Innovating stents for aneurysm repair: New implant designs informed by thrombosis modeling.

Investigation of fetal right ventricular contraction using pressure driven fluid structure interaction modeling

Fluvastatin and vascular endothelial growth factor Containing Resins Promote Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis.

Correlations of pterygial blood flow with corneal refractive properties and higher-order aberrations: A cross-sectional OCTA study.

Sustainable continuous renal replacement therapy: The influence of blood flow rates, effluent dose, autoeffluent, and citrate anticoagulation on carbon dioxide emissions.

Characterizing autonomic nervous system alterations in hospitalized patients with delirium: A scoping review.

The interaction of age and total lifetime drinks is associated with regional cortical perfusion and thickness in healthy adults with low-level alcohol consumption.

A 14-year-old girl underwent bilateral living-donor lobar lung transplants (LDLLT) from each parent for bronchiolitis obliterans following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy demonstrated a marked reduction in blood flow in the father-derived graft, which subsequently collapsed and was diagnosed as chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), whereas the mother-derived graft remained stable and functional. The HSCT was performed with the mother's stem cells, theoretically preventing rejection of the mother's graft. This case highlights the unique immunologic dynamics arising from donor selection in HSCT and LDLLT, and underscores the usefulness of scintigraphy in the early detection of CLAD.

Function diagrams focus on physiological concepts rather than associated structures and can serve as elaboration tools and mnemonic aids. A function diagram prototype of the gastrointestinal system was recently described (Wilson TE, Barrett KE. Adv Physiol Educ 45: 264-268, 2021). In this article, a functional diagram of the glomerulus, nephron, urinary system, and bladder is proposed. Colloquially named "Nessie the Nephron" to loosely capture the looping structure and elusive understanding of renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and epithelial transport for the student, not to mention the nearly mythical countercurrent multiplier. "Navigating the Lochs" references Nessie's possible habitat and more importantly the movement and storage of the modified ultrafiltrate from the nephron. The primary analogies that form the structure of this function diagram are Rain Barrel, Soaker Hose, and Hose Nozzle (afferent and efferent blood flow and filtration pressure); Water Purification System (glomerular filtration barrier forming multiple step filtration process involving the capillary, basement membrane, and podocytes); Mixed Recycling Machine (proximal tubule individual, co-, and bulk transport); Desiccator and Briner (thin descending limb removal of water and thin/thick ascending limb removal of salt); Conveyor Belt Picker (distal nephron selective ion transport); and Concentrator (collecting duct water and urea transport). The primary analogies that elaborate Navigating the Lochs are Aqueduct and Cistern System (fluid movement and collection); and Pressure Gauge, Syringe Bulb, and Two-Valve Plumbing (bladder storage and micturition). Complementing these analogies is the rich potential for inclusion of clinical and comparative applications and examples to link previous knowledge and strengthen memories for future retrieval.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Function diagrams put the focus on physiology and physiological concepts rather than the associated anatomy and can serve as elaboration tools and mnemonic aids. The function diagram of the nephron can provide analogies for glomerular filtration, bulk and selective epithelial transport, and overall ability to create concentrated or dilute urine. The function diagram of the urinary system and bladder can provide analogies for moving and storing urine and finally micturition.

Resting-state fMRI coherence is selectively diminished around 0.1 Hz in patients with unilateral carotid artery stenosis.

The typical intracardiac blood flow pattern of a healthy left ventricle includes vortex formations to help store energy, facilitate valve closure, and propagation of blood flow toward the outflow tract. Intracardiac blood flow patterns can be visualized with high frame rate echocardiography with blood speckle tracking (BST) and analyzed for measures of cardiac efficiency such as kinetic energy (KE), energy loss (EL), vorticity (VO), and vortex complexity (VC). Preterm infants are at high risk of cardiac compromise, but mechanistic pathways are unclear. The aim of this study is to gather BST reference values in stable preterm infants. Stable low-risk preterm infants < 30 wk' gestation underwent echocardiography with BST early and late in the neonatal admission period. PyUSview software was used for intracardiac flow analysis. We included 55 stable preterm infants. KE, EL, VO, and VC were significantly higher in diastole when compared with systole, and most BST parameters increased during the admission period. EL/KE as a measure of cardiac efficiency remained stable around 3% during systole, but EL/KE during diastole increased from 4.9% to 9.2% along with increasing E and A velocities, which is higher than reported in healthy term infants. Reference ranges of BST intracardiac flow parameters in stable low-risk preterm infants suggest relatively poor cardiac inflow efficiency due to high EL. This data can assist in the development of further clinical applications for BST in preterm infants, such as predicting disease progression, monitoring treatments, and early diagnosis of adverse left ventricular remodeling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we explored a subgroup of newborns with high risk of cardiac failure during their intensive care stay, the very preterm infant. We present reference values for blood speckle-tracking-derived measures of cardiac efficiency. This data can assist in the development of further clinical applications for echo blood speckle tracking in preterm infants, such as predicting disease progression, monitoring treatments, and early diagnosis of adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling.

Novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment strategies of diabetic retinopathy: A comprehensive review.

Molecular connectivity studies of cerebral glucose metabolism and blood flow: A scoping review.

Analysis of the Characteristics of Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients with Hemiplegia After Ischemic Stroke and Their Mid- and Long-Term Outcomes.

Previous research has raised the question of the extent to which physical therapists possess sufficient knowledge of cervical vascular pathologies and blood flow limitations and the clinical reasoning skills to appropriately identify a patient who is having an underlying vascular pathology. This study aims to investigate: (1) which risk factors are assessed during patient interviews and their frequency; (2) the physical examination tests used, therapists' training in these tests, and their confidence in performing them; (3) therapists' knowledge of cervical spine treatment risks and associated risk factors; and (4) whether these outcomes differ based on therapist characteristics. A cross-sectional digital survey. A combination of descriptive statistics and multivariate testing. 774 completed surveys were included in the data analysis. Most respondents reported routinely addressing cardiovascular risk factors, trauma history and contraindications during patient interviews. Peripheral neurological examination was most frequently used (72%), whereas auscultation (8%) and arterial pulse palpation (5%) were rarely applied. Positional testing, although no longer recommended, remained commonly used. Confidence varied, particularly for cranial nerve examination. Forty-eight percent perceived increased dissection risk after manipulation versus 15% after mobilization, and mobilization was generally considered safer. Respondents sufficiently addressed risk factors in the patient interview. Regarding the physical examination, improvement of physical therapists' knowledge and skills in cranial nerve examination is needed, and positional testing should be avoided as it is no longer recommended. Participants' knowledge of cervical spine treatment risks and risk factors is variable and ongoing updating of clinical knowledge is important, as conclusions may change over time.

Detailed Vascular Architecture and Flow in Congenital Retinal Macrovessels Observed With a Prototype High-Speed, High-Resolution Swept Source OCT.

Huang-Qi-Long-Dan Granule alleviates ischemic stroke injury by regulating the crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling.

Transcranial Photobiomodulation for autism spectrum disorder: Prospective open-label case series across age groups

During exercise, vascular resistance, the ratio of arterial pressure to blood flow [i.e., cardiac output (CO)], is an important component of the hemodynamic response determining peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2peak). However, how systolic blood pressure (SBP) responses reflect this pressure-flow relationship, and their association with V̇o2peak remain incompletely understood. We performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing in 135 females (51 ± 8 yr) across a broad fitness spectrum to evaluate V̇o2peak and SBP responses. SBP responses were stratified by maximal SBP (SBPmax <190 mmHg or ≥190 mmHg) and workload-indexed SBP (SBP/W-slope; low vs. high based on sex- and age-specific median values). Peak CO (COpeak) was quantified from exercise cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. SBPmax ≥190 mmHg occurred in 74 participants (55%), high SBP/W-slope in 41 (30%), and 26 (19%) had both. A high SBP/W-slope was associated with lower V̇o2peak (1.7 ± 0.4 vs. 2.1 ± 0.6 L/min; P < 0.001) and COpeak (12.8 ± 2.3 vs. 15.7 ± 3.5 L/min; P < 0.001) and higher total peripheral resistance (TPRpeak; 11.2 ± 2.3 vs. 9.0 ± 2.0 mmHg·min/L; P < 0.001). In contrast, a low SBP/W-slope despite SBPmax ≥190 mmHg had the highest V̇o2peak and COpeak and larger reductions in TPR compared with high SBP/W-slope groups. SBPmax ≥190 mmHg in isolation was associated with higher V̇o2peak and COpeak, although it also identified females with low fitness and COpeak. Thus, SBP/W-slope provides a framework for interpreting SBP relative to flow, with higher slopes indicating an unfavorable pressure-flow profile characterized by higher vascular resistance, lower COpeak, and reduced V̇o2peak. In contrast, SBPmax reflects both flow and resistance. Incorporating SBP/W-slope may therefore improve identification of females with impaired pressure-flow regulation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In females, a higher workload-indexed systolic blood pressure (SBP/W)-slope during exercise was associated with greater peripheral vascular resistance, lower cardiac output, and lower cardiorespiratory fitness, irrespective of maximal systolic blood pressure (SBPmax). In contrast, an exaggerated SBPmax alone reflected differing contributions of increased flow (i.e., cardiac output) or increased vascular resistance across individuals. Evaluating the SBP/W-slope provides a more physiologically informed interpretation of exercise blood pressure and may improve identification of females with impaired pressure-flow regulation and reduced cardiovascular reserve.

Effect of resistance training with different occlusion pressure on hand grip strength and forearm girth among young adults- A pilot study.