Injectable carbon nanotube-reinforced calcium phosphate bone cements with high-strength and improved osteogenesis for bone regeneration.

Supercritical CO2-foamed hierarchically porous PLA/PBS-based scaffold for advanced bone regeneration.

Single-pore silica nanotherapeutic platform with pH-Responsive NO release for osteoporosis repair.

Ginger extract release from 3D printed calcium phosphate scaffolds for bone regeneration.

Effective bone regeneration requires scaffolds capable of guiding and supporting new mineralized matrix formation. In this study, silk fibroin constructs cultured with human mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in the presence of either Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) or Human Platelet Lysate (hPL) are evaluated for their osteogenic potential. A distinctive aspect of this work is the combined use of synchrotron X-ray imaging and a convolutional neural network for high-resolution in situ three-dimensional scaffold osteogenic potential assessment. This approach enables precise evaluation of bone matrix arrangement within the scaffold architecture. Two-dimensional analysis reveals increased mineralization in pores with an average radius of ~115μm, area of ~4.0×104μm2, and eccentricity of ~0.7 in hPL construct. The subsequent three-dimensional analysis extends these findings by quantifying the spatial distribution and connectivity of the mineralized matrix across the scaffold volume. It identifies pores with an equivalent radius between 110 and 120μm, high surface area, and moderate sphericity (0.65-0.75) as optimal not only for mineral deposition but also for uniform 3D matrix propagation. Moreover, unsupervised clustering analysis also identifies optimal geometric interdependencies between pore size, surface area, and sphericity, offering new insights for rational design of high-performance scaffolds. The study demonstrates both the efficacy of silk fibroin scaffolds cultured with hPL in promoting bone regeneration and the relevance of a combined synchrotron imaging-artificial intelligence approach in quantitatively correlating three-dimensional porous geometry with regenerative outcomes.

A β-Si3N4/HA composite materials with biomimetic mineralized CaCO3 coating promote angiogenesis and bone regeneration through immunomodulation.

Metal-polyphenol network-engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome mimetics mediate inflammatory/immune regulation for enhanced periodontal tissue regeneration.

Bone tissue engineering continues to face challenges in developing biomaterials that are both safe and biologically active, particularly in promoting integration with native tissue. Traditional synthetic materials often lack cellular compatibility, driving research toward natural and biomimetic alternatives. In this context, microalgae have a diverse metabolic profile, producing several biologically active compounds (i.e. lipids, carbohydrates, pigments) with therapeutic potential for bone regeneration. Among these, peptides gain relevance due to their high cellular compatibility, osteogenic activity and tunable properties. Herein, this review provides a comprehensive and critical overview of microalgae-derived peptides, covering their manufacturing process. It covers the entire workflow from protein extraction to peptide purification and characterization. It summarizes their biological properties and therapeutic applications in bone regeneration and examines their status in clinical studies alongside the main regulatory and translational challenges. Particular focus will be given to the combination of advanced delivery systems for using microalgae therapeutic peptides to develop patient-specific implants. Overall, this review emphasizes the significance of microalgae as a versatile and sustainable resource to extract therapeutic peptides and to develop the next generation of biomaterials in bone regenerative medicine.

Implantoplasty is sometimes performed to eliminate the contaminated titanium surface of peri-implantitis affected implants. Bone regeneration treatments are performed in conjuction with implantoplasty. The aim of this study was to evaluate if produced titanium debris alter the bone-regeneration potential and if dexamethasone-doped polymeric nanoparticles, combined with calcium phosphate, may help to overcome this situation. Four critical bone defects were performed on six New Zealand-bred rabbit skulls. In each of the four bone defects, the following biomaterials were placed: 1) unfilled (control), 2) calcium phosphate granules (CaP), 3) titanium debris (Tid) and CaP, 4) dexamethasone-doped polymeric nanoparticles (DexNPs) doped onto CaP and Tid. After six weeks, animals were euthanized and the bone architecture was evaluated radiographically with micro computed tomography through BoneJ pluging and ImageJ script, and histologically after Von Kossa staining. Bone defects filled with CaP plus Tid showed lower defect closure than those filled with CaP. The presence of DexNPs restored the defect closure values, being similar to those of the CaP group. Bone filling area and bone area fraction attained the highest values in the presence of DexNPs. Aligned new bone islands were formed and grew up around the CaP granules, infiltrating its porous structure. In the CaP+Tid group a lower bone ingrowth was formed. When applying DexNPs, bone bridging processes were located surrounding the CaP biomaterial. The presence of Tid reduces the bone healing and DexNPs doped on CaP produced an increase in the osteogenic potential, improving the bone defect closure.

Injectable hydrogel induces tumor cell extracellular calcification and bone regeneration to disrupt the osteolytic vicious cycle in bone metastasis.

Bioinspired nanomicelles with octopus-like adhesion for microenvironmental reprogramming in periodontitis.

Biphasic bone-mimicking constructs containing silk fibroin peptide enhanced bone regeneration in segmental defects in rats.

Advanced multifunctional thermo- and electro-stimulative hydrogels for bone regeneration.

Liraglutide enhances bone regeneration in a critical-size calvarial defect model in male rats: A comparative study with autogenous grafts, allografts, and xenografts.

Mantis shrimp saddle-mimetic amorphous calcium (zinc) phosphate/chitin scaffolds with superior mechanical properties and bioactivity for bone regeneration.

Bibliometric analysis based on the web of science database: advances and research trends in the application of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in bone repair.

Mesoporous Bioactive Glass: Preparation, Characterisation, and Emerging Applications in Regenerative Medicine and Dentistry.

Research Trends in Autogenous Dentin Graft: A Bibliometric and Cluster Analysis (2006-2025).

Craniofacial bone reconstruction presents unique anatomical and functional challenges that differ from those associated with systemic skeletal repair, necessitating specialized regenerative strategies. Despite considerable advancements in bone tissue engineering for addressing complex craniofacial defects, existing approaches often encounter limitations such as insufficient biological activity, mismatched physicochemical properties, and unclear regulatory mechanisms. This review addresses these gaps by systematically examining recent innovations in the utilization of engineered metals, bioceramics, polymers, and emerging biomaterials, emphasizing their enhanced biocompatibility and bioactivity tailored for craniofacial applications. We discuss the integration of these materials with biological insights, focusing on how material-derived physicochemical and biological cues facilitate the coordinated regeneration of mesenchymal stem cells, vascular structures, neural elements, and immune cells within the regenerative microenvironment. Additionally, we summarize preclinical and clinical trials that illustrate the practical applications of these strategies. We propose that future regenerative approaches should emphasize dynamic responsiveness, microenvironmental biomimicry, intelligent monitoring, and multifunctional integration to advance effective therapies for craniofacial bone regeneration.

β-Boswellic acid/nHAP/GelMA hydrogel microspheres promote diabetic bone regeneration by enhancing mitophagy