In this paper, we explore the Southeast Asian super app Grab as an exemplar of how digital platforms function as transactional infrastructures. We focus on Grab’s operations in Indonesia, where it has become the leading peer-to-peer (P2P) payment provider and a leading actor in the ‘financial inclusion’ of unbanked and underbanked populations. The foundational basis of our argument is that Grab should be understood as a financial business rather than as a transport provider. We argue that the systematic capture of P2P transactions in the Grab ecosystem reflects its strategic design as a business built on financial intermediation. By detailing this proposition, we seek to make a number of interventions in debates surrounding super app business models, which are commonly seen as an archetype for platform economies in the Asian region. In the first place, we posit that super apps should be understood primarily as transactional infrastructures. Our second intervention is a methodological one, in which we prototype business ecosystem mapping of the ‘back end’ of super apps. On the basis of our findings, we define Grab as an ‘escrow platform’. That is, a business designed to increase the quantum and velocity of on-platform transactions, with the underlying imperative of leveraging the float of user funds under the custodianship of the platform.

Understanding vulnerabilities and resilience in circular business ecosystems.

This study explores how a healthcare organization can strategically orchestrate a digital platform-based business ecosystem (BE) to drive service innovation, improve care quality, and enhance patient-centered outcomes. Using SH Medicine Corporation in Taiwan as a case study, this research provides new insights into how service-dominant logic (SDL) and digital transformation reshape organizational practices and interorganizational coordination in healthcare. Adopting a qualitative case study approach, this study analyzed SH's ecosystem development through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and on-site observations. The case illustrates how SH, as a focal actor, integrates hospitals, pharmacies, biotech firms, and digital service platforms into a decentralized yet coordinated system. The analysis draws on the theoretical lenses of SDL, resource orchestration, and business ecosystem theory. The findings reveal that SH leverages modular platform design, AI-enabled services, and real-time data orchestration to enhance procedural efficiency, service accessibility, and care personalization. By actively engaging with patients and community members as value co-creators, SH redefined the boundaries of traditional healthcare delivery. This study also highlights how SH aligns innovation with national health insurance policies to overcome resource constraints and sustain operational performance. This study contributes to the healthcare management literature by demonstrating how platform-based ecosystems and digital transformation can be operationalized to achieve both innovation and equity in healthcare services. It extends the SDL theory to health system design and identifies ecosystem-level resource orchestration as a critical capability for advancing resilient, intelligent, and inclusive healthcare organizations.

Purpose The success of migrant entrepreneurship as a strategy for integrating migrants into the host country’s market depends on their inclusion in the host country’s entrepreneurial ecosystem. This paper aims to explore the collaborative experience between Ukrainian entrepreneurs, both migrants operating in Poland and non-migrants based in Ukraine, and their Polish business partners. Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative method, the research draws on data collected through focus groups and in-depth interviews with three key respondent groups: Ukrainian migrant entrepreneurs in Poland, Polish entrepreneurs collaborating with Ukrainian migrant entrepreneurs and Ukrainian entrepreneurs in Ukraine collaborating with Polish businesses. Adopting a multifaceted perspective, the study examines how the dynamics of inclusion and exclusion unfold in cross-border and migrant entrepreneurship. Findings The findings reveal diverse drivers of collaboration within the host-country entrepreneurial ecosystem, enabling the development of a multidimensional model of integration that includes culture-driven, market-driven, diaspora-driven, development-driven and society-driven factors. Integration mechanisms form interconnected systems in which the strongest effects arise from the synergy of different motivations, emphasising mechanisms that facilitate or hinder the economic and social inclusion of migrant entrepreneurs. Originality/value The paper contributes to the literature by offering a multi-perspective analysis of migrant, home-country and host-country entrepreneurs and by developing a multidimensional framework of integration drivers within the context of a new destination country. The findings extend existing research by showing how integration emerges from multiple ecosystem drivers and offering nuanced insights for policies aimed at supporting migrant integration and fostering economic cooperation between Poland and Ukraine.

ABSTRACT The Paris Agreement's goal has driven trillion-dollar climate investment, prompting firms to assess its impact on portfolios. Our study employs three methods: regression, fuzzy-set analysis, and necessary condition analysis. It reveals that no single business factor is crucial for climate finance success. Instead, laws and regulations are key, driving climate finance progress. Despite the business ecosystem’s ostensible lack of substantive impact on climate finance, the ecosystem of laws and regulations emerges as a pivotal force in catalyzing the progression of climate finance. Specifically, when climate finance attains the 50% milestone, it assumes the status of an access threshold; within the range of 60% to 70%, it transitions into a lever fulcrum; and ultimately, once the 80% threshold is surpassed, it ignites a synergistic interplay within the broader business ecosystem. We offer new climate finance insights, guiding policymakers, helping firms manage projects, and providing an analytical tool for future research.

The rapid development of the digital economy and social media has fundamentally transformed the landscape of global economic interactions. However, this transformation has also triggered serious ethical issues, such as the prevalence of online fraud, aggressive materialist practices, loss of privacy, and the erosion of social cohesion due to unhealthy competition. This study aims to analyze the relevance of Muhammad Nejatullah Siddiqi's thoughts on social ethics and economic spirituality as a solution to the moral crisis in the context of the current digital era. This research utilizes a qualitative descriptive method with a library research approach, where data is collected from Siddiqi’s primary works and analyzed using content analysis to be contextualized with contemporary digital phenomena. The results indicate that Siddiqi's conceptual framework-anchored in Tawhid (unity of God), Adl (distributive justice), and Ukhuwah (universal brotherhood)-serves as a critical framework for mitigating the negative impacts of digital transactions. In this perspective, economic activities on social media must not merely act to maximize material profit but must also uphold spiritual values and the common good (maslahah). Siddiqi emphasizes that economic spirituality functions as an effective internal control mechanism to prevent exploitative and manipulative behavior. The study concludes that integrating Siddiqi’s ethical perspective into digital economic literacy is urgent to create a business ecosystem that is not only technologically efficient but also healthy, just, and humane.

Digital solutions are transforming accounting and control, altering human roles, enhancing company functions and data, and cultivating a new data-driven culture, all leading to greater operational efficiency. The signiffcance of this research lies in AI’s expanding role as a crucial technology for digital transformation in economic entities’ information systems. This study’s object focuses on accounting processes and corporate reporting within an entity’s information ecosystem. The study’s subject is the functional applications of digital solutions and AI in accounting and control. The aim is to obtain an objective answer: to what extent can the functions in accounting and the generation of reporting information performed by humans be effectively replaced by AI? The methodological framework of the study is based on the theoretical principles of economic science and applied research of leading domestic development companies and expert communities in AI, the target objectives of the national project “Data Economy and Digital Transformation of the State”, and the Main Directions for the Development of Financial Technologies for 2025–2027 and the Bank of Russia Report for 2025 regarding the application of artificial intelligence in the financial market, as well as the results of the authors’ research in searching for a model of a digital information business ecosystem within the paradigm of creating a data economy. The authors conducted an in-depth study and analysis of the digital transformation of accounting and control processes; options for the digital solutions used and areas of AI implementation in relation to information support for the activities of economic entities; stages of development of AI technology (types); current trends in using AI by financial market participants in the supported business processes and the AI used; the practice of using AI for corporate reporting. As a result , the research confirmed that domestic firms shifting to digital corporate reporting is vital, identifying key technologies and AI’s role. High variability in accounting solutions means that, according to the authors’ conclusion , current AI cannot replace human reasoning. Nevertheless, this technology can function as a powerful professional asset for generating pioneering accounting and control solutions by dissecting extensive data. The study’s practical importance is clear in the authors’ suggestions for advancing the data economy and executing the “Artificial Intelligence” federal project.

This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric review of Business Model Innovation (BMI) within the field of entrepreneurship economics, aiming to map the intellectual structure, research evolution, and emerging trends. Using the Scopus database, relevant publications from 2000 to 2026 were systematically collected and analyzed through bibliometric techniques, including co-authorship, citation, and keyword co-occurrence analysis, with visualization supported by VOSviewer. The results reveal a significant increase in BMI-related publications, particularly in the last decade, indicating growing scholarly attention to innovation-driven entrepreneurship. The author collaboration network shows a fragmented structure, suggesting limited integration across research communities. Country analysis highlights the dominance of developed economies, while contributions from developing regions remain relatively low. Citation analysis identifies foundational works related to business ecosystems and value creation, alongside emerging studies focusing on digital transformation, sustainability, and circular economy. Furthermore, keyword analysis demonstrates that BMI research is centered around innovation and economics, with recent trends shifting toward sustainability and digitalization. This study contributes by offering a structured overview of BMI literature, identifying research gaps, and providing directions for future research, particularly in interdisciplinary integration and the inclusion of diverse economic contexts.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reveal the details of an experimental furniture design studio course aiming to integrate circular economy awareness with interdisciplinary student participation and multi-stakeholder analysis. This paper also aims to propose an assessment model related to the circular design competencies. Design/methodology/approach This study investigates a case of an industrial design project course, in collaboration with a sustainability course engaging students from industrial design, architecture and interior architecture. The project course focused on circular furniture design for the hospitality industry as an entangled problem space, integrating spatial and product-based circularity. Thisv article critically examines the pedagogical structure of the course, utilising document analysis and a custom-designed model to assess students’ circular design competencies. The paper introduces a three-pillar assessment model that consolidates 14 circular design competencies for evaluating interdisciplinary circular economy learning in hospitality-focused design education. The model comprises of site-specific and systemic adaptability, circular manufacturability and circularity in business ecosystem indices. Findings The research findings suggest that students are comfortable in proposing site-specific circular solutions related to product design and material upcycling/recycling. Findings also highlight the necessity of skills such as lifecycle assessment particularly for determining the manufacturability index more accurately. Originality/value This paper contributes to education for sustainable development discourse, offering insights for universities seeking to incorporate circular design, interdisciplinary collaboration and industry engagement into their curricula.

Amid rapid digital transformation in emerging economies, firms face increasing pressure to modernize accounting information systems (AIS) to enhance transparency and decision usefulness. Limited evidence exists on when IT investment yields differential returns across firm life-cycle stages, particularly in transition economies. Vietnam, as a transition economy with a state-led digital transformation agenda, provides a relevant context to examine whether firm age moderates the relationship between information technology (IT) investment and AIS quality. AIS quality is conceptualized through two dimensions: system quality and information quality. Using survey data from 649 Vietnamese enterprises, the study employs SPSS and the PROCESS macro (version 4.2) to test moderation effects. The results show that IT investment positively affects both system quality and information quality, while firm age also has a positive direct effect on AIS quality. However, the interaction between IT investment and firm age is negative, indicating that the marginal benefits of IT investment are weaker in mature firms than in younger firms, as structural rigidity and legacy system constraints limit the effective leverage of additional IT investment despite higher baseline AIS quality. The study contributes by linking the IS Success Model with an Organizational information processing theory-based contingency perspective, identifying firm age as a structural boundary condition that explains heterogeneous IT returns within an institutional digital governance context. The findings suggest that managers and policymakers should align digital investment and regulatory strategies with organizational maturity to support sustainable digital business ecosystems.

Indonesia's digital economy has shown rapid growth over the past five years. The e-Conomy SEA 2024 report noted that the gross merchandise value (GMV) of the digital economy increased from US$27 billion in 2018 to US$90 billion in 2024, with projections of reaching US$200–360 billion by 2030. The largest contribution comes from the e-commerce sector, which reached US$65 billion in 2024. Meanwhile, the adoption of digital payments and fintech is increasing rapidly; Bank Indonesia reported that electronic money transactions increased from 47.2 trillion rupiah in 2018 to 594.2 trillion rupiah in 2024. This article is designed to map trends, analyze opportunities, and link digital business developments in Indonesia to government policies, technological developments, consumer behavior, and the startup and MSME ecosystems. The research will employ a systematic literature review approach and secondary data analysis from government reports, scientific journals, and industry surveys. In addition to examining e-commerce and fintech, the study will also examine the edtech subsector—which is projected to have a market value of US$3.23 billion in 2024 with a predicted annual growth of 11.79% through and healthtech, with transaction value projected to increase from US$16 billion in 2023 to US$34 billion in 2027. Challenges such as digital infrastructure inequality, talent shortages, data privacy and cybersecurity regulations, and funding gaps will also be part of the analysis. This research is expected to provide a comprehensive mapping and strategic recommendations for the government, business actors, and researchers to strengthen Indonesia's digital business ecosystem.

Corporate profiling serves as a critical analytical tool for modern enterprises, enabling data-driven decision-making in investment strategies, risk assessment, and strategic planning. It requires integrating quantitative metrics, qualitative insights, and network relationships to capture a company’s role in the business ecosystem. However, traditional methods struggle to synthesize heterogeneous data and model complex interdependencies among corporations, news, and market dynamics, often addressing these aspects in isolation. To address these challenges, this article introduces Financial Graph-based Mixture of Experts Prompt Learning (FGMPL), an innovative framework that unifies graph prompt learning with a multi-task paradigm for corporate profile modeling. The proposed framework reformulates node- and edge-level tasks into a coherent graph-level representation and employs multi-view contrastive learning to effectively integrate textual details with relational structures. Moreover, a novel Financial Multi-Experts Prompting mechanism—with learnable tokens coupled with a Mixture of Experts (MoE) design—is presented to enhance the processing of heterogeneous graph data and bridge the gap between pre-training and downstream tasks. To further improve adaptability, a meta-learning-based prompt tuning strategy is incorporated, enabling rapid transition to various downstream applications. Extensive experiments on real-world financial graphs show that FGMPL consistently outperforms strong pre-training and graph-prompting baselines across corporate performance prediction, relationship prediction, and news classification in both full-data and few-shot settings. In addition, cross-market transfer on a NASDAQ dataset and interpretability/efficiency analyses further demonstrate its robustness and practical applicability.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify challenges and opportunities for a resilient workforce ecosystem in a peripheral region by exploring employee attraction and retention strategies within a tourism and hospitality business ecosystem. The study analyzes how tourism and hospitality actors describe the internal and external conditions for employer branding, staff attraction and retention. Design/methodology/approach The study takes an exploratory, qualitative approach. Empirical data were collected through interviews with 25 actors across different levels of the tourism and hospitality ecosystem in northern Sweden. Findings Attracting and retaining competent staff is one of the greatest challenges in tourism and hospitality, due to contextual and employer-related factors. The way forward demands a new approach that looks beyond the organizational level. Co-opetition on competence development, retention strategies and employer branding activities in the business ecosystem can be a solution to increase resilience and industry brand strength. Research limitations/implications There are limitations related to sampling and study context. Future research could identify good examples and solutions to address the challenges posed by the macro environment and further examine the formation and dynamics of collaborative networks in tourism and hospitality. Practical implications Several opportunities for a resilient workforce ecosystem for tourism and hospitality are outlined. These can be used strategically by actors at different levels of the ecosystem. Originality/value The ecosystem perspective has only recently been applied to workforce structures and employer branding, and studies in the tourism and hospitality industry are scarce.

Purpose This study investigates whether female CEOs effectively promote supplier diversity, an underexplored yet critical aspect of diversity, equity, and inclusion in supply chain management. Drawing on status characteristics theory and signaling theory, we examine how female CEOs influence supplier diversity and how CEO characteristics moderate this relationship. Design/methodology/approach Using a panel dataset of US publicly listed firms, we employ a multi-level fixed effects model to test the impact of female CEOs on supplier diversity. We further examine the moderating effects of CEO characteristics – compensation, age, race, and succession – on this relationship. Findings Female CEOs significantly enhance supplier diversity, and this effect is strengthened by CEO age, compensation, race, and succession. While female CEOs outperform male CEOs in implementing supplier diversity practices, no significant gender difference is observed in stated commitments. Moreover, the positive effect of female representation in the top management teams on supplier diversity only emerges when a female holds the CEO position. Practical implications The findings highlight the critical role of female CEOs in advancing supplier diversity and suggest that boards should strengthen the status attributes of female leaders, such as compensation and authority, to translate leadership diversity into tangible outcomes. Organizations are encouraged to integrate female leadership considerations into governance and diversity strategy design. Social implications By showing how positional authority enables female leaders to drive inclusive supply chain practices, this study underscores the broader societal value of enhancing women’s access to high-level leadership roles. Supplier diversity initiatives supported by female CEOs not only expand economic opportunities for disadvantaged groups but also promote fairness and equity in business ecosystems. Originality/value This study advances the debate on female leadership effectiveness by applying status characteristics theory and signaling theory to explain why female CEOs, rather than gender ratios alone, matter for organizational diversity outcomes. It offers novel insights into the boundary conditions of female CEO effectiveness and provides both theoretical and practical contributions to supply chain management and corporate governance.

Digital transformation has reshaped the landscape of MSMEs in Indonesia, particularly those managed by Generation Z. This study aims to analyze key success factors of Generation Z MSMEs in building sustainable digital business ecosystems. The research employs a systematic literature review methodology by analyzing various academic sources, industry reports, and related publications from 2019-2024. Findings reveal five primary success factors: adaptive digital technology adoption, high digital literacy, social media utilization as marketing strategy, collaboration within digital ecosystems, and business sustainability orientation. Generation Z MSMEs demonstrate advantages in leveraging e-commerce platforms, digital payments, and data analytics for decision-making. Research implications provide strategic recommendations for MSME practitioners, policymakers, and stakeholders in developing ecosystems that support sustainable digital business growth, while emphasizing the importance of digital infrastructure and business mentoring aligned with digital native generation characteristics.

The article substantiates a system of fundamental principles that form the methodological basis of a conceptual model of innovative development of customs processes in the context of digital transformation of the public sector. The relevance of the study is determined by the need for a systematic approach to the modernization of customs administration, which will ensure a balance between the simplification of trade procedures and the improvement of control efficiency in the dynamic environment of international trade. The purpose of the article is to form a comprehensive system of interrelated principles that define the conceptual guidelines for the innovative development of customs processes. The theoretical basis of the study is general systems theory, concepts of socio-technical systems, the theory of complex adaptive systems, concepts of business ecosystems, and human-centered design. The article details six key principles: systematicity (considering customs processes as a complex socio-technical system with multiple interrelationships), multilevelness (structuring at the technological, process, management, and institutional levels), ecosystem orientation (consideration of the interaction of all stakeholders), adaptability (flexible response to changes in the external environment), interoperability (ensuring effective interaction between systems and participants), and human-centeredness (focusing on the needs of users and staff). It has been proven that these principles form an interconnected system, where each supports and reinforces the others, ensuring the comprehensiveness, consistency, and sustainability of innovative transformations. A conceptual scheme of interaction between the principles has been proposed, and practical tools for their application at all stages of the innovation cycle have been identified. The practical significance of the study lies in the formation of a methodological basis for the development of strategies for the digital transformation of customs processes, taking into account international standards and best practices.

A major change in processing paradigms, quantum computing has revolutionary effects on digital innovation and the development of business models. The incorporation of quantum technologies into the digital economy presents new chances for strategic differentiation and value creation as India advances its technological capabilities through programs like the National Quantum Mission (NQM). This study looks at how the Indian IT ecosystem's business models are changing as a result of quantum computing. In order to understand enterprise-level transformation, the paper develops an integrated conceptual perspective based on Digital Innovation literature, the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework, and Dynamic Capability Theory. The growing Indian quantum ecosystem, which includes startups, academic institutions, IT service providers, and legislative initiatives, is further examined in the paper. It makes the case that in the short to medium term, quantum-enabled cyber security, quantum-as-a-service (QaaS), and hybrid quantum-classical systems are feasible commercialization avenues. This work enhances scholarship by connecting advancements in quantum technology with business model innovation within the context of an emerging country, providing managerial and policy insights for sustainable competitiveness.

This study is dedicated to a comprehensive analysis of structural changes and organizational adaptation challenges faced by modern businesses amidst rapid digital transformation. The authors systematically examine the profound impact of digitalization on all aspects of business structures, identifying critical shortcomings of traditional hierarchical management models. The paper thoroughly discusses new problems arising in key areas such as efficient resource allocation, optimization of cost control, management of increasing risks, and strategic planning in conditions of uncertainty. Specifically, it is demonstrated how digital transformation initiates a large-scale reconstruction of business ecosystems, enhances the dominance of personalized consumer demand, and deepens cooperation in industrial supply chains. The research emphasizes the urgent need for organizations to develop and implement innovative management mechanisms capable of ensuring flexibility, adaptability, and sustainable development in the eve

In the context of the increasing need to improve the management efficiency of enterprises that support the implementation of the principles of digital transformation based on the concept of the fifth-generation industry, the relevance of research on the development of appropriate systems in terms of ensuring continuous targeted and sustainable development, customer-centricity and social orientation of production is increasing. Digital twin technology and its multi-agent implementation act as effective means of building enterprise performance management systems. At the same time, the lack of scientific research in this area determines the purpose of the article, which is to develop a product-resource approach to enterprise performance management based on digital twins in the fifth-generation industry. A distinctive feature of the proposed approach developed by the authors is the use of dynamic enterprise performance management technology based on digital twins, which ensures the integration of business processes and resources used at the level of not only one enterprise, but also at the level of network value chains based on a common digital platform of the business ecosystem. The paper analyzes approaches to the intellectualization of enterprise management, on the basis of which the requirements for an enterprise performance management system are formulated, ensuring the solution of interrelated tasks of targeted enterprise development, the formation of flexible value chains, and the rational and sustainable use of enterprise resources. The possibilities and disadvantages of the efficiency management process in EPC class systems are analyzed. The paper substantiates the use of digital twin technology and its multi-agent implementation to build an enterprise performance management system in the context of mass customization and the network nature of value chains in the fifth-generation industry. A process for managing the efficiency of enterprises at all stages of the life cycle based on the technology of digital twins of products and resources has been developed, dynamically ensuring the targeting, adaptability and sustainability of the functioning and development of the enterprise.

The article discusses the implementation of innovative marketing in the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of Kazakhstan using a network approach aimed at creating sustainable business ecosystems. These ecosystems must be capable of self-development and adaptation to changes in the external environment. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the potential of modern marketing tools – corporate social responsibility. These components are becoming an integral part of the new marketing paradigm in the agricultural sector. The theoretical foundations of innovative marketing and its role in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, improving communication with consumers, expanding distribution channels and strengthening trust in agribusiness are considered. Based on the analysis of international experience, examples of the successful implementation of similar approaches in various countries are given, and recommendations for their adaptation to Kazakhstan's realities are proposed. Special attention is paid to existing barriers and challenges in the implementation of innovative strategies – such as a shortage of qualified personnel, underdeveloped digital infrastructure and limited investment resources. It is emphasized that network marketing can act as a powerful driver of cooperation, resource pooling and sustainable growth of agro-industrial enterprises, and also play a key role in the process of digital transformation of agriculture.