Blockchain Research Articles

Sentimental analysis based federated learning privacy detection in fake web recommendations using blockchain model

Recently, a documented increase has been observed in fake news and broadcast of such reports leads to grave danger to individual as well as societal welfare. There’s a danger of political collapse and a subsequent devastating loss of public confidence. The overwhelming quantity of news spread online leads towards impractical manual verification and due to the subtle distinctions within language, detecting fake news is an arduous challenge due to the ability to produce coherent and significant. Nowadays advanced neural language models (NLMs) are frequently utilised widespread in sequence generation domains. Additionally, they may be used to create false reviews, which can subsequently be used to target online review platforms and sway consumers’ purchasing choices. This research explores the application of blockchain technology and sentiment analysis to create a privacy-focused system for detecting and analyzing fake web recommendations. The input data comprises sentiment-based features extracted from web recommendations. A generative convolutional Bernoulli bayes neural network is employed for the feature extraction and classification. Further, to strengthen network privacy, blockchain technology has been integrated with federated learning. This work offers an experimental analysis of diverse sentiment data-driven fake recommendation datasets, evaluating performance using accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure metrics. A comprehensive evaluation of effectiveness is performed for each classifier. Results from the classification process indicated that a predictive model could be developed, leveraging tweet data, to distinguish between spam and non-spam content and to determine associated sentiment. The proposed method achieved 99% accuracy, 94% precision, 93% area under the curve, 94% recall, and 96% F-measure.

Blockchain technology adoption in food supply chains: key factors, impacts and challenges

Purpose The present study investigates the various aspects, consequences and obstacles linked to the use of blockchain technology (BCT) within Iraq’s food supply chain (FSC). By identifying and analyzing these components, this study aims to fill the knowledge gap on BCT’s potential and practical implications in this context. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory qualitative approach was used, involving 21 in-depth interviews analyzed through thematic analysis using NVivo (v12). The study systematically examined BCT adoption’s drivers, impacts and challenges in the Iraqi FSC context. Findings Nine key factors influencing blockchain adoption were identified and categorized into three domains: technology, organization and environment. The study also identified five major impacts of blockchain on the FSC and highlighted key challenges, including interoperability issues, privacy concerns, infrastructure limitations and a lack of knowledge. Research limitations/implications The study’s limitations include the early stage of BCT adoption, which restricted access to organizations with extensive experience in blockchain implementation. The generalizability of the findings may be restricted by the research’s emphasis on a broad FSC context rather than specific product categories. In addition, the interviews were conducted online due to budget constraints, potentially affecting the depth of responses. Many participating organizations had either not fully implemented blockchain or had only recently initiated pilot projects, which could influence the reliability of their insights. Social implications The study’s findings offer practical guidance for improving the transparency and efficiency of the FSC in Iraq, potentially leading to better consumer trust and enhanced food security. Originality/value This study provides a pioneering analysis of BCT adoption within Iraq’s FSC, a topic that has been underexplored despite its significance. By focusing on Iraq, the research addresses the specific technological, organizational and environmental factors influencing BCT adoption in a region facing unique challenges like political instability, infrastructural deficiencies and environmental stresses. The study’s findings offer critical insights into how blockchain can improve transparency, efficiency and trust in Iraq’s FSC, thus enhancing overall food security and economic resilience.

Blockchain transparency in reducing second-hand luxury shopping uncertainty and the role of price consciousness

This study explores consumer behavior and decision-making in the context of blockchain technology (BT) adoption within the second-hand luxury market. Specifically, it investigates how BT can reduce uncertainty and enhance transparency in second-hand luxury transactions based on a mental accounting theory approach. A partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis (N = 511) was conducted, focusing on consumers’ perceived quality of traceable information obtained through BT (i.e., product diagnosticity, informativeness, and trustworthiness) and their perceived risks in second-hand luxury online shopping (i.e., financial risk, social risk, time risk, contamination risk, performance risk). The findings confirm that the perceived quality of traceable information enhances blockchain transparency, reducing uncertainty in online second-hand luxury shopping. This leads consumers to perceive BT-enabled platforms as valuable, increasing their intention to adopt them. The study also examines the moderating effect of price consciousness on consumer perceptions of BT and decision-making. The results of the multi-group analysis confirm that consumers with lower price consciousness are more influenced by the diagnosticity provided by BT in terms of product transparency, while for consumers with higher price consciousness, trustworthiness emerges as a more significant factor. This research offers insights into the application of blockchain technology in the second-hand luxury market, particularly in enhancing transparency and consumer trust. It emphasizes the importance of retail strategies that communicate the advantages of BT and alleviate consumer risks associated with the online second-hand luxury market while recognizing consumers' varying levels of price consciousness.

Synthesis of Photosensitive Bottlebrush Block Copolymers for Tunable Photonic Pigments via Light-Driven Engineering of Chain Conformation.

Structurally colored bottlebrush block copolymers (BBCPs) offer a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional toxic pigments. For practical applications, precise control of their photonic bandgap is essential to generate various colors. A novel amphiphilic BBCPs designed with photosensitive o-nitrobenzyl ester (NE) groups strategically positioned near the main chain of the hydrophilic block is presented. Under UV radiation, these NE groups convert to acid groups, enhancing the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic block. This leads to increased hydration and chain extension when assembled at the water-in-oil (W/O) interface of a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion system. The light-driven engineering of BBCP conformation enables significant control over interfacial curvature, resulting in varied internal droplet diameters and domain spacing in the final photonic pigment particles after solvent removal. Despite the inherent rigidity of BBCPs, approach achieves photonic bandgap tuning across the entire visible spectrum using only three different BBCPs. These structural colored pigments show promise for applications in sensing systems, cosmetics, and inks.

Role of Block Chain Technology Challenges in Supply Chain Management

Role of Block Chain Technology Challenges in Supply Chain Management

Areas of Block Chain Technology Application in the Fruit Supply Chain in Makueni County, Kenya

Areas of Block Chain Technology Application in the Fruit Supply Chain in Makueni County, Kenya

A Blockchain-Driven Cyber-Systemic Approach to Hybrid Reality

Hybrid Reality (HyR) is the place where human beings and artificial entities interact. HyR modelling relies simultaneously on the cognitive power of humans and artificial entities. In addition, HyR is an evolving paradigm where natural and artificial intelligence can intervene in processes that demand proper control. This work aims to lay the foundation for a systematic approach to understanding and modeling present and future human–machine symbiosis under a systems engineering perspective. It introduces a novel cyber-systemic methodology for managing the engineering of purposeful regulation for HyR phenomena by integrating the Blockchain technology framework and principled methods of cybernetics. This formalized interdisciplinary methodology integrates system dynamics, agent-based computation, artificial intelligence, and Blockchain-powered security and safety layers. The Blockchain framework, seen under a new cyber-systemic perspective, provides new opportunities and tools for the organization and control of HyR. A Cybersystemic Security Kit is here defined as a major component of the methodology, representing a candidate to offer viable breakthroughs in the field with respect to the best practices of Industry 5.0 when a systemically augmented perspective is adopted. Ongoing research and experimentation in the real field of sustainable supply chains is used as a motivating use case to support the proposed position. The industrial target is the primary one in its multi-dimensional and multi-faceted sustainability impacts, but this study will also reveal other potential societal areas of intervention.

Transparency and Privacy on Social Media: Privacy Policies for Enhancing Users’ Control on Social Media

This study examines the impact of transparency and privacy in Social Media Platforms (SMP) with the enhancement of user control using a mixed-method approach. 475 social media users were surveyed online, of whom 457 valid responses were filtered. Meanwhile, 45 legal professionals from 5 countries provided qualitative insights via structured online meetings. Thematic analysis offered detailed views on social media policy-related legal and privacy issues. Quantitative analysis through SPSS validated the findings concerning privacy regulations, transparent policies, right-to-be-forgotten clauses, blockchain technology and tiered privacy systems. Findings show that good regulations strengthen user control over personal data, transparent policies boost trust and engagement, and right-to-be-forgotten clauses cut digital footprints. Additionally, blockchain integration enhances data protection while tiered privacy systems balance user privacy preferences and platform functionality. It provides a unique contribution to the dual-method approach consisting of quantitative method and qualitative analysis to give a deeper understanding of privacy policy innovation.

Chaincraft: Crafting the Future of Supply Chains with IoT and Blockchain Brilliance

ChainCraft is an innovative digital platform that revolutionizes supply chain management by integrating IoT and blockchain technology. With its user-friendly interface, ChainCraft allows for real-time tracking of shipments based on important parameters such as location, temperature, and security conditions. The platform provides a secure, constant record of your program and increases supply chain visibility by ensuring transparency and reliability. Most important features include real-time monitoring, security and compliance analytics, historical shipping data checks, and interactive allocation for improved decisions. By leveraging IoT sensors for real-time data collection and Blockchain for secure and tamper-proof record-keeping, ChainCraft offers an efficient and reliable solution for businesses aiming to optimize supply chain operations. Users can monitor their assets seamlessly, assess past shipment performance, and make data-driven decisions to enhance overall supply chain efficiency. With its advanced tracking capabilities, security-focused architecture, and intuitive interface, ChainCraft sets a new standard for smart, transparent, and secure supply chain management.

Platform framework for blockchain-enhanced healthcare AIoT systems

Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies offer immense potential when integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) across multiple sectors, including healthcare. Blockchain remains an active research topic, particularly regarding its scalability and the time efficiency of its verification process. However, limited attention has been given to the practical challenges of integrating blockchain with AIoT (AI with IoT) in healthcare applications, that face persistent privacy and security challenges due to the sensitive nature of personal data. These challenges include time-consuming data retrieval and increased memory usage, which impact the practical implementation of blockchain-based AIoT systems. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a platform framework that integrates edge AI with a sharding-based proof-of-authority (PoA) blockchain for healthcare systems. The proposed framework incorporates three key strategies for blockchain applications in healthcare: 1) a blockchain version manager for AI adaptors, 2) IoT preprocessing for blockchain data management, and 3) the Shall Fragment Cube (SFC) approach for blockchain decision archiving. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the use of a sharding blockchain significantly enhances memory efficiency and reduces data retrieval time in healthcare AIoT applications. Moreover, simulation results indicate that the SFC approach reduces data retrieval time by approximately 50%. Thus, the proposed system design provides a practical and reliable solution for integrating blockchain into future healthcare AIoT systems, unlocking transformative potential across multiple application domains.

Blockchain Technology: Revolutionizing Data Security and Decentralized Applications

Blockchain technology, initially introduced as the underlying infrastructure for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, has become a powerful tool with far-reaching applications across various sectors, including finance, supply chain, healthcare, and government. This paper explores the fundamental principles of blockchain technology, including its architecture, consensus mechanisms, and cryptographic foundations. We highlight its decentralized nature and explore its significant applications, especially in secure transactions, smart contracts, and immutable data storage. Despite its transformative potential, blockchain faces several challenges related to scalability, energy consumption, interoperability, and regulatory concerns. The paper concludes by discussing potential future advancements in blockchain technology, such as consensus algorithm optimization, energy-efficient blockchain designs, and solutions to the blockchain scalability problem. Keywords: Blockchain, Decentralization, Cryptocurrency, Consensus Mechanisms, Smart Contracts, Scalability, Blockchain Security

Blockchain Beyond Cryptocurrency – Unlocking Decentralized Solutions Across Industries.

The blockchain revolution, ignited by the cryptocurrency phenomenon, is rapidly transcending its financial origins, poised to redefine industries across the spectrum. This review paper plunges into the transformative power of blockchain technology, dissecting its expanding universe of applications beyond digital currencies. We unravel the core principles of decentralization, immutability, and transparency that fuel blockchain's potential to revolutionize data management and operational efficiency. A spotlight is cast on its burgeoning impact across diverse sectors, including supply chain fortification, the evolution of digital identity, healthcare innovation, intellectual property safeguarding, the reinvention of voting systems, and the rise of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs). We navigate the challenges that lie ahead and chart the exciting future directions of this groundbreaking technology. This paper delivers a comprehensive exploration of "Blockchain Beyond Cryptocurrency," illuminating its capacity to forge a future defined by enhanced security, trust, and streamlined processes in countless real-world applications. Key Words: Blockchain, Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), Decentralization, Immutability, Transparency, Smart Contracts, Supply Chain, Digital Identity, Healthcare, Voting, Intellectual Property, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), Review.

Enerchainability in Agriculture Supply Chain: Examining the adoption of Blockchain and its Energy Efficiency from Farmers’ Perspective

This study investigates factors influencing farmers’ acceptance of blockchain technology within the concept of “enerchainability,” which integrates energy efficiency and blockchain to enhance sustainability in the agriculture supply chain (ASC). It examines how farmers’ awareness, social networks, access to technology, and participation in agricultural training shape their behavioral intention to adopt blockchain. Data were collected through a structured survey focusing on demographic factors, social networks, and supply chain challenges. Results show that social networks, technological resources, and education significantly affect blockchain adoption. Younger, educated farmers are more receptive to the technology, while issues like reduced bargaining power and high production costs act as barriers. The study’s findings, though focused on one region, have global relevance for similar agricultural and technological contexts, offering insights into how blockchain can drive sustainability and energy efficiency. The research provides recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders, emphasizing the importance of farmer education and external support for blockchain adoption in ASC.

The Impact of Blockchain Technology on Corporate ESG Performance: The Moderating Role of Digital Financial Innovation

This study investigates the relationship between blockchain technology adoption and corporate Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, with a particular focus on the moderating effect of digital financial innovation. Using panel data from 5,000 firms in the CMARS database, we employ a fixed-effects model to analyze how blockchain implementation influences ESG metrics across different dimensions. Our findings reveal that blockchain adoption positively affects ESG performance, with the effect being more pronounced for environmental and governance dimensions. Furthermore, digital financial innovation significantly enhances this relationship, suggesting complementary effects between blockchain technology and innovative digital financial services. The results remain robust to alternative specifications, endogeneity corrections, and various sensitivity analyses. Our study contributes to the emerging literature on technological innovation and corporate sustainability by highlighting the mechanisms through which blockchain technology can drive improvements in ESG performance. These findings have important implications for corporate technology strategy, sustainability policy, and financial innovation.

Blockchain adoption in auditing: a systematic literature review

PurposeThis study aims to provide an overview of blockchain technology (BT) adoption within the auditing domain. It focuses on three stages of BT adoption, i.e. pre-implementation, implementation and post-implementation.Design/methodology/approachOf the 2,610 initial sources, we selected and analyzed 63 relevant articles from the Scopus database.FindingsThis study uncovered a promising and multidisciplinary field of research primarily driven by scholars with less practitioner involvement. Review and conceptual research were the most prevalent, highlighting the need for significant efforts in developing empirical research. This study provides a framework for BT adoption. It offers valuable insights into the adoption approach, covering the period from when organizations justify the need for adopting BT in auditing to the stage when they experience its full potential and derive various benefits. For the future research agenda, we posted 35 research questions about building a comprehensive approach to BT adoption.Originality/valueThis study approached BT adoption in auditing through the lens of three stages, i.e. pre-implementation, implementation and post-implementation.

A Secure and Efficient Blockchain-Based Framework for Smart Cities Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks

The massive scale and extensive implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) makes it difficult to provide secure and private communications over it. Privacy and decentralisation have been made easier using blockchain technology. Unfortunately, these solutions aren't practical for the majority of IoT uses because of how much time and computing power they require. Secure and private IoT that makes efficient use of available resources is proposed in this study. With the use of Physics Informed Neural Networks, the technique takes advantage of the computing power available in IoT settings like smart cities. This solution examines the reliability of the blockchain-based Smart Cities Architecture with respect to accessibility, privacy, and integrity. When weighed against the security and privacy advantages our system offers, our simulation findings reveal that the overheads (distribution, processing time, and energy usage) are negligible.

Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) – Transformation of India’s Payment System and Adaptability Survey

The concept of currency in India is fundamentally based on trust. This trust is established through a central authority, namely the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), which is responsible for printing, issuing, and circulating currency notes in the country. In addition to traditional currency, there is also a digital form of currency backed by the RBI, designed for transactions, lending, and value storage. This is known as Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Specifically, India’s CBDC is called as E-Rupee (e₹). This paper presents a conceptual study of the CBDC, exploring the underlying technologies and their potential to transform India's payment system. It emphasizes that the CBDC is not intended to replace the existing monetary system; rather, it serves as an additional component. Furthermore, a survey on digital payment behaviour is conducted to examine the adaptability of this system Keywords: Digital currency, E-Rupee (e₹), Central Banking Digital Currency (CBDC), Blockchain Technology, Smart contract.

Design Analysis for a Distributed Business Innovation System Employing Generated Expert Profiles, Matchmaking, and Blockchain Technology

Innovation ecosystems often face challenges such as inadequate coordination, insufficient protection of intellectual property, limited access to quality expertise, and inefficient matchmaking between innovators and experts. This paper provides an in-depth design analysis of SPARK-IT, a novel business innovation platform specifically addressing these challenges. The platform leverages advanced AI to precisely match innovators with suitable mentors, supported by a distributed web scraper that constructs expert profiles from reliable sources (e.g., LinkedIn and BrainMap). Data privacy and security are prioritized through robust encryption that restricts sensitive content exclusively to innovators and mentors, preventing unauthorized access even by platform administrators. Additionally, documents are stored encrypted on decentralized storage, with their cryptographic hashes anchored on blockchain to ensure transparency, traceability, non-repudiation, and immutability. To incentivize active participation, SPARK-IT utilizes a dual-token approach comprising reward and reputation tokens. The reward tokens, SparkCoins, are wrapped stablecoins with tangible monetary value, enabling seamless internal transactions and external exchanges. Finally, the paper discusses key design challenges and critical architectural trade-offs and evaluates the socio-economic impacts of implementing this innovative solution.

IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ACCOUNTING OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

The article considers peculiarities of introduction of digital technologies in accounting of foreign economic activity of an enterprise, provides their advantages and difficulties of application. The publications that address this issue are studied and the unresolved parts of the general problem are highlighted. The relevance of researching the problems of introducing digital technologies in the accounting of foreign economic activity is due to the growing role of digital transformation in the financial and economic processes of enterprises. In the current context of globalisation and integration, digital tools are becoming essential for effective accounting, analytics and control of international transactions. The article considers the main aspects of digitalisation of accounting for foreign economic activity of an enterprise, its advantages and challenges faced by companies in the process of implementation. The author describes the most common software tools that automate the processes of collecting, processing, analysing and storing data related to the foreign economic activity of an enterprise. The current state of digitalisation of Ukrainian enterprises is analysed, possible directions for further introduction of digital technologies in the accounting of foreign economic activity of enterprise are suggested. The main aspects characterising the introduction of digital technologies in this area in Ukraine are considered. Digital technologies automate accounting processes at the enterprise, reducing the likelihood of errors, improving the accuracy of calculations and simplifying documentation. The use of modern software systems ensures that financial statements comply with international standards, which is important for cooperation with foreign partners. Automation helps to reduce accounting and audit costs by reducing the need for paperwork and manual data processing. The use of blockchain technologies, cloud services and electronic document management reduces the risk of fraud and helps protect commercial information. The development of e-commerce and digital currencies creates a need for new methods of accounting and control of foreign economic transactions. To study the problems of introducing digital technologies in foreign economic accounting, an integrated approach is used, including theoretical and empirical methods of analysis. study of the problems of introducing digital technologies in foreign economic accounting. The study is based on a combination of theoretical analysis, empirical research and the use of other methods to determine the effectiveness of digital solutions in the accounting of international transactions.

Blockchain Based Supply Management System

The emergence of supply management systems revolutionized global data exchange, providing a broader platform for sharing information, personal data and digital goods but despite its many advantages, the use of supply management systems is a burden a host of data governance and privacy challenges , a growing number of platforms involved in data theft, susceptibility to data breaches, susceptibility to identity theft, and the spread of fake news are often involved in extensive data management to facilitate targeted advertising and increase profitability. In response to these challenges, our proposal is to integrate blockchain technology to create decentralized platforms. This decentralized move towards data governance not only promises greater control over personal data but also ensures transparency, security, and control over data governance. Keywords—Decentralization, Data Privacy, Data Management, Misinformation, Data Monitoring, Data Piracy, Data Breaches, Identity Theft, False Information, Surveillance, Transparency, Security, User Empowerment, supply management