Scientific Books Research Articles

Combating Racial Disparity in Children’s Public Health Education and Literature

Racial disparities in public health persist due to unequal representation of race in lectures, textbooks, case studies, and even clinical training in both health related and biomedical education. This racial disparity is also apparent in children’s literature. Children’s literature predominantly features white main characters, which is particularly true when looking at science books. To address these issues, the authors created an oncology book that featured not only illustrated characters of color but also highlighted a scientist of color in the oncology field. The book uses a kid-friendly approach to address topics such as cancer symptoms, uncontrolled cell division, metastasis, cancer prevention, cancer treatments and how to provide support for someone who has cancer. One of the book’s goals was to debunk myths related to cancer and provide a resource to initiate conversations about cancer for children and their families. The Oncology Book was framed from a Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics career with an emphasis on health equity and social justice; therefore, it features illustrated characters of color and a real-life scientist who identifies himself as both Latino and Black who documents his work as a cancer researcher and discusses pathways into various careers in oncology. He also encourages preventative and promotional health behaviors. This article discusses the need for the creation of this free online resource (available in English and Spanish) for healthcare professionals, researchers, and educators along with a paired lesson plan that is aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards.

Критерии оценки научной деятельности в библиотечно-информационной сфере

The features of the assessment of scientific activity and its results in the library and information sphere are considered. Criteria for evaluating the significance of the activities of a scientist in the library and information sphere and his works by the number of publications using citation and Hirsch indices are highlighted. An attempt was made to identify the attitude of scientists involved in research in this area to the accepted criteria for evaluating the results of scientific activity. The results of an anonymous survey of scientists involved in research in the field of library science, bibliography and book science are presented, the purpose of which is to analyze the effectiveness of various areas of evaluation of scientific activity in the library and information sphere. In the developed questionnaire, quantitative and qualitative criteria for evaluating scientific activity are proposed. The results of the survey showed that the attitude to the evaluation criteria is largely related to the role of a scientist (researcher, head of a scientific department, etc.), as well as to the peculiarities of the development of the field of scientific research itself.

Эрнест Львович Радлов – сотрудник Императорской Публичной библиотеки (1880–1890-е гг.)

The genealogical data and family ties of the famous Russian historian of philosophy Ernest Ľvovich Radlov, which were reflected in the formation of him as a prominent scientist, are traced. His natural and educated in the family inclinations to engage in research in the field of history and book science are revealed. For the first time, his activity in the Imperial Public Library in the 1880–1890s was studied in detail. His role in the improvement of the main processes of work in the Department of Philosophy and Pedagogy subordinated to him is studied. Reviews of readers who used his help while working in the Library are given. The issues of E. Ľ. Radlov’s formation as a professional library worker are revealed, which reasonably led to his subsequent directorship in the Library in the first years of Soviet power.

Reflection, Sense of Belonging, and Empathy in Medical Education-Introducing a "Novel" Model of Empathetic Development by Literature.

Empathy, self-reflection, and inclusion of the medical humanities in medical education are increasingly gaining attention. This seems prudent, as studies indicate that high physician empathy is associated with better patient outcomes and could protect against physician burnout. In addition, utilizing self-reflection has been reported to surge diagnostic accuracy and increase the ability of clinical health care providers. Therefore, in medical education, there is a need to address these, however intricate, most important skills. Not oblivious to this, for decades many medical schools have reaped experience from the humanities, sprouting the field of the medical humanities. However, significant barriers encountered when teaching the medical humanities to medical students are of concern. Consequently, a theory-based, inclusive, representative, and intuitive approach to the teachings is coveted. The aim of this article is to describe and present such an approach. To this end, I introduce a novel Model of Empathetic Development by Literature, schematizing the path from reading a text to displaying an act of empathy. Ever mindful of the relevance and feasibility to medical students, this article reflects on thoughts and evidence behind the hypothesis; that sense of belonging, self-reflection, and empathy could be gained by reading and discussing literary fiction. Referring to both original research articles, books of popular science, and philosophical considerations, a clear line of reasoning for the inclusion of literary fiction in medical education is made. Thereafter, it is outlined, how-in a medical humanities course at Copenhagen University-specific literary excerpts are utilized to bring forth reflection on different aspects, circumstances, and conditions of being a physician, thereby kindling the medical students' sense of belonging to their profession. As such, this perspective piece demonstrates a concrete approach to how a literary educative technique could manifest.

Lectora-Based Interactive E-Module: A Solution to Develop Mathematical Logic Intelligence of Islamic Elementary School Student in the Era Society 5.0

The research designed in this library research aims to describe and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of Lecora-based interactive e-modules in developing mathematical logic intelligence of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students in the era society 5.0. Data collection techniques using documentation, sourced from Scopus articles totaled 7, International articles totaled 5, Sinta 2 totaled 3, Sinta 3 totaled 6, Sinta 4 totaled 5, Sinta 5 totaled 7, Sinta 6 totaled 1, International Proceedings totaled 2, Google Scholar Journals totaled 4, and Scientific Books totaled 7. After the data is collected then analyzed with descriptive analysis and content analysis. The results showed that the use of Lectora-based interactive e-modules proved effective for developing mathematical logic skills of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students. And can be offered as an alternative in the world of education to face the era society 5.0 because of the easy access to learning through digital technology or Information and Communication Technology (ICT).

Бібліотечно-бібліографічна діяльність Володимира Дорошенка в Науковому товаристві імені Шевченка у Львові

The article is dedicated to the famous Ukrainian bibliographer of the 20th century Volodymyr Doroshenko, who was a valid member of the Shevchenko Scientific Society in Lviv, manager of the Bibliographical Bureau (1910–1914), chairman of the Bibliographical (later Bibliological) Commission (1913–1939). In Lviv, he received professional training as a librarian, overcoming the path from a temporary employee to the director of a library. His participation in the functioning and development of the Shevchenko Scientific Socie­ty in Lviv book collection, to which he gave more than 30 years of sacrificial work, is reflected. The role in substantiating its importance as a national library, which has a unique collection of Ukrainian and Ukrainian studies publications, as well as a scientific book collection and archive of Ukrainian print, is revealed. The bibliographic activity of V. Doroshenko, who carried out his main bibliographic projects under the auspices of the Shevchenko Scientific Society in Lviv, was highlighted: he carried out current registration of Ukrainian prints in 1911–1913; published thorough reviews of Ukrainian studies literature; was a co-compiler of personal bibliographic indexes of M. Hrushevsky, O. Kobylyanska, and M. Gogol. In 1913–1939, he headed the Bibliographic Commission of the National Academy of Sciences. In the Commission’s “Materials for Ukrainian Biblio­graphy” series, he published “List of Ivan Franko’s works with an appendix of articles about him and reviews of his writings” in two issues (fourth volume of the series) and “Goethe in Ukrainian translations, recitations and imitations” (sixth volume of the series). I. Franko’s bibliography, designed to cover as much as possible the multi-vector creativity of the writer and the literature about him, although unfinished, has the characteristics of a scientific publication, the principles of its arrangement are close to modern bibliographic fi­gures. A small, but original in terms of compilation method, the index of trans­lations by J. V. Goethe has not lost its relevance for researchers of creativity and translators of the works of the German writer. The final bibliographic project of V. Doroshenko of the Lviv period and the pinnacle of his bibliographic skill was the personal bibliographic index of T. Shevchenko, which was highly rated by experts and added to the golden fund of Ukrainian bibliography of the 20th century.

Scientific gaslighting

Robert P Crease objects to those who claim – often in popular science books – that science is the one and only road to reality.

SCIENTIFIC VALUES INCLUDED IN SCIENCE BOOK OF THE FIRST INTERMEDIATE GRADE

The current research aims to find out the extent to which science books for the intermediate stage include scientific values for the academic year 2020/2021. For the purpose of achieving the goal of the research, a list of the main scientific values and their sub-indicators to be included in the science books for the intermediate level was prepared after the researcher reviewed a set of educational basics and previous studies related to the current research which helped in preparing a list that included (10) main scientific values and (39) behavioral indicators distributed on the main scientific values in their initial form. To be sure about this list, it evaluated by special experts. On their recommendations, two scientific values and their behavioral indicators were removed and some amendments were made to the list, so that the list consisted of (8) main scientific value and (31) behavioral indicators in its final form. After verifying the validity of the research tool, the reliability of the tool was extracted through an analysis of (20%) of the pages of the research sample to be analyzed, and the calculation of the percentage of agreement between the researcher and himself over time, as well as between the first analysis of the researcher and another analyst and between the second analysis of the researcher and the other analyst by using (Holsti) equation, and then presenting the analysis sample and the results obtained to two specialized experts, and after confirming the characteristics of the psychometric tool, the content of science books for the intermediate stage was analyzed in the light of the list of scientific values, and among the most important results that were reached: 1- Proposing eight scientific values. They are: curiosity, scientific honesty, acceptance of criticism, and patience in making judgments, ethics of science, scientific thinking, appreciation of science, and appreciation of scholars. 2- The behavioral appearance (attention to new attitudes) came to the scientific value of curiosity in: - A- The content of the science book for the first intermediate grade, with a total of (104) iterations and a percentage rate of (13.38%), ranked first

This Portrait of Marie Curie

Molecular Frontiers JournalOnline Ready Special Issue on The Value of Mentorship in the Scientific CommunityOpen AccessThis Portrait of Marie CurieOmar M. YaghiOmar M. YaghiProfessor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Chief Scientist at Bakar Institute of Digital Materials for the Planet, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAE-mail Address: yaghi.berkeley.eduCorresponding author.https://doi.org/10.1142/S2529732523500050Cited by:0 PreviousNext AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsRecommend to Library ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Remember to check out the Most Cited Articles! Check out our Popular Science books! FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Recommended Online Ready Metrics History Published: 6 June 2023 Information© The Author(s)This is an Open Access article published by World Scientific Publishing Company. It is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY) License which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.PDF download

Интернет-каналы распространения информации о фан-изданиях

Creative activities of media fans have been studied in the last decades, however books made by fans attract little attention, including from the field of book science. The paper presents results of a research into usage of social media and other web services for the purpose of distribution of information about fans’ book projects based on video games. Also considered are questions of ethics of such research in view of traditions of book science and with consideration of protection of fans’ pseudonymity and of the researcher. A conclusion is made about diversity of web services used by fans, and about ephemeral, vulnerable nature of information about such projects. Presented as well are ways to develop further research and possible problems that may arise.

The major threats to the Endangered Barbary macaque Macaca sylvanus in North Africa

The Barbary macaque is currently the only macaque species that occurs beyond Asia. It has been classified as an endangered species on the IUCN’s Red List and is listed in CITES Appendix I. This species is actually restricted to small and fragmented habitats in the Moroccan Rif, Middle and High Atlas, and in the Algerian areas of Chiffa, Grande Kabylie and the Petite Kabylie. A very large number of studies indicated that this primate is in decline and its population is estimated to have declined at a rate exceeding 50% over the last three generations. This article aims to review the major threats and challenges to the Barbary macaque conservation in North Africa. Data were gathered from research articles, scientific books, communications, thesis and PhD dissertations of the authors and of other researchers. Results showed that the major threats to the survival of Barbary macaques are habitat loss and degradation, population fragmentation, capture and trade of macaques, effects of human activities on Barbary macaques’ behavior and ecology, conflict with inhabitants due to crop raiding, the decrease in water availability to macaques, and infectious disease risks. Based on this review, we recommend several measures to reduce the likelihood of the Barbary macaque becoming extinct in many regions of North Africa.

Policy of providing open-access e-books at LIPI during the Covid-19 pandemic

The policy of providing open-access e-books is one form of information disclosure carried out by LIPI in building a public facility in the form of a credible and innovative source of scientific literacy, particularly related to scientific publications of publicly funded research results. This research analyzed the policy of providing LIPI e-books in 2020-2021 in the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection was carried out in May-June 2021 through in-depth interviews with two informants, a literature review, and observation of document searches related to the policy of providing open-access e-books at LIPI Press. The results indicated that the policy was fulfilled by implementing the Local Knowledge Acquisition Program and the Open Monograph Press (OMP) electronic publishing system. This policy has effectively increased the visibility, accessibility, and usefulness of scientific books during the Covid-19 pandemic. This can be seen from the increasing number of access to LIPI Press e-books provided through OMP throughout 2020-2021. However, the lack of understanding of open access among the public is a challenge in providing e-books. At the same time, the limited number of human resources who handle the electronic publishing information technology system is a fundamental problem in developing an e-book publishing system. This study concludes that the basis and implementation of the policy for providing open-access e-books are feasible to be maintained and improved, especially as a form of accountability for public funds used for public knowledge sources.

DIAGNOSIS OF MISCONCEPTIONS IN BIOLOGY PART OF GENERAL SCIENCE BOOK: A CASE STUDY OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

True conceptualization is critical in understanding the fundamental principles of general science at the primary level. Concepts developed without prior understanding of the subject are not always wrong, although they might be characterized as misconceptions. The current study was conducted to identify misconceptions in biology part of general science book. Furthermore, it was to analyze the most likely causes of these diagnose misconceptions among primary school students. The current study was a case study. Two-tier diagnostic tests and diagnostic test interviews were employed as study instruments. The 400 fifth-grade students were chosen on purpose as a test sample, and 20 students were chosen for the semi-structured interview that possessed more misconceptions. Thematic analysis was utilized to do a qualitative study of the data. In addition, data triangulation was performed to combine the test and interview results. Language misunderstanding, misinterpretation of prior knowledge and visualization inaccuracy were the main causes for diagnosed misconceptions. It was recommended that a suitable atmosphere for general science learning be provided and that teachers should design learning using the appropriate method, strategy, model, and media to dispel misconceptions in biology part of general science book among primary school students. Keywords: Misconception, general science, primary students, reasons behind misconceptions.

A Well-known Bibliographer, Librarian, Teacher and Historian – Taisiia Kivshar

The aim of the article is to highlight, summarise and evaluate the contribution of Professor Taisiia Kivshar to the development of bibliological science and education in Ukraine, her pedagogical and social activities, based on a critical analysis of professional publications. The research methodology involves the use of research tools of socio-communicative, systematic, and historical-genetic approaches, which made it possible to determine a complex of factors that influenced the formation of the scientific outlook and professional qualities of the professor. The author of the article also applies historiographical, source studies, analytical, comparative, and bibliometric methods. The scientific novelty consists in identifying the main periods of the formation of Kivshar’s professional worldview, an objective assessment of her contribution to the development of bibliological science and education in Ukraine, the facts and sources of the professor’s biographical and scientific heritage are introduced into scientific circulation, her contribution to bibliology, library science, the history of Ukrainian bibliology, the development of modern librarianship and Ukrainian library biography is scientifically substantiated. Conclusions. About 250 scientific publications of Kivshar on the issues of the history of Ukrainian bibliology, the history of library and book science, library biography, biographies of the founders of scientific thought, as well as the social functions of libraries, the relationship between library and book studies, etc. are a notable achievement of the professor. She succeeded in substantiating certain trends in the book publishing business of Ukraine in the post-war period, introducing into scientific circulation numerous important facts from the history of book and library studies, replenishing the source base of Ukrainian bibliography with documents created both on ethnic lands and outside their borders, and publishing the names of scientists and scientific works banned by the Soviet censorship, as well as trying to determine the contribution of each individual to the development of individual components of bibliology, book studies, library studies, bibliography and spread this knowledge among the professional community. A certain achievement of the professor can be considered the identification and substantiation of library biography as an independent direction in the composition of special biography and library science, the definition of its tasks and substantiation of the development trend in the history of librarianship in the 20th–early 21st centuries. The coverage of the pages of the biography of Ukrainian women outside the borders of Ukraine, the definition of their role in preserving national identity in a foreign language environment, their patriotism and intelligence are also of interest. Kivshar devoted a significant part of her life to pedagogical work, teaching students, postgraduates, and researchers the basics of organising and managing librarianship, encouraging them to study the history of Ukrainian book publishing and librarianship, to familiarise themselves with the main milestones in the history of domestic book culture, the analysis of Ukrainian bibliology, taking into account the achievements of domestic humanities.

Bad Sexology: The Scientific Publications of the University Press (Watford and London), 1897–1901

Summary This article surveys the full catalogue of works published by the University Press, erstwhile of Watford, and its mysterious proprietor George Ferdinand Springmühl von Weissenfeld. The intrepid (and criminal) outfit is well known for publishing the first English editions of Sexual Inversion by Havelock Ellis and John Addington Symonds which were banned in Britain following a sensational trial in 1898. Other works produced by the press were crucial in establishing the new sexology across social strata in modern Britain. Among them are several English translations of French sexological tomes. There were also in-house productions that shaped the new sexology for a popular British readership including some of the first non-fiction books by Walter Matthew Gallichan, written under the pseudonym Geoffrey Mortimer. More than this, von Weissenfeld mounted an extraordinary defence of the freedom to publish scientific books about sex, an endeavour that was inextricably linked with his anti-establishment marketing strategy.

Firenze University Press: the peer review policy of an Italian academic publisher. Interview with Fulvio Guatelli by Alessia Papa

Peer review evaluates the originality and quality of a scientific work, through the judgment of a peer group, in order to preserve scientific authority and prevent the publication of poor quality manuscripts. Fulvio Guatelli, director of the Firenze University Press (FUP), one of the most innovative realities in the scientific field and one of the first publishing houses to have brought the peer review process to Italy, answers eight questions. FUP pays considerable attention to editorial practices; the FUP Scientific Cloud for Books project allows the systematic description, through a "cloud" of metadata, of all aspects of the scientific book (authorship, evaluation process, dissemination tools and access methods), in order to contribute to its enhancement and place it in the wake of scientific journals. FUP also aims at the dissemination of a qualitatively valid science, supporting the reviewers through collaborations, such as ReviewerCredits, which certify and reward their work. Initiatives that testify to the continuous evolution and gradual refinement process of peer review in the context of today's scientific community.

PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF A LIBRARIAN OF MONASTIC BOOK COLLECTIONS IN MEDIEVAL EUROPE: CHARACTERISTICS, FUNCTIONS, FEATURES

In the proposed article by Viktor Sokolov «Professional activities of a librarian in medieval Europe’s monastic libraries: characteristics, functions, peculiarities» the information concerning the activities of a librarian in Western European monastic libraries in the middle ages is analyzed and summarized. The relevance of this study is due to the need to study the specifics and development of the functional duties of monastic librarians, which have not been studied before, against the background of the formation and evolution of monastic libraries in the Early middle ages. The purpose of this article is to identify and characterize the features of the activities of librarians of monastic libraries in medieval Europe (mainly Western). The methodology of this scientific work consists in the application of both general scientific research methods (description, comparison, analogy, deduction, induction, analysis, etc.) and historical (historical-comparative, historical-typological, chronological, etc.) methods. Methods of terminological analysis, analysis of dictionary definitions, etymological and word-formation analysis, bibliographic and other research methods were also used. The article explores the main areas and areas of activity of a librarian in Western European monastic libraries, as well as some features of the development of book and library business in monasteries through the prism of the functional duties of a librarian. The content and significance of his professional activities in the dissemination of reading, education, development of book and library business are analyzed. The study made it possible to reveal the peculiarities of the interpretation of the terms that determine the activities of the librarian of Western European monastic libraries in the middle ages, in particular, the term «armarius» in modern book science and library research. The main factors and features of the formation of the meaning of the term «armarius» in the process of becoming a professional activity of monastic librarians are revealed. The scientific novelty of the work lies in expanding the understanding of the professional activities of the librarian of Western European monastic libraries in the period, mainly, the early middle ages and revealing the significance of his activities in the development of not only book and library science, but also the spiritual culture of the middle ages as a whole. The study shows that monastic librarians played an important role in organizing systematic reading among monks – both individual (including for educational purposes, in the form of obedience) and collective – using the method of reading aloud to familiarize themselves with the content of certain (predominantly theological) books. The position is confirmed that for the monastic librarian, a wide education, erudition and knowledge of books was considered an indispensable feature of his professionalism. Performing professional tasks at the proper level required from the monastery librarian certain analytical abilities in working with text, knowledge of several foreign languages (including ancient ones), detailed content of religious books, the ability to describe books and compile catalogs, as well as perform various functions that require conscientiousness, accuracy, ingenuity, etc. The article shows that the monastic librarian had to organize the work of the library at the appropriate level and monitor the proper use of books by the monks, as well as monitor their reading needs. The librarian not only supervised the work of the monastery library, ensured the preservation of books and control over their proper use, but also actively engaged in book business through the management of the scriptorium, controlling all stages of book creation. Conclusions. The activity of the monastic clergy, including monastic librarians, spreading the Christian doctrine, thereby contributed to the spread of literacy and reading among a certain part of not only the monks, but also the population as a whole. Gradually, writing became an integral part of monastic life, where books and libraries occupied an important place. The decisive place in these processes was occupied by the librarians of the monastery libraries as the keepers of book collections and bearers of the spiritual and educational mission, book culture among the clergy and laity.

Incorporating Evidence into Collaborative Ecosystem Restoration: A Content Analysis of Bibliographic References and their Use in Salmon Recovery Plans.

Collaborative environmental management draws on a wide range of information, from a variety of stakeholders, to inform policy. Scientific information is particularly relevant for ecosystem restoration plans, such as those created for recovering species on the brink of extinction. This study examines use of evidence in salmon recovery plans in Puget Sound, USA. Across 12 plans, coders characterized 1104 references to identify their source, recency, domain, and context. Subsequently, 11 plans were analyzed in-depth to identify how each reference was used to support particular kinds of claims. Results indicate the most frequent source of information cited in salmon recovery plans is government agencies, especially from national and state governments, followed by peer reviewed journal articles and scientific books. Journal articles come predominantly from high impact (top quartile) journals, although these articles are on average 15 years old. Sources are almost exclusively from the domain of natural sciences (97%), with just 1% social sciences and 2% non-scientific. More references come from beyond than within the local watershed. Different reference sources are used to support different kinds of claims, with government agency sources positively associated with claims about species status/trends, and peer reviewed journal articles positively associated with claims about causes of species decline. Overall, the lack of social science references, and lack of references to support claims about levels of community support, reduce managers' abilities to incorporate features of social systems into species recovery planning.

A new role of SGLT-2 - treatment of IgA-nephropathy?

Sodium Glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2) paved their way into traditional science books less than a decade ago as a new class of drugs treating diabetes. However, the ongoing discovery of their ever-widening array of uses shows that we are still yet to tap into their full potential. SGLT2 inhibitors or the “gliflozins” selectively target SGLT2 co-transporters in proximal tubules of the nephron. The inhibition reduces the renal threshold for glucose reabsorption, resulting in glucosuria and lowering blood glucose levels. They have added benefits in kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetics. These positive reno-protective effects are not just exclusively for diabetic patients- non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) may benefit from gliflozins. Ig-A nephropathy (IGAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide. There is no population-based prevalence in Pakistan, but various centres have reported a prevalence between 2-20.83%(1).A multitude of drug candidates have been investigated to halt disease progression, including RAAS inhibitors, steroids and immunosuppressants, but have not shown significant utility. ---Continue

Russian Science and Russian book publishing in digits and bibliometric estimates

The purpose of the study was to investigate into the flow of Russian scientific publications on the basis of various information systems and statistical data and to determine if they can be used for forecasting Russian science devеlopment, and to specify its place in the global space of scientific knowledge. The definitions for several discussable concepts are suggested.Sources and methods. The data of information systems used for bibliometrical assessment of publication flows are namely: Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI), Web of Science Core Collection (WoS CC), Scopus, and statistical data acquired by the Russian Book Chamber (RBC). The quantitative data on the number of researchers and science funding in the Russian Federation are based on the official statistics.Results. The data on the status of the publication flow in Russia were analyzed based on RBC statistics; RSCI, WoS CC and Scopus indicators are provided. The comparison enables to conclude that each system has its own tradition of integrating journals in their information flow, its own retrospection and classification system which leads to diverging estimates of Russia’s rank in different systems.