Brazilian Context Research Articles

ABORDAGEM INTEGRATIVA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE TEORIAS DE SITUAÇÃO ESPECÍFICA: REFLEXÃO TEÓRICA

ABSTRACT Objective: reflect on the use of the integrative approach and its contribution as a methodological path for the development of situation specific theories in nursing. Method: reflexive study, considering the methodological framework of Im and Meleis and the possibilities of its incorporation into Brazilian nursing for the development of situation specific theories. Results: the following topics are presented: Integrative approach: possibilities to develop situations specific theories; and, Usefulness of the development of situation specific theories from the integrative approach. The reflection is based on the experience of using the methodological framework for the development of situation specific theories, in addition to discussing the potentialities the framework has regarding the construction of theories that guide nursing care in particular contexts. Conclusion: the integrative approach is underused in the Brazilian context of theory production, despite being a nursing reference. Therefore, it needs to be made visible to strengthen the development of knowledge that represents diverse and specific realities in order to advance in clinical practice.

The panorama of the circular economy in Brazil: a bibliometric study

The circular economy is a new area of knowledge and has been gaining interest from researchers, government and industries due to the impact generated by the current consumption model that has been degrading the ecosystem in the face of the challenge generated by climate change. In this research, a bibliometric analysis was carried out in order to evaluate the trends and characteristics of scientific publications on the subject. Bibliometric data were obtained by consulting the scientific databases Scopus and Web of Science, which in turn were analyzed by the authors, and only articles that were related to the main research topic were considered. The results were compiled, analyzed and presented in the form of figures, graphs and tables – generated by using Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer software for the construction of some illustrations. Finally, the study allowed us to conclude that research on circular economy is incipient, in terms of scientific research, particularly in the Brazilian context, despite a slight growth in the number of publications related to the topic in recent years. Another aspect that can be seen was that the largest number of publications focuses on issues related to the technical cycle, with room for advances in biological cycle themes, especially in the Brazilian case, due to its biological biodiversity.

A Comparative Study of the Work of Professional Caregivers of Battered Women

The care service for women victims of violence constitutes a risk space for the manifestation of burnout syndrome and secondary post-traumatic stress disorder caused by listening to traumatic experiences. Therefore, this article aims to present a comparative picture of cross-cultural research carried out in Brazil and Spain with 32 subjects. The objectives are: to describe the work conditions, investigate the experience of attending to female victims of violence, and observe the self-care practices the professional group carried out at the personal, professional, collective, and institutional levels. The analysis of data from the Brazilian context was performed with Iramuteq through the descending hierarchical classification, which resulted in five classes, namely: assistance to women victims of violence; conflicts, violence, and professional activity; authors of harassment practices and working conditions; self-care personnel; managing obstacles in the work environment. The results collected from the Spanish professionals were also subjected to the same data analysis, resulting in five classes: trajectory, professional performance and working conditions; assistance to women victims of violence and forms of self-care; complaints about conflict and violence; personal self-care; forms of harassment and conflict. The elaboration that confronted the categories of the two surveys identified similarities regarding the subjective experience and distancing in the self-care characteristics undertaken by Brazilian and Spanish professionals. This study proposes to reflect on the institutional dynamics of these environments.

Ecodesign: Approaches for sugarcane bagasse ash mortars a Brazilian context

Beyond the environmental impacts, the sustainability of mortars should consider its technological aspect. An ecodesign method, which considers both environmental and technical performance, was performed to assess the use of sugarcane bagasse ash mortars in the Brazilian context. Four percentages of SCBA replacing partially Portland cement (0%, 15%, 30%, and 50%, in mass), two economic-oriented Brazilian scenarios, and eleven life cycle impact categories related to the sugarcane industry and Portland cement production were considered in this analysis. The LCA was employed as an environmental performance tool and, when associated with the compressive strength of mortars (technological aspect), allows to create an eco-efficiency indicator associated with a heuristic diagram which gives interesting approaches related to the use of SCBA mortars in the Brazilian context. Although the obtained results indicate a slight “Trade-off on mechanical performance” eco-efficiency situation for SCBA-15 and SCBA-30, these mortars achieved the established preset technical function and high impact mitigation potential.

The mediating role of music preference in the relationship between personality and pro-sociability

The present study aimed to observe the relationships between music preference, pro-sociability, and personality, considering the mediating role of music preference. A total of 236 Brazilians participated in the study (59.7% female, Mage = 20.11, SD = 4.74). The results showed that the music preference factors (Energetic-Rhythmic, Reflexive-Complex, Popular Music, and Conventional Music) correlated positively with pro-sociability, especially the preference for popular music, which encompasses some of the most heard genres in the Brazilian context ( r = .42, p < .01). Regarding personality, the relationships between openness and reflexive-complex music ( r = .28, p < .01), and between extroversion ( r = .22, p < .01) and agreeableness ( r = .13, p < .05) and popular music stand out. Finally, a statistically significant explanatory model (goodness-of-fit index = 0.99, comparative fit index = 0.99, root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.01, 90% CI = [0.00, 0.01], root-mean-square of residual = 0.01) indicated that the preference for popular music mediated indirect effects of extroversion (λ = 0.06, 95% CI = [0.02, 0.11], p < .01) and agreeableness (λ = 0.05, 95% CI = [0.01, 0.11], p < .05) in pro-sociability.

Right of Data Portability in EU’s GDPR and Brazil’s LGPD

At the same time that data portability is one of the greatest innovations brought by contemporary data protection legislation, it also represents one of the market’s greatest challenges. Concerns about data transmission or interoperability safety are inevitable, as well as about compliance costs. Thus, innumerable doubts arise regarding the aspects of data portability implementation and its peculiarities. In this sense, the paper aims to analyse the most critical points of data portability in the Brazilian context based on comparisons of other legal systems experience, especially that of the European Union.

Antecedents of sustainable consumption of remanufactured products: A circular economy experiment in the Brazilian context

Some key members of our society have established a goal to reduce the consumption of natural resources. However, there is still a growing consumption of goods, which impacted on the necessity to start reusing products, reducing the use of resources, from which the circular economy precepts are key to sustainable development. In this context, this study aims to analyze the relationship between Consumption Behaviour antecedents (Hedonic Dimension; Utilitarian Dimension; Environmental Awareness) with Sustainable Consumption and Purchase Intention. This research introduces an experiment that was used to simulate situations involving both the traditional and circular economies, by evaluating the possibility of buying a new smartphone or a remanufactured smartphone. This quantitative research, of descriptive scope and characterized as an experiment, was made possible through a survey applied to 2543 Brazilian respondents. Data were analyzed by using multivariate data analysis, with the application of factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results indicate that Environmental Awareness has a great influence on Sustainable Consumption, and that both the Utilitarian and Hedonic Dimensions are key influencers on Sustainable Consumption. Finally, the context of circular economy's Utilitarian Dimension and Hedonic Dimension are more important for potential consumers. The value of this study is related to the development of a framework that involves different antecedents of the purchase intention of a remanufactured artifact, which allowed the testing of influencing factors in both situations of circular and traditional economies, making the study unique and original for the advancement of science.

Adult Concentration Inventory (ACI) Brazilian Portuguese version: cross-cultural adaptation and validation study

Introduction: Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) designates a group of symptoms related to impairments in valuable life domains. Objectives: The aims were to translate, adapt and validate a psychometrically informed scale of SCT, the Adult Concentration Inventory (ACI), for the Brazilian context. Method: The scale was translated, back-translated, and evaluated by an expert panel. After the semantic equivalence analysis, 446 participants (295 women) aged 18 to 65 years (M = 34.99, SD = 10.7) answered an internet-based survey. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted with the items of the ACI, Adult Self Report Scale (ASRS-18), the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to evaluate the convergent and discriminant validity of ACI items. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to test the ACI latent structure. Correlations between ACI, ASRS-18 and SRQ-20 were also calculated. Results: The experts’ semantic equivalence analyzes pointed to 85% of average agreement. The EFA with ACI, ASRS-18, and SRQ-20 showed 10 ACI items with acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. The most suitable solution in the CFA was the one-factor model (RMSEA = 0.039 [IC90%: 0.0 – 0.09]; CFI = 0.997; TLI = 0.996). The reliability was satisfactory (α = 0.920). The correlations between ACI measures and the ASRS-18 inattention were high. Conversely, the correlations with the ASRS-18 hyperactivity-impulsivity were of medium intensity and when controlling for inattention became non-significative. Conclusion: Overall, the preliminary results showed the reliability and validity of the ACI Brazilian Portuguese version. Further studies should focus on determining the generalization and measurement invariance of these findings.

Adaptation and psychometric properties of Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale: Brazilian version (LAPS-B)

Society has increasingly come to appreciate the relationship between people and pets, and therefore, the demand for research into this subject has also been growing. In Brazil, tools designed to assess the human-animal relationship are still scarce, and so far, there is no tool, adapted for the Brazilian context, designed to evaluate the bond between people and their animals. The Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale (LAPS) is a scale that aims to measure the degree of attachment that an owner has for their pet. It is one of the most used tools to assess the emotional bond between people and their animals. The aim of this study, therefore, was to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the LAPS for the Brazilian population (LAPS-B). For this purpose, confirmatory factor analysis and reliability tests were conducted on a sample of 2526 dog and cat owners from all over the country, of whom 81.87% were female and who had a mean age of 33.85 years old (standard deviation = 12.81). The comparison between the models showed that the 3-factor correlated model and the hierarchical model had better metrics than the others, and that the hierarchical model was the most suitable. In conclusion, the Brazilian version of the LAPS is a reliable measure of the attachment to dogs or cats, and can be used to assist research and studies that address the human-animal relationship. Future research should investigate the psychometric properties of the scale on other animal species.

Same-sex parenting in Brazil and Portugal: An integrative review

This integrative review aimed to analyze and systematize the knowledge produced on parenting by same-sex couples in the Brazilian and Portuguese contexts until 2019. We sought to describe the main topics in scientific production in empirical articles in both countries and highlight advances and/or gaps in the discussions. The databases searched were LILACS, Redalyc, RCAAP, PePSIC, SciELO and EBSCOhost. The searches occurred in 2020, with seven descriptors in Portuguese and their respective translations into English, resulting in 17 different search combinations. Fifty-three articles were retrieved: 35 Brazilian, 17 Portuguese and 1 Luso-Brazilian. We observed standards in the scientific production on the theme and analyzed the material qualitatively through Thematic Analysis. All the articles surveyed presented a cross-sectional design, with a prevalence of qualitative studies in Brazil and quantitative studies in Portugal. It was verified, in both countries, the desire, the achievement and the experience of parenting, the challenges faced by families and the parental practices exercised with the children. Low social support and coping with prejudice related to LGB-phobia were identified. Although the conceptions about parenting exercised by same-sex couples and its benefits for child development have been positive for a significant portion of the Brazilian and Portuguese population, negative opinions were present in both countries, especially among older, male, religious and more conservative people. We highlight the need to expand the discussion on family and diversity in society, academia, and the training and updating of social network professionals.

Translation, Adaptation, and Validity of the Short Food Literacy Questionnaire for Brazil.

Food literacy refers to the knowledge and skills related to healthy food choices. The aim of this study is to present the process of the cross-cultural adaptation and content validation of the Short Food Literacy Questionnaire (SFLQ) for the Brazilian population. The process of adaptation and validation of the SFLQ was conducted in four steps: (1) conceptual and item equivalence; (2) translation with semantic equivalence; (3) operational equivalence; (4) measurement equivalence. The study involved ten judges (food and nutrition experts) and 20 subjects (general population) in evaluating the semantic equivalence of the SFLQ. The semantic equivalence was assessed by calculating the content validity coefficient (CVC). All the items had a CVC greater than 0.80 considering all the evaluated parameters. The SFLQ has been adapted for the Brazilian context and guidelines. The adapted version of the questionnaire was referred to as the SFLQ-Br. The operational equivalence was conducted with 120 subjects using an online approach. The measurement equivalence was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, a reliability assessment, and an instrument stability assessment. A single factor was extracted, and all the items had a factor loading of >0.40 and appropriate goodness-of-fit values. All the equivalence results show that the SFLQ-Br can be used in the Brazilian population as a reliable, consistent, and stable instrument to measure food literacy.

BLOEM: A spatially explicit model of bioenergy and carbon capture and storage, applied to Brazil

AbstractBioenergy could play a major role in decarbonizing energy systems in the context of the Paris Agreement. Large‐scale bioenergy deployment could be related to sustainability issues and requires major infrastructure investments. It, therefore, needs to be studied carefully. The Bioenergy and Land Optimization Spatially Explicit Model (BLOEM) presented here allows for assessing different bioenergy pathways while encompassing various dimensions that influence their optimal deployment. In this study, BLOEM was applied to the Brazilian context by coupling it with the Brazilian Land Use and Energy Systems (BLUES) model. This allowed investigating the most cost‐effective ways of attending future bioenergy supply projections and studying the role of recovered degraded pasture lands in improving land availability in a sustainable and competitive manner. The results show optimizing for limiting deforestation and minimizing logistics costs results in different outcomes. It also indicates that recovering degraded pasture lands is attractive from both logistics and climate perspectives. The systemic approach of BLOEM provides spatial results, highlighting the trade‐offs between crop allocation, land use and the logistics dynamics between production, conversion, and demand, providing valuable insights for regional and national climate policy design. This makes it a useful tool for mapping sustainable bioenergy value chain pathways.

Cross-cultural adaptation of discrimination and vigilance scales in ELSA-Brasil.

To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation for the use in Brazil of the everyday discrimination scale (EDS) and the heightened vigilance scale (HVS) applied in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Conceptual, item and semantic equivalence analyses were conducted by a group of four epidemiologists; evaluation of measurement equivalence (factorial analysis of configural, metric and scalar structures, according to sociodemographic characteristics) and reliability. A total of 11,987 participants responded to the discrimination scale, and a subsample of 260 people participated in the test-retest study. In the case of HVS, 8,916 people responded, while 149 individuals did so in the test-retest study. The scales presented conceptual, item and semantic equivalence pertinent in the Brazilian context, in addition to adequate correspondence of referential/denotative meaning of terms and also of the general/connotative of the items. The confirmatory factor analysis of EDS revealed a unidimensional structure, with residual correlations between two pairs of items, presenting configural and metric invariance among the four subgroups evaluated. Scalar invariance was identified according to sex and age group, but it was not observed for race/color and education. Heightened vigilance showed low loads and high residuals, with inadequate adjustment indicators. For the items of the discrimination scale the weighted kappa coefficient (Kp) ranged from 0.44 to 0.78, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.87. For HVS items, the Kp ranged from 0.47 to 0.59 and the ICC was 0.83. Although there are correlated items, it was concluded that the EDS is a promising scale to evaluate experiences of perceived discrimination in Brazilian daily life. However, the heightened vigilance scale did not present equivalence of measurement in the current format.

Higher education’s influence on social networks and entrepreneurship in Brazil

Developing and middle-income countries increasingly emphasize higher education and entrepreneurship in their long-term development strategy. Thus, our work focuses on the influence of higher education institutions (HEIs) on startup ecosystems in Brazil, an emerging economy. As traditional data to perform this type of study, such as surveys, are challenging to get, we propose an alternative approach. Given the growing capability of social media databases such as Crunchbase and LinkedIn to provide startup and individual-level data, we draw on computational methods to mine data for social network analysis. Our approach enables different types of analysis. First, we describe regional variability in entrepreneurial network characteristics. Second, we examine the influence of elite HEIs in economic hubs on entrepreneur networks. Third, we investigate the influence of the academic trajectories of startup founders, including their courses of study and HEIs of origin, on the fundraising capacity of startups. We find that HEI quality and the maturity of the ecosystem influence startup success. We also observe that elite HEIs have a powerful influence on local entrepreneur ecosystems. Surprisingly, while the most nationally prestigious HEIs in the South and Southeast have the longest geographical reach, their network influence remains local. This means that investments in entrepreneurship, in the Brazilian context, tend to remain concentrated in wealthier cities, and may actually reinforce or increase regional inequalities. We also find that the startup ecosystem in the wealthier South and Southeast is more diverse in terms of sectors, which is more advantageous to economic development. Our approach can be helpful, especially in countries with limited studies of the interaction between startups and institutional factors supporting them. In terms of policy recommendations, we would recommend more investment at the regional level in terms of cultivating entrepreneurship, given the limited spillover from wealthier regions.

The Anthropocene or the Perennial Mining of Otherness—Inquiry on Artistic and Ethnographical Practice for Climate Emergency

Abstract The Anthropocene hypothesis brings into play a set of paradoxes and virtually incommensurable spatial and temporal dimensions. Drawing on these debates, the present text will try to analyse experimental artistic productions and actions, particularly in indigenous contexts in Brazil, framing them in a broader discussion on the relations between art, anthropology and ecology. The concept of the Anthropocene will be unfolded into at least three sub-problems that it necessarily raises: the redefinition of the hegemonic concept of nature, the redefinition of the hegemonic concept of humanity, and the redefinition of the dichotomous division between these two concepts.

Religion and Cinema as Subversive Memories: A Possible Relationship in the Brazilian Context

Brazil has been defined as a country without memory. On the other hand, Brazilian cinematography is rich in dealing with the theme of memory. In this scenario, Brazilians gather weekly in religious services to celebrate the memory of the Easter of Christ in the Eucharist, to remember the deeds of God in time and space, and to celebrate the memory of the Gospel embodied in the culture and memory of the Brazilian people. This article intends, therefore, to establish a relation between the lack of critical and political memories and the memory present in the narratives of Brazilian films as spaces of resistance, and the religious and subversive memory in the Christian liturgy. The methodology adopted will be, firstly, descriptive and analytical, focusing on the facts of the Brazilian reality. Secondly, memory and liturgical memory will be treated in the liturgy, ascertaining the role of this paschal memory not only as an exercise of memory, but also as a subverting and political memory in the past, present, and future. Here, relations between liturgy and Brazilian cinema will be established.

Violence Against Black Women in Politics: Experiences and Testimonials from Brazil

In this article the authors aim to understand the specificity of violence against Black women in Brazilian politics through the analysis of testimonies of Black politicians in different administrative positions and various regions of Brazil. Adopting the “Violence Against Women in Politics” (VAWIP) analytical model developed by Mona Lena Krook, the goal of this approach is to highlight the forms that this violence takes in the Brazilian context when gender and race intersect. In doing so, the article pursues two objectives. First, it offers an overview of violence against Black women in Brazilian politics, demonstrating how this phenomenon manifests itself in the analysis of these cases. Second, it observes how the testimonies of Black women politicians go beyond the analytical model proposed by Mona Lena Krook (2020), thus accounting for the intersectional specificities of political violence.

A Common Archetype: Imaginary and Linguistic-Discursive Analysis of the Heroic Feminine in Brazilian and Polish Folk Narratives

Legends, fairy tales, and myths have always aroused the interest of diverse societies. They are discursive genres that represent the imaginary of peoples and communities. Through them, identities and beliefs are constituted, revealing common aspects of a particular culture. In the narratives we find heroes and heroines who defend cities, stop the enemy, and are at the mercy of their own fate. Based on this assumption, this study aims to an-swer the following research question: how can the linguistic-symbolic convergences of the female heroic archetype of Iara and Syrenka be explained from a transdisciplinary theoreti-cal assumption? To address this issue, we propose the following objectives: a) to present the symbolic and archetypal convergences that emerge in the narratives of Iara and Syrenka’s female heroism through Brazilian and Polish discourse and the imaginary; b) to propose a theoretical-methodological analysis in terms of transdisciplinarity. The work presented here shows that the exercise of this instaurative transdisciplinarity is possible if the methods and the theoretical path are made clear. Finally, the study has shown that the female heroic archetype is present in both cultures, Brazilian and Polish contexts, from which the narratives originate, sharing mythical traits and textual-discursive configurations.

Evaluation and Choice Criteria of Sustainable Suppliers in the Construction Industry: A Comparative Study in Brazilian Companies

This article seeks to develop criteria for evaluating sustainable suppliers in civil construction and to contribute to improving the understanding of the factors that influence the selection of sustainable suppliers. Organizations should develop strategies that motivate suppliers to participate in green supply-chain initiatives, as supplier selection can directly interfere with sustainability performance at work. However, there is a gap in the research that addresses the selection of sustainable suppliers in the Brazilian context of civil construction related to certifications for sustainable construction. To fill this gap, the present article used literature-review methodologies, content analysis, data triangulation, and field research through a survey. The literature review identifies the certifiable standards for sustainable construction most cited in the literature: LEED, AQUA, BREEAM, and CASBEE. The standards analysis allows us to identify seven similar supply criteria for sustainable construction certifications. The parameters of each certification were analyzed to define those related to the selection of suppliers, identifying those that qualify a supplier as environmentally sustainable. We found that 60.7% of respondents work in companies without certifications, 75% know sustainable procurement, 50% of companies had established a sustainable procurement policy, and 83% of companies had a strategy for selecting suppliers. The results of this research contribute to construction companies being able to rank the importance of these criteria when choosing a supplier, in addition to having access to the mapping of essential criteria, allowing a search for greater interaction between the links of the green supply chain and rendering buildings and supplies more sustainable.

Influence of Unhealthy Food Environment on Premature Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Brazil: An Ecologic Approach

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of general and premature death of adults aged 30-69 years in Brazil and around the world. Unhealthy food environments have been implicated as one of the factors associated with cardiovascular disease morbimortality because they affect people's health conditions and nutrition. This study aims to explore the association between unhealthy food environments (deserts/swamps) and premature cardiovascular disease mortality in the Brazilian population. This is an ecologic study using data from 5,558 Brazilian municipalities in 2016. The cardiovascular disease mortality data were obtained from the Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health. The study on mapping food deserts in Brazil, developed by the Interministerial Chamber of Food and Nutrition Security, was used to evaluate the physical dimension of food access. The authors calculated the standardized rates of premature general and specific cardiovascular disease (stroke and ischemic heart disease) causes of death in the same period. To characterize food environments, the density of unprocessed and ultraprocessed foods per 10,000 population in tertiles was used. Crude and adjusted negative binomial regression models were used to study the associations of interest. After the necessary adjustments (human development index, gross domestic product per capita, unemployment rate, Gini index and Family Health Strategy coverage), it was found that municipalities with low unprocessed food supply were at the highest risk of increased mortality among women with ischemic heart disease (rate ratio first tertile: 1.08 [95% CI=1.01, 1.15]). Conversely, the municipalities where there was a greater offer of ultraprocessed foods showed a higher risk of death from cardiovascular diseases (rate ratio second tertile: 1.17 [95% CI=1.12, 1.22]; rate ratio third tertile: 1.20 [95% CI=1.14, 1.26]), from strokes (rate ratio second tertile: 1.19 [95% CI=1.13, 1.25]; rate ratio third tertile: 1.22 [95% CI=1.15, 1.30]), and ischemic heart disease (rate ratio second tertile: 1.19 [95% CI=1.12, 1.25]; rate ratio third tertile: 1.22 [95% CI=1.13, 1.29]). This study's findings show an increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and ischemic heart disease mortality, especially in the municipalities where there was a greater offer of ultraprocessed foods. Initiatives aiming to minimize the effects of these food environments are urgently needed in the Brazilian context.