Brazilian Meat Research Articles

Aspectos que influenciam a maciez da carne de bovinos: Revisão

Consumers are becoming increasingly demanding for meat quality due to the increased of the per capita income. However, the Brazilian meat pattern has a lot of problems on this circumstances. So, this review approaches the main differences of carcass and cattle meat in different finishing systems.

The strategy for internationalization of Brazilian meat industries and the role of the Development Bank

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar o processo de internacionalização das empresas brasileiras que atuam no setor de proteína animal (bovinos, suínos e aves) a partir do ano de 2000 e o papel do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) na trajetória de internacionalização das mesmas. O artigo foi desenvolvido através de uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, aderindo a procedimentos de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental; os dados publicados nos relatórios anuais de empresas do setor de proteína animal, listadas na BM&FBOVESPA foram analisados, bem como os dados dos relatórios anuais do BNDES. A principal estratégia desenvolvida pelas empresas brasileiras para ter acesso aos principais mercados do mundo tem sido a diversificação produtiva, através da aquisição de empresas (indústrias processadoras e distribuidores) em países produtores que não enfrentam grande resistência para exportação (Uruguai, Argentina, Austrália) e nos grandes mercados consumidores (Estados Unidos e Europa). Essas organizações são financiadas direta ou indiretamente com recursos do BNDES.

Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes in vitro and in goat milk by liposomal nanovesicles containing bacteriocins produced by Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a

Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a is a bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria isolated from a Brazilian meat product, capable to inhibit Listeria monocytogenes in vitro and in foods. In this study, bacteriocin produced by this strain were encapsulated in phosphatidylcholine (FC) and 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) liposomes, separately and in combination, were characterized and evaluated for activity against L. monocytogenes in vitro and in experimentally contaminated UHT goat milk, during storage at 7 °C for 14 days and 30 °C for 24 h. The FC and DOTAP/FC (3:1) nanovesicles containing bacteriocins (12.800 AU mL−1) presented zeta potential of −1.54 and + 38.13 mV, Entrapment Efficiency of 80.0% and 94.1%, and diameter of 91.19 and 81.49 nm, respectively. DOTAP/FC nanovesicle presented excellent stability, and maintained the same physicochemical characteristics over 28 days. Both free and encapsulated bacteriocins controlled L. monocytogenes growth in BHI medium and goat milk stored at 30 °C for at least 8 h, in a similar pattern. After 24 h in BHI medium, bacteriocins encapsulated in FC nanovesicles were more effective (p < 0.05) than free bacteriocins. However, in goat milk, no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) were observed for the two types of nanovesicles. At 7 °C, both free and encapsulated bacteriocins retarded the L. monocytogenes growth, and after 5 days, counts were 5 log lower than in the controls, both in BHI and in goat milk. Encapsulation of bacteriocin in FC and DOTAP/FC nanovesicles did not affect the antimicrobial activity, but the advantages of their application for control of L. monocytogenes in goat milk based dairy products, when compared to free bacteriocins, remain unclear and more studies are needed.

The internationalization of industrial meat business in Brazil

&#x0D; The internationalization of business has occurred in many ways and in many industrial sectors. There are aggregate data that shows a apparently positive condition for export activity of the meat sector in Brazil. However, there are still few studies analyzing the determinants of international competitiveness. This paper aims to study the process of internationalization of the leading meat processors of beef from Brazil, using data available at IBGE and SECEX. From the analysis, it is emphasized that the meat industry and food distribution segment are increasing their market share through the acquisition of other companies. Likewise, the growth of beef exports has contributed to the modernization and professionalization of the Brazilian meat industry, supporting the legalization of the activity as well the adoption of more efficient technologies and management systems. We conclude that all movement of market internationalization (such as acquisitions) require a profound reorganization of companies. These changes occur in the same order to prepare these companies to face the competitive environment of the market, which tends to change considerably in next years.

The experience of Sadia S.A in the Internacional Market: an analysis in the light of the main Business Internationalization theories

The internationalization may represent a possibility of insertion in the global context, a survival strategy and a learning process. The meat sector companies are internationalizing and seeking to overcome the phytosanitary and commercials barriers to, thus, pass to enjoy the facilities and market potentialities. Thereby, the present research aimed to analyze the internationalization process of Brazilian meat sector companies, specifically the experience of Sadia S.A., comparing with the economic theory of the Eclectic Paradigm (Dunning, 1988) and the theory behavioral of the Uppsala School (Johanson and Vahlne, 1977). Has been realized a literature search, of qualitative and exploratory nature. Specifically aimed to: (i) identify the input modes of Sadia S.A. abroad; (ii) verify the main reasons for internationalization in certain countries; and, (iii) verify the adherence of the company's internationalization process to the theories of internationalization. Analyzing the acting of Sadia S.A. on the world market, it is noted that it's based on a gradual process that envisions the reach and exploration of market shares that contribute to its growth, that under the influence and with similarities to the model of the Uppsala School and the precepts of the economic theory of Eclectic Paradigm.

Sick leave benefits for workers in the Brazilian meat and fish industries in 2008

This study aims to analyze factors associated with sick leave rates among workers in the meat, fish, and seafood industries in Brazil. The study analyzed all sick leave benefits granted by the country's social security system to workers in these industries in 2008. Incidence of sick leave per 10 thousand jobs was stratified by sex, age, diagnosis, job position, State, and nature and length of benefits. The study analyzed 31,913 sick leaves, with an annual incidence of 788.7. Meat processing and packaging showed the highest incidence, and fish and seafood processing and packaging showed the longest mean length of sick leave. Women showed a higher sick leave incidence, while men received longer average sick leaves. Injuries, musculoskeletal disorders, and mental disorders accounted for 67.2% of sick leaves. The most common diagnoses were lower back pain, first-trimester bleeding in pregnancy, and depression. The data suggest poor job protection and adverse working conditions in these industries.

Meat Masculinity

Scholar Ricardo G. Costa Filho explores Brazilian meat brand Friboi’s recent advertising campaign, and finds an intricate connection between hygiene, masculinity, and animal protein consumption.

The Meat Sectors and the Brazilian Macro Regions Economies: An Interregional Input-Output Approach

The Brazilian meat production in 1999 is estimated at 12.8 million tons, and the main productive chains of this sector are: a) the beef chain (6.7 million tons); b) the poultry chain (5.0 million tons); and the pork chain (1.7 million tons). Brazil is the world second largest beef producer (13.6% of the world’s total volume), the third largest poultry producer (12.5% of the world’s total volume), and the eighth largest pork producer (2.0% of the world’s total volume). Brazil is also the world third largest beef exporter (9.2% of the word’s total volume), second largest poultry exporter (12.7% of the world’s total volume), and thirteenth largest pork exporter (1.3% of the world’s total volume). Due to the importance of the meat sector for the Brazilian economy it is important to know how the product transference of the animal-raising and slaughter sectors and the meat processing industries take place among the Brazilian regions and how this can impact the national economy. This paper evaluates both the regional and the national economic significance of meat industry, using a five regions interregional input-output table.

Heavy metals investigation in bovine tissues in Brazil

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of arsenic, lead, and cadmium residues in samples of liver, kidney, and muscle of cattle during the years of 2002 to 2008. A total of 1017 samples from 20 Brazilian States were used. The samples were analyzed at the National Agricultural Laboratory using the atomic absorption spectrometry technique. Arsenic residues were detected in 15.7% of liver samples and 28.7% of kidney samples although no results have exceeded the MRL. With regard to lead, 16 samples of liver and 74 samples of kidney were contaminated (5.2 and 10.9%, respectively). Among these samples, only one liver and two of kidney samples had lead levels above the MRL. Cadmium was found with levels below the MRL in 12.5% of the liver samples, and only 3 samples (1%) were quantified above the MRL. Among the kidney samples, 420 (60.8% of the total tested) had cadmium residues, and five of them exceeded the limits established by legislation. It is concluded that the Brazilian meat meets the legislation requirements without putting consumer’s healthy at risk since as it satisfies the national and international food-safety conditions.

Technology and Innovation on Input Sectors of Brazilian Meat Production

Technology and Innovation on Input Sectors of Brazilian Meat Production Orlando Martinelli, Júlio Eduardo Rohenkohl, Thays Murakami Abstract This paper is an overview of the technological characteristics of meat input sectors. It focuses mainly on the genetic development, animal feed, and animal health. It points out some market economic aspects and technological characteristics in order to demonstrate that: a) these sectors are becoming progressively “science-based sectors” (à laPavitt); and, b) these sectors are more and more ancillary and dependent on more complex and transversal R&D and I, which are generated in the developed countries. This paper points out that, in general, Brazilian R&D and I actors not only have marginal influence in the innovation process of these sectors, but also little force to create autonomous technological “windows of opportunity”. In the long-run, these characteristics also may hamper the cumulative technological learning process and thus not ensure Brazilian competitiveness in the international meat markets. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/jeds.v2n4a13

Brazil’s Immigrant Song

Brazil’s Immigrant Song

The meat market: a dea international perspective and an econometric behavioral model for Brazil

We describe the relative participation of the Brazilian meat market (beef, pork and chicken) in total agribusiness exports and in total country exports. An analysis of the world meat market is carried out from the point of view of the values of consumption, production, exports and imports. A DEA (data envelopment analysis) approach is then used to generate classifications of the importance of countries in the meat world market, and the insertion of Brazil into this market is viewed from these perspectives. A partial equilibrium model for the meat market is fitted to Brazilian data by a three-stage least squares procedure. The model is consistent with the data and is used for simulation purposes. In this context, we investigate the joint and separate effects of changes in the corn price and in the exchange rate on the market of endogenous variables, ceteris paribus.

Dietary breadth of the animal protein consumed by riverine communities in the Tapajós National Forest, Brazil

In small-scale human settlements, the acquisition of animal protein is strictly related to subsistence activities, and yours dietary habits are determined by the availability and the selectivity permitted by the diversity of these resources. This study analyzed the consumption of animal protein sources in seven traditional riverine communities of the Tapajos National Forest, located in Eastern Brazilian Amazonia, considering fish, game meat and domestic animals. The analysis of animal protein consumption was based on the assumptions of the diet breadth model and the Optimal Foraging Theory. We compared diet breadths between communities and between rainy and dry seasons. The study focused on seven traditional riverside communities, six of them distributed along the right bank of the Tapajos River and one on the right bank of the Cupari River. Data collection was performed in four fields trips, two in the rainy season (May and July) and two in the dry season (September and November) in 2010. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews where the informant mentioned the source of animal protein consumed in the last three meals and which would be consumed at the next meal, if possible. We carried out a total of 470 interviews, where we documented 1 512 meals, and in only 12% of the meals there was no consumption of any animal protein source. The fish was consumed in 60.4% of the meals, being the most important source of animal protein consumed, differing significantly from other protein sources (X2=23.79, df=5, p<0.001). A total of 11 species of wild animals and 46 species of fish were consumed. The choice in the consumption of game meat consisted on Tayassu pecari, Hydrochoerus hidrochaeris and Cuniculus paca, while the preference for fish consumption included Plagioscion spp., Astronotus spp., Cichla spp. and Leporinus spp.. The Simpson index did not vary significantly between the rainy and dry season (N=6, t=1.25, p=0.267) or between communities (N=6, t=-5, p=0.42), although SLo Francisco das Chagas have significantly higher consumption of game meat (X2=370.41, df=25, p<0.001). Fishing is an activity of paramount importance to these communities, and factors that lead to decreased availability of fish may lead to subsequent increase in hunting pressure. For the conservation of preserve of both wildlife natural resources and practices of subsistence of riverine communities of the Tapajós National Forest, it is necessary to ensure the maintenance of fish stocks and the protection of the Tapajós River areas large enough to maintain viable populations of wild animals and more tolerant to hunting and habitat loss.

Sources of growth of bovine meat exports from Mato Grosso from 1996 to 2010

The objective of this study is to analyze the competiveness of the Mato Grosso bovine meat in view of the international market through researching the factors that most influenced the performance of the Mato Grosso bovine meat exports from 1996 to 2010. Specifically, the aim was to verify if the Mato Grosso bovine meat contains competitive sustainable advantages to maintain its international market position and if it is possible to increase its market share. To do so, a comparison of the competitiveness of bovine meat export of Mato Grosso was performed. Also, the competitiveness of the Brazilian meat exports was compared with that of other main exporters of this product, namely, Australia, Argentina and the United States through the use of the Constant Market Share Model (CMS). The obtained results of CMS with respect to Mato Grosso made it possible to verify that competitiveness was not a dominant factor throughout the whole period and that Mato Grosso will be able to maintain its position in the world market and expand its market share further. These results are caused by the destination of the exports and the increase of global trade rather than competitiveness.

Metrics for data accuracy improvement in a production scheduling software: An application in the Brazilian Meat Industry

This study aims to develop a method for improving the data accuracy of a specific production scheduling software for the meat industry. The proposed method was based on the results obtained in the implementation phase of the scheduling tool in Empresa Alfa, that produces food based on chickens, turkeys and porks. The research method used was a case study, by means of which the influence of data accuracy on the information generated by the system during the project is reported and analysed. The development of the proposed method was based on the theoretical framework on production scheduling, data quality and information quality, the author's perceptions about the project which was applied in the case study and the contributions of experts in the subject of the work. The method was structured in processes and subprocesses, hierarchy that enabled the implementation of the objectives of each process regarding the data accuracy in stages (subprocesses). Key words: Data accuracy, meat industry, production scheduling, data quality.

HEAVY METALS DETERMINATION IN IMPORTED FROZEN MEAT

45 random samples of imported frozen meat were collected from Al-Gharbiah markets, Egypt. The collected samples were represented by Brazilian, Columbian and Indian meat (15 of each). The collected samples were examined for cadmium, lead and mercury concentrations on the basis of wet weight (mg/kg) by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The obtained results revealed that the mean concentrations of cadmium in the examined samples of imported frozen Brazilian, Columbian and Indian meats were 0.06 + 0.01 mg/kg; 0.14 + 0.01 mg/kg and 0.19 + 0.01 mg/kg, respectively, while the mean concentrations of lead in the examined samples of imported frozen Brazilian, Columbian and Indian meats were 0.35 + 0.02, mg/kg; 0.41 + 0.02 mg/kg and 0.52 + 0.03 mg/kg, respectively , concerning to mercury it could not be detected in the examined samples of imported frozen Brazilian meat, while the mean concentrations of mercury in the examined samples of imported frozen Columbian and Indian meats were 0.20 + 0.01 mg/kg and 0.37 + 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. Comparing the results to the maximum permissible limits stated by the Egyptian Organization of Standardization EOS (2005), found thatthe examined imported frozen Indian meat contained the highest residual concentration of heavy metals (cadmium, lead and mercury) followed by Columbian and Brazilian.

Surface temperature distribution in broiler houses

In the Brazilian meat production scenario broiler production is the most dynamic segment. Despite of the knowledge generated in the poultry production chain, there are still important gaps on Brazilian rearing conditions as housing is different from other countries. This research study aimed at analyzing the variation in bird skin surface as function of heat distribution inside broiler houses. A broiler house was virtually divided into nine sectors and measurements were made during the first four weeks of the grow-out in a commercial broiler farm in the region of Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil. Rearing ambient temperature and relative humidity, as well as light intensity and air velocity, were recorded in the geometric center of each virtual sector to evaluate the homogeneity of these parameters. Broiler surface temperatures were recorded using infrared thermography. Differences both in surface temperature (Ts) and dry bulb temperature (DBT) were significant (p<0.05) as a function of week of rearing. Ts was different between the first and fourth weeks (p<0.05) in both flocks. Results showed important variations in rearing environment parameters (temperature and relative humidity) and in skin surface temperature as a function of week and house sector. Air velocity data were outside the limits in the first and third weeks in several sectors. Average light intensity values presented low variation relative to week and house sector. The obtained values were outside the recommended ranges, indicating that broilers suffered thermal distress. This study points out the need to record rearing environment data in order to provide better environmental control during broiler grow-out.

Previsões para o mercado de carnes

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar projeções brasileiras de produção, consumo, exportação e preço médio de exportação para as carnes (bovina, suína e frango). As projeções foram geradas com a utilização da representação markoviana (espaço de estados) e do modelo autorregressivo integrado de médias móveis (Arima). Taxas anuais de crescimento também foram calculadas. As séries foram observadas no período 1972-2009, e a análise das previsões visa o período 2010-2020. As projeções dos produtos estão bem ajustadas às observações. De acordo com os resultados, o Brasil mostrou tendência de crescimento em todas as séries analisadas. A partir dessa análise, conclui-se que o mercado brasileiro de carnes indica boas perspectivas de crescimento e fortalecimento em termos mundiais, em especial para a carne de frango.

Perfil eletroforético de lombo suíno adicionado de proteínas não cárneas

A legislação brasileira permite a adição intencional de proteínas não cárneas em alguns produtos cárneos; entretanto, há poucas técnicas adaptadas e próprias para controle desses ingredientes. Na presente pesquisa, empregou-se a técnica de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida na presença de dodecil-sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE) para comparar amostras de carne suína (lombo), adicionadas de 1,5% de proteínas não cárneas (proteína isolada de soja e concentrado protéico de soro de leite). Mediante a padronização de dois protocolos distintos de extração (uréia 6M e Tris-HCl-SDS-mercaptoetanol) e a utilização de controles positivos e negativos, obtiveram-se perfis eletroforéticos típicos do músculo e das proteínas utilizadas. Ambas as extrações utilizadas foram adequadas para separação das proteínas do soro de leite das proteínas da carne, mas a visualização dos marcadores da soja não foi possível em razão da sobreposição de bandas.

Antimicrobial compounds produced by Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a, a bacteriocinogenic strain isolated from a Brazilian meat product

Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria are gaining increased importance due to their activity against undesirable microorganisms in foods. In this study, a concentrated acid extract of a culture of Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a, a bacteriocinogenic strain isolated from a Brazilian pork product, was purified by cation exchange and reversed-phase chromatographic methods. The amino acid sequences of the active antimicrobial compounds determined by Edman degradation were compared to known protein sequences using the BLAST-P software. Three different antimicrobial compounds were obtained, P1, P2 and P3, and mass spectrometry indicated molecular masses of 4.4, 6.8 and 9.5 kDa, respectively. P1 corresponds to classical sakacin P, P2 is identical to the 30S ribosomal protein S21 of L. sakei subsp. sakei 23 K, and P3 is identical to a histone-like DNA-binding protein HV produced by L. sakei subsp. sakei 23 K. Total genomic DNA was extracted and used as target DNA for PCR amplification of the genes sak, lis and his involved in the synthesis of P1, P2 and P3. The fragments were cloned in pET28b expression vector and the resulting plasmids transformed in E. coli KRX competent cells. The transformants were active against Listeria monocytogenes, indicating that the activity of the classical sakacin P produced by L. sakei 2a can be complemented by other antimicrobial proteins.