Brands Of Milk Research Articles

Анализ конкуренции и уровня доминирования на рынке растительного молока в Российской Федерации

On the shelves of grocery stores, customers may increasingly notice the appearance of various brands of animal milk substitutes. This is due to the fact that society is becoming more aware of the contraindications to the use of milk of animal origin, which are expressed in some cases in intolerance to lactose and/or milk casein by the human body. Currently, the Russian alternative milk market lags behind the global one, and the active development of domestic production of these products is just beginning. This article presents the results of the analysis of the Russian alternative milk market based on data collected by the Nielsen analytical company from the largest retail chains, including X5 Group, Magnit, Lenta, Red and White and others. The SV (strength/variety) matrix was used as the main tool to assess the level of dominance in the industry. Concentration indices, Lind indices and the modified Hall-Tideman coefficient were calculated and used to construct the matrix. The analysis of individual quadrants of the SV matrix showed that the Russian alternative milk market from 2019 to 2022 in each of the studied years was located in the G quadrant, which indicated a high concentration of the market, where four super-alpha companies stand out: “Sady Pridonya”, “Danone”, “Thai Agri Food Public Company”, “Soyuzpishchprom”.

KUALITAS PRODUK, HARGA DAN CITRA MEREK: PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN

Indonesian's consumption on milk has increased by year to year. Bear Brand is considered as one of qualified brands for its benefits. Compared to other brands, Bear Brand is continously increasing on its sales even it has the same quality and higher. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of product quality, price, and brand image on purchasing decisions, and which the most dominant variable influencing on purchasing decisions. This research used quantitative research. The populations were consumers of Bear Brand in Yogyakarta. This research sample was determined by purposive sampling technique as many as 100 people. Data analysis used multiple regression analysis. The results showed that product quality and, price had an effect on the decision to buy Bear Brand in Yogyakarta, while brand image had no effect on the decision to buy Bear Brand milk in Yogyakarta. The result showed that the most dominant variable influencing on purchasing decisions is the price variable.

Российский рынок питьевого молока: лидеры качества, факторы лидерства, корреляционная матрица успеха

Russian population needs reliable access to high-quality and safe milk. The authors analyzed the domestic enterprises that produce the best pasteurized milk brands. The research relied on the rating of milk producers compiled by Autonomous non-profit organization Russian Quality System (Roskachestvo). The main factors of leadership included location, organizational pattern, legal status, scale, specialization, production, assortment and marketing policies, etc. The correlation analysis included the main performance indicators and possible interfactor links. The article also introduces some success procedures for dairy enterprises.

Analysis of AY Field Brand Planning Based on Raw Milk Traceability

Mengniu and Yili have virtually monopolized the traditional Chinese dairy market, while new media marketing and digital strategies have opened up substantial business opportunities for emerging brands. Leveraging a differentiation strategy, the Adopt A Cow brand has successfully carved out its niche in the market, serving as an exemplary example. However, AY Field, as a self-owned brand by a supplier, faces the challenge of low product awareness among end consumers. This paper primarily concentrates on brand planning for the AY Field milk brand, with a focus on positioning the product for mid-range consumers, including students and office workers. The strategy involves the development of a new logo and packaging design, the selection of sports stars as brand ambassadors, and the implementation of innovative online sales promotions to bolster brand awareness and competitiveness. Research indicates that incorporating raw milk traceability and digital technology to establish a product brand with transparent ranches can significantly enhance AY Field’s competitive edge, facilitating the execution of a differentiated marketing strategy.

Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Fuzzy Improved Null Linear Discriminant Analysis for Rapid Discrimination of Milk Brands.

The quality of milk is tightly linked to its brand. A famous brand of milk always has good quality. Therefore, this study seeks to design a new fuzzy feature extraction method, called fuzzy improved null linear discriminant analysis (FiNLDA), to cluster the spectra of collected milk for identifying milk brands. To elevate the classification accuracy, FiNLDA was applied to process the near-infrared (NIR) spectra of milk acquired by the portable near-infrared spectrometer. The principal component analysis and Savitzky-Golay (SG) filtering algorithm were employed to lower dimensionality and eliminate noise in this system, respectively. Thereafter, improved null linear discriminant analysis (iNLDA) and FiNLDA were applied to attain the discriminant information of the NIR spectra. At last, the K-nearest neighbor classifier was utilized for assessing the performance of the identification system. The results indicated that the maximum classification accuracies of LDA, iNLDA and FiNLDA were 74.7%, 88% and 94.67%, respectively. Accordingly, the portable NIR spectrometer in combination with FiNLDA can classify milk brands correctly and effectively.

Quantification of Some Pesticide Residues in Milk Powder in Iraq by Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry

Pesticides are widely used on a global scale to improve productivity, but the persistent chemical residues they leave behind contaminate the environment and pose health risks to people. As a result, the current investigation was carried out to QuEChERS procedure adapted to gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS), to monitor the amounts of several organochlorine pesticides (OC), organophosphorus pesticides (OP), and pyrethroid in milk brand powder samples that were collected from Sulaimani market. About ten milk brand samples were analyzed to detect and quantify BHC, Chlorpyrifos, α-Cypermethrin, 2,4-D, Diazinon, and Endosulfan sulphate. Analytes provided acceptable responses at validation levels of 0.05 to 1 mg/kg. The linearity correlation coefficient R² was ≥ 0.9441, and limits of detection (LOD) value ranged from 0.18-0.49, limit of quantification (LOQ) value ranged from 0.54-1.49. Recovery percentage was obtained for all spiked levels (72.57-119.3) with acceptable relative standard deviation (RSD). The compounds α-Cypermethrin and Endosulfan sulphate found in most of the milk brands after that 2,4-D was found in brands but no one of them exceeded the MRL in all milk brands.

Investigation of melamine and cyanuric acid concentration in several brands of liquid milk and its non-carcinogenic risk assessment in adults and infants.

In this study, the melamine and cyanuric acid concentration of widely used milk brands and the probability of non-carcinogenic risk of the brands for adults and infants were investigated. These values were 1.37mg/L, 1.10mg/L, and 1.09mg/L, which corresponded to creamy sterilized sample, high-fat (creamy) pasteurized sample, and low-fat (less-creamy) pasteurized sample, respectively. Similarly, the highest amount of cyanuric acid occurred in brand A with the values of 0.79 mg/L, 0.65 mg/L, and 0.64 mg/L, which was reported in the same samples mentioned for melamine. The HQ (Hazard Quotient) of melamine in the brands of A, B, C and D for adults was 0.0025, 0.0011, 0.0006 and 0.0008 respectively. These values for infants were reported as 2.2280, 0.9444, 0.5714 and 0.6714 respectively. The risk probability of melamine for adults was less than 1. However, the HQ in brand A for infants was greater than 1 (2.380), which indicate the high probability of non-carcinogenic risk. Furthermore, the HI (Hazard Index) values of the brands of A, B, C and D for infants were 2.7913, 1.1737, 0.7067 and 0.838, respectively. The simultaneous melamine and cyanuric acid in the brands A and B in for infants increase the non-carcinogenic risk probability by approximately 2.8 and 1.2 times, respectively. The results revealed that the melamine and cyanuric acid concentrations in creamy milk samples (0.5%) were higher than in less-creamy milk samples (2.5%). Moreover, the amount of the compounds in sterilized milk samples was higher than pasteurized. In this study, a conversion factor (0.7) was proposed in order to find out the concentration of cyanuric acid in milk sample with the amount of melamine is known but the cyanuric acid concentration is unknown.

Gyan Dairy: charting the growth strategy

Learning outcomes This case should facilitate participants to analyze the influence of internal and external factors on a growing company in the dairy, agro and food industries; analyze the drivers of a company’s competitive advantage; evaluate the relevance of the company in the new product-markets; and propose growth strategies for the expansion of the business beyond the core markets. Case overview/synopsis Gyan Dairy began its journey in 2007 and operated in the business-to-business segment by supplying skimmed milk powder and white butter to other dairy players. Then, the company launched its packaged milk brand in Lucknow – the capital city of Uttar Pradesh – one of the largest provinces in India. By the end of 2020, Gyan was the leading private dairy brand in Uttar Pradesh. The company’s vision was to become one of the top dairy brands in India by 2035. While deliberating on the growth choice, the company’s senior management debated whether to strengthen the company’s position in the existing markets or expand operations in adjacent locations. Increasing market share would have led to price wars or advertising costs. Diversifying into product categories involved the risk of product–market misfit and new product development and marketing costs. However, pursuing these options would further strengthen the company’s position in the North Indian market. Expanding into new locations would help establish the company’s presence across different parts of India. However, both these options were replete with various challenges. Expanding into new markets needed one of the promoters of the Gyan Diary, to relocate, build new markets and institutional connections and build a completely new localized economy of scale, which would create a financial burden on existing operations until the new operation was self-sustainable. However, in this journey, they would find and build a model to help expand their operations in other countries as well. Ideally, the company could pursue all the options, but this was not possible due to constrained resources. This case allows students to discuss and evaluate alternate growth options associated with operationalizing the growth strategy choices in perishable branded food categories beyond existing markets and products. In addition, it also helps discuss how to arrive at such decisions after analyzing the focal firm’s market opportunities and existing capabilities. This case is helpful for the “growth strategy” module in the strategic management core course in a general MBA program and in specialized MBA programs in food and agri-business management. Complexity academic level This case is suitable for graduate-level courses on strategic management courses in general management programs and agri-business management programs. In a strategic management course, the case will help cover topics such as analysis of the internal and external environment of the firm and growth and expansion strategies. This case will help teach how to build competitive advantage in dairy and agro-food industries and the strategic analysis needed while pursuing growth decisions. Emerging markets, including India, are the growth markets for leading multinational companies in the food and dairy industries. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

DETERMINATION OF LEVEL OF AFLAFLATOXIN IN RAW MILK AND PASTEURIZED MILK SAMPLES

Aflatoxins are toxic compounds produced mainly by different genera of fungi and transferred to milk through contamination which causes life health hazards. The objective of the current study was to govern its existence in different raw and branded liquid milk samples sold in different areas of District Lahore in Pakistan. For this purpose, 80 samples ,40 raw and 40 branded milk samples were obtained during the months of July and August and analyzed to determine the level of AFM1 in milk by using ELISA technique. Typically, the investigative measures go through the subsequent stages: sampling, extraction, determination and quantification. 50% of the samples were positive for Aflatoxin M1, with a range of 49.73-429.61 ppt. Contamination beyond EU permissible limits for raw milk samples was 67.5% with 52.75-429.60 ppt range and 203.42 ppt mean. Samples collected from Shalimar Tehsil were observed more contaminated than others. On the other hand, branded milk contamination beyond EU limit was 30% with range of 49.73-381.04 ppt and 138.53 ppt mean. Consequently, Greater level of AFM1 in raw milk is a communal health risk, but a checking and scrutiny program for Aflatoxin M1 control in milk industry should be established to avert well-being harms.

Kıbrıs’ın Kuzeyinde Üretilen Süt Örneklerinde Aflatoksin M1 Düzeyleri

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is formed in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes and can be secreted into the urine, feces, and milk of mammals. AFM1 is a carcinogenic, cytotoxic, teratogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic agent that poses a significant health risk to both humans and animals. This study was conducted to determine the presence of AFM1 in both raw and ultra-high temperature (UHT) cow’s milk samples produced in the northern part of Cyprus, and to determine whether it poses a risk to public health. In this survey, a total of 20 UHT cow’s milk samples from 2 different milk brands produced in the northern part of Cyprus, and 22 raw cow’s milk samples collected from the different dairies were analyzed for the presence of AFM1 by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector after immunoaffinity cleanup. AFM1 could not be detected in any of the analyzed raw and UHT cow milk samples. The LOD and LOQ values of the HPLC-FLD method were 1.038 μg/kg and 3.145 μg/kg, respectively. The mean recovery and repeatability values of the method were 95.6% and 4.9%, respectively. Although the presence of AFM1 in milk samples produced in the northern part of Cyprus poses no major risk to public health, more milk samples and animal feed must be monitored on a regular basis to decrease potential consumer exposure.

The Positive Chinese Women Image in the 21st Century from the Perspective of Multimodal Analysis in the Milk Advertising Discourse ---Take Two Milk Brands as Examples

This paper is a multimodal analysis of women image in milk advertisement, including the analysis of Bright Dairy advertisement of Chinese women volleyball team and the analysis of Mengniu advertisement of Eileen Gu. By applying multimodal method, the author analyzes these two milk ads respectively to point out that the milk ads in the 21st present a positive women image. In these ads, women are portrayed as courageous, independent, indomitable and perseverant.

Microplastics in branded milk: Dietary exposure and risk assessment

In this study, 14 packaged milk of various brands sold in the Türkiye market was examined. The microplastics were physically characterised under the microscope. Their vibrational spectra were recorded with the ATF/FT-IR technique at the range of 650–4000 cm-1. The polymer types were determined by matching the obtained spectra with the reference spectra. Daily and life time microplastic exposure by milk intake was calculated using the deterministic model. Microplastics were found in milk samples in two different shapes (fiber and fragment), five different polymers (ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyurethane and nylon-6) and six different colors (black, red, green, blue, brown, and gray). The mean number of microplastic in milk samples analysed was 6 ± 5 particles/L. The mean dietary exposure for age 15 and over were 0.21 particles/mL/day and 5289 particles/mL/70-years. A total of 64 % of milk samples analysed have a moderate level of microplastic contamination based on the microplastic contamination factor values. All milk samples have an average microplastic polymer risk index of 255 ± 733, which indicates a medium level of risk. The result of this study shows that microplastics are common in milks analysed which will be directly consumed by human. The result of this study provide evidence that milks were being contaminated by microplastics mostly during production process rather than through package and suggest that to reduce microplastic contamination in milk, every step must be improved, starting with basic production.

Digital Communication: Bridge to Repurchase Intention

Background: According to the Top Brand Index (TBI) statistics for 2021, Milo was ranked fifth in the ready-to-drink liquid milk category. Furthermore, in the Milk Powder category, Milo was picked third out of four milk brands in the same year. Aim: This study examines the impact of Brand Familiarity, Brand Love, and e-WOM on Brand Attitude and the Repurchase Intention of Milo brand consumers in Samarinda City. Method: This study uses a questionnaire with the object of research being the Milo Brand product. The sample of this study is 147 respondents conducted in the city of Samarinda. The method of sampling is accidental sampling, which means that data were collected from respondents while found. The research methodology for this study involves using a quantitative approach, including path analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), which were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistic 25 software and AMOS 5.0 software. Findings: The analysis of the structural model in this study found that three out of six hypotheses were significant: (1) the effects of Brand Familiarity, e-WOM, and Brand Love on Brand Attitude, and (2) the effects of e-WOM, Brand Love, and Brand Attitude on Repurchase Intention. The other three hypotheses were not significant: (1) the effect of Brand Familiarity on Brand Attitude, (2) the effect of Brand Love on Repurchase Intention, and (3) the effect of e-WOM on Repurchase Intention.

IN THIS ISSUE: Small is beautiful, but ...

First paragraphs: On the cover of our spring 2023 issue (volume 12, issue 3), Samantha and Chris Kemnah enjoy a moment with their cows on Clover Bliss Farm, their 190-acre farm in South Argyle, New York. You can read more about the Kemnahs in a 2018 article in the Hill Country Observer by Tracy Frisch entitled “An escape route from dairy farming’s crisis?” Alas, the economic pressure Frisch referred to five years ago has remained for small dairy farmers—and particularly for small organic dairy farms. Since that article was written, the consumption of fluid milk has continued to decline even as organic milk has flooded into the limited market. In 2021, Danone North America (owner of the Horizon Milk brand) cancelled contracts with dozens of small organic dairy farms in the Northeast U.S., triggering an economic crisis and calling into question Danone’s certified B Corporation status. Observers have wondered, how could a company that promotes itself as farm-friendly not offer a more engaging and deliberative process in making such a consequential business decision? But this case triggers an even larger question: while small may be beautiful, can small and middle-scale also be resilient, even in a triple bottom-line context? . . .

Spectral separation degree method for Vis-NIR spectroscopic discriminant analysis of milk powder adulteration

Adulteration detection of adding ordinary milk powder to high-end dedicated milk powder is challenging due to the high similarity. Using visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy combined with k-nearest neighbor (kNN), the discriminant analysis models of pure brand milk powder and its adulterated milk powder (including unary and binary adulteration) were established. Standard normal variate transformation and Norris derivative filter (D = 2, S = 11, G = 5) were jointly used for spectral preprocessing. The separation degree and separation degree spectrum between two spectral populations were proposed and used to describe the differences between the two spectral populations, based on which, a novel wavelength selection method, named separation degree priority combination-kNN (SDPC-kNN), was proposed for wavelength optimization. SDPC-wavelength step-by-step phase-out-kNN (SDPC-WSP-kNN) models were established to further eliminate interference wavelengths and improve the model effect. The nineteen wavelengths in long-NIR region (1100–2498 nm) with a separation degree greater than 0 were used to establish single-wavelength kNN models, the total recognition-accuracy rates in prediction (RARP) all reached 100%, and the total recognition-accuracy rate in validation (RARV) of the optimal model (1174 nm) reached 97.4%. In the visible (400–780 nm) and short-NIR (780–1100 nm) regions with the separation degree all less than 0, the SDPC-WSP-kNN models were established. The two optimal models (N = 7, 22) were determined, the RARP values reached 100% and 97.4% respectively, and the RARV values reached 96.1% and 94.3% respectively. The results indicated that Vis-NIR spectroscopy combined with few-wavelength kNN has feasibility of high-precision milk powder adulteration discriminant. The few-wavelength schemes provided a valuable reference for designing dedicated miniaturized spectrometer of different spectral regions. The separation degree spectrum and SDPC can be used to improve the performance of spectral discriminant analysis. The SDPC method based on the separation degree priority proposed is a novel and effective wavelength selection method. It only needs to calculate the distance between two types of spectral sets at each wavelength with low computational complexity and good performance. In addition to combining with kNN, SDPC can also be combined with other classifier algorithms (e.g. PLS-DA, PCA-LDA) to expand the application scope of the method.

Static headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for volatile organic compounds in bovine milk samples

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) provide insight into the taste and aroma of milk. VOCs in milk are typically analyzed using headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). While static headspace GC‐MS is a simple and widely applicable analytical technique for the analysis of VOCs in various samples, it has not been frequently applied to milk samples. In this study, static headspace GC‐MS was used to compare the VOCs of three different brands of commercial milk. Three components were identified in the samples, that is, acetone, toluene, and 2‐heptanone, where the concentration ranges of acetone, toluene, and 2‐heptanone in the milk samples were 2.284–3.256, 0.028–0.178, and 0.014–0.020 μg/mL, respectively. A literature review found that all three components were previously reported in milk, while toluene and 2‐heptanone were newly identified using headspace GC‐MS in this study.

Identification of Characteristic Peptides of Casein in Cow Milk Based on MALDI-TOF MS for Direct Adulteration Detection of Goat Milk

It is widely acknowledged that casein is an important allergenic protein in milk which may cause danger to customers. The identification and confirmation of caseins through mass spectrometry requires the selection of suitable characteristic peptides. In this study, by means of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), the three most representative specific peptides of caseins in cow milk were screened out with mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) of 830, 1195, and 1759, respectively. By comparing 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) and α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) MALDI matrices, it was found that DHB was more suitable for peptide detection with the limits of detection (LODs) of 0.1 mg/L for α, β-casein. Furthermore, on the basis of verifying the characteristic peptides of casein from cow milk, this protocol was applied to goat milk authentication. Cow milk addition in goat milk was investigated by using the screened specific peptides. The results showed that the adulteration could be identified when the proportion of cow milk was 1% or more. When applied to inspect adulteration in five brands of commercial goat milk, specific peptides of bovine casein were detected in four of them. The method has the advantages of strong reliability, high throughput, simple preprocessing, and fast speed, which can provide powerful help for prewarning dairy allergen.

An Investigation of the Safety and Nutritional Adequacy of Infant Formulas Found in Nigeria

Introduction Human breast milk is most recommended for the feeding of infants. Infant formulas could be introduced due to a number of reasons relating to the health of the mother or of the baby.  Objective To assess the nutritional adequacy and safety of commonly sold infant formula milk brands in the Nigerian market.  Method An observational study was conducted in Plateau State Nigeria around the months of February – April 2023 where five (5) different brand of infant formulas where compared. These were chosen because they were the most commonly available formulas in the market. Macro and micronutrient content of each formula milk was carefully collected from the cans and documented. Also, a comparison was made between the selected infant formulas and the European Society for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrient (ESPGHAN) guidelines.  Results All included infant formula brands (SMA, Peak Baby, My Boy, NAN, and Lactogen) have their content within the optimal range as specified by the ESPGHAN. However, some formulas did not contain elements as fluoride and Niacin. Others are Aracidonic acid (AA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DNA) and Nucleotides.  Discussion Findings from this study revealed that all the included infant formula brands could be considered safe but not all are nutritionally adequate for infant feeding.  Conclusion There is a need re-evaluate the composition of infant formula brands commonly sold on the Nigerian market. This is necessary since the commonly available brands were not nutritionally adequate.

Analysis Sentiment of Nestle Bear Brand during the Covid-19 Pandemic on Social Media Twitter

Position and brand image are important and crucial in marketing strategy. Brand position and image form strong associations with targeted consumers used to differentiate a brand from its competitors. Companies must understand good marketing strategies to improve their brand position in society based on consumer perspective. During the Covid-19 pandemic, especially in 2021, there was a unique phenomenon, whereby the demand for Bear Brand Milk was greater than the market leader, namely Ultra milk, while Ultra milk was even cheaper than the Bear Brand milk. This phenomenon is discussed on social media, especially Twitter regarding opinions from consumers in purchasing the products. This study aims to determine whether online text reviews can provide an overview of the position and brand image of Bear Brand Milk using LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count) sentiment analysis and PCA (Principal Component Analysis). Based on our analysis, we can conclude that LIWC can provide an overview regarding the brand image and brand positioning of Bear Brand milk and Ultra milk. Brand image is obtained from variables that describe psychological variables when using or imagining the brands. Brand Position through PCA analysis describes the difference in gain between the dominant variables in the two brands.

Radiological health assessment of infant milk in Erbil Governorate, Iraq.

In this research, the radioactivity caused by natural radionuclides (40K, 232Th, and 226Ra) was evaluated in infant milk consumed in Erbil, Iraq. The measurements were performed using an HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer. The variation of activity concentrations in milk samples was (99.56-256.9Bqkg-1) for 40K, (BDL-0.53Bqkg-1) for 232Th, and (0.27-5.59Bqkg-1) for 226Ra, as determined by the results. The radiological parameters of Eing, Dorg, and ELCR were calculated and compared to international standards. The correlation between computed radiological hazard parameters and natural radionuclides was analyzed statistically using Pearson's correlation. Overall, the results indicate that infant milk consumption in Erbil is radiologically safe and that consumers of these brands of milk are unlikely to be directly exposed to radiological health risks.