrid. However, solar resources, load characteristics, and the essential microgrid system components are all directly tied to the optimal planning scheme for microgrids. This article conducts a collaborative planning study of grid-connected PV-storage microgrids under electric vehicle integration in various scenarios using HOMER 1.8.9 software. To be more specific, in multiple scenarios, we built capacity optimization models for PV modules, energy storage, and converters in microgrids, with several scenarios each accounting for the cleanliness, economic performance, and overall performance of microgrids. For multiple scenarios, this paper used the net present value cost and levelized cost of electricity as indicators of microgrid economics, and carbon dioxide emissions and the fraction of renewable energy were used as indicators of microgrid cleanliness. The optimal capacity allocation for economy, cleanliness, and a combination of economy and cleanliness were separately derived. Finally, on a business park in Wuhan, China, we conducted thorough case studies to compare and debate the planning performance under various scenarios and to undertake sensitivity analyses on the cases. The sensitivity analyses were conducted for the optimal configuration of microgrids in terms of the EV charging scale, carbon dioxide emissions, PV module unit cost, and storage unit cost. The results of the simulation and optimization show that the optimization approach could determine the ideal configuration for balancing economy and cleanliness. As the EV charging demand increased, the energy storage capacity required in the microgrid gradually increased, while the carbon dioxide emission limit was negatively correlated with the energy storage capacity demand. The unit investment cost of PV module units had a greater impact on the optimal system configuration than the cost of batteries.

The Potential of the Open Spaces at Osaka Business Park as Workplaces from the Perspective of Knowledge Creation

The Potential of the Open Spaces at Osaka Business Park as Workplaces from the Perspective of Knowledge Creation

Characteristic Metal Marker of Non-exhaust PM10 Vehicular Emissions in Cebu City, Philippines

Non-exhaust vehicular emissions are becoming a focus of research due to their increasing contribution to air pollution and its health effects. The characterization of this emission using Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn as possible metal markers and expression of metal ratios was tackled in this study. The metal concentrations in ambient air present as PM10 of Cebu Business Park (CBP) in Cebu City, Philippines were obtained from January–November 2016 and were characterized for trace metals. The filters were digested, and metal concentrations were analyzed using flame atomic spectroscopy via an external calibration method. The average concentration of Fe at 0.3975 μg/m3, Cu at 0.1191 μg/m3, Zn at 0.1228 μg/m3, and Mn at 0.0178 μg/m3. Subsequently, the metal concentrations were correlated with each other. The Fe and Zn presented a significant correlation with r = 0.927. Enrichment and roadside enrichment factors between the sampling site and the urban background revealed that the metals were from vehicular activity. The wear and tear of vehicular tires are identified as the source of the non-exhaust vehicular emission from the average slope of the regression line between Fe and Zn concentration in air filters is 30.1. It was also noted that the slope obtained during the wet season is approximately half that of the dry season. This study recommends further investigation using other metals to identify source fingerprints for future source apportionment studies to support the crafting of legislation to abate the non-exhaust component of vehicular emissions.

The Impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) in the Performance of Information Technology Startup’s at King Hussein Business Park

Purpose: The study aimed to measure the impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) in terms of processes focus, engagement of workers, and continuous improvement on the performance of information technology startups in Jordan in terms of productivity, customer satisfaction, and profitability. Theoretical framework: for the current study was based on several key concepts. Firstly, TQM emphasizes the importance of a process-focused approach to management, where all organizational activities are viewed as interconnected and subject to continuous improvement. This approach requires a deep commitment to quality culture, where every employee is engaged in identifying and addressing areas for improvement. Secondly, TQM emphasizes the importance of inclusiveness, where all stakeholders, including customers and employees, are actively involved in the quality improvement process. Finally, TQM recognizes the importance of continuous improvement, where the organization is constantly seeking to improve its performance in terms of productivity, customer satisfaction, and profitability. Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology utilized in this study is a descriptive-analytical quantitative approach, which aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of various factors on the performance of emerging information technology institutions. To gather data and information, a survey was conducted among individuals occupying managerial positions in these institutions, . The study population included 35 emerging information technology institutions in Jordan, and a sample of 100 questionnaires was distributed among individuals holding managerial positions such as the general manager, operations manager, quality manager, and marketing manager. Findings: the study found that there is a high level of Total Quality Management implementation at information technology startups. And that there is a statistically significant impact of TQM on the performance of the surveyed startups. Research, Practical & Social implications: The study recommended maintaining the implementation of the total quality management system while providing all kinds of support to involve the workers in the decision-making process. Originality/value: the study has the potential to contribute to the development of effective management strategies for emerging information technology institutions in Jordan and beyond, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of these organizations and contributing to the economic development of the region. In sum, the current study offers originality and value by providing new insights into an understudied area, utilizing a comprehensive survey, adopting an evidence-based approach, and offering practical implications for the development of effective management strategies for emerging information technology institutions.

Some Items of Interest to Process R&D Chemists and Engineers

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ARTICLES ASAPPREVHighlights from the ...Highlights from the LiteratureNEXTSome Items of Interest to Process R&D Chemists and EngineersAlan StevenAlan StevenCatSci Ltd, CBTC2, Capital Business Park, Wentloog, Cardiff CF3 2PX, U.K.More by Alan Stevenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-0918, Carlos MateosCarlos MateosDiscovery Chemistry Research and Technologies, Eli Lilly and Co., Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108 Alcobendas, SpainMore by Carlos Mateoshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0189-4136, Andrei A. ZlotaAndrei A. ZlotaThe Zlota Company, LLC, 97 Brooksmont Drive, Holliston, Massachusetts 01746-1770, United StatesMore by Andrei A. Zlotahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2048-9187, Christopher C. NawratChristopher C. NawratMerck & Co. Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United StatesMore by Christopher C. Nawrathttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4550-9954, Alexandre BarthelmeAlexandre BarthelmeCenter of Expertise Drug Substance, UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest 1, 1420 Braine-l’Alleud, BelgiumMore by Alexandre Barthelme, Rik OostRik OostAPI Small Molecule Process R&D, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, BelgiumMore by Rik Oost, Paul F. RichardsonPaul F. RichardsonPfizer, Chemistry, 10578 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 09121, United StatesMore by Paul F. Richardsonhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3700-8749, Robert B. KargboRobert B. KargboUsona Institute, 277 Granada Drive, San Luis Obispo, California 93401, United StatesMore by Robert B. Kargbohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-6343, and John Knight*John KnightJKonsult Ltd, Meadow View, Cross Keys, Hereford HR1 3NT, U.K.*Email: [email protected]More by John KnightCite this: Org. Process Res. Dev. 2023, XXXX, XXX, XXX-XXXPublication Date (Web):May 10, 2023Publication History Received25 April 2023Published online10 May 2023https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00127Published 2023 by American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views-Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Amides,Anions,Catalysts,Chemical reactions,Functionalization Get e-Alerts

BOS-Q FISHING PARK

Fishing pond which will be called Bos-Q Fishing Park is a business idea with a fishing pond concept that is unique with Jumbo-sized Fish (Monster) from various species, both local and imported. Bos-Q Fishing Park will also have a Mega Aquatank and a conservation pond specifically for endemic fish native to Indonesia and Palembang which will be made as educational media for visitors to preserve nature, especially in terms of fisheries. For the establishment of this business, the author while the business owner requires an initial capital of Rp. 466,610.00, with 9 workers in it who have their respective job specifications. With the calculated calculations, the initial payback period or PP (Payback Period) of this business is 2 years 9 months 15 days, with an NPV (Net Present Value) of Rp 460,918,475,- and a PI (Profitability Index) index. of 1.99 which is greater than the number 1 makes this business feasible to establish. With an IRR (Internal Rate of Return) of 49% which is a percentage greater than the BI Rate of 3.50% and an ARR (Average Rate of Return) of 112%, it shows that the Bos-Q Fishing Park business is worthy to be established.

Calcinosis circumscripta in a rabbit with recurrent cervical myelopathy.

Journal of Small Animal PracticeEarly View Images in Small Animal Practice Calcinosis circumscripta in a rabbit with recurrent cervical myelopathy C. Abeloos, Corresponding Author C. Abeloos clotilde.abeloos@hotmail.fr Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire, SO21 2LL UK Corresponding author email: edward.ives@andersonmoores.comSearch for more papers by this authorT. Dutton, T. Dutton Great Western Exotics, Units 10 – 16, Berkshire House, County Business Park, Shrivenham Road, Swindon, Wiltshire, SN1 2NR UKSearch for more papers by this authorD. Denk, D. Denk Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorE. J. Ives, E. J. Ives edward.ives@andersonmoores.com Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire, SO21 2LL UKSearch for more papers by this author C. Abeloos, Corresponding Author C. Abeloos clotilde.abeloos@hotmail.fr Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire, SO21 2LL UK Corresponding author email: edward.ives@andersonmoores.comSearch for more papers by this authorT. Dutton, T. Dutton Great Western Exotics, Units 10 – 16, Berkshire House, County Business Park, Shrivenham Road, Swindon, Wiltshire, SN1 2NR UKSearch for more papers by this authorD. Denk, D. Denk Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorE. J. Ives, E. J. Ives edward.ives@andersonmoores.com Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire, SO21 2LL UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 26 March 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13596Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue RelatedInformation

Book Reviews: “Groundwater, Making the Invisible Visible” and “Seeing the Invisible: A Strategic Report on Groundwater Quality”

GroundwaterEarly View Book Review Book Reviews: “Groundwater, Making the Invisible Visible” and “Seeing the Invisible: A Strategic Report on Groundwater Quality” Luka Vucinic, Corresponding Author Luka Vucinic [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-3308 Tetra Tech, 1 Locksley Business Park, Montgomery Road, Belfast, BT6 9UP Northern Ireland, UK Corresponding author: Luka Vucinic, Tetra Tech, 1 Locksley Business Park, Montgomery Road, Belfast, BT6 9UP, Northern Ireland, UK. [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorConor Lydon, Conor Lydon [email protected] Tetra Tech, 1 Locksley Business Park, Montgomery Road, Belfast, BT6 9UP Northern Ireland, UKSearch for more papers by this author Luka Vucinic, Corresponding Author Luka Vucinic [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-3308 Tetra Tech, 1 Locksley Business Park, Montgomery Road, Belfast, BT6 9UP Northern Ireland, UK Corresponding author: Luka Vucinic, Tetra Tech, 1 Locksley Business Park, Montgomery Road, Belfast, BT6 9UP, Northern Ireland, UK. [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorConor Lydon, Conor Lydon [email protected] Tetra Tech, 1 Locksley Business Park, Montgomery Road, Belfast, BT6 9UP Northern Ireland, UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 February 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13296Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue RelatedInformation

EVALUASI KONSEP PENGEMBANGAN TAMAN BISNIS BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK KAWASAN CAMPURAN

Mixed-use development has become common in many major cities around the world. The use of mixed-use development has also occurred in Indonesia since the 2000s, with the Jakarta Metropolitan Urban Area being one of the cities that has implemented it extensively. The implementation is intended to address urban issues caused by uncontrolled urbanization, such as traffic congestion, the need for proper housing, and the issue of limited land. One of the efforts for land efficiency and becoming a compact and sustainable city is the concept of mixed area development. One of the business areas that has been transformed from a warehouse area to a mixed area is CIBIS Business Park, which spans approximately 12 hectares and is located in the South Jakarta Administrative City area. Mixed area development should ideally meet all of the criteria for mixed area characteristics, but it turns out that there are many mixed area developments that do not meet the mixed area characteristic criteria, resulting in new problems both in the mixed area and surrounding it. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the CIBIS Business Park's concept of mixed-use development meets the criteria for mixed-use characteristics, specifically the diversity of use criteria and design criteria. The research method used in this study is quantitative research, and the evaluation method is based on the plan's concept (ex-ante evaluation). This evaluation method compares the CIBIS Business Park area's site plan to the criteria for mixed-use development characteristics, specifically the diversity of use criteria and design criteria. According to the evaluation results, the CIBIS Business Park development concept in general conforms to the characteristics of a mixed area, with 71.42% meeting the criteria for diversity of use and 57.14% meeting the design criteria

The Role of Social Capital in Village Owned Business Entities (BUMDes) on Village Development (Case Study in Pujonkidul Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency)

This study aims to determine what social capital affects the management of BUMDes for village development and to find the elements of social capital to help solve existing problems. By using qualitative research methods, this study seeks to explore the elements and roles of existing social capital and then analyze how this social capital plays a role in solving the problems faced. The results of research and observations of all elements of social capital, namely trust, network, norm, and reciprocal, are all contained in the management of BUMDes. However, the most dominant is the network of all existing elements, thanks to the breadth of relationships and networks. This study also proves that the solution to the problems that exist in the parking business unit, namely the problem of irregular parking by visitors due to the available parking is no longer able to accommodate the vehicles of visitors to the rice field cafe on certain days, so reciprocal is the solution to this problem. Mutual benefit between residents and parking unit managers. Then from the side of trust, the existence of mutual trust between the villagers and the manager of the rice field cafe will strengthen the kinship so that no more problems arise.

BSAVA Manual of Practical Veterinary Welfare - Edited by M Rendle and J Hinde-Megarity (2022). Published by BSAVA, Waterwells Business Park, Quedgely, Gloucs GL2 2AB, UK. 264 pages Hardback (ISBN: 978-1-910443-78-1). Price £90.00 (£58.50 for BSAVA members).

BSAVA Manual of Practical Veterinary Welfare - Edited by M Rendle and J Hinde-Megarity (2022). Published by BSAVA, Waterwells Business Park, Quedgely, Gloucs GL2 2AB, UK. 264 pages Hardback (ISBN: 978-1-910443-78-1). Price £90.00 (£58.50 for BSAVA members). - Volume 32

Business Strategy to Improve Business Incubation Services for Science Techno Park

Science Techno Park is a facility in the form of an area specially prepared to initiate and flow knowledge and technology between R&D institutions, universities and industry. STP facilitates the growth and development of innovative start-ups through incubation activities and spin off processes. The main objective of STP is to encourage economic growth through the development of innovation potential. Science Techno Park was initiated in 2014 under PT Bogor Life Science and Technology (BLST) as a holding company owned by Bogor Agricultural University (IPB). This study aims to identify and improve the Science Techno Park business incubation services for inwall tenants and startup companies that are fostered based on the problems that occur and are expected to increase other income from the Science Techno Park business. The method used in this study uses primary data derived from quantitative and qualitative methods obtained from questionnaires and interviews with inwall tenants and startup companies that are undergoing the Science Techno Park business incubation program. Secondary data analysis uses company reports and literature from various sources. The conceptual framework used in this study begins with an analysis of customers of Science Techno Park business incubation service. Then analyze the external environment using general environmental analysis, industry analysis, and competitor analysis. For internal environmental analysis using resources, capabilities, and core competencies. All the results of the analysis are summarized in a SWOT analysis. From the results of the analysis, the researcher provides solutions and business strategies to solve problems experienced by Science Techno Park in fostering inwall tenants and startup companies and provide business alternatives to earn other income besides business incubation services. The strategy proposed based on research results is a strategy of business diversification and cost leadership. In addition, a functional strategy is provided to improve company performance in the area of marketing, finance, and internal management. The researcher provide implementation plans by mapping the potential users of business incubation services and the roadmap for the development of Science Techno Park to improve business incubation services and develop other business services.

The architecture of business centers in major cities of independent Kazakhstan

Introduction: The study aims to determine the main trends in the formation of business centers in Kazakhstan’s two largest cities, Almaty and Nur-Sultan, and to develop the main city planning and architectural recommendations for improving the network of business centers and their maintenance. Materials and Methods: The study’s systemic and complex research methodology allows it to look at business center issues from a variety of perspectives, including economic, socio-political, legislative, urban planning, and innovation. This approach allowed the architecture of business centers to be highlighted as a dynamic, interrelated process that represents the state’s economic power and prestige. Results and Discussion: The identification of trends in the development of business centers as the main type of commercial real estate is intrinsically linked to their natural qualitative growth and structural metamorphoses, transforming future cities into business cities, business parks, business incubators, and eco-towns. Conclusions: The study revealed that a specific feature of the business center is the distinction in its space-planning structure of the recreational and communicative block of premises and rooms into a separate independent functional block, which, both locally and dispersed spatially, carries an ideological and logical practical load and is a functional space for a multi-purpose business building.

Analysis of business models for delivering energy efficiency through smart energy services to the European commercial rented sector

In this paper, we perform a comparative analysis of business models used by Energy Service Companies (ESCOs), suitable for the deployment of energy efficiency measures in the commercial rented sector across Europe. These models can effectively contribute to solving the split-incentive issue that arises in the rented building scenario. Some of them are obtained from their “traditional” counterparts, which do not consider the rented scenario, but just a bipartite agreement between an Energy Service Company and its client. The EU Horizon 2020 project SmartSPIN (Smart energy services to solve the SPlit INcentive problem in the commercial rented sector) targets delivery of enhanced energy services for commercial rented sector. These enhanced energy services (a) combine demand management services and energy efficiency interventions, (b) facilitate the adoption of renewables, (c) optimize the balance between demand and supply, (d) alleviate the split incentive issue. The pilot implementation of project will be performed in a business park in Greece, in an office building in Ireland and in two shopping centers in Spain. Key recommendations toward the implementation of such a smart energy service are provided in this paper. They have been obtained from a detailed analysis of ten interviews of key stakeholders of the energy efficiency section and of the commercial rented sector, along with an analysis of a selection of the most relevant technical literature.

Airport business models and the COVID-19 pandemic: An exploration of the UK case study

The COVID-19 pandemic had been a major crisis for the air transport industry due to its global reach, duration, and continuing uncertainty. Demand for air travel fell globally by around 90% in the period immediately following the introduction of lockdown restrictions which induced significant revenue loss for the industry and led to widespread bankruptcies and job losses. Within this extremely challenging business environment, commercially operated airports have struggled.This paper investigates how airport management has been impacted by this sudden and prolonged fall in the demand for air travel. Specifically, the UK case was studied through the Business Model Canvas, with documentary evidence supplemented with 31 in-depth interviews from the Government, airports, airlines, and other aviation organisations and from a variety of stakeholder roles within airports across the country. Interviewees were asked about how airport business models responded to COVID-19 and how they were likely to change in the future as a consequence.The findings suggest that COVID-19 encouraged airports to restructure key components in their business models. Fundamentally, airports have significant fixed costs, and it has been especially challenging to run terminals and operations with little or no revenue from conventional channels. The study finds airports were introducing more flexibility into their cost base while diversifying their revenue streams into areas such as developing business parks and enhancing retail portfolios. This is leading to a restructuring of airport business models to improve resilience to future systemic shocks. Overall, 4 future airport business drivers and approaches have emerged: 1) Cost-effectiveness and minimisation, 2) Diversification of revenue streams and intensified commercial activities, 3) Enhanced digitalisation and operational efficiency, and 4) Sustainability focused approach.

Replanning the central area of Wakefield, West Yorkshire: culture and regeneration, 1990–2021

ABSTRACT Towns and cities in the industrial and former coal mining areas of England have often struggled to cope with economic restructuring. This article offers a near contemporary history of the central area of one such city, where culture has become a key device for promoting development and regeneration. Three episodes of policy are distinguished: from 1990 to about 2011, the emergence of a twin-track economic strategy that combined out-of-town business parks with the remodelling of the central area partly on ‘Urban Renaissance’ principles: from 2011 onwards, continued city centre decline when previous investments had little economic impact; and after about 2020, a process of re-orientation; and as part of this, a reinvigorated attempt to rebrand the city, albeit within the continuing framework of the twin-track strategy. A reflexive methodology is used to construct the narrative. That methodology enables a joint consideration of discourse and economic realities, showing how place, branding, and planning come together in representational logics that generate both supportive and counter narratives.

From theory to practice: Supporting industrial decarbonization and energy cooperation in Austria

A promising way to enhance sustainability and primary energy efficiency on an industrial scale is energy cooperation or industrial symbiosis. Due to heterogenic structures, there is no standard recipe to implement synergies - but the potential role of facilitators has been mentioned several times before. As external facilitators, we applied a mixed approach of interviews and workshops to push the development of energy cooperation at an Austrian industrial port & business park. The site was chosen to put the development process and theoretical cooperation solutions to the test.In collaboration with the park management and companies, synergy potentials were elaborated. In total 24 companies were interviewed, two workshops with companies and external experts conducted, an energy working group established and an energy roadmap drafted. Among the opportunities identified are i) enforced exchange of information on cooperation potentials and technical opportunities, ii) joint energy purchase and renewable energy communities, iii) inter-company waste heat utilization and iv) joint strategies on optimizing heavy transport.From our experiences we conclude that the most important barriers are missing knowledge and communication on possible synergies. These are followed by economic, technical and framework barriers. The applicability of cooperation solutions is highly case-specific. We found that solutions are more likely to be implemented given continuous information exchange, potentially initiated by a dominant and integrative company or central institution, which is in line with experiences reported for other cases. Thus, we strongly support to continue research on industrial symbiosis and funding of entities, which facilitate industrial symbiosis development.