Purpose The objective of this study was to examine whether and to what extent Quality 5.0 approaches, with an emphasis in the study on the combination of advanced technologies, humanistic principles of leadership and sustainability, would influence key organizational outcomes. Whereas Quality 4.0 primarily focused on the role of automation and digital tools, Quality 5.0 is concerned with ethical use of artificial intelligence, staff commitment and engagement, along with associated responsibility to the environment, thus operating in close alignment with the Industry 5.0 framework. This study investigated the effects of three Quality 5.0 enablers – technological factors (TF), human-centric and managerial factors (HCMF) and sustainability and customer experience factors (SCEF) – on four outcome constructs: quality and performance outcomes (QPO), customer-centric outcomes (CCO), business and financial impact (BFI) and sustainability and ethical impact (SEI). Design/methodology/approach The study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS to evaluate the relationships among Quality 5.0 variables. Data were collected through a structured survey administered across Indian organizations from diverse sectors, including manufacturing, services and education. Findings The results confirm that TF, HCMF and SCEF have a positive and significant influence on all four outcome variables (QPO, CCO, BFI and SEI). This demonstrates that the effective implementation of Quality 5.0 requires not just technological adoption but also strong leadership, employee engagement and sustainability-focused strategies. Research limitations/implications The results are contextually anchored in the Indian organization context and may impede the generalizability in other spaces; hence, the findings offer an empirical basis for practical application of Quality 5.0 initiatives for real-world quality management frameworks. The results suggest that technology in its own right is not sufficient and that the human and ethical dimensions play an essential role in quality transformation. Originality/value This study is among the first to propose and empirically validate an integrated Quality 5.0 framework. It contributes both theoretically and practically by linking digital, human-centric and sustainability drivers to multi-dimensional quality outcomes, offering organizations a strategic roadmap for responsible and future-ready quality management.

Family succession is a natural and fundamental process in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), often marked by turbulent and conflicting phases, since the continuity of the business is at stake during the intergenerational leadership transition. This study analyzes how social exchanges influence conflicts arising from high succession expectations and how these relationships affect the succession process in a small/medium-sized family firm located in the metropolitan region of Belém. In addition, it identifies strategies that can be used to mitigate conflicts triggered by succession in light of social expectations. The relevance of this research lies in the importance of family businesses to the Brazilian economy and in the impact of succession conflicts on their sustainability and continuity. The methodology combines a literature review with a qualitative case study, based on a semi-structured interview and thematic analysis of the data. The findings show that high levels of mutual trust, respect and cooperation among family members, together with open communication and formal succession planning (including structures such as a family holding), help reduce tensions and promote a smoother transition. It is concluded that the strategic management of social exchanges is a key element for the continuity of small and medium-sized family businesses, offering practical insights for entrepreneurs facing the challenges of family succession.

This study aims to evaluate the quality of data and information security at PT Saraswanti Indoland Development Tbk through the development of an Information System (IS) based on the COBIT 2019 framework. Data and information security play a critical role in maintaining business continuity in the current digital era, particularly for companies operating in the property development industry such as PT Saraswanti Indoland Development Tbk. The selection of COBIT 2019 is based on its comprehensive approach to information system security, encompassing areas such as planning and organization, acquisition and implementation, delivery and support, as well as monitoring and evaluation. The objective of this research is to identify weaknesses in existing information system procedures, specifically focusing on data and information security, and to provide recommendations for improvement measures that can be implemented to strengthen security practices. This study employs a qualitative analysis method conducted through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders and the distribution of questionnaires. Based on the findings, recommendations for the design of an information system security framework with more stringent security standards are formulated. By implementing an information system security audit designed in accordance with COBIT 2019, PT Saraswanti Indoland Development Tbk aims to enhance the quality of data and information security, thereby supporting the company’s long-term sustainability and growth.

This study examines the influence of capital strengthening, corporate governance implementation, and risk management on financial performance and its implications for the business sustainability of PT BPR Rama Ganda Bogor during 2017–2024. The study is motivated by the critical need to integrate these three elements to maintain the stability and competitiveness of rural banks (BPR) amid global economic challenges, the pandemic, and increasing regulatory pressures. Financial performance is measured using CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio), LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio), NPL (Non-Performing Loan), and ROA (Return on Assets), while business sustainability is evaluated based on the bank’s ability to develop products, maintain customer trust, and comply with sustainable finance principles. Descriptive analysis indicates an average CAR of 21.36%, LDR of 90.01%, NPL of 11.30%, and ROA of 3.25%, reflecting adequate capital stability and sufficient liquidity but room for improvement in asset quality. Findings reveal that capital strengthening, corporate governance, and risk management collectively have a significant impact on financial performance. Furthermore, strong financial performance positively influences business sustainability, including regulatory compliance, expansion of sustainable credit portfolios, and maintenance of stakeholder confidence. The study emphasizes that the synergy between capital, governance, and risk management must be internalized integrally into organizational culture and strategy, enabling BPR to manage risks effectively, maintain profitability, and ensure long-term business continuity. The results provide strategic recommendations for BPR and similar microfinance institutions to optimize capital, governance, and risk management as foundations for growth and sustainable operations in an uncertain economic environment.

Information technology (IT) plays a critical role in enhancing organizational efficiency, accelerating decision-making, and strengthening competitiveness. However, as a core infrastructure, IT also introduces various risks that must be managed effectively to ensure business continuity. This study examines IT risk management at Company XYZ by integrating the ISO 31000 framework with the Monte Carlo Simulation method to quantify potential losses from 18 identified risk categories, including system failure, human error, cyberattacks, and natural disasters. To improve the interpretation and communication of risk outcomes, the research employs interactive data visualization using the Shiny dashboard (R). The simulation results show an average expected annual loss of IDR 478 million, with major risks originating from data corruption, backup failures, and cybercrime, while external factors such as earthquakes and fires also have significant impacts. This integrative approach demonstrates how ISO 31000, Monte Carlo Simulation, and interactive visualization can strengthen data-driven and transparent IT risk management for informed organizational decision-making. However, this study is limited to a single organizational case and simulated data assumptions, which may affect the generalizability of the findings.

The exponential growth in digital operations for enterprise and regulated industries has put extreme pressure on IT Operations to ensure optimal software makes it to production. Traditional large-scale rollouts typically create increased risk where a misconfiguration of one patch or an unstable release will result in downtime and non-compliance across the enterprise. In the face of such challenges, a phased deployment strategy (particularly when facilitated with update rings) has become an essential means for providing balance between innovation speed and operational stability. Update rings target deployment to incremental collections of devices (test, pilot, targeted, and broad) so that the organization can validate the update at each layer of a broader audience. This mitigates risk, facilitates early detection of imperfections while preserving service availability by isolating problems within manageable subsets. Ring upgrades have been especially useful in scenarios where patching speed runs into stringent compliance requirements, for instance, healthcare, finance, and federal government systems. And given that software vulnerabilities are rising 180% YoY from 2023 to 2024, the need for speedy and reliable patch management has never been more urgent. Update rings give IT the organized flexibility to roll out, monitor, and undo where necessary without impacting business-critical systems. Besides stability, this approach encourages iterative enhancement by facilitating user feedback incorporation in a way that improves adoption experiences and increases organisational resilience. The focus of this paper is to review phased release using update rings in enterprise and regulated environments as a fundamental aspect of contemporary change management methodologies. It uncovers theoretical dimensions of phased deployment, describes how ring design and orchestration need to be done in practice, and how they influence change adoption results. Industry studies, patch management platforms, and our case simulations provide empirical evidence of quantifiable benefits due to deployment failure reduction, an increase in endpoint resilience, and enhanced compliance assurance, respectively. Methodology-wise, a tier-based ring model for the deployment of structured rings, which would be aligned with business impact within automation and monitoring pipelines, has also emerged alongside its rollback policies, user engagement patterns, and strategy. The findings indicate that companies that roll out rings see as much as a 40 percent decrease in time to resolve an incident, along with 60 percent less deployment-caused downtime, and have become more auditable. The conversation focuses on the tensions between delivery speed and assurance, how well it scales across hybrid cloud and distributed systems, and what cultural change is required in IT organizations built around traditional waterfall or blanket release processes. At the end of the day, this phased deployment/update rings process isn't just a vehicle for deploying stuff to devices - it's also a way to drive/direct change management. With predictability, feedback loops, and resilience built into release cycles, update rings are a path for enterprises to securely innovate faster while preserving trust, compliance standards, and continuity of service. This work both extends academic research and provides practical guidance through the collation of how update rings have been used in digital transformation. A prescriptive model is provided that can be adapted by IT leaders, policy recommendations are made, and ideas for further policies and technical development suggest directions for future research.

In Latin America, minimum wage policies are crucial amid high social inequality and economic challenges. Governments have pursued real wage increases during upswings such as commodity booms, yet little research examines their impact on local firms’ investments. This study addresses that gap by analyzing 3,142 non-financial firms in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Jamaica, Peru, and Mexico. Using multilevel linear regression, it explores relationships across time, firm, industry, and country levels. Findings reveal that as minimum wages rise, firms increase investments in tangible assets. These results are pivotal for policymakers designing inclusive wage strategies and for firms optimizing strategic investment planning.

Abstract Cybersecurity has emerged as one of the most critical concerns in the digital era due to the exponential growth of cyber threats and cybercrimes. This paper introduces key concepts and terminologies commonly used in cybersecurity research and practice, highlighting the relationships among threats, vulnerabilities, risks, and their consequences. It discusses various attack vectors, advanced cyber threats, and associated risks, along with the role of risk management in mitigating potential damage. Cybercrime follows a recurring cycle in which computer systems, software, data, and networks may act both as tools for launching attacks and as targets themselves. Modern criminals increasingly exploit digital communication technologies to plan activities, exchange information, and identify vulnerable targets. The paper further emphasizes the importance of cybersecurity policies, regulatory frameworks, and organizational preparedness to ensure data protection, business continuity, and national security in an interconnected world. Keywords: Cyber Security, Cyber Threats, Security Framework, Cyber Security Policy

Cyber threats are gaining traction and spreading like wildfire among financial institutions, and demand proactive assessment measures that integrate technical (network) vulnerabilities with business impact metrics. This study developed a comprehensive cyber-risk scoring and visualization framework capable of addressing the shortcomings of traditional risk assessment approaches. The framework adopted a multi-layered architecture, where business Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), such as transaction anomalies and operational costs, and network security metrics (intrusion detection alerts and vulnerability scans) are merged. Gradient boosting, a machine learning model, was used to classify risks, while autoencoders were employed to detect anomalies. These tools were trained on the CICIDS2017 dataset for improved predictive capabilities. Using a dynamic risk-scoring algorithm, the study contextualized cyber threats in terms of financial implications, expressed as Security Control Scores and Loss Exceedance Curves. The result showed an ROC-AUC risk prediction score of 0.89 when tested in a simulated medium-sized bank environment with 500 assets. The interactive visualization platform converted risk data into valuable insights for executives and other stakeholders. In sum, the framework bridges the gap between security measures and business decision-making in financial institutions to optimize cybersecurity investments, enhance organizational resilience against cyberthreats, and ensure effective compliance reporting.

This article discusses Indonesia’s response to global economic uncertainty characterized by interrelated shocks such as pandemics, supply chain disruptions, geopolitical tensions, inflationary pressures, climate risks, and volatile commodity markets. The study applies a descriptive qualitative approach and uses secondary data derived from official government documents, macroeconomic statistics, international economic agency reports, scientific articles, and relevant literature. The analysis covers the period 2020-2025 to capture the emergency response and recovery phase amid ongoing global instability. These findings show that Indonesia is adopting an adaptive and multidimensional policy mix, incorporating expansionary fiscal measures, flexible monetary management, and long-term structural reforms to maintain macroeconomic stability and social welfare. Fiscal policy acts as a key stabilizer through targeted social assistance, subsidies, and incentives that support household consumption and business continuity. Monetary policy focuses on controlling inflation, maintaining exchange rate stability, and strengthening the financial system. Beyond stabilization, the government encourages economic diversification through industrial downstreaming, digital economy expansion, and strategic investments to reduce dependence on raw commodity exports. Food and energy security policies, and the acceleration of the energy transition, are the central pillars of long-term security. International cooperation further strengthens domestic efforts by expanding trade and investment partnerships. Despite relatively positive performance, structural challenges remain, especially commodity dependence, coordination gaps, and uneven human resource development. Overall, Indonesia’s experience underscores the importance of an integrated policy framework that aligns crisis management with inclusive and sustainable economic transformation under global uncertainty.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of risk management at Diva Salsabilla Niaga, a home-based industry engaged in the production and sale of knitted products. The business has been operating for five years and employs around 89 people, consisting of administrative staff, marketing personnel, production teams, and expedition workers. The products are sold offline and have recently begun to be marketed online through the TikTok platform. This research focuses on identifying the main risks faced by the business and the strategies implemented to maintain stable and efficient operations. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through direct interviews with the business owner. The findings show that the main risks faced include production failure, limited capital, lack of human resources, rising raw material prices, and changes in fashion trends and economic conditions. To address these challenges, the owner implements preventive measures such as producing based on orders, maintaining product quality control, preparing raw material stocks before peak seasons, and fostering effective communication and teamwork. Proper implementation of risk management enables Diva Salsabilla Niaga to maintain business continuity and serves as a crucial foundation for enhancing competitiveness in the creative knitting industry sector..

The use of Information Technology (IT) in distribution companies plays a crucial role in supporting operational efficiency, data accuracy, and business continuity. PT VWX is a stationery (ATK) distribution company that procures goods from factories and distributes them to suppliers in large quantities. The company relies on a centralized application provided by the head office and utilizes Microsoft Excel for data input processes. This dependency creates several IT-related risks, including human error in data entry, dependency on centralized systems, limited IT human resources, and outdated hardware specifications. This study aims to analyze IT risk management at PT VWX using the COBIT 5 framework, specifically the APO12 (Manage Risk) domain. The research method involved interviews with IT personnel and an analysis of the As-Is and To-Be conditions. The results indicate that the current IT risk management capability level is at Level 2 (Managed Process), which has not yet reached the targeted Level 3 (Established Process). Therefore, formal procedures, risk registers, and improved risk mitigation mechanisms are required to achieve more systematic and proactive IT risk management.

Digital sovereignty is reshaping global data governance, with the increasing fragmentation of regulatory regimes exposing firms to complex risks in cross-border data flows. However, existing research lacks theoretically grounded and empirically validated frameworks and tools from the firm perspective, limiting their practical utility in identifying and mitigating these risks. This study proposes a three-dimensional framework of cross-border data flow risk based on the institution–technology–organisation structure, with each dimension informed by institutional theory, socio-technical systems theory, and the New OLI Paradigm. An initial item pool was developed through literature review and Delphi consultation, followed by a two-stage survey with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, reliability, and validity testing. The resulting 12-item scale captures three key dimensions: regulatory complexity, data security and privacy, and business continuity. This framework offers both conceptual clarity and practical tools for firms navigating fragmented data environments.

This study reviews the design methodology implemented through the outreach initiative titled “Estrategia de branding y educación administrativa financiera orientada a las Unidades de Economía Popular y Solidaria en la Provincia de Pichincha,” conducted by students from the Graphic Design program at Universidad UTE. The project aimed to address communication challenges faced by micro enterprises through strategic brand management solutions. The findings suggest that effective brand creation emerges from collaborative dialogue between graphic designers and micro-entrepreneurs, enabling the accurate representation of the business’s core values. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis highlights that proper visual identity management fosters sustainable and meaningful relationships between UEPS (Unidades de Economía Popular y Solidaria) representatives and their clients, potentially enhancing economic development. The study concludes that branding serves as a critical tool for increasing the visibility and impact of small businesses within contemporary commercial dynamics.

Many organizations are using AI and IoT to make their operations run smoothly. The AIoT is even better since it combines technology and removes the burden of sending the data to be processed outside the IoT device. In this paper, the focus will be on the facial recognition cameras that are being used in airports and their ability to detect criminals and passengers who approach doing illegal activities. This technology saves time and effort for airport employees and passengers and offers security. It might bring some concerns too, since facial recognition data are biometric data, and passengers might be concerned about their facial data being abused or sold or accessed by other organizations. In this paper, the NIST Risk Management Framework will be applied to an airport organization that is using facial recognition technology to verify passengers. Also, the Disaster Recovery Plan and Business Continuity Plan will be developed for such an organization. The Top Ten IoT vulnerabilities from OWASP that might affect the facial recognition application will be listed and detailed. Finally, a framework will be proposed to show the organization’s security and awareness, and eight security policies selected from SANS policy templates will be listed and detailed.

The Takaful industry in Malaysia continues to face a persistent challenge: high turnover rates among Takaful agents, which disrupt business continuity, weaken customer trust, and hinder long-term institutional growth. Despite the industry’s rapid expansion, many agents struggle to sustain their careers due to intense competition, emotional pressure, unstable income structures, and the increasing complexity of Shariah-compliant financial services. These issues highlight a critical gap in understanding what enables Takaful agents to remain resilient and committed in a demanding and evolving marketplace. To address this gap, this qualitative study explores the lived experiences, challenges, and coping strategies of industry practitioners through in-depth interviews with 12 participants from diverse levels of involvement in the Takaful ecosystem. The participants, aged between their late twenties and mid-forties with three to fifteen years of experience, provided rich insights into the social, psychological, and organisational factors that shape agent sustainability. Using an interpretive approach, the study moves beyond prior research that relied predominantly on quantitative surveys and offers a more nuanced understanding of the dynamics influencing long-term career continuity. The findings reveal that sustaining Takaful agents requires a multifaceted approach that includes continuous human capital development, a balanced system of intrinsic and extrinsic motivators, and the psychological resilience needed to manage workplace stress. Islamic Work Ethics, particularly honesty, accountability, social responsibility, and ethical commitment, emerge as essential pillars of long-term professional sustainability. Grounded in Human Capital Theory and Self-Determination Theory, this study contributes theoretical refinement and offers practical insights for agency managers, training academies, and policymakers seeking to strengthen workforce stability and retention in the Islamic insurance sector.

This study examines the implementation of ISO 31000–based risk management in boarding house businesses located in a developing suburban area in Bandung Regency. Boarding house operators commonly face risks such as delayed rental payments, facility damage, fluctuating occupancy, legal and administrative issues, and building safety concerns. Using a qualitative descriptive method and a case study approach, this research identifies, analyzes, evaluates, and treats risks according to ISO 31000 principles. The results show that the main risks include financial, operational, legal, tenant-related, and environmental safety risks. Recommended mitigation strategies include digital payment systems, routine facility maintenance, written rental agreements, improved security, and emergency procedures. Applying structured risk management enhances business continuity, service quality, and tenant trust.

This research is motivated by the low level of compliance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in preparing financial reports in accordance with applicable accounting standards. This study aims to understand the meaning of financial reporting requirements for MSMEs, analyze behavioral aspects that influence compliance with financial reporting, and examine the use of financial reports in the business decision-making process. This study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with MSMEs and analyzed thematically to explore the informants' subjective experiences. The results show that MSMEs interpret financial reporting as a simple recording tool that functions to control cash flow and business continuity, rather than as a formal administrative obligation. Compliance with financial reporting is influenced by the perception of ease, experience, and habits of business actors. Furthermore, financial reports are used only to a limited extent in business decision-making and are often combined with intuition and personal experience. These findings emphasize the need for a behavioral approach to improve the quality of MSME financial reporting.

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT Kimia Farma Tbk during the period 2020–2024 using a financial statement analysis approach. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method utilizing secondary data in the form of the company’s officially published annual financial statements for the period 2020–2024. The analytical techniques applied include horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, financial ratio analysis, and the assessment of financial distress risk using the Altman Z-Score method. The results of the horizontal analysis indicate a significant decline in the financial performance of PT Kimia Farma Tbk starting in 2022, as reflected by weakening liquidity, increasing operating expenses, and a shift from profit to loss during the 2023–2024 period. Meanwhile, the vertical analysis reveals less optimal changes in the financial structure, characterized by an increasing proportion of liabilities to total assets and a declining contribution of profit to sales. The financial ratio analysis shows that PT Kimia Farma Tbk is experiencing financial pressure, as evidenced by low liquidity, a more risky capital structure, and a substantial decline in profitability. These conditions suggest the need for improvements in operational performance and a restructuring of the financial structure to enhance the company’s financial health. Based on the Altman Z-Score analysis, the financial condition of PT Kimia Farma Tbk was classified as being under financial distress in 2020, further deteriorated during the 2021–2022 period, and entered a high financial risk category in 2023–2024. These findings indicate that the company needs to improve cost efficiency, strengthen operational performance, and implement sustainable financial restructuring in order to restore financial health and ensure business continuity in the future.

The COVID19 pandemic served as a digital transformation catalyst as it has never been seen before in the global enterprise arena. What started as an emergency measure to guarantee business continuity has since become a long-term competitive, resilience, and innovation measure. The critical analysis of the digital transformation strategies embraced by the post-pandemic business presented in this research paper focuses on the aspects of the organizational agility, the integration of technology, and the decision-making process based on data and the transformation of the workforce. The paper combines findings of enterprise practices, developing technologies, and strategic management literature to offer a synthesis using an integrative analytical approach that is based on the recent digital strategy frameworks. The article suggests an abstract framework that connects digital capabilities and organizational performance as well as sustainable growth in the post-pandemic economy. The evidence indicates that effective digital transformation goes beyond implementation of technologies into the company, but it involves profound cultural adjustment, executive dedication, and sustained development of capabilities.