Stability of the Prandtl boundary layer equation under various boundary conditions

Mechanical performance of reinforced concrete sandwich shells with different boundary conditions

Employee voice with purpose: Linking psychological safety, obligation and efficacy.

Linear and nonlinear boundary conditions: What’s the difference?

Asymptotic behavior in a chemotaxis-consumption system with logistic growth and nonzero Dirichlet boundary conditions

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) technology is crucial in the initial respiratory support of newborns with insufficient spontaneous breathing. Although two neonatal CPAP systems, the Neopuff T-piece and the Inspire rPAP, use constant flow technology, clinical observations reveal significant differences in pressure stability during ventilation of newborn children. The Neopuff T-piece device exhibits stronger pressure fluctuations compared to the Inspire rPAP, which maintains more stable airway pressures. This study investigates the root causes of these instabilities using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations in anatomically realistic neonatal airway models, focusing on how device geometry and flow behavior influence pressure stability and imposed work of breathing (iWOB). Digital models of the devices were created using CAD software, and neonatal airway geometries were segmented from MRI data. Steady-state 3D CFD simulations, employing the k-ω-SST turbulence model, were conducted for three respiratory scenarios: resting, inhalation, and exhalation. Both CPAP devices were simulated under identical boundary conditions for direct comparison. The Inspire rPAP demonstrated higher static pressures, flow velocities, and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) but maintained superior pressure stability, with fluctuations limited to 6.28 %, compared to 46.12 % for the Neopuff. The Neopuff's T-piece geometry generated vortices and flow resistance, particularly during exhalation, increasing iWOB. In contrast, the Inspire rPAP's narrower, multi-channel design effectively shielded the patient interface from high-energy flows, reducing interaction with expiratory streams. These findings highlight the critical role of internal flow-guiding geometry in pressure regulation and iWOB. The study underscores the value of CFD modeling in optimizing neonatal CPAP systems to improve respiratory support and reduce the burden on preterm infants.

Pointwise explicit bound for derivative of solutions to linear parabolic PDEs with Neumann boundary conditions

Symmetric direct discontinuous Galerkin method for the biharmonic equation with non-homogeneous boundary condition

Childhood emotional and physical maltreatment and borderline personality disorder features in adolescence: A dual-model examination of mediation and moderation via secure and insecure attachment.

On the existence of local defect resonance in ultrasonic guided waves interaction with horizontal defects in plates.

Energy-vortex-momentum coupling bridges hydrodynamics and mass transfer of perfluoroalkyl acids.

A nonlinear Caputo-type coupled fractional differential system with a new class of coupled multi-point closed boundary conditions

Solving the inverse problem of time-dependent heat source identification with non-classical boundary conditions

Analytical solution for two-dimensional multilayer transient thermal conduction with a time-varying convective boundary condition

A growing field of research examines how people experience and resolve cognitive conflicts in their behaviours, particularly in relation to meat consumption. Despite the alleged importance of conflict in behaviour change, most research focuses on how conflict motivates individuals to change or maintain their conflicted behaviour but disregards that conflict may persist even after successful behaviour change. This oversight has contributed to seemingly contradictory conclusions by conflating different kinds of conflicts and has arguably constrained theory development. Our review thus delineates (a) how people with different dietary patterns in meat consumption are affected by meat-related ambivalence and dissonance, (b) differences in the characteristics (magnitude, frequency, moralization) of these conflicts, (c) boundary conditions of why conflict experiences arise, and (d) how these factors determine the downstream consequences of conflict. This allows us to derive several novel predictions, ranging from why conflict avoidance strategies may sometimes paradoxically increase the likelihood of experiencing conflict to the distinct roles of capability, opportunity, and motivation in shaping the behavioural consequences of conflict. By re-evaluating prevailing assertions in the literature on meat-related conflict, we offer numerous theoretical and practical implications regarding cognitive conflict and the psychology of meat consumption and avoidance.

Alterations in osteocyte mechanostimulation within trabecular-lacunar cavities of human bone from intact to implanted cases: a multiscale model elucidating the role of osteocyte mechanosensors.

A methodology for boundary condition optimization in 3D-CFD of internal combustion engines

Global uniform regularity and vanishing viscosity limit for the compressible Navier-Stokes-Poisson equations with damping under slip boundary condition

Electromagnetic-thermal control of Casson hybrid nano-cerebrospinal fluid in a bio-reactor channel: Magnetophoretic guidance for neurotherapeutics.

Physics-informed neural networks in water and wastewater systems: a critical review.