• Explaining divergent SME business model outcomes from the same digital platform. • Conceptualizing dynamic platform orientation as a capability-contingent mechanism. • Explaining SMEs’ ambidexterity in digital transformation over time. • Showing how operational digital, agile, and network capabilities develop. • Connecting capabilities to transformative business model change. This study examines how digital platform introduction drives business model change in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Drawing on a case study of four textile firms, we analyze three phases of platform introduction: pre-platform, engagement, and post-platform launch. The findings reveal a dynamic platform orientation, understood as a cumulative and capability-contingent pattern of SMEs’ engagement with the platform over time. All firms initially adopt an efficiency-focused orientation as a resource-conserving entry logic. However, only those that embed the platform deeply enough to enhance their digital, agile, and network capabilities develop episodic innovation-oriented engagement, which may become dominant and enable more transformative business model change. Others remain primarily efficiency-oriented, achieving only incremental gains. The study demonstrates that pre-existing organizational capabilities shape how the platform orientation unfolds and that improvements in these capabilities determine whether an innovation orientation becomes viable. This study theorizes dynamic platform orientation as the mechanism explaining why similar SMEs participating in the same joint digital platform introduction experience divergent business model outcomes. This mechanism advances research on SME digital transformation and clarifies how tightly coupled SMEs can leverage digital platforms for business model change.

Development of energy cooperatives in Ukraine: scale, energy mix and business models

Evaluating business models for vertical agrivoltaic systems in Sweden

A systematic review and research agenda on the strategies of air freight integrators

The twin transition in emerging economies: Synergizing artificial intelligence and sustainable business model innovation in Thailand’s BCG economy

Out-of-warranty repair of small household appliances remains limited due to high labour costs, spare part barriers, and low consumer willingness to pay for repair. This study introduces the Hobby Repair model, a structured approach that enables skilled individuals to repair products for modest compensation. Using a design-based research methodology, three field trials conducted in Belgium between 2022 and 2026 evaluated four operational sub-models ranging from independent repair to reuse store partnerships. Across all trials, 165 products were processed, achieving a 70% repair success rate and €15,550 in revenue. Results show that organisational configuration strongly influences repair viability: institutionally supported models achieved higher stability, success rates, and financial performance than independent pathways. Results indicate that hobby-based repair can expand repair capacity for low-value appliances that are typically excluded from professional repair markets, providing a scalable complementary pathway within circular economy systems.

Digital leadership, digital platform capability and digital business model innovation of start-ups

Circular economy business model innovation in community enterprises: A grounded theory study of Gros Michel Banana processing in Thailand

The impact of artificial intelligence on startup business model innovation: exploring conditional effects of different strategic goals

Sustainability starts with the consumer: How green consumption shapes business model transformation a COM-B analysis of green purchase behavior in Vietnam’s agriculture

Business model innovation as a channeler of agility and redundancy in the international expansion of food and beverage companies

Level 0 of the digital divide: Algorithmic redlining and online food deserts in Santiago de Chile

ABSTRACT Since the Metaverse gained momentum, fashion companies were the first movers to incorporate it. While the Metaverse presents numerous opportunities, there is limited research providing structured guidance on how fashion companies can strategically integrate and leverage it. This study addresses this gap by examining the role of the Metaverse in the fashion industry, offering insights for companies navigating this new digital landscape. A collection of 75 reports from 19 companies was analyzed via text mining, including sentiment analysis and topic modelling. The findings suggest that fashion companies have a positive outlook on the potential of the Metaverse for customer engagement, novel business models, and operational efficiency. However, several challenges must be addressed, including limited application and demand, and technological and security concerns. Drawing on the Innovation Ambidexterity theory, the study recommends that fashion companies undertake both explorative and exploitative actions to succeed in the Metaverse.

This study investigates the divergent performance outcomes of two digital health business models in the clear aligner market. It contributes to the healthcare performance management literature by proposing the Business Model-Institutional Strategy (BM-IS) Fit framework, explaining how a firm's approach to knowledge integration and value creation determines its success. This study employs a qualitative-dominant mixed-methods approach. The core analysis is a longitudinal comparative case study (2014-2023) of SmileDirectClub (SDC) and Align Technology, supplemented by an exploratory consumer survey (N=277) and illustrative professional interviews (N=5). A firm's business model dictates its approach to knowledge integration. Align's platform model integrated professional knowledge, creating a cooperative strategy that built an "institutional moat" and generated ecosystem-wide value. In contrast, SDC's pipeline model disintegrated professional knowledge from the care process, creating a "trust vacuum" that destroyed value and led to performance failure, despite apparent cost advantages. Survey evidence from a naive market and professional interviews further show that models lacking direct clinical oversight face structural resistance and struggle to cross the legitimacy threshold in high-trust healthcare systems. The paper's primary contribution is the BM-IS Fit framework, which reconceptualizes business model fit as a challenge of knowledge integration across institutional boundaries. It offers the "legitimacy threshold" as a critical, non-financial performance metric for digital health. It also provides a new lens for managing digital health ventures by linking the removal of trusted intermediaries to value destruction and performance failure.

Purpose The study offers insights into the use and disclosure of intangible assets by companies listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) and the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NGX). Motivation Intangible assets are increasingly important in modern business models. Despite this, International Accounting Standard 38 Intangible Assets (IAS 38) has not been substantively revised in decades. This study contributes to the International Accounting Standards Board's (IASB) planned comprehensive review of the standard. Methodology Content analysis was used to collect data from the audited annual financial statements of companies listed on the London and Nigerian Stock Exchanges. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Main findings Insignificant increases were noted in the disclosure of intangible assets in the past decade. Substantial increases were noted in the disclosure of unrecognised intangible assets. This suggests the inability of IAS 38 to serve the information needs of modern businesses. Practical implications The study may be used to inform future research by providing areas of focus for the review and reform of IAS 38. Contribution This study contributes to the IASB's project to comprehensively review IAS 38 by providing insight into the use, accounting, and disclosure of intangible assets in developing and developed economies.

Understanding user experiences with recommender systems (RS) on audiovisual platforms is critical for user-centric design and long-term service sustainability. However, existing research often overlooks how users articulate their experiences, particularly within specific platform contexts. This research examines 38,545 Weibo posts to identify patterns in users’ expressed experiences with the RS of Bilibili (YouTube’s Chinese counterpart). Combining natural language processing and thematic analysis, we examine sentiment trends, key concerns, and underlying patterns. While RS are generally assumed to match user preferences, we found persistently expressed user frustrations with the lack of truly relevant and favored recommendations—those that align with long-term interests, highlight quality, consider context and platform-specific preferences, and respect user feedback. These frustrations are related to the platform’s business considerations and user-platform power asymmetries. The findings underscore the platform-specific nature of user experience and contribute to discussions on adaptive RS that satisfy user needs and support sustainable business models.

BackgroundMedical education and communication companies (MECCs) are key actors in the production of commissioned publications. Analyzing publications that acknowledge medical writing offers a broad overview of their role, which is scarce in the literature. The reason is that activities related to industry-funded research are highly opaque, which makes access to this information particularly hard, and related analyses scarce. This article offers a novel approach to collecting, and thus, analyzing data. It maps how MECCs, funders, authors, and publishers organize to produce this literature and identifies risks of research integrity breaches.MethodsThe database contains the metadata of 29 911 commissioned papers collected from Web of Science (WoS). All articles involving medical writing were collected if they mentioned “medical writing” in WoS, if they were published by MECCs websites, and if they were listed in publication trackers (documents that list the publications of companies, found on the Industry Documents Library (IDL)). The metadata were collected semi-automatically (manually and with R). Reference lists were built to extract MECCs from acknowledgments and harmonize organizations’ names. The analysis maps the relationships among MECCs, authors, funders, and publishers and shows how they connect.ResultsIn contrast with pharmaceutical companies and research institutes, only 33.6% of MECCs are listed in the bylines and even less (18%) are acknowledged in the publications found on their websites and on the Industry Documents Library. Even though they provide writing, MECCs are usually not considered as authors.Medical writing is a flourishing business and MECCs are key actors. Only a few sponsors (5.5%) outsource medical writing to many MECCs, and a few MECCs (7.7%) have a high number of clients. The medical writing market is thus very competitive and can benefit sponsors. MECCs sometimes publish in journals that are owned by their parent or sister companies. The business model of the publishers largely benefits from medical writing by publishing their product, and sometimes providing it as a service.ConclusionsThe database presented in this article offers new routes to explore the key role of MECCs in industry-funded research and to further assess the commissioned literature and its impacts on biomedical science and research integrity.

ABSTRACT Business models are important in forming a start-up strategy, particularly in developing countries with frequent resource scarcity and market uncertainty. Therefore, this research aims to adopt the Startup Evaluation Calculus Using Research Evidence (SECURE) framework as an analytical lens to understand the business model practically implemented by start-up founders in Indonesia. The process required semistructured interviews with seven start-up founders with business education backgrounds. The focus was to explore the application of desirability, marketability, feasibility, scalability, and viability dimensions in start-ups as part of entrepreneurial practice. The five dimensions were reflected in the experiences of the founders through Gioia’s method. The results showed several contextual perspectives, including emotional value of the customers, application of entrepreneurship narration in marketing, flexible financial adaptation, growth process adaptive learning, and ethical resilience in overcoming business pressures. The inference was the start-up business models in developing countries were influenced by a set of contextual dynamics representing the local entrepreneurship landscape.

The pharmaceutical industry is undergoing a profound transformation driven by digitalization, innovation, and cutting-edge emerging technologies. The concept of Pharmaceutical Industry 5.0 has emerged as the sector adjusts to a rapidly shifting global environment, with cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, automation, and personalized medicine playing a crucial role in determining the future. This new phase integrates advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, automation, and personalized medicine, which are shaping the future of drug discovery, manufacturing, and distribution. The objective of this study is to explore how the transition to Industry 5.0 is enhancing the pharmaceutical industry's resilience, innovation, and sustainability in the face of global crises such as pandemics, regulatory changes, and market disruptions. This research study investigates the integration of emerging technologies in pharmaceutical processes and analyzes their impact on operational efficiency, supply chain optimization, personalized medicine, and global access to treatment. The concept of economic resiliency is used as a central framework to evaluate the industry's adaptive capacity. Emerging technologies are enabling faster and more efficient research and development (R&D), paving the way for personalized and targeted therapies. Pharmaceutical companies are leveraging innovation to explore new business models focused on sustainability, predictive analytics, and big data. Additionally, digital transformation is reshaping healthcare delivery through telemedicine, AI diagnostics, and remote monitoring, thereby expanding global access to medical treatments. The adoption of Industry 5.0 principles allows pharmaceutical companies to strengthen economic resilience, drive innovation, and achieve sustainable growth. By embracing digital tools and fostering collaboration, the industry can enhance patient outcomes and maintain long-term viability in an increasingly complex and uncertain global economy.

In the face of intensifying environmental crises and resource constraints, enterprises must integrate sustainable development principles into their core strategies. This paper explores the deep integration of green marketing innovation with circular economy theory, with a particular focus on remanufacturing as a key pillar of the circular economy and its strategic role in supply chain competition and sales channel optimization. The study shows that by implementing value-based pricing, quality assurance, reverse logistics design, and multi-channel distribution strategies, firms can effectively enhance the market acceptance and competitive advantage of remanufactured products. Furthermore, innovative business models such as product-as-a-service and leasing can further promote resource efficiency and waste reduction. This paper provides theoretical and practical insights for companies developing sustainable competitive strategies, policymakers refining circular economy regulations, and consumers transitioning toward greener behaviors, demonstrating that "green" and "growth" can be achieved synergistically.